Abstract Peripheral vestibular dysfunction is a relatively common cause of dizziness, oscillopsia, and imbalance. These symptoms diminish the quality of life of the affected individual while contributing significantly to medical care costs. Incorporation of functional measures of the vestibulo-ocular reflex and vestibulo-spinal reflex are considered here as a way to improve identification and ultimately management of patients with uncompensated peripheral vestibulopathy. Specifically, tests of dynamic visual acuity and postural stability are discussed. Once correctly identified, vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) offers an excellent option for amelioration of the symptoms of these patients. The principles of VRT are also discussed.
{"title":"Functional Assessment and Management of Peripheral Vestibulopathy","authors":"Richard A. Roberts","doi":"10.1044/HHD13.2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD13.2.40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Peripheral vestibular dysfunction is a relatively common cause of dizziness, oscillopsia, and imbalance. These symptoms diminish the quality of life of the affected individual while contributing significantly to medical care costs. Incorporation of functional measures of the vestibulo-ocular reflex and vestibulo-spinal reflex are considered here as a way to improve identification and ultimately management of patients with uncompensated peripheral vestibulopathy. Specifically, tests of dynamic visual acuity and postural stability are discussed. Once correctly identified, vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) offers an excellent option for amelioration of the symptoms of these patients. The principles of VRT are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"54 1","pages":"40-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85160160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Falls in the elderly result in significant morbidity and mortality. They also may represent sentinel events suggesting a significant change in the health of an elderly patient. Aside from ...
老年人跌倒导致显著的发病率和死亡率。它们也可能是提示老年患者健康发生重大变化的前哨事件。除了…
{"title":"Assessment of Falls Risk in the Balance Disorders Laboratory","authors":"G. Jacobson","doi":"10.1044/HHD13.2.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD13.2.54","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Falls in the elderly result in significant morbidity and mortality. They also may represent sentinel events suggesting a significant change in the health of an elderly patient. Aside from ...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"18 1","pages":"54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90682205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract One of the most common complaints expressed by individuals with hearing loss is difficulty understanding speech when listening in background noise. This review paper highlights the importance of measuring speech recognition in noise and provides a guide to the basics of speech-in-noise testing. Topics included in this review paper along with relevant research findings are (a) discussion regarding the two components of hearing loss and their relation to understanding speech, (b) speech-recognition performance in quiet and in background noise, and (c) speech-in-noise testing methodology to include type of paradigm, type of noise, and type of stimulus.
{"title":"Speech Perception in Noise: The Basics","authors":"R. McArdle, Richard H. Wilson","doi":"10.1044/HHD13.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD13.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the most common complaints expressed by individuals with hearing loss is difficulty understanding speech when listening in background noise. This review paper highlights the importance of measuring speech recognition in noise and provides a guide to the basics of speech-in-noise testing. Topics included in this review paper along with relevant research findings are (a) discussion regarding the two components of hearing loss and their relation to understanding speech, (b) speech-recognition performance in quiet and in background noise, and (c) speech-in-noise testing methodology to include type of paradigm, type of noise, and type of stimulus.","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"62 1","pages":"4-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80307590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine how noise influences first language (L1) speech perception in noise in bilingual listeners with varying second language (L2) proficiency. The Kor...
{"title":"Effects of Noise on Bilingual Listeners’ First Language (L1) Speech Perception","authors":"D. V. Hapsburg, Junghwa Bahng","doi":"10.1044/HHD13.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD13.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine how noise influences first language (L1) speech perception in noise in bilingual listeners with varying second language (L2) proficiency. The Kor...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"27 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80683408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The growth of the Hispanic population in the United States is resulting in a higher number of bilingual patients seen in audiology clinics. Clinicians should be aware of the effects of bil...
美国西班牙裔人口的增长导致听力学诊所中双语患者的数量增加。临床医生应该意识到比尔的影响……
{"title":"A Review of the Effects of Bilingualism on Speech Recognition Performance","authors":"Mitzarie A Carlo","doi":"10.1044/HHD13.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD13.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The growth of the Hispanic population in the United States is resulting in a higher number of bilingual patients seen in audiology clinics. Clinicians should be aware of the effects of bil...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"8 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86648733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Human hearing is both sensitive and highly adaptive leading to culturally influenced and highly personal responses to sound. Unwanted sound is generally referred to as noise. Sound at inte...
{"title":"Hospital Noise: Risk to Health and Safety","authors":"Diana S. Pope","doi":"10.1044/HHD12.2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD12.2.40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Human hearing is both sensitive and highly adaptive leading to culturally influenced and highly personal responses to sound. Unwanted sound is generally referred to as noise. Sound at inte...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"4 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73129103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract It is estimated that 30 million Americans are exposed to hazardous noise levels at work (Stephenson et al., 2003). The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 created two separate agencies dedicated to promoting worker health and safety: the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Research at NIOSH informs OSHA regulations. This report comprises an interview with Mark Stephenson, PhD, Scientific Research Coordinator for the NIOSH noise and hearing loss research program. He provides insights into the latest advances in hearing conservation practices, what works and why. Current hearing conservation practices developed at NIOSH and not yet mandated by OSHA use methods borrowed from evidence-based health communication theories to change the ways individuals view the problem of noise exposure, eliminate barriers that prevent effective hearing protector use, and create a culture of self-efficacy with respect to hear...
{"title":"Advances in Hearing Conservation Practices: An Interview With Mark Stephenson","authors":"D. Konrad‐Martin","doi":"10.1044/HHD12.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD12.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is estimated that 30 million Americans are exposed to hazardous noise levels at work (Stephenson et al., 2003). The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 created two separate agencies dedicated to promoting worker health and safety: the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Research at NIOSH informs OSHA regulations. This report comprises an interview with Mark Stephenson, PhD, Scientific Research Coordinator for the NIOSH noise and hearing loss research program. He provides insights into the latest advances in hearing conservation practices, what works and why. Current hearing conservation practices developed at NIOSH and not yet mandated by OSHA use methods borrowed from evidence-based health communication theories to change the ways individuals view the problem of noise exposure, eliminate barriers that prevent effective hearing protector use, and create a culture of self-efficacy with respect to hear...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"52 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89660226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Exposure to certain organic solvents, or cationic drugs, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, can induce permanent hearing loss. High intensity and/or prolonged exposure to noise can also cause temporary or permanent auditory threshold shifts. Individually, each of these insults can induce auditory dysfunction, though the mechanisms by which they do so are still poorly understood. Each insult produces reactive oxygen species, a common precursor of events that lead to hearing loss and deafness. Simultaneous exposure to chemical ototoxins and noise potentiates auditory dysfunction that is greater than the sum of each insult given individually. Preventing the ototoxic synergy of noise and chemical ototoxins requires removing exposure to ototoxins and/or attenuating noise exposure levels when chemical ototoxins are present.
{"title":"Synergistic Ototoxicity of Noise and Chemical Ototoxins","authors":"P. Steyger","doi":"10.1044/HHD12.2.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD12.2.48","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Exposure to certain organic solvents, or cationic drugs, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, can induce permanent hearing loss. High intensity and/or prolonged exposure to noise can also cause temporary or permanent auditory threshold shifts. Individually, each of these insults can induce auditory dysfunction, though the mechanisms by which they do so are still poorly understood. Each insult produces reactive oxygen species, a common precursor of events that lead to hearing loss and deafness. Simultaneous exposure to chemical ototoxins and noise potentiates auditory dysfunction that is greater than the sum of each insult given individually. Preventing the ototoxic synergy of noise and chemical ototoxins requires removing exposure to ototoxins and/or attenuating noise exposure levels when chemical ototoxins are present.","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"5 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77207067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In normal-hearing subjects, distortion product otoacoustic emissions display a distinct pattern of amplitude and phase variation when measured with high frequency resolution. This pattern,...
{"title":"DPOAE Fine Structure, Suppression, and Influence on Clinical Decision-Making","authors":"L. Shaffer","doi":"10.1044/HHD12.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD12.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In normal-hearing subjects, distortion product otoacoustic emissions display a distinct pattern of amplitude and phase variation when measured with high frequency resolution. This pattern,...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"91 1","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76225481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are tiny acoustic signals that can be measured in the ear canal using a sensitive microphone. They are believed to be a byproduct of outer hair cell electro-mo...
{"title":"Suppression of Otoacoustic Emissions: An Overview","authors":"D. Velenovsky","doi":"10.1044/HHD12.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/HHD12.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are tiny acoustic signals that can be measured in the ear canal using a sensitive microphone. They are believed to be a byproduct of outer hair cell electro-mo...","PeriodicalId":90676,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on hearing and hearing disorders. Research and research diagnostics","volume":"117 1","pages":"4-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81093809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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