BMC Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Females with diabetes have a higher risk of ischemic stroke readmission: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Hua Meng, Ting Pan, Dongfeng Pan, Xinya Su, Wenwen Lu, Xingtian Wang, Zhuo Liu, Yuhui Geng, Xiaojuan Ma, Peifeng Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20006-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20006-w","url":null,"abstract":"There are significant sex differences in the incidence of stroke or diabetes mellitus. However, little is known about sex differences in stroke rehospitalization among diabetic patients. To explore the sex differences in short-term and long-term rehospitalization of ischemic stroke patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2017 to 2021. The rehospitalization events of ischemic stroke patients with diabetes mellitus were identified by the national unified Electronic Health Record. Propensity score matching was applied to adjust for multiple covariates, and LASSO regression was used to screen for independent variables. Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to analyze the different sex in short-term (90 days, 1 year) and long-term (5 years) rehospitalization in ischemic stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 10,724 ischemic stroke patients were included in this study, of whom 5,952 (55.5%) were males. After a 1:1 propensity score matching, there were 3,460 males and 2,772 females. After adjusting for confounding factors, female patients with type 2 diabetes had an increased risk of ischemic stroke rehospitalization at 90 days (HR: 1.94, 95%CI: 1.13–3.33, P < 0.05), 1 year (HR: 1.65, 95%CI:1.22–2.23, P = 0.001), and 5 years (HR: 1.58, 95%CI: 1.26–1.97, P < 0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between male patients with type 2 diabetes and the risk of ischemic stroke rehospitalization, either in the short or long term. Females with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of ischemic stroke rehospitalization in both the short-term and long-term.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health assessments of refugee minors arriving in Norway – a modified Delphi study among health professionals in primary care settings","authors":"Cecilie Dangmann, Annette Løvheim Kleppang, Marja Leonhardt","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19871-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19871-2","url":null,"abstract":"Refugee minors are considered particularly vulnerable to negative health consequences from war, flight and resettlement. Offering health assessments after arrival in a host country could uncover unmet health needs and provide access to treatment. In Norway, a national guide describes these assessments, but little is known about its implementation especially for refugee minors. Thus, the aim of this study was first to explore how health assessments of refugee minors are carried out, second how health professionals perceive the needs of refugee minors and third, the competencies they perceive as necessary to meet the needs of refugee minors. A modified Delphi study in three rounds was conducted using online surveys and one focus group to collect data on the needs and resources of refugee minors, essential factors for a good and health assessment practice. Participants were 54 health professionals responsible for early health assessments of refugee minors, throughout the Norwegian municipalities, working in primary care settings. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively, and qualitative data with content analysis. Health assessments of refugee minors were predominantly conducted by public health nurses, but the organisational structures surrounding assessments varied greatly according to the size of the municipalities and to how much resources were allocated. The feeling of safety was found to be paramount to ensure a good start in a new country for refugee minors. The top four competences professionals should have, were ‘general communication skills’, a ‘health professional background’, ‘expertise in children’s health’ and ‘knowledge about the national guide’. To ensure good health services for refugee minors, improved, more comprehensive, and mandatory directives for children and young individuals was highlighted. Although most refugee minors were invited and attend health assessments, one third of participating municipalities did not offer health assessments to all newcomers and the organisation and content of the assessments were diverse. Several topics, especially mental health, were postponed or not routinely addressed, contrasting with current knowledge of unmet health needs for this group. Missing documentation, practical barriers and providing general health information took time away from doing the actual assessments. The perceived needs of refugee minors were safety and stability, combined with meaningful activities, thus a coordinated effort from several services is necessary. Suggestions for improvements were more time given to assessments, better organisation and co-operation, improved competence and guidelines adjusted for age.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes in people with past history of COVID-19 in northeastern Nigeria","authors":"Roland I. Stephen, Jennifer A. Tyndall, Hsing-yu Hsu, Jing Sun, Nura Umaru, Jamiu S. Olumoh, Oyelola A. Adegboye, Olah U. Owobi, Todd T. Brown","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19854-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19854-3","url":null,"abstract":"An increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) after COVID-19 has been reported in the United States, Europe, and Asia. The burden of COVID-related DM has yet to be described in Africa, where the overall risk of DM has been increasing rapidly. Our objective was to compare the prevalence of pre-DM and DM in Nigerian individuals with a history of COVID-19 to individuals without known COVID-19 infection. We undertook a retrospective cohort study with 256 individuals with a past medical history of COVID-19 with no history of pre-DM or DM and 256 individuals without a history of COVID-19 or pre-DM/DM. Participants were categorized as pre-DM (fasting capillary glucose 100–125 mg/dL) or DM (fasting capillary glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL). We employed univariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify key predictors and adjust for confounders related to hyperglycaemia risk factors. Additionally, we used multinomial logistic regression to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 history and diabetes status, distinguishing between normal, pre-diabetic, and diabetic glucose levels. All models were adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, physical activity, central adiposity, and family history of DM. Compared to the control group, those with a history of COVID-19 had a similar median age (38 vs. 40 years, p = 0.84), had a higher proportion of men (63% vs. 49%), and had a lower prevalence of central adiposity (waist: hip ratio ≥ 0.90 for males and WHR ≥ 0.85 for females) (48% vs. 56.3%, p = 0.06). Of the 256 with a history of COVID-19, 44 (17%) required in-patient care. The median (interquartile range) time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and the glycaemic assessment was 19 (IQR: 14, 24) months. Pre-DM prevalence was 27% in the post-COVID-19 group and 4% in the control group, whereas the prevalence of DM was 7% in the post-COVID-19 group and 2% in the control group. After multivariable adjustment, the odds of pre-DM were 8.12 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.98, 16.58; p < 0.001) higher, and the odds of DM were 3.97 (95% CI: 1.16, 13.63) higher in those with a history of COVID-19 compared to controls. In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, individuals with a history of COVID-19 exhibited significantly elevated risks for pre-diabetes (RRR = 7.55, 95% CI: 3.76–15.17) and diabetes (RRR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.01–11.71) compared to those without COVID-19. Previous COVID-19 was found to be a risk factor for prevalent pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus in Nigeria. More intensive screening for DM in those with a history of COVID-19 should be considered.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Long COVID impacts: the voices and views of diverse Black and Latinx residents in Massachusetts","authors":"Linda Sprague Martinez, Nihaarika Sharma, Janice John, Tracy A. Battaglia, Benjamin P. Linas, Cheryl R. Clark, Linda B. Hudson, Rebecca Lobb, Gillian Betz, Shayne Orion Ojala O’Neill, Angelo Lima, Ross Doty, Syeeda Rahman, Ingrid V. Bassett","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19890-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19890-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BMC Public Health (2024) 24:2265&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19567-7&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the publication process an error was introduced in 1 author name of the original publication. The incorrect and correct information is listed in this correction article, the original article has been updated. The publisher apologizes to the authors &amp; readers for the inconvenience caused.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Incorrect&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ingrid V. Boston&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Correct&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ingrid V. Bassett&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Authors and Affiliations&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Health Disparities Institute, UConn Health, 241 Main Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Linda Sprague Martinez &amp; Gillian Betz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Linda Sprague Martinez&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boston University School of Social Work, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nihaarika Sharma &amp; Shayne Orion Ojala O’Neill&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Janice John&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tracy A. Battaglia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Benjamin P. Linas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cheryl R. Clark&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tufts University School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Linda B. Hudson&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boston University Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rebecca Lobb&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Archipelago Strategies Group, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Angelo Lima, Ross Doty &amp; Syeeda Rahman&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ingrid V. Bassett&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;span&gt;Authors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Linda Sprague Martinez&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nihaarika Sharma&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Janice John&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Tracy A. Battaglia&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Benjamin P. Linas&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Cheryl R. Clark&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Linda B. Hudson&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Rebecca Lobb&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You ","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning for life, friendships and relationships from the perspective of children and young people with intellectual disabilities: findings from a UK wide qualitative study","authors":"Michael Brown, Mark Linden, Lynne Marsh, Maria Truesdale, Fintan Sheerin, Freda McCormick","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19972-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19972-y","url":null,"abstract":"Relationships and sexuality education (RSE) programmes are widely taught in schools, however for children and young people with intellectual disabilities, these programmes appear to be limited regarding information on relationships, informed choices and decision making. The purpose of this study was to seek the views and understanding of children and young people with intellectual disabilities, and those involved in their care and education, to identify best practice and approaches to the delivery on relationships and sexuality education. This study used a qualitative design with 37 pupils from five special schools from across the United Kingdom (UK) participating. In-depth semi-structured interviews were held online, or in person. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were anonymised, assigned a pseudonym and subjected to inductive thematic analysis. Four themes emerged from the data: (i) enthusiasm and inquisitiveness to acquire knowledge; (ii) dynamics of positive friendships; (iii) experiences and understanding of supportive relationships and sexuality; and (iv) valuing the exchange of knowledge and information. The findings highlight that children and young people with intellectual disabilities want education, support and information on matters relating to their relationships and sexuality. This is the largest study to date providing a voice to children and young people with intellectual disabilities regarding their relationships and sexuality. While special schools provide relationships and sexuality education, there is a requirement for a programme and resources specific to the needs of pupils with intellectual disabilities to be developed and evaluated. Such education should continue beyond school and be embedded in adult services.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experts’ views on the implementation of digital interventions for eating disorders: a Delphi study","authors":"Diana Lemmer, Gwendolyn Mayer, Pauline Schrader, Ina Michelsen, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Stephanie Bauer","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19989-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19989-3","url":null,"abstract":"Eating disorders (EDs) constitute a considerable burden for individuals and society, but adequate and timely professional treatment is rare. Evidence-based Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) have the potential both to reduce this treatment gap and to increase treatment effectiveness. However, their integration into routine care is lacking. Understanding practitioners’ attitudes towards DMHIs for EDs is crucial for their effective use. To investigate the consensus among German ED treatment experts on the relevance of different influencing factors for DMHI use in EDs. This Delphi study consisted of two rounds and was conducted online with an initial sample of N = 24 ED experts (Mage=41.96, SDage=9.92, n = 22 female). Prior to the Delphi rounds, semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews were performed to explore participants’ attitudes, experiences, and expectations towards DMHIs. In order to construct the Delphi survey, content analysis was applied to a subset of ten interviews. A total of 63 influencing factors were identified and grouped into three main categories: contextual conditions, design, and content of DMHIs. In both Delphi rounds, the interview participants were subsequently invited to rate each of the factors with regard to their importance on 10-point scales. Group percentages and individual ratings of the first round (n = 23) were presented in the second round (n = 21). Consensus was calculated for each item (defined as IQR ≤ 2). Importance ratings were high across items (M = 7.88, SD = 2.07, Mdn = 8). In the first round, 48% of the items reached consensus, with its most important (Mdn = 10) factors referring to data security, evidence base, technical requirements, usability, and specific DMHI content (psychoeducation, crisis intervention). In the second Delphi round, a consensus was reached on 73% of the items. No consensus was reached on 17 items. The findings on practitioners’ attitudes and priorities have relevant implications for subsequent DMHI development, dissemination, and implementation strategies, indicating that the highest-rated factors should be highlighted in the process.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work hours and the risk of hypertension: the case of Indonesia","authors":"Friska Aulia Dewi Andini, Adiatma Y. M. Siregar","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20003-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20003-z","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals working excessive hours is a worldwide phenomenon. In Indonesia, over 32 million people work more than 40 h per week, contributing to around 26% of the workforce. Excessive working may affect health, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Hypertension affected around 34% of Indonesian adults, approximately 63.3 million people and led to about 427,000 deaths in 2018, and the prevalence remains high at 29.2% in 2023. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work hours and the risk of hypertension among working individuals in Indonesia. This study used a pooled cross-sectional data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 4 (2007) and wave 5 (2014) and performed a logit regression analysis to examine the likelihood of a working individual having hypertension based on the individual’s work hours. A dummy variable of hypertension is created based on the result of blood pressure measurement. The sample consists of 22,500 working individuals in Indonesia. This study controlled for job characteristics, sociodemographic status and health-behavioral risk factors such as BMI and smoking behavior, and performed additional regression analyses for alternative models to check for robustness. Our findings showed that there is a higher probability of having hypertension for workers who work longer hours by 0.06% points for each additional hour of work (p < 0.01). Other factors such as physical activity and smoking behavior have also been demonstrated to be significantly correlated to the risk of hypertension. This study revealed a positive relationship between work hours and hypertension. Although this study cannot suggest causality, the strongly significant correlation may provide an idea and an overview regarding the risk of hypertension among working individuals in Indonesia. The Indonesian government could consider conducting further studies to implement and promote flexible working arrangements initiatives and incentive programs to improve workers’ health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Norwegian adolescents’ substance use between 2014 and 2022: socioeconomic and gender differences","authors":"Arnhild Myhr, Renate K. Vesterbekkmo, Indira Samarawickrema, Erik R. Sund","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19983-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19983-9","url":null,"abstract":"Substance use is a global health concern and early onset among adolescents increases health risks. We explore national overall trends in prevalence and trends in socioeconomic inequalities in past year alcohol intoxication, cannabis use, and use of other illicit drugs among Norwegian adolescents (ages ∼ 15–19 years of age) between 2014 and 2022. The present study builds on data from a nationwide repeated cross-sectional survey collected in 2014–2016 (T1), 2017–2019 (T2), 2021 (T3) and 2022 (T4). In total 415,560 adolescents (50.3% girls) completed the questionnaire during the study period. Trends in socioeconomic inequalities were assessed using the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII). While the prevalence of alcohol intoxication remained fairly stable, the prevalence of cannabis and other illicit drug use increased between 2014 and 2022 among upper secondary school boys (13.3–17.6%, and 2.0–5.2%, respectively) and girls (8.8–12.8%, and 1.1–2.7%, respectively). Similar trends were observed among 10th-grade adolescents. Boys were more likely than girls to use cannabis or other illicit drugs, but the gender gap in cannabis use narrowed during the study period. Among upper secondary girls, use of cannabis and other illicit drugs was higher among those from less affluent backgrounds, with absolute and relative inequalities in cannabis use increasing between 2014 and 2022. Small inequalities in cannabis use and decreasing relative inequalities in the use of other illicit drug were observed among upper secondary boys. The increasing use of cannabis and other illicit drugs among Norwegian adolescents is concerning. Future studies should explore the underlying causes of this rise and explore the complex factors influencing adolescent substance use behaviours. A comprehensive understanding of these factors is essential for developing targeted and effective interventions.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of chlamydia and gonorrhea infections by anatomic sites among men who have sex with men in south China: a surveillance analysis from 2018 to 2022","authors":"Wenqian Xu, Haiyi Li, Peizhen Zhao, Jinshen Wang, Peng Liang, Cheng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19987-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19987-5","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydia and gonorrhea notifications are rapidly rising in men who have sex with men (MSM). Currently, there are limited data on the prevalence of chlamydia and gonorrhea across various anatomical sites. Our study aimed to explore the prevalence, association and changing trends of urethral and rectal chlamydia and gonorrhea among MSM in Guangdong Province, China. We analyzed data among MSM attending sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinics in the Guangdong governmental sentinel network between 2018 and 2022. Chi-square tests were used to compare the difference, Join-point regressions for analyzing changing trends, and multivariate logistic regressions for examining associated factors. We included 4856 men in the analysis. Rectal chlamydia significantly increased from 13.8% to 26.4% over the past 5 years (average annual percentage change [AAPC] 19.2%, 95%CI 1.0-40.6, p = 0.043). After adjusting for covariates, chlamydia infection positively associated with main venue used to seek sexual partners (aOR = 2.31, 95%CI 1.17–4.55), having regular sexual partners in the past 6 months (aOR = 3.32, 95%CI 1.95–5.64), receiving HIV counselling and testing services (aOR = 2.94, 95%CI 1.67–5.17), receiving peer education (aOR = 1.80, 95%CI 1.14–2.83), infection with syphilis (aOR = 2.02, 95%CI 1.02–4.01) and infection with gonorrhea (aOR 7.04, 95% CI 3.01–16.48). Gonorrhea infection positively associated with having regular sexual partners in the past 6 months (aOR = 3.48.95%CI 1.16–10.49), and infection with chlamydia (aOR 7.03, 95% CI 2.99–16.51). To conclude, our findings reveal a high prevalence of chlamydia infections among MSM, particularly in the rectal area. Comprehensive chlamydia and gonorrhea health services are necessary for MSM to improve sexual health.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of socioeconomic factors on malnutrition in Syrian children aged 0–6 years living in Turkey: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Vasfiye Bayram Değer, Sema Çifçi, Melikşah Ertem","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-19791-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19791-1","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of malnutrition in Syrian immigrant children living in Turkey. The study was carried out in the city of Mardin, which is one of the cities with a high Syrian immigrant population in Turkey. Height, body weight and BMI values were recorded to determine the malnutrition status of the children. Z-scores of children were calculated using the malnutrition assessment WHOAntro program. The data show that 30.5% of Syrian children between the ages of 0 and 6 months are male, making up 55.8% of the total, and that 55.3% do not follow a regular breakfast schedule. The percentages of body weight for height, height for age, and BMI for age of Syrian children with a score between − 2 and + 2 SD Number were (89.3%), (74.3%), and (79.3%), respectively. Girls are more likely than boys to experience stunting and low body weight in the context of Syrian children (Stunting OR: 0.855(0.761–1.403), Underweight OR: 0.705(0.609-1,208)). Additionally, there is a link between levels of stunting and underweight and elements like the mother’s educational level and the family’s income. Contrary to the situation of adequate nutrition, it was discovered that the likelihood of stunting and low body weight in children increased by 0.809 and 1.039 times, respectively, when access to an adequate food supply was not available within the family (p < 0.05). s According to the results of the study, gender, family income, mother’s education level and access to food affected the severity of malnutrition in children. Migration is an imporatnt factor affecting children’s health. In this study malnutrition was found high im immigrant children. Programs should be developed to monitor the growth and development of disadvantaged children and to support their nutrition.","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}