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Identifying low-density, ancestry-informative SNP markers through whole genome resequencing in Indian, Chinese, and wild yak. 通过对印度牦牛、中国牦牛和野生牦牛进行全基因组重测序,确定低密度、具有祖先信息的 SNP 标记。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10924-9
Munish Gangwar, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Abdul Basit Ali, Amit Kumar, Amod Kumar, Gyanendra Kumar Gaur, Triveni Dutt

The current investigation was undertaken to elucidate the population-stratifying and ancestry-informative markers in Indian, Chinese, and wild yak populations using whole genome resequencing (WGS) analysis while employing various selection strategies (Delta, Pairwise Wright's Fixation Index-FST, and Informativeness of Assignment) and marker densities (5-25 thousand). The study used WGS data on 105 individuals from three separate yak cohorts i.e., Indian yak (n = 29), Chinese yak (n = 61), and wild yak (n = 15). Variant calling in the GATK program with strict quality control resulted in 1,002,970 high-quality and independent (LD-pruned) SNP markers across the yak autosomes. Analysis was undertaken in toolbox for ranking and evaluation of SNPs (TRES) program wherein three different criteria i.e., Delta, Pairwise Wright's Fixation Index-FST, and Informativeness of Assignment were employed to identify population-stratifying and ancestry-informative markers across various datasets. The top-ranked 5,000 (5K), 10,000 (10K), 15,000 (15K), 20,000 (20K), and 25,000 (25K) SNPs were identified from each dataset while their composition and performance was assessed using different criteria. The average genomic breed clustering of Indian, Chinese, and wild yak cohorts with full density dataset (105 individuals with 1,002,970 markers) was 81.74%, 80.02%, and 83.62%, respectively. Informativeness of Assignment criterion with 10K density emerged as the best combination for three yak cohorts with 86.94%, 96.46%, and 98.20% clustering for Indian, Chinese, and wild yak, respectively. There was an average increase of 7.56%, 22.72%, and 30.35% in genomic breed clustering scores of Indian, Chinese, and wild yak cohorts over the estimates of the original dataset. The selected markers showed overlap multiple protein-coding genes within a 10 kb window including ADGRB3, ANK1, CACNG7, CALN1, CHCHD2, CREBBP, GLI3, KHDRBS2, and OSBPL10. This is the first report ever on elucidating low-density SNP marker sets with population-stratifying and ancestry-informative properties in three yak groups using WGS data. The results gain significance for application of genomic selection using cost-effective low-density SNP panels in global yak species.

本研究采用全基因组重测序(WGS)分析方法,同时采用不同的选择策略(Delta、配对赖特固定指数-FST和赋值信息度)和标记密度(5-25,000),以阐明印度、中国和野生牦牛种群的种群分层和祖先信息标记。研究使用了来自三个不同牦牛群的 105 个个体的 WGS 数据,即印度牦牛(n = 29)、中国牦牛(n = 61)和野牦牛(n = 15)。在严格的质量控制下,通过 GATK 程序进行变异调用,在牦牛常染色体上获得了 1,002,970 个高质量和独立(LD-pruned)的 SNP 标记。分析是在 SNPs 排名和评估工具箱(TRES)程序中进行的,其中采用了三种不同的标准,即 Delta、配对赖特固定指数(Pairwise Wright's Fixation Index-FST)和赋值信息度(Informativeness of Assignment),以确定不同数据集中的种群分层和祖先信息标记。从每个数据集中识别出排名靠前的 5,000 (5K)、10,000 (10K)、15,000 (15K)、20,000 (20K) 和 25,000 (25K) 个 SNP,并用不同的标准评估它们的组成和性能。在全密度数据集(105 个个体,1,002,970 个标记)中,印度牦牛、中国牦牛和野牦牛队列的平均基因组品种聚类率分别为 81.74%、80.02% 和 83.62%。对于印度牦牛、中国牦牛和野牦牛的三个牦牛队列来说,分配标准与 10K 密度的信息性是最佳组合,聚类率分别为 86.94%、96.46% 和 98.20%。与原始数据集的估计值相比,印度牦牛、中国牦牛和野牦牛队列的基因组品种聚类得分分别平均提高了 7.56%、22.72% 和 30.35%。所选标记在 10 kb 窗口内显示多个蛋白编码基因重叠,包括 ADGRB3、ANK1、CACNG7、CALN1、CHCHD2、CREBBP、GLI3、KHDRBS2 和 OSBPL10。这是首次利用 WGS 数据阐明三个牦牛群中具有种群分层和祖先信息属性的低密度 SNP 标记集。这些结果对于在全球牦牛物种中使用经济有效的低密度 SNP 面板进行基因组选择具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Transcriptome analysis of mammary epithelial cell between Sewa sheep and East FriEsian sheep from different localities. 来自不同地区的苏瓦绵羊和东弗里西亚绵羊乳腺上皮细胞的转录组分析。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10946-3
Rui Li, Junru Pan, Cheng Pan, Jingjing Li, Zhenzhen Zhang, Khuram Shahzad, Yu Sun, Quzhu Yixi, Wangjie Zhaxi, Haofeng Qing, Tianzeng Song, Wangsheng Zhao

Mammary epithelial cells, the only milk-producing cell type in the mammary gland, undergo dynamic proliferation and differentiation during pregnancy, culminating in lactation postpartum. The East FriEsian sheep ranks among the world's most prolific dairy breeds, while the Sewa sheep, a unique dual-purpose breed autochthonous to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, exhibits significantly lower milk production. Employing tissue culture methods, we successfully established mammary epithelial cell lines from both breeds. Morphological assessment of mammary epithelial cells and immunofluorescence identification of Cytokeratin 7 and Cytokeratin 8 confirmed the epithelial identity of the isolated cells. Subsequent RNA-seq analysis of these in vitro epithelial cell lines revealed 1813 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among these, 1108 were significantly up-regulated and 705 were down-regulated in Sewa epithelial sheep cells compared to East FriEsian epithelial cells. KEGG enrichment analysis identified cellular processes, environmental information processing, human diseases, metabolism, and organismal systems as the primary functional categories associated with DEGs. Gene ontology (GO) terms annotation, categorized into molecular function, biological processes, and cellular component, yielded "binding and catalytic activity," "molecular function regulator activity," and "cellular process," "biological regulation," and "regulation of biological process" as the top three terms within each domain, respectively. Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (KOG) classification further revealed that "signal transduction mechanisms" accounted for the largest proportion of DEGs among all KOG categories. Finally, based on these analyses, ATF3 and MPP7 were identified as promising candidate genes for regulating lactation.

乳腺上皮细胞是乳腺中唯一的产奶细胞类型,在怀孕期间经历动态增殖和分化,最终在产后泌乳。东弗里西亚绵羊是世界上最多产的奶羊品种之一,而青藏高原特有的两用绵羊品种苏瓦绵羊的产奶量却明显较低。我们采用组织培养方法,成功建立了这两个品种的乳腺上皮细胞系。乳腺上皮细胞的形态学评估以及细胞角蛋白 7 和细胞角蛋白 8 的免疫荧光鉴定证实了分离细胞的上皮特性。随后对这些体外上皮细胞系进行的 RNA-seq 分析发现了 1813 个差异表达基因(DEGs)。与East FriEsian上皮细胞相比,其中1108个基因明显上调,705个基因明显下调。KEGG富集分析发现,细胞过程、环境信息处理、人类疾病、新陈代谢和机体系统是与DEGs相关的主要功能类别。基因本体论(GO)术语注释分为分子功能、生物过程和细胞成分三类,每个领域的前三个术语分别是 "结合和催化活性"、"分子功能调节活性 "以及 "细胞过程"、"生物调控 "和 "生物过程调控"。蛋白质同源群(KOG)分类进一步显示,在所有 KOG 类别中,"信号转导机制 "占 DEGs 的比例最大。最后,根据上述分析,ATF3 和 MPP7 被确定为有望调控泌乳的候选基因。
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引用次数: 0
New insights into the evolution analysis of trihelix gene family in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and expression analysis under abiotic stress. 茄子(Solanum melongena L.)三螺旋基因家族进化分析及非生物胁迫下的表达分析的新发现
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10959-y
Yanhong Lan, Fangyi Gong, Chun Li, Feng Xia, Yifan Li, Xiaojun Liu, Duchen Liu, Genyun Liang, Chao Fang, Peng Cai

Background: Trihliex transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in plant growth and development, stress response, and plant hormone signaling network transmission. In order to comprehensively investigate the functions of trihliex genes in eggplant development and the abiotic stress response, we conducted an extensive analysis of the trihliex gene family in the eggplant genome.

Results: In this study, 30 trihelix gene family members were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. On the basis of their phylogenetic relationships, these genes were conserved in different plant species and could be divided into six subfamilies, with trihelix genes within the same subfamily sharing similar structures. The promoter regions of trihelix genes contained cis-acting elements related to plant growth and development, plant hormones, and abiotic stress responses, suggesting potential applications in the development of more resistant crops. Selective pressure assessments indicated that trihliex genes have undergone purifying selection pressure. Expression analysis on the basis of transcriptomic profiles revealed that SmGT18, SmGT29, SmGT6, and SmGT28 are highly expressed in roots, leaves, flowers, and fruits, respectively. Expression analysis via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR) revealed that most trihelix genes respond to low temperature, abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA), with SmGT29 exhibiting significant upregulation under cold stress conditions. The SmGT29 gene was subsequently successfully cloned from eggplant, which was located in the nucleus, robust transcriptional activity, and a protein molecular weight of 74.59 kDa. On the basis of these findings, SmGT29 was postulated to be a pivotal candidate gene that actively responds to biotic stress stimuli, thereby supporting the plant's innate stress resistance mechanisms.

Conclusion: In summary, this study was the first report on trihelix genes and their potential roles in eggplant plants. These results provided valuable insights for enhancing stress resistance and quality traits in eggplant breeding, thereby serving as a crucial reference for future improvement efforts.

背景:Trihliex转录因子(TFs)在植物生长发育、胁迫响应和植物激素信号网络传递中发挥着重要作用。为了全面研究三螺旋基因在茄子生长发育和非生物胁迫响应中的功能,我们对茄子基因组中的三螺旋基因家族进行了广泛分析:结果:在这项研究中,30个三螺旋基因家族成员不均匀地分布在12条染色体上。根据系统发育关系,这些基因在不同植物物种中是保守的,可分为六个亚家族,同一亚家族中的三螺旋基因具有相似的结构。三螺旋基因的启动子区域含有与植物生长发育、植物激素和非生物胁迫反应有关的顺式作用元件,这表明三螺旋基因有可能应用于开发抗性更强的作物。选择压力评估表明,三螺旋基因经历了纯化选择压力。基于转录组图谱的表达分析表明,SmGT18、SmGT29、SmGT6 和 SmGT28 分别在根、叶、花和果实中高表达。通过实时定量 PCR(qRT-PCR)进行的表达分析表明,大多数三螺旋基因对低温、脱落酸(ABA)和水杨酸(SA)有反应,其中 SmGT29 在冷胁迫条件下表现出显著的上调。随后从茄子中成功克隆了 SmGT29 基因,该基因位于细胞核中,具有强大的转录活性,蛋白质分子量为 74.59 kDa。根据这些发现,推测 SmGT29 是一个关键的候选基因,能积极应对生物胁迫刺激,从而支持植物的先天抗逆机制:总之,本研究首次报道了三螺旋基因及其在茄子植物中的潜在作用。这些结果为提高茄子育种中的抗逆性和品质性状提供了有价值的见解,从而为今后的改良工作提供了重要参考。
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引用次数: 0
The evolutionary dynamics of genome sizes and repetitive elements in Ensifera (Insecta: Orthoptera). Ensifera(昆虫纲:直翅目)基因组大小和重复元件的进化动态。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10949-0
Hao Yuan, Xiao-Jing Liu, Xuan-Zeng Liu, Li-Na Zhao, Shao-Li Mao, Yuan Huang

Background: In evolutionary biology, identifying and quantifying inter-lineage genome size variation and elucidating the underlying causes of that variation have long been goals. Repetitive elements (REs) have been proposed and confirmed as being among the most important contributors to genome size variation. However, the evolutionary implications of genome size variation and RE dynamics are not well understood.

Results: A total of 35 Ensifera insects were collected from different areas in China, including nine species of crickets and 26 species of katydids. The genome sizes of seven species were then determined using flow cytometry. The RepeatExplorer2 pipeline was employed to retrieve the repeated sequences for each species, based on low-coverage (0.1 X) high-throughput Illumina unassembled short reads. The genome sizes of the 35 Ensifera insects exhibited a considerable degree of variation, ranging from 1.00 to 18.34 pg. This variation was more than 18-fold. Similarly, the RE abundances exhibited considerable variation, ranging from 13.66 to 61.16%. In addition, the Tettigonioidea had larger genomes and contained significantly more REs than did the Grylloidea genomes. Analysis of the correlation between RE abundance and the genome size of 35 Ensifera insects revealed that the abundance of REs, transposable elements (TEs), long terminal repeats (LTRs), and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are significantly correlated with genome size. Notably, there is an inflection point in this correlation, where species with increasingly large genomes (e.g., > 5-10 pg) have repeats that contribute less to genome expansion than expected. Furthermore, this study revealed contrasting evolutionary directions between the Tettigonioidea and Grylloidea clades in terms of the expansion of REs. Tettigonioidea species exhibit a gradual increase in ancestral genome size and RE abundance as they diverge, while Grylloidea species experience sustained genome contraction.

Conclusions: This study reveals extensive variation in genome size and RE abundance in Ensifera insects, with distinct evolutionary patterns across two major groups, Tettigonioidea and Grylloidea. This provides valuable insights into the variation in genome size and RE abundance in Ensifera insects, offering a comprehensive understanding of their evolutionary history.

背景:在进化生物学中,识别和量化世系间基因组大小变异并阐明这种变异的根本原因是长期以来的目标。重复元件(REs)已被提出并证实是造成基因组大小变异的最重要因素之一。然而,人们对基因组大小变异和RE动态对进化的影响还不甚了解:结果:从中国不同地区共采集了35种Ensifera昆虫,包括9种蟋蟀和26种蝈蝈。然后利用流式细胞仪测定了 7 个物种的基因组大小。基于低覆盖率(0.1 X)的高通量 Illumina 未组装短读数,使用 RepeatExplorer2 管道检索每个物种的重复序列。35 种 Ensifera 昆虫的基因组大小差异很大,从 1.00 pg 到 18.34 pg 不等。同样,RE 丰度也表现出相当大的差异,从 13.66% 到 61.16% 不等。此外,Tettigonioidea 的基因组较大,含有的 RE 明显多于 Grylloidea 的基因组。对 35 种 Ensifera 昆虫的 RE 丰度与基因组大小的相关性分析表明,RE、转座元件(TE)、长末端重复序列(LTR)和长穿插核元件(LINE)的丰度与基因组大小显著相关。值得注意的是,这种相关性存在一个拐点,即基因组越来越大(如大于 5-10 pg)的物种,其重复序列对基因组扩展的贡献比预期的要小。此外,这项研究还揭示了Tettigonioidea和Grylloidea支系在REs扩展方面截然不同的进化方向。Tettigonioidea物种在分化过程中表现出祖先基因组大小和RE丰度的逐渐增加,而Grylloidea物种则经历了持续的基因组收缩:这项研究揭示了Ensifera昆虫基因组大小和RE丰度的广泛变异,其中Tettigonioidea和Grylloidea两大类的进化模式截然不同。这为我们深入了解Ensifera昆虫基因组大小和RE丰度的变化提供了宝贵的资料,有助于全面了解它们的进化历史。
{"title":"The evolutionary dynamics of genome sizes and repetitive elements in Ensifera (Insecta: Orthoptera).","authors":"Hao Yuan, Xiao-Jing Liu, Xuan-Zeng Liu, Li-Na Zhao, Shao-Li Mao, Yuan Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12864-024-10949-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12864-024-10949-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In evolutionary biology, identifying and quantifying inter-lineage genome size variation and elucidating the underlying causes of that variation have long been goals. Repetitive elements (REs) have been proposed and confirmed as being among the most important contributors to genome size variation. However, the evolutionary implications of genome size variation and RE dynamics are not well understood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 Ensifera insects were collected from different areas in China, including nine species of crickets and 26 species of katydids. The genome sizes of seven species were then determined using flow cytometry. The RepeatExplorer2 pipeline was employed to retrieve the repeated sequences for each species, based on low-coverage (0.1 X) high-throughput Illumina unassembled short reads. The genome sizes of the 35 Ensifera insects exhibited a considerable degree of variation, ranging from 1.00 to 18.34 pg. This variation was more than 18-fold. Similarly, the RE abundances exhibited considerable variation, ranging from 13.66 to 61.16%. In addition, the Tettigonioidea had larger genomes and contained significantly more REs than did the Grylloidea genomes. Analysis of the correlation between RE abundance and the genome size of 35 Ensifera insects revealed that the abundance of REs, transposable elements (TEs), long terminal repeats (LTRs), and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are significantly correlated with genome size. Notably, there is an inflection point in this correlation, where species with increasingly large genomes (e.g., > 5-10 pg) have repeats that contribute less to genome expansion than expected. Furthermore, this study revealed contrasting evolutionary directions between the Tettigonioidea and Grylloidea clades in terms of the expansion of REs. Tettigonioidea species exhibit a gradual increase in ancestral genome size and RE abundance as they diverge, while Grylloidea species experience sustained genome contraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals extensive variation in genome size and RE abundance in Ensifera insects, with distinct evolutionary patterns across two major groups, Tettigonioidea and Grylloidea. This provides valuable insights into the variation in genome size and RE abundance in Ensifera insects, offering a comprehensive understanding of their evolutionary history.</p>","PeriodicalId":9030,"journal":{"name":"BMC Genomics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microprotein-encoding RNA regulation in cells treated with pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic stimuli. 细胞在促炎症和促纤维化刺激下的微蛋白编码 RNA 调节。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10948-1
Victor J Pai, Calvin J Lau, Almudena Garcia-Ruiz, Cynthia Donaldson, Joan M Vaughan, Brendan Miller, Eduardo V De Souza, Antonio M Pinto, Jolene Diedrich, Narender R Gavva, Shan Yu, Christopher DeBoever, Shane R Horman, Alan Saghatelian

Background: Recent analysis of the human proteome via proteogenomics and ribosome profiling of the transcriptome revealed the existence of thousands of previously unannotated microprotein-coding small open reading frames (smORFs). Most functional microproteins were chosen for characterization because of their evolutionary conservation. However, one example of a non-conserved immunomodulatory microprotein in mice suggests that strict sequence conservation misses some intriguing microproteins.

Results: We examine the ability of gene regulation to identify human microproteins with potential roles in inflammation or fibrosis of the intestine. To do this, we collected ribosome profiling data of intestinal cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and used gene expression of microprotein-encoding transcripts to identify strongly regulated microproteins, including several examples of microproteins that are only conserved with primates.

Conclusion: This approach reveals a number of new microproteins worthy of additional functional characterization and provides a dataset that can be queried in different ways to find additional gut microproteins of interest.

背景:最近通过蛋白质组学和转录组核糖体分析对人类蛋白质组进行的分析表明,存在数千个以前未注明的微蛋白编码小开放阅读框(smORFs)。大多数功能性微蛋白因其进化保护而被选中进行表征。然而,小鼠中一个非保守的免疫调节微蛋白的例子表明,严格的序列保守性遗漏了一些有趣的微蛋白:我们研究了基因调控的能力,以确定在肠道炎症或纤维化中可能发挥作用的人类微蛋白。为此,我们收集了肠细胞系和外周血单核细胞的核糖体图谱数据,并利用微蛋白编码转录本的基因表达来识别受强调控的微蛋白,包括几种仅与灵长类动物保守的微蛋白:结论:这一方法揭示了一些值得进一步进行功能表征的新微量蛋白,并提供了一个数据集,可以通过不同方式查询,找到更多感兴趣的肠道微量蛋白。
{"title":"Microprotein-encoding RNA regulation in cells treated with pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic stimuli.","authors":"Victor J Pai, Calvin J Lau, Almudena Garcia-Ruiz, Cynthia Donaldson, Joan M Vaughan, Brendan Miller, Eduardo V De Souza, Antonio M Pinto, Jolene Diedrich, Narender R Gavva, Shan Yu, Christopher DeBoever, Shane R Horman, Alan Saghatelian","doi":"10.1186/s12864-024-10948-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12864-024-10948-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent analysis of the human proteome via proteogenomics and ribosome profiling of the transcriptome revealed the existence of thousands of previously unannotated microprotein-coding small open reading frames (smORFs). Most functional microproteins were chosen for characterization because of their evolutionary conservation. However, one example of a non-conserved immunomodulatory microprotein in mice suggests that strict sequence conservation misses some intriguing microproteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We examine the ability of gene regulation to identify human microproteins with potential roles in inflammation or fibrosis of the intestine. To do this, we collected ribosome profiling data of intestinal cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and used gene expression of microprotein-encoding transcripts to identify strongly regulated microproteins, including several examples of microproteins that are only conserved with primates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This approach reveals a number of new microproteins worthy of additional functional characterization and provides a dataset that can be queried in different ways to find additional gut microproteins of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":9030,"journal":{"name":"BMC Genomics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Transcriptional reprogramming in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum and its aphid host Myzus persicae during the switch between saprophytic and parasitic lifestyles. 更正:昆虫病原真菌Metarhizium brunneum及其蚜虫宿主Myzus persicae在营养生长和寄生生活方式转换过程中的转录重编程。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10944-5
Victoria Reingold, Adi Faigenboim, Sabina Matveev, Sabrina Haviv, Eduard Belausov, Andreas Vilcinskas, Dana Ment
{"title":"Correction: Transcriptional reprogramming in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum and its aphid host Myzus persicae during the switch between saprophytic and parasitic lifestyles.","authors":"Victoria Reingold, Adi Faigenboim, Sabina Matveev, Sabrina Haviv, Eduard Belausov, Andreas Vilcinskas, Dana Ment","doi":"10.1186/s12864-024-10944-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12864-024-10944-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9030,"journal":{"name":"BMC Genomics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genome-wide selection of potential target candidates for RNAi against Nilaparvata lugens. 针对 Nilaparvata lugens 的 RNAi 潜在候选目标的全基因组选择。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10940-9
Zhang Jinshi, Li Mei, Lian Jinjin, Zhang Weilin

Background: Nilaparvata lugens is one of the most destructive pests of rice. RNAi-based N. lugens control offers one alternative strategy to traditional chemical insecticides. However, selection of potential target for RNAi against N. lugens remains a major challenge. Only two target genes for nuclear transgenic N. lugens-resistant plants have been screened. Importantly, only one or few potential target genes against N. lugens were screened every time by knowledge of essential genes from model organisms in previous study.

Results: Here, in silico genome-wide selection of potential target genes against N. lugens through homology comparison was performed. Through genome synteny comparisons, about 3.5% of Drosophila melanogaster genome was found to have conserved genomic synteny with N. lugens genome. By using N. lugens proteins to search D. melanogaster homologs defining lethal or sterile phenotype, 358 N. lugens genes were first screened as putative target genes. Transgenic rice lines expressing dsRNA of randomly selected gene (NlRan or NlSRP54) from 358 putative target genes enhanced resistance to N. lugens. After expression check and safety check, 115 N. lugens genes were screened as potential target candidates.

Conclusion: The combined efforts in this study firstly provide one in silico genome-wide homology-based screening approach for RNAi-based target genes against N. lugens, which not only offer one new opportunity to batch select potential target candidates in pests of interest, but also will facilitate the selection of RNAi target in many pest species by providing more than one hundred potential target candidates.

背景:Nilaparvata lugens 是最具破坏性的水稻害虫之一。基于 RNAi 的 N. lugens 防治提供了一种替代传统化学杀虫剂的策略。然而,选择 RNAi 防治 N. lugens 的潜在靶标仍是一项重大挑战。目前只筛选出了两个核转基因 N. lugens 抗性植物的目标基因。重要的是,在以前的研究中,通过对模式生物重要基因的了解,每次都只能筛选出一个或几个抗 N. lugens 的潜在靶基因:结果:研究人员通过同源性比较,在全基因组范围内对潜在的抗 N. lugens 靶基因进行了硅学筛选。通过基因组同源性比较,发现黑腹果蝇基因组中约有 3.5% 与 N. lugens 基因组具有保守的基因组同源性。通过利用N. lugens蛋白来搜索定义致死或不育表型的黑腹果蝇同源物,首先筛选出358个N. lugens基因作为推定靶基因。从 358 个推测靶基因中随机选择基因(NlRan 或 NlSRP54)表达 dsRNA 的转基因水稻品系增强了对 N. lugens 的抗性。经过表达检查和安全性检查,115 个 N. lugens 基因被筛选为潜在的候选靶基因:本研究的综合努力首先提供了一种基于全基因组同源性的 RNAi 抗 N. lugens 靶基因的硅学筛选方法,这不仅为在感兴趣的害虫中批量筛选潜在靶标候选基因提供了一个新机会,而且通过提供一百多个潜在靶标候选基因,将有助于在许多害虫物种中筛选 RNAi 靶标。
{"title":"Genome-wide selection of potential target candidates for RNAi against Nilaparvata lugens.","authors":"Zhang Jinshi, Li Mei, Lian Jinjin, Zhang Weilin","doi":"10.1186/s12864-024-10940-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12864-024-10940-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nilaparvata lugens is one of the most destructive pests of rice. RNAi-based N. lugens control offers one alternative strategy to traditional chemical insecticides. However, selection of potential target for RNAi against N. lugens remains a major challenge. Only two target genes for nuclear transgenic N. lugens-resistant plants have been screened. Importantly, only one or few potential target genes against N. lugens were screened every time by knowledge of essential genes from model organisms in previous study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, in silico genome-wide selection of potential target genes against N. lugens through homology comparison was performed. Through genome synteny comparisons, about 3.5% of Drosophila melanogaster genome was found to have conserved genomic synteny with N. lugens genome. By using N. lugens proteins to search D. melanogaster homologs defining lethal or sterile phenotype, 358 N. lugens genes were first screened as putative target genes. Transgenic rice lines expressing dsRNA of randomly selected gene (NlRan or NlSRP54) from 358 putative target genes enhanced resistance to N. lugens. After expression check and safety check, 115 N. lugens genes were screened as potential target candidates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined efforts in this study firstly provide one in silico genome-wide homology-based screening approach for RNAi-based target genes against N. lugens, which not only offer one new opportunity to batch select potential target candidates in pests of interest, but also will facilitate the selection of RNAi target in many pest species by providing more than one hundred potential target candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":9030,"journal":{"name":"BMC Genomics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative genomics of Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67 and N67C: genome-wide polymorphisms, differential gene expression, and drug resistance. 尼日利亚疟原虫 N67 和 N67C 的比较基因组学:全基因组多态性、不同基因表达和耐药性。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10961-4
Jian Wu, Cihan Oguz, Awet Alem Teklemichael, Fangzheng Xu, Rachel V Stadler, Amuza Byaruhanga Lucky, Shengfa Liu, Osamu Kaneko, Justin Lack, Xin-Zhuan Su

Background: The study of rodent malaria parasites has significantly advanced our understanding of malaria parasite biology and host responses to parasite infections. There are four well-characterized rodent malaria parasite species (Plasmodium yoelii, P. chabaudi, P. berghei, and P. vinckei). Each species also has multiple strains that cause different disease phenotypes. P. yoelii nigeriensis N67C and N67, two isogenic parasites, are particularly intriguing as they differ in virulence and incite different immune responses in mice. The genome of the N67 parasite has been assembled recently, but not that of N67C. This study used PacBio HiFi sequencing data to assemble the N67C genome, compared the two genomes, and performed RNA sequencing to identify polymorphisms and differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Results: The assembled N67C parasite genome consisted of 16 scaffolds and three contigs of approximately 22.5 Mb with 100% and 96.6% completeness based on well-characterized single-copy orthologs specific to the Apicomplexa phylum and the Plasmodium genus, respectively. A comparison between the annotated N67C and N67 genomes revealed 133 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 75 indels. Among the polymorphic sites, an S (N67) to N (N67C) amino acid substitution at position 114 (S114N) in the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) confers resistance to pyrimethamine in mice. Additionally, 60 differentially expressed single-copy genes (DEGs) were detected after comparing mRNA levels between the two parasites. Starting with the predicted and annotated 5,681 N67C and 5,749 N67 genes, we identified 4,641 orthogroups that included at least one gene from the four P. yoelii parasites (N67, N67C, 17X, and YM), whereas 758 orthogroups showed subspecies or strain-specific patterns.

Conclusion: The identification of polymorphic sites between the N67 and N67C genomes, along with the detection of the DEGs, may provide crucial insights into the variations in parasite drug responses and disease severity between these two isogenic parasites. The functional characterization of these genetic differences and candidate genes will deepen our understanding of disease mechanisms and pave the way for developing more effective control measures against malaria.

背景:对啮齿类疟原虫的研究极大地促进了我们对疟原虫生物学和宿主对寄生虫感染反应的了解。目前有四种特征明确的啮齿类疟原虫(Plasmodium yoelii、P. chabaudi、P. berghei 和 P. vinckei)。每种疟原虫都有多种菌株,可导致不同的疾病表型。P. yoelii nigeriensis N67C 和 N67 是两种同源寄生虫,它们的毒力不同,在小鼠体内引起的免疫反应也不同,因此特别引人关注。N67 寄生虫的基因组最近已经组装完成,但 N67C 的基因组尚未组装完成。本研究利用 PacBio HiFi 测序数据组装了 N67C 基因组,比较了两个基因组,并进行了 RNA 测序以确定多态性和差异表达基因(DEGs):组装的N67C寄生虫基因组由16个支架和3个等位基因组成,长度约为22.5 Mb,基于表征良好的单拷贝直向同源物,其完整性分别为100%和96.6%。通过比较注释的 N67C 和 N67 基因组,发现了 133 个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)和 75 个嵌合位点。在多态性位点中,二氢叶酸还原酶-胸苷酸合成酶(DHFR-TS)第114位(S114N)上的S(N67)到N(N67C)氨基酸替换使小鼠对嘧啶胺产生抗药性。此外,通过比较两种寄生虫的 mRNA 水平,还检测到了 60 个差异表达的单拷贝基因(DEG)。从预测和注释的5,681个N67C基因和5,749个N67基因开始,我们确定了4,641个正交群,其中至少包括来自四种P. yoelii寄生虫(N67、N67C、17X和YM)的一个基因,而758个正交群显示出亚种或菌株特异性模式:结论:N67 和 N67C 基因组之间多态位点的鉴定以及 DEGs 的检测,可为了解这两种同源寄生虫之间寄生虫药物反应和疾病严重程度的差异提供重要信息。这些遗传差异和候选基因的功能特征将加深我们对疾病机理的了解,并为制定更有效的疟疾控制措施铺平道路。
{"title":"Comparative genomics of Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67 and N67C: genome-wide polymorphisms, differential gene expression, and drug resistance.","authors":"Jian Wu, Cihan Oguz, Awet Alem Teklemichael, Fangzheng Xu, Rachel V Stadler, Amuza Byaruhanga Lucky, Shengfa Liu, Osamu Kaneko, Justin Lack, Xin-Zhuan Su","doi":"10.1186/s12864-024-10961-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12864-024-10961-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study of rodent malaria parasites has significantly advanced our understanding of malaria parasite biology and host responses to parasite infections. There are four well-characterized rodent malaria parasite species (Plasmodium yoelii, P. chabaudi, P. berghei, and P. vinckei). Each species also has multiple strains that cause different disease phenotypes. P. yoelii nigeriensis N67C and N67, two isogenic parasites, are particularly intriguing as they differ in virulence and incite different immune responses in mice. The genome of the N67 parasite has been assembled recently, but not that of N67C. This study used PacBio HiFi sequencing data to assemble the N67C genome, compared the two genomes, and performed RNA sequencing to identify polymorphisms and differentially expressed genes (DEGs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The assembled N67C parasite genome consisted of 16 scaffolds and three contigs of approximately 22.5 Mb with 100% and 96.6% completeness based on well-characterized single-copy orthologs specific to the Apicomplexa phylum and the Plasmodium genus, respectively. A comparison between the annotated N67C and N67 genomes revealed 133 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 75 indels. Among the polymorphic sites, an S (N67) to N (N67C) amino acid substitution at position 114 (S114N) in the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) confers resistance to pyrimethamine in mice. Additionally, 60 differentially expressed single-copy genes (DEGs) were detected after comparing mRNA levels between the two parasites. Starting with the predicted and annotated 5,681 N67C and 5,749 N67 genes, we identified 4,641 orthogroups that included at least one gene from the four P. yoelii parasites (N67, N67C, 17X, and YM), whereas 758 orthogroups showed subspecies or strain-specific patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identification of polymorphic sites between the N67 and N67C genomes, along with the detection of the DEGs, may provide crucial insights into the variations in parasite drug responses and disease severity between these two isogenic parasites. The functional characterization of these genetic differences and candidate genes will deepen our understanding of disease mechanisms and pave the way for developing more effective control measures against malaria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9030,"journal":{"name":"BMC Genomics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integrative multi-omics analysis of chilling stress in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). 南瓜寒冷胁迫的多组学综合分析
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10939-2
Fengmei Li, Bobo Liu, Hui Zhang, Jiuming Zhang, Jinling Cai, Jian Cui

Background: Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is an important vegetable crop that often suffers from low-temperature stress during growth. However, the molecular mechanism involved in its response to chilling stress remains unknown. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the effect of chilling stress in pumpkin seedlings by conducting physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses.

Results: Under chilling stress, there was an overall increase in relative electrical conductivity, along with malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents, but decreased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities and chlorophyll contents in seedling leaves compared with controls. Overall, 5,780 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 178 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified under chilling stress. Most DEGs were involved in plant hormone signal transduction and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, and ERF, bHLH, WRKY, MYB, and HSF transcription factors were induced. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the contents of salicylic acid (SA), phenylalanine, and tyrosine increased in response to chilling stress. The findings indicated that the SA signaling and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways are key to regulating the responses to chilling stress in pumpkins.

Conclusion: Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the comprehensive response of C. moschata to chilling stress, enriching the theoretical basis of this mechanism and facilitating the development of molecular breeding strategies for pumpkin tolerance to chilling stress.

背景:南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)是一种重要的蔬菜作物,在生长过程中经常遭受低温胁迫。然而,南瓜对低温胁迫响应的分子机制仍不清楚。本研究通过对南瓜幼苗进行生理、转录组学和代谢组学分析,全面研究了寒冷胁迫对南瓜幼苗的影响:结果:与对照组相比,在寒冷胁迫条件下,南瓜幼苗叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量总体上升,但超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性以及叶绿素含量下降。在寒冷胁迫下,共鉴定出 5,780 个差异表达基因(DEGs)和 178 个差异表达代谢物(DEMs)。大多数 DEGs 参与植物激素信号转导和苯丙类生物合成途径,ERF、bHLH、WRKY、MYB 和 HSF 转录因子被诱导。代谢组分析表明,水杨酸(SA)、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸的含量随着寒冷胁迫的发生而增加。研究结果表明,水杨酸信号转导和苯丙氨酸生物合成途径是调控南瓜对寒冷胁迫反应的关键:总之,我们的研究为了解南瓜对寒冷胁迫的综合响应提供了有价值的见解,丰富了这一机制的理论基础,有助于制定南瓜耐寒冷胁迫的分子育种策略。
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引用次数: 0
Genome wide identification and characterization of Bax inhibitor-1 gene family in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under biotic and abiotic stress. 生物和非生物胁迫下黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)中 Bax 抑制剂-1 基因家族的全基因组鉴定和特征描述。
IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10704-5
Samia Anwar, Riffat Siddique, Shakeel Ahmad, Muhammad Zeshan Haider, Haider Ali, Adnan Sami, Rosa Sanchez Lucas, Muhammad Shafiq, Bader Un Nisa, Bilal Javed, Jannat Akram, Javaria Tabassum, Muhammad Arshad Javed

In plants, the BAX inhibitor-1 (BI-1) gene plays a crucial part in controlling cell death under stress conditions. This mechanism of Programmed Cell Death (PCD) is genetically regulated and is crucial for the elimination of unwanted or damaged cells in a controlled manner, which is essential for normal development and tissue maintenance. A study on cucumber identified and characterized five BI-1 genes: CsBI1, CsBI2, CsBI3, CsBI4, and CsBI5. These genes share conserved domains, indicating common evolutionary history and function. Physicochemical analysis revealed their molecular weights and isoelectric points, while subcellular localization showed their presence in different cellular compartments. The phylogenetic analysis highlighted evolutionary relationships with related crops. Chromosomal distribution and synteny analysis suggested segmental or tandem duplications within the gene family. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed extensive interactions with other cucumber proteins. Cis-regulatory elements in the promoter regions provided insights into potential functions and transcriptional regulation. miRNAs showed diverse regulatory mechanisms, including mRNA cleavage and translational inhibition. The CsBI3, CsBI4 and CsBI5 genes exhibit elevated expression levels during cold stress, suggesting their vital involvement in cucumber plant defense mechanisms. The application of chitosan oligosaccharides externally confirms their distinct expression patterns. The qRT-PCR confirms the upregulation of CsBI genes in ToLCNDV-infected plants, indicating their potential to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses. The comprehensive genome-wide exploration provides opportunities for the development of cold-tolerant and virus-resistant cucumber variants by traditional breeding or gene.

在植物中,BAX 抑制剂-1(BI-1)基因在胁迫条件下控制细胞死亡方面起着至关重要的作用。这种程序性细胞死亡(PCD)机制受基因调控,对于以可控方式消除不需要的或受损细胞至关重要,而这对于正常发育和组织维护至关重要。一项关于黄瓜的研究确定并描述了五个 BI-1 基因:CsBI1、CsBI2、CsBI3、CsBI4 和 CsBI5。这些基因共享保守结构域,表明它们具有共同的进化历史和功能。理化分析显示了它们的分子量和等电点,而亚细胞定位则表明它们存在于不同的细胞区。系统进化分析强调了与相关作物的进化关系。染色体分布和同源染色体分析表明,该基因家族存在节段或串联重复。蛋白-蛋白相互作用分析表明,该基因与其他黄瓜蛋白之间存在广泛的相互作用。启动子区域的顺式调控元件提供了对潜在功能和转录调控的深入了解。CsBI3、CsBI4和CsBI5基因在冷胁迫期间的表达水平升高,表明它们在黄瓜植物防御机制中的重要作用。壳聚糖寡糖的外部应用证实了它们不同的表达模式。qRT-PCR 证实了 CsBI 基因在 ToLCNDV 感染植株中的上调,表明它们具有缓解生物和非生物胁迫的潜力。这次全基因组范围的全面探索为通过传统育种或基因培育耐寒和抗病毒黄瓜变种提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
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BMC Genomics
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