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Ginseng extract and its constituents alleviate cisplatin toxicity and reverse cisplatin resistance 人参提取物及其成分减轻顺铂毒性,逆转顺铂耐药
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000326
Jian Cai, Huihong Huang
Cisplatin (DDP) is one of most used anticancer agents. It has shown antitumor activity in testicular cancer, head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, malignant lymphoma and bladder cancer. It causes much toxicity such as skin and mucous membranes toxicity, ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity especially at higher dose, which might be involved with DNA damage and subsequently renal cell death. Ginseng is a group of cosmopolitan plants. As the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, ginseng is well known as a tonic medicine for restoring and enhancing human health. Ginseng extract contains numerous phytochemicals such as ginsenoside, phenols and acidic polysaccharides that have significant pharmacological activities. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that ginseng extract and its constituents are able to prevent cisplatin-induced toxicity through reducing the oxidative stress by restoring the antioxidant enzymes level and exerting anti-inflammatory effect. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a principal obstacle to successful cancer chemotherapy. Because of low toxicity and diversity of effect, ginseng extract constituents have been attached more and more attention in MDR reversal. Evidences showed that ginseng extract and its constituents are promising potential for cisplatin resistance in cancer treatment. *Correspondence to: Huihong Huang, Fengxian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 9588 Nanfeng Hwy, Shanghai 201400, China, E-mail: HYPERLINK "mailto:1142269435@qq.com" 1142269435@qq.com
顺铂(DDP)是最常用的抗癌药物之一。在睾丸癌、头颈癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、恶性淋巴瘤和膀胱癌中显示出抗肿瘤活性。特别是在高剂量时,可引起皮肤和粘膜毒性、耳毒性和肾毒性,可能涉及DNA损伤和随后的肾细胞死亡。人参是一种世界性的植物。人参是人参的根,作为一种恢复和增强人体健康的滋补药物而闻名。人参提取物含有大量的植物化学物质,如人参皂苷、酚类物质和酸性多糖,具有重要的药理活性。体内和体外研究表明,人参提取物及其成分能够通过恢复抗氧化酶水平,降低氧化应激,发挥抗炎作用,从而预防顺铂所致的毒性。多药耐药是癌症化疗成功的主要障碍。人参提取物因其毒性低、作用多样,在逆转耐多药方面越来越受到重视。证据表明,人参提取物及其成分在癌症治疗中具有良好的顺铂耐药潜力。*通讯:黄慧红,奉贤中医院,上海市南丰路9588号,邮编:201400,E-mail: HYPERLINK“mailto:1142269435@qq.com”1142269435@qq.com
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引用次数: 1
Is the rate of frozen section discordance affected by subspecialty sign out? A quality improvement study 冷冻切片不一致的比率是否受到亚专业签出的影响?质量改进研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000321
Joseph Blitman, B. Buscaglia, Christa L. Whitney-Miller, David Hicks, Aaron R. Huber
Background: Monitoring frozen section (FS) and final permanent section (PS) correlation is a valuable quality assurance metric in surgical pathology. The discordant FSs, at our institution, are categorized as minor if there is little or no perceived or actual clinical significance and major if there is major or potentially major clinical significance, which is determined by the final sign out pathologist. We sought to determine if the subspecialty sign out (SSSO) model, which was instituted in July of 2015, has adversely impacted our discordance rate. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the discordance rates (DRs) before (January 2012-June 2015) and after (July 2015-2017) SSSO. The monthly intraoperative consultation FS and PS correlation data were analyzed from January 2012 to January 2018. The DRs were compared for minor, major and combined disagreements (minor + major) before and after SSSO. Results: There were 7,045 total frozen sections with 2,989 after SSSO and 4,056 prior to SSSO, of which 139 had minor disagreements (74 prior to SSSO and 65 after SSSO) and 42 had major disagreements (26 prior to SSSO and 16 after SSSO). The average combined DRs per month; pre and post SSSO were 2.17 and 3.0, respectively. The difference was statistically significant for the minor (p=0.005), not statistically significant for the major (p=1) and statistically significant for the combined (p=0.014) disagreements. Conclusion: Our data shows that SSSO appears to increase FS discordance rates (minor and combined disagreements). This suggests that when adopting a SSSO model, maintaining competency with a wide array of specimens seen on a general intraoperative consultation service may be challenging and warrants careful monitoring of frozen and permanent section discrepancy rates.
背景:监测冷冻切片(FS)和最终永久切片(PS)的相关性是外科病理学中有价值的质量保证指标。在我们的机构,不一致的FSs被归类为轻微,如果没有或几乎没有感知或实际的临床意义,如果有重大或潜在的重大临床意义,这是由最终签出的病理学家确定的。我们试图确定2015年7月建立的亚专业签出(SSSO)模式是否对我们的不一致率产生了不利影响。方法:回顾性分析SSSO前(2012年1月- 2015年6月)和后(2015年7月-2017年7月)的不一致率(DRs)。分析2012年1月至2018年1月每月术中会诊FS与PS的相关数据。比较SSSO前后的轻微分歧、严重分歧和合并分歧(轻微+严重)的dr。结果:共7045例冷冻切片,其中术前2989例,术前4056例,其中轻度不一致139例(术前74例,术后65例),重度不一致42例(术前26例,术后16例)。每月的平均合并dr;SSSO前后分别为2.17和3.0。次要差异有统计学意义(p=0.005),主要差异无统计学意义(p=1),综合差异有统计学意义(p=0.014)。结论:我们的数据显示,SSSO似乎增加了FS不一致率(轻微和综合不一致)。这表明,当采用SSSO模型时,在一般术中咨询服务中保持广泛标本的能力可能具有挑战性,需要仔细监测冷冻和永久切片差异率。
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引用次数: 1
Phase transitions in tumor growth VII: The effect of periodic glucose pulses and privations in a cancer model 肿瘤生长的相变VII:肿瘤模型中周期性葡萄糖脉冲和匮乏的影响
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000301
Pomuceno-Orduñez Jp, E. Silva, R. Martin, I. Durán, M. Bizzarri, G. Cocho, R. Mansilla, J. Nieto-Villar
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引用次数: 3
Endoscopic application of clipping, over-the-scope clip (OTSC) and stenting for a fistula and anastomotic leakage of upper gastro- intestinal tract 内镜下夹持、镜外夹持及支架置入术治疗上消化道瘘及吻合口瘘的临床应用
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000309
H. Makino, S. Nomura, H. Maruyama, T. Yokoyama, A. Hirakata, Y. Kikuchi, Masafumi Yoshioka, T. Iwai, T. Nomura, H. Yoshida
After esophagectomy and total gastrectomy, anastomotic leakage is a serious complication associated with a high mortality. Complications such as abscesses, sepsis and malnutrition may occur. In cases of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy and gastrectomy, occurrence of an esophago-respiratory fistula or pancreatic fistula can be a very dangerous, even fatal complication. Various endoscopic techniques have been recently developed to treat leakage and fistula using minimally invasive approaches. Treatment methods including techniques such as fibrin glue injection, use of clips or self-expandable stents which are more conservative than surgery have become available. We report successful endoscopic clipping and application of fibrin glue, which is more conservative than surgery, for an esophago-mediastinal fistula. In addition to reporting endoscopic application of transnasal tube, over-the-scope clip (OTSC) and stenting, we also performed clipping for difficult cases with leakage or fistula. In this paper, indications of these endoscopic therapeutic methods are described for each case. With a broad range of conservative and endoscopic therapeutic methods available, encouraging progress has been made with regards to a shorter closure time of leakage and less risk of severe systemic complications. *Correspondence to: Hiroshi Makino, Department of Surgery, Tama Nagayama Hospital, Nippon Medical School, 1-7-1 Nagayama, Tama-City, Tokyo, Japan206-8512, Tel: +81-42-371-2111, Fax +81-42-372-7384, E-mail: himiyumo@nms.ac.jp
食管切除术和全胃切除术后,吻合口漏是一个严重的并发症,死亡率很高。可能出现脓肿、败血症和营养不良等并发症。在食管切除术和胃切除术后发生吻合口漏的病例中,发生食管呼吸瘘或胰瘘是非常危险的,甚至是致命的并发症。各种内窥镜技术最近已经发展到使用微创方法治疗渗漏和瘘管。治疗方法包括纤维蛋白胶注射、使用夹或自膨胀支架等技术,这些技术比手术更保守。我们报告成功的内镜夹持和纤维蛋白胶的应用,这是比手术更保守,食管纵隔瘘。除了报道经鼻管、镜外夹(OTSC)和支架置入的内镜应用外,我们还对有渗漏或瘘管的困难病例进行夹夹。在本文中,这些内窥镜治疗方法的适应症被描述为每个情况。随着广泛的保守和内窥镜治疗方法的可用,在更短的封闭时间和更低的严重全身并发症风险方面取得了令人鼓舞的进展。*通讯:Hiroshi Makino,日本医学院长山多摩医院外科,日本东京都多摩市长山1-7-1,邮编:206-8512,电话:+81-42-371-2111,传真:+81-42-372-7384,电子邮件:himiyumo@nms.ac.jp
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引用次数: 1
If the statistics underlying macroscopic and microscopic (quantum scale) events were to fundamentally differ would this affect the biology of cancer? 如果宏观和微观(量子尺度)事件背后的统计数据根本不同,这会影响癌症的生物学吗?
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000311
Anderson Km, Patel Mk
Received: May 15, 2019; Accepted: June 05, 2019; Published: June 10, 2019 In our “macroscopic” world it is a truism that an action is often followed by an equal and opposite reaction. In the “microscopic” realms (chemical, biological, quantum environments), that response often is mimicked. For example, stressed cancer cells can exhibit enhanced resistance to therapy and development of alternate genetic/epigenetic responses that increase proliferation and developmental / proliferative events unanticipated by the physician. These considerations provide a background for considering these and other possible consequences to hypoxia or other cellular stresses by deterministic, or by random, stochastic cancer cell responses to stresses. According to some, random refers to a variable, stochastic to a process or system.
收稿日期:2019年5月15日;录用日期:2019年6月05日;在我们的“宏观”世界里,一个行动之后往往会有一个平等和相反的反应,这是不言而喻的。在“微观”领域(化学、生物、量子环境),这种反应经常被模仿。例如,应激癌细胞可以表现出对治疗的增强抗性,并产生替代遗传/表观遗传反应,从而增加增殖和医生未预料到的发育/增殖事件。这些考虑为考虑这些和其他可能的后果缺氧或其他细胞应激的确定性,或随机,随机癌细胞对应激的反应提供了背景。根据一些说法,随机指的是一个变量,随机指的是一个过程或系统。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial comments to the articles published in Issues 1-3 of Volume 6 对第6卷第1-3期发表的文章的评论
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000312
H. Miyamoto
Guben Yiliu II (GY II), a mixture of extracts from 13 species of herbs, has been prescribed in China as traditional Chinese medicine. Bai et al. [1] determined anti-tumor activity of GY II, using cell line models for laryngeal cancer. GY II was found to considerably inhibit the cell viability of the Hep-2 line and primary culture from patients and induce G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest as well as apoptosis. GY II also inhibited cell migration and invasion. These observations supported anti-tumor property of traditional Chinese medicine.
固本益流II (GY II)是由13种草药提取物混合而成的中药。Bai等人[1]利用喉癌细胞系模型测定了GYⅱ的抗肿瘤活性。研究发现,GY II可显著抑制Hep-2细胞系和原代培养患者的细胞活力,诱导G0/G1细胞周期阻滞和凋亡。GYⅱ还能抑制细胞的迁移和侵袭。这些结果支持了中药的抗肿瘤作用。
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引用次数: 0
How to integrate medical oncology and palliative care? 如何整合肿瘤医学与姑息治疗?
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000322
A. Grigorescu, Teodor Mihaela
Received: August 09, 2019; Accepted: October 23, 2019; Published: October 26, 2019 If we start the discussion from the consideration that there are two modalities to approach the treatment for a patient, we will understand the need to integrate these approaches. The essential aspects of the integration of medical oncology with palliative care are summarized in a very concise manner in an article by Kaasa et al. published in Lancet Oncology in 2018. “The full integration of oncology and palliative care relies on the specific knowledge and skills of two modes of care: the tumour-directed approach, the main focus of which is on treating the disease; and the host-directed approach, which focuses on the patient with the disease” [1].
收稿日期:2019年8月09日;录用日期:2019年10月23日;如果我们从考虑到有两种方式来治疗患者开始讨论,我们就会理解整合这些方法的必要性。Kaasa等人于2018年发表在《柳叶刀肿瘤学》杂志上的一篇文章以非常简洁的方式总结了医学肿瘤学与姑息治疗结合的重要方面。“肿瘤学和姑息治疗的全面整合依赖于两种护理模式的具体知识和技能:肿瘤导向方法,其主要重点是治疗疾病;另一种是宿主导向的方法,它关注的是患有b[1]疾病的患者。
{"title":"How to integrate medical oncology and palliative care?","authors":"A. Grigorescu, Teodor Mihaela","doi":"10.15761/icst.1000322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/icst.1000322","url":null,"abstract":"Received: August 09, 2019; Accepted: October 23, 2019; Published: October 26, 2019 If we start the discussion from the consideration that there are two modalities to approach the treatment for a patient, we will understand the need to integrate these approaches. The essential aspects of the integration of medical oncology with palliative care are summarized in a very concise manner in an article by Kaasa et al. published in Lancet Oncology in 2018. “The full integration of oncology and palliative care relies on the specific knowledge and skills of two modes of care: the tumour-directed approach, the main focus of which is on treating the disease; and the host-directed approach, which focuses on the patient with the disease” [1].","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67476867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impedimetric label-free detection of salivary EGFR on screen printed electrode 丝网印刷电极上唾液EGFR的无阻抗无标签检测
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000319
Imad Abrao Nemeir, J. Saab, W. Hleihel, A. Errachid, N. Zine
In this paper we present the preliminary results on the development of an electrochemical gold integrated SPE biosensor for the detection of EGFR. The strategy followed concerned the biofunctionalization of the gold electrode through the in-situ electrochemical deposition of 4-carboxymethylanailine (CMA) then the grafting of AntiEGFR antibodoy. The biosensor developed was characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and as a result it was found to be highly sensitive within a range of 50-120 pg/mL in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as well as very selective toward the EGFR when compared to other interferences such as HER2 and HER3.
本文介绍了电化学金集成固相萃取生物传感器用于EGFR检测的初步研究结果。接下来的策略是通过原位电化学沉积4-羧基甲基苯胺(CMA)实现金电极的生物功能化,然后接枝抗egfr抗体。利用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)对开发的生物传感器进行了表征,结果发现它在磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS) 50-120 pg/mL的范围内高度敏感,并且与其他干扰(如HER2和HER3)相比,它对EGFR具有很高的选择性。
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引用次数: 0
Clinically unexpected lymph node: An old enemy to remember in the cancer diagnosis and treatment 临床意想不到的淋巴结:癌症诊断和治疗中不可忘记的宿敌
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000325
İ. Eroğlu, B. Aktaş, O. Kurtulan, D. Guven, S. Aksoy
In the absence of axillary lymph node involvement, the thyroid nodule and cervical lymph nodes made us concern about a second primary malignancy, most probably a thyroid neoplasm. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy showed normal thyroid glands and tru-cut biopsy of the right supraclavicular lymph node showed granulomatous lymphadenitis which is consistent with tuberculosis lymphadenitis (Figure 2A). The PPD test measured 15 mm and serum quantiferon were positive. The patient was consulted to the infectious disease department and an initial intensive-phase therapy with four antibiotics (INH, RIF, PZA, EMB) and continuation-phase therapy with 2 antibiotics (INH, RFA) planned.
在没有腋窝淋巴结受累的情况下,甲状腺结节和颈部淋巴结使我们担心第二原发性恶性肿瘤,最有可能是甲状腺肿瘤。甲状腺细针穿刺活检显示甲状腺正常,右侧锁骨上淋巴结真切活检显示肉芽肿性淋巴结炎,与结核性淋巴结炎一致(图2A)。PPD试验测15 mm,血清定量素阳性。患者会诊至感染性疾病科,计划初始强化期治疗4种抗生素(INH、RIF、PZA、EMB),继续期治疗2种抗生素(INH、RFA)。
{"title":"Clinically unexpected lymph node: An old enemy to remember in the cancer diagnosis and treatment","authors":"İ. Eroğlu, B. Aktaş, O. Kurtulan, D. Guven, S. Aksoy","doi":"10.15761/icst.1000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/icst.1000325","url":null,"abstract":"In the absence of axillary lymph node involvement, the thyroid nodule and cervical lymph nodes made us concern about a second primary malignancy, most probably a thyroid neoplasm. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy showed normal thyroid glands and tru-cut biopsy of the right supraclavicular lymph node showed granulomatous lymphadenitis which is consistent with tuberculosis lymphadenitis (Figure 2A). The PPD test measured 15 mm and serum quantiferon were positive. The patient was consulted to the infectious disease department and an initial intensive-phase therapy with four antibiotics (INH, RIF, PZA, EMB) and continuation-phase therapy with 2 antibiotics (INH, RFA) planned.","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67477389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) regulates plasma membrane bleb formation by facilitating bleb retraction phase in cancer cells 水通道蛋白1 (Aquaporin 1, AQP1)通过促进肿瘤细胞的泡回期调节质膜泡的形成
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000305
Godwin A. Ponuwei, Phil R. Dash
{"title":"Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) regulates plasma membrane bleb formation by facilitating bleb retraction phase in cancer cells","authors":"Godwin A. Ponuwei, Phil R. Dash","doi":"10.15761/icst.1000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/icst.1000305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67475727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Integrative cancer science and therapeutics
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