Badii Amamou, S. Fathallah, Dhekra Ammar, A. Mhalla, F. Zaafrane, L. Gaha
The study aims were to assess the level of burden among caregivers of patients diagnosed with cancer and to examine patient and caregiver variables associated with high levels of burden. A descriptive cross sectional study was performed at the Psychiatric Department in the University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia. The study included a total of 138 dyads of patients and their corresponding family caregivers. The dyads were convoked then examined. The data were assembled using questionnaires elaborated by the research team and caregiver burden was measured with the Zarit Burden Interview. Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the KATZ Index of Activities of Daily Living. About one third of the caregivers experienced high levels of burden. The scores at the Zarit Burden Interview ranged from 15 to 70 and mean score was 48.7 (SD =18.2). This negative outcome of caregiving was found to be related to both patients’ and caregivers’ variables. Statistically, the factors associated to high levels of burden among family caregivers that are linked to the patient’s profile were: male gender, age between 61 and 70 years old, having other medical morbidities, necessitating pre and post-operative chemotherapy, having intermediate to high levels of anxious or depressive symptoms and a severe functional impairment. Caregivers who helped their patients to accomplish many daily activities were found to be high-burdened. The caregiver variables that were found to be related to high levels of burden among caregivers were: male gender, age between 40 and 59 years old, employed full-time status, being the child of the patient, having another member of the family needing daily care, caregiving period more than one year, and not resorting to a professional healthcare at home. The current study demonstrates the importance of a systematic assessment and early intervention procedures needed in order to detect vulnerable caregivers.
{"title":"Impact of demographic, clinical and psychological variables of patients and caregivers on the perception of burden among the family caregivers of patients with cancer","authors":"Badii Amamou, S. Fathallah, Dhekra Ammar, A. Mhalla, F. Zaafrane, L. Gaha","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ICST.1000303","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims were to assess the level of burden among caregivers of patients diagnosed with cancer and to examine patient and caregiver variables associated with high levels of burden. A descriptive cross sectional study was performed at the Psychiatric Department in the University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia. The study included a total of 138 dyads of patients and their corresponding family caregivers. The dyads were convoked then examined. The data were assembled using questionnaires elaborated by the research team and caregiver burden was measured with the Zarit Burden Interview. Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the KATZ Index of Activities of Daily Living. About one third of the caregivers experienced high levels of burden. The scores at the Zarit Burden Interview ranged from 15 to 70 and mean score was 48.7 (SD =18.2). This negative outcome of caregiving was found to be related to both patients’ and caregivers’ variables. Statistically, the factors associated to high levels of burden among family caregivers that are linked to the patient’s profile were: male gender, age between 61 and 70 years old, having other medical morbidities, necessitating pre and post-operative chemotherapy, having intermediate to high levels of anxious or depressive symptoms and a severe functional impairment. Caregivers who helped their patients to accomplish many daily activities were found to be high-burdened. The caregiver variables that were found to be related to high levels of burden among caregivers were: male gender, age between 40 and 59 years old, employed full-time status, being the child of the patient, having another member of the family needing daily care, caregiving period more than one year, and not resorting to a professional healthcare at home. The current study demonstrates the importance of a systematic assessment and early intervention procedures needed in order to detect vulnerable caregivers.","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67475846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Absolute quantification of stool-based colon cancer microRNAs by chip-based digital (d)PCR","authors":"Farid E. Ahmed","doi":"10.15761/icst.1000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/icst.1000304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67476044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non small cell lung cancer with targetable driver alterations: Imaging perspective","authors":"Eric W. Zhang, Subba R. Digumarthy","doi":"10.15761/icst.1000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/icst.1000324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67477013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01Epub Date: 2018-11-29DOI: 10.15761/ICST.1000293
Amanda Graul-Conroy, Margo Hoover-Regan, Kenneth B DeSantes, Paul M Sondel, Natalie S Callander, Walter L Longo, William E Fahl
Background: Grade 3 oral mucositis (OM) is historically observed in >90% of bone marrow transplant patients who received the cyclophosphamide + total body irradiation (CY+TBI) conditioning regimen. It was previously shown that orotopically applied adrenergic vasoconstrictor prevented up to 100% of radiation-induced oral mucositis in two preclinical animal models.
Methods: Adrenergic vasoconstrictor (i.e., phenylephrine in an aqueous-alcohol NG11-1 formulation) was orotopically applied to three patients (ages 24-29) who received the CY+TBI conditioning regimen; they were compared to five matched controls who received no orotopical vasoconstrictor. All patients received the CY+TBI conditioning regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia within the University of Wisconsin Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Program. Over the seven-day Cy+TBI conditioning regimen, 20 min before each treatment, either radiation or chemotherapy, vasoconstrictor was applied topically to the oral cavity, and patients then received either 1.5 Gy whole-body radiation or IV cyclophosphamide.
Results: OM severity was scored over a three-week period using: i) physican assessments, ii) daily photos of the oral cavity, iii) oral pain and oral function score sheets, and iv) recorded narcotic consumption. Both "Grade 3 OM" duration and "any OM" duration in vasoconstrictor-treated patients were substantially lower than for the five control patients. Though nasogastric tube or total parenteral nutrition were used in 3 out of 5 control patients, there was no use of these supportive care measures in the three vasoconstrictor-treated patients.
Conclusion: Orotopically applied NG11-1 vasoconstrictor formulation substantially reduced the incidence and severity of "Grade 3" and "any" oral mucositis when compared to matched control patients, all of whom received the same CY+TBI conditioning regimen. The liquid orotopical formulation was easily tolerated by patients both in its ease of use and lack of side effects.
{"title":"Reduction in oral mucositis severity using a topical vasoconstrictor: A case report of three bone marrow transplant patients.","authors":"Amanda Graul-Conroy, Margo Hoover-Regan, Kenneth B DeSantes, Paul M Sondel, Natalie S Callander, Walter L Longo, William E Fahl","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ICST.1000293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Grade 3 oral mucositis (OM) is historically observed in >90% of bone marrow transplant patients who received the cyclophosphamide + total body irradiation (CY+TBI) conditioning regimen. It was previously shown that orotopically applied adrenergic vasoconstrictor prevented up to 100% of radiation-induced oral mucositis in two preclinical animal models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>A</i>drenergic vasoconstrictor (i.e., phenylephrine in an aqueous-alcohol NG11-1 formulation) was orotopically applied to three patients (ages 24-29) who received the CY+TBI conditioning regimen; they were compared to five matched controls who received no orotopical vasoconstrictor. All patients received the CY+TBI conditioning regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia within the University of Wisconsin Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Program. Over the seven-day Cy+TBI conditioning regimen, 20 min before each treatment, either radiation or chemotherapy, vasoconstrictor was applied topically to the oral cavity, and patients then received either 1.5 Gy whole-body radiation or IV cyclophosphamide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OM severity was scored over a three-week period using: i) physican assessments, ii) daily photos of the oral cavity, iii) oral pain and oral function score sheets, and iv) recorded narcotic consumption. Both \"Grade 3 OM\" duration and \"any OM\" duration in vasoconstrictor-treated patients were substantially lower than for the five control patients. Though nasogastric tube or total parenteral nutrition were used in 3 out of 5 control patients, there was no use of these supportive care measures in the three vasoconstrictor-treated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orotopically applied NG11-1 vasoconstrictor formulation substantially reduced the incidence and severity of \"Grade 3\" and \"any\" oral mucositis when compared to matched control patients, all of whom received the same CY+TBI conditioning regimen. The liquid orotopical formulation was easily tolerated by patients both in its ease of use and lack of side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6907163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37453464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01Epub Date: 2018-07-20DOI: 10.15761/ICST.1000281
Elizabeth A Fry, Ali Mallakin, Kazushi Inoue
The ETS transcription factors regulate expression of genes involved in normal cell development, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, consisting of 28 family members in humans. Dysregulation of these transcription factors facilitates cell proliferation in cancers, and several members participate in invasion and metastasis by activating certain gene transcriptions. ETS1 and ETS2 are the founding members of the ETS family and regulate transcription by binding to ETS sequences. Three chimeric genes involving ETS genes have been identified in human cancers, which are EWS-FLI1 in Ewing's sarcoma, TMPRSS2-ERG in prostate cancer, and ETV6-RUNX1 in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Although these fusion transcripts definitely contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, the impact of these fusion transcripts on patients' prognosis is highly controversial. In the present review, the roles of ETS protein translocations in human carcinogenesis are discussed.
{"title":"Translocations involving ETS family proteins in human cancer.","authors":"Elizabeth A Fry, Ali Mallakin, Kazushi Inoue","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000281","DOIUrl":"10.15761/ICST.1000281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ETS transcription factors regulate expression of genes involved in normal cell development, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, consisting of 28 family members in humans. Dysregulation of these transcription factors facilitates cell proliferation in cancers, and several members participate in invasion and metastasis by activating certain gene transcriptions. ETS1 and ETS2 are the founding members of the ETS family and regulate transcription by binding to ETS sequences. Three chimeric genes involving <i>ET</i>S genes have been identified in human cancers, which are <i>EWS-FLI1</i> in Ewing's sarcoma, <i>TMPRSS2-ERG</i> in prostate cancer, and <i>ETV6-RUNX1</i> in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Although these fusion transcripts definitely contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, the impact of these fusion transcripts on patients' prognosis is highly controversial. In the present review, the roles of ETS protein translocations in human carcinogenesis are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6287620/pdf/nihms-988104.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36774287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Secreted glycoprotein YKL-40: A potential cancer biomarker and therapeutic target","authors":"R. Shao","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ICST.1000268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67474458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Durán, Pomuceno-Orduñez Jp, R. Martin, E. Silva, S. Montero, R. Mansilla, G. Cocho, J. Nieto-Villar
To evaluate the effect of glucose deprivation on the robustness of cancer glycolysis, the total entropy production rate was calculated from the in silico modeling of the glycolytic network of HeLa cells grown under different glucose and oxygen conditions. It was shown that glucose deprivation had a deleterious effect for the cells grown under hypoglycemia and hypoxia and that the intracellular acidification therapy and the glucose deprivation treatment had synergic effects on the decrease of cancer glycolysis robustness. *Correspondence to: Ileana Durán, Department of Chemical-Physics, A. Alzola Group of Thermodynamics of Complex Systems M.V. Lomonosov Chemistry Chair, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba, E-mail: ileduranadn@gmail.com Nieto-Villar JM, Department of Chemical-Physics, A. Alzola Group of Thermodynamics of Complex Systems M.V. Lomonosov Chemistry Chair, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba, E-mail: nieto@fq.uh.cu Received: May 02, 2018; Accepted: May 28, 2018; Published: May 31, 2018 Introduction Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide [1], is a generic name given to a complex interaction network of malignant cells that have lost their specialization and control over normal growth [2]. This behavior stems from to the accumulation of multiple DNA mutations in specific genes called oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes [3]. The design and development of new cancer drugs may take several years and in most cases will only be effective for a fraction of patients with specific types of cancer. Therefore, it is important to develop complementary strategies that can be quickly translated into effective therapies [4]. Cancer cells are characterized for maintaining a high rate of glycolysis, thus converting glucose to lactate at high speed, even in the presence of oxygen. This phenomenon is known as “aerobic glycolysis” or “Warburg effect”. Numerous therapies against cancer are based on the inhibition of this metabolic network [5]. It is known that glucose deprivation has deleterious effects on cancer glycolysis which may even conduce to cell death [6]. Mutations and epigenetic modifications that increase growth and promote insensitivity to anti-growth signals in cancer cells, lead to the loss of appropriate responses to rapidly adapt to a variety of extreme environments including starvation [7]. Under challenging conditions such as starvation, normal cells reduce energy expenditure and divert it from growth to maintenance; thereby enhancing protection and survival [8]. However, the constitutive activation of oncoproteins can block entry into this protective mode in cancer cells; thus providing a method by which fasting induces protection in normal cells but not in oncogene-driven cancer cells, an effect called Differential Stress Resistance [4,9]. Hypoxia arises in tumors through the uncontrolled oncogene driven proliferation of cancer cells in the absence of an efficient vascula
为了评估葡萄糖剥夺对癌症糖酵解稳健性的影响，通过对不同葡萄糖和氧气条件下生长的HeLa细胞的糖酵解网络进行硅模拟，计算总熵产率。结果表明，葡萄糖剥夺对低血糖和缺氧条件下生长的细胞有有害影响，细胞内酸化治疗和葡萄糖剥夺治疗对肿瘤糖酵解稳健性的降低有协同作用。*通讯:Ileana Durán，化学物理系，A. Alzola复杂系统热力学组，M.V. Lomonosov化学系主任，哈瓦那大学，哈瓦那10400，古巴，E-mail: ileduranadn@gmail.com Nieto-Villar JM，化学物理系，A. Alzola复杂系统热力学组，M.V. Lomonosov化学系主任，哈瓦那，哈瓦那10400，古巴，E-mail: nieto@fq.uh.cu收到:2012.05.02;录用日期:2018年5月28日;癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，是一个复杂的恶性细胞相互作用网络的总称，这些恶性细胞已经失去了对正常生长的特化和控制。这种行为源于特定基因中多个DNA突变的积累，这些基因被称为致癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因[3]。新的抗癌药物的设计和开发可能需要数年时间，而且在大多数情况下，只对一小部分患有特定类型癌症的患者有效。因此，制定能够迅速转化为有效疗法的补充策略非常重要。癌细胞的特点是保持较高的糖酵解速率，因此即使在氧气存在的情况下也能高速地将葡萄糖转化为乳酸。这种现象被称为“有氧糖酵解”或“Warburg效应”。许多抗癌疗法都是基于抑制这种代谢网络[5]。众所周知，葡萄糖剥夺对癌症糖酵解有有害影响，甚至可能导致细胞死亡。突变和表观遗传修饰会增加癌细胞的生长并促进对抗生长信号的不敏感，从而导致癌细胞失去快速适应各种极端环境(包括饥饿)的适当反应。在饥饿等具有挑战性的条件下，正常细胞减少能量消耗，并将其从生长转移到维持;从而加强保护和生存b[8]。然而，癌蛋白的组成激活可以阻止癌细胞进入这种保护模式;因此提供了一种方法，通过禁食在正常细胞中诱导保护，而不是在癌基因驱动的癌细胞中，这种效应被称为差异应激抵抗[4,9]。在缺乏有效血管床的情况下，肿瘤通过癌基因驱动的不受控制的癌细胞增殖而出现缺氧。由于癌细胞的快速增殖，肿瘤迅速耗尽了正常脉管系统提供的营养和氧气，成为缺氧bb0。在肿瘤内，缺氧癌细胞和有氧癌细胞之间存在一种“代谢共生”，缺氧细胞产生的乳酸被有氧细胞吸收，并被用作氧化磷酸化的主要底物。因此，肿瘤可利用的有限葡萄糖被最有效地利用了。另一方面，缺氧与对细胞毒性药物和放疗的治疗抵抗有关。肿瘤细胞对缺氧的适应有助于恶性表型和肿瘤的侵袭性进展[13]。低氧条件下，肿瘤糖酵解的复杂性和稳健性高于常氧条件下。癌细胞的另一个特征是反向的pH梯度:与正常细胞相比，细胞内pH (pHi)增加(~ 7.3 - 7.6 vs ~ 7.2)，而细胞外pH (pHe)降低(~ 6.8-7.0 vs ~ 7.4)。癌细胞的pH失调使细胞过程对微小的变化敏感，包括细胞增殖、迁移和代谢。这些全球性的细胞生物学效应是由具有活性或配体结合亲和力的蛋白质的ph敏感功能产生的，这些活性或配体结合亲和力在狭窄的细胞动力学范围内受到调节。这项工作的目的是通过Durán的熵产率来评估葡萄糖剥夺对癌症稳健性的影响[16,17]I(2018)葡萄糖饥饿作为癌症治疗:热力学观点，integrated cancer Sci treatment, 2018 doi: 10.15761/ICST.1000276卷5(3):2-5的糖酵解网络的HeLa细胞。本文组织如下:2.1节描述了动力学模型和实验步骤。在2.2节中，给出了熵产率的热力学形式。 为了评估葡萄糖剥夺对癌症糖酵解稳健性的影响，通过对不同葡萄糖和氧气条件下生长的HeLa细胞的糖酵解网络进行硅模拟，计算总熵产率。结果表明，葡萄糖剥夺对低血糖和缺氧条件下生长的细胞有有害影响，细胞内酸化治疗和葡萄糖剥夺治疗对肿瘤糖酵解稳健性的降低有协同作用。*通讯:Ileana Durán，化学物理系，A. Alzola复杂系统热力学组，M.V. Lomonosov化学系主任，哈瓦那大学，哈瓦那10400，古巴，E-mail: ileduranadn@gmail.com Nieto-Villar JM，化学物理系，A. Alzola复杂系统热力学组，M.V. Lomonosov化学系主任，哈瓦那，哈瓦那10400，古巴，E-mail: nieto@fq.uh.cu收到:2012.05.02;录用日期:2018年5月28日;癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，是一个复杂的恶性细胞相互作用网络的总称，这些恶性细胞已经失去了对正常生长的特化和控制。这种行为源于特定基因中多个DNA突变的积累，这些基因被称为致癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因[3]。新的抗癌药物的设计和开发可能需要数年时间，而且在大多数情况下，只对一小部分患有特定类型癌症的患者有效。因此，制定能够迅速转化为有效疗法的补充策略非常重要。癌细胞的特点是保持较高的糖酵解速率，因此即使在氧气存在的情况下也能高速地将葡萄糖转化为乳酸。这种现象被称为“有氧糖酵解”或“Warburg效应”。许多抗癌疗法都是基于抑制这种代谢网络[5]。众所周知，葡萄糖剥夺对癌症糖酵解有有害影响，甚至可能导致细胞死亡。突变和表观遗传修饰会增加癌细胞的生长并促进对抗生长信号的不敏感，从而导致癌细胞失去快速适应各种极端环境(包括饥饿)的适当反应。在饥饿等具有挑战性的条件下，正常细胞减少能量消耗，并将其从生长转移到维持;从而加强保护和生存b[8]。然而，癌蛋白的组成激活可以阻止癌细胞进入这种保护模式;因此提供了一种方法，通过禁食在正常细胞中诱导保护，而不是在癌基因驱动的癌细胞中，这种效应被称为差异应激抵抗[4,9]。在缺乏有效血管床的情况下，肿瘤通过癌基因驱动的不受控制的癌细胞增殖而出现缺氧。由于癌细胞的快速增殖，肿瘤迅速耗尽了正常脉管系统提供的营养和氧气，成为缺氧bb0。在肿瘤内，缺氧癌细胞和有氧癌细胞之间存在一种“代谢共生”，缺氧细胞产生的乳酸被有氧细胞吸收，并被用作氧化磷酸化的主要底物。因此，肿瘤可利用的有限葡萄糖被最有效地利用了。另一方面，缺氧与对细胞毒性药物和放疗的治疗抵抗有关。肿瘤细胞对缺氧的适应有助于恶性表型和肿瘤的侵袭性进展[13]。低氧条件下，肿瘤糖酵解的复杂性和稳健性高于常氧条件下。癌细胞的另一个特征是反向的pH梯度:与正常细胞相比，细胞内pH (pHi)增加(~ 7.3 - 7.6 vs ~ 7.2)，而细胞外pH (pHe)降低(~ 6.8-7.0 vs ~ 7.4)。癌细胞的pH失调使细胞过程对微小的变化敏感，包括细胞增殖、迁移和代谢。这些全球性的细胞生物学效应是由具有活性或配体结合亲和力的蛋白质的ph敏感功能产生的，这些活性或配体结合亲和力在狭窄的细胞动力学范围内受到调节。这项工作的目的是通过Durán的熵产率来评估葡萄糖剥夺对癌症稳健性的影响[16,17]I(2018)葡萄糖饥饿作为癌症治疗:热力学观点，integrated cancer Sci treatment, 2018 doi: 10.15761/ICST.1000276卷5(3):2-5的糖酵解网络的HeLa细胞。本文
{"title":"Glucose starvation as cancer treatment: Thermodynamic point of view","authors":"I. Durán, Pomuceno-Orduñez Jp, R. Martin, E. Silva, S. Montero, R. Mansilla, G. Cocho, J. Nieto-Villar","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ICST.1000276","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the effect of glucose deprivation on the robustness of cancer glycolysis, the total entropy production rate was calculated from the in silico modeling of the glycolytic network of HeLa cells grown under different glucose and oxygen conditions. It was shown that glucose deprivation had a deleterious effect for the cells grown under hypoglycemia and hypoxia and that the intracellular acidification therapy and the glucose deprivation treatment had synergic effects on the decrease of cancer glycolysis robustness. *Correspondence to: Ileana Durán, Department of Chemical-Physics, A. Alzola Group of Thermodynamics of Complex Systems M.V. Lomonosov Chemistry Chair, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba, E-mail: ileduranadn@gmail.com Nieto-Villar JM, Department of Chemical-Physics, A. Alzola Group of Thermodynamics of Complex Systems M.V. Lomonosov Chemistry Chair, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba, E-mail: nieto@fq.uh.cu Received: May 02, 2018; Accepted: May 28, 2018; Published: May 31, 2018 Introduction Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide [1], is a generic name given to a complex interaction network of malignant cells that have lost their specialization and control over normal growth [2]. This behavior stems from to the accumulation of multiple DNA mutations in specific genes called oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes [3]. The design and development of new cancer drugs may take several years and in most cases will only be effective for a fraction of patients with specific types of cancer. Therefore, it is important to develop complementary strategies that can be quickly translated into effective therapies [4]. Cancer cells are characterized for maintaining a high rate of glycolysis, thus converting glucose to lactate at high speed, even in the presence of oxygen. This phenomenon is known as “aerobic glycolysis” or “Warburg effect”. Numerous therapies against cancer are based on the inhibition of this metabolic network [5]. It is known that glucose deprivation has deleterious effects on cancer glycolysis which may even conduce to cell death [6]. Mutations and epigenetic modifications that increase growth and promote insensitivity to anti-growth signals in cancer cells, lead to the loss of appropriate responses to rapidly adapt to a variety of extreme environments including starvation [7]. Under challenging conditions such as starvation, normal cells reduce energy expenditure and divert it from growth to maintenance; thereby enhancing protection and survival [8]. However, the constitutive activation of oncoproteins can block entry into this protective mode in cancer cells; thus providing a method by which fasting induces protection in normal cells but not in oncogene-driven cancer cells, an effect called Differential Stress Resistance [4,9]. Hypoxia arises in tumors through the uncontrolled oncogene driven proliferation of cancer cells in the absence of an efficient vascula","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67474667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saadani Ch, H. Baybay, Safae Zinoune, Z. Douhi, F. Mernissi
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of erysipelas of the upper extremity in women treated for breast cancer. Methods: A study of 7-years retro-prospective study identifying 25 cases of erysipelas of the upper extremity following treatment for breast cancer; was carried out between March 2010 and December 2017 at the Hassan II hospital Fes, Morroco, we describe the clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects. Results: The mean age was of 48, 17 years. All patients had a breast surgery and lymphadenectomy. The erysipelas appeared with an average of 5.23 years after cancer treatment and was recurrent in seven cases. Lymphedema occurred in eighteen patients. The clinical aspect was an inflammatory plaque. The portal of entry was found in 73.91% of patients. The upper limb was affected in all cases. Involvement of the axillary folds or the chest was observed in 30.43%. Treatment with amoxicillin associated with clavulanic acid was undertaken for all patients. Conclusion: Lymphadenectomy and radiotherapy in breast cancer may lead to lymphedema, which can be evident or sometimes discrete. Those patients who developed erysipelas in our series usually fared well with treatment, but many had recurrences attributed to persistent lymphedema.
{"title":"Erysipelas of the upper extremity: About 25 cases of breast cancer with loco regional therapy","authors":"Saadani Ch, H. Baybay, Safae Zinoune, Z. Douhi, F. Mernissi","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ICST.1000284","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of erysipelas of the upper extremity in women treated for breast cancer. Methods: A study of 7-years retro-prospective study identifying 25 cases of erysipelas of the upper extremity following treatment for breast cancer; was carried out between March 2010 and December 2017 at the Hassan II hospital Fes, Morroco, we describe the clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects. Results: The mean age was of 48, 17 years. All patients had a breast surgery and lymphadenectomy. The erysipelas appeared with an average of 5.23 years after cancer treatment and was recurrent in seven cases. Lymphedema occurred in eighteen patients. The clinical aspect was an inflammatory plaque. The portal of entry was found in 73.91% of patients. The upper limb was affected in all cases. Involvement of the axillary folds or the chest was observed in 30.43%. Treatment with amoxicillin associated with clavulanic acid was undertaken for all patients. Conclusion: Lymphadenectomy and radiotherapy in breast cancer may lead to lymphedema, which can be evident or sometimes discrete. Those patients who developed erysipelas in our series usually fared well with treatment, but many had recurrences attributed to persistent lymphedema.","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67474977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2005, these efforts were crowned with the presentation of a patent describing the obtaining of a new formulation of IFNs, based on the synergism of the combination of the IFNs alpha 2b and gamma and in an ingenious work of identification of excipients, which allowed to obtain a new formulation of IFNs, unique in the world, with a stronger antitumor action than separately IFNs and more safely, during the treatment of patients [1].
{"title":"HeberFERON, a promising choice for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma","authors":"I. B. Rivero","doi":"10.15761/ICST.1000292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ICST.1000292","url":null,"abstract":"In 2005, these efforts were crowned with the presentation of a patent describing the obtaining of a new formulation of IFNs, based on the synergism of the combination of the IFNs alpha 2b and gamma and in an ingenious work of identification of excipients, which allowed to obtain a new formulation of IFNs, unique in the world, with a stronger antitumor action than separately IFNs and more safely, during the treatment of patients [1].","PeriodicalId":90850,"journal":{"name":"Integrative cancer science and therapeutics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67475471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keauna Braun, M. Chelberg, E. Hanke, Samantha J. Lefaive, L. Lenz, M. Wiggins
Background/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a functional-based exercise program on fatigue, quality of life, and muscular endurance in cancer patients. Methods: Eleven individuals from a Cancer Recovery & Fitness Program participated in this study. After each individual agreed to participate in the study, baseline measurements were taken for three specific muscular endurance exercises; modified biceps curl, modified sit-to-stand, and a modified chest press. Participants also filled out the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) questionnaire on perceived quality of life at baseline testing, and the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI) questionnaire on perceived fatigue every week after one exercise session. After attending the six-week program, the participants were retested using the same methods. Results: Dependent (paired) sample t-tests were used to determine if there were significant differences in ME and FACT-G test scores from pretest to post test. Since multiple t-tests were being analyzed, the Bonferroni correction was used to control for Type I error, which resulted in an adjusted p-value of .0125. Fatigue was tested using a repeated-measure ANOVA. Significant differences were found in the modified biceps curl (p = .005) and modified chest press tests (p = .004). No significant differences were found for the sit-to-stand test or the FSI and FACT-G questionnaires. Conclusion: A 6-week functional-based exercise program can have a significant impact on muscular endurance with cancer survivors in the area of biceps curls and chest press. *Correspondence to: Matthew S Wiggins, Department of Kinesiology, University of WisconsinEau Claire, 105 Garfield Ave., Eau Claire WI, 54701, USA, E-mail: wigginsm@uwec.edu
背景/目的:本研究的目的是探讨功能性运动对癌症患者疲劳、生活质量和肌肉耐力的影响。方法:来自癌症康复和健身计划的11名个体参与了这项研究。在每个人同意参加研究后，对三种特定的肌肉耐力练习进行基线测量;改良肱二头肌弯曲，改良坐立，改良胸部按压。参与者还在基线测试中填写了癌症治疗功能评估(FACT-G)问卷，调查了感知生活质量，并在每周一次运动后填写了疲劳症状量表(FSI)问卷，调查了感知疲劳。在参加了为期六周的项目后，参与者使用相同的方法重新进行了测试。结果:使用依赖(配对)样本t检验来确定ME和FACT-G测试分数在测试前和测试后是否存在显著差异。由于分析了多个t检验，因此使用Bonferroni校正来控制I型误差，这导致调整后的p值为0.0125。疲劳测试使用重复测量方差分析。改良肱二头肌弯曲(p = 0.005)和改良胸压试验(p = 0.004)有显著差异。坐立测试或FSI和FACT-G问卷没有发现显著差异。结论:为期6周的以功能为基础的锻炼计划对癌症幸存者肱二头肌卷曲和胸部按压区域的肌肉耐力有显著影响。*通讯:Matthew S Wiggins，威斯康星大学克莱尔分校运动机修系，加菲尔德大街105号，威斯康星州克莱尔，54701，美国，E-mail: wigginsm@uwec.edu
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