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Drug to genome to drug: a computational large-scale chemogenomics screening for novel drug candidates against sporotrichosis. 从药物到基因组再到药物:通过计算大规模化学基因组学筛选抗孢子丝虫病的新型候选药物。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01406-x
Andressa Santana Santos, Vinícius Alexandre Fiaia Costa, Vivianny Aparecida Queiroz Freitas, Laura Raniere Borges Dos Anjos, Eder Soares de Almeida Santos, Thales Domingos Arantes, Carolina Rodrigues Costa, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio Zara, Maria do Rosário Rodrigues Silva, Bruno Junior Neves

Sporotrichosis is recognized as the predominant subcutaneous mycosis in South America, attributed to pathogenic species within the Sporothrix genus. Notably, in Brazil, Sporothrix brasiliensis emerges as the principal species, exhibiting significant sapronotic, zoonotic and enzootic epidemic potential. Consequently, the discovery of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of sporotrichosis is imperative. The present study is dedicated to the repositioning of pharmaceuticals for sporotrichosis therapy. To achieve this goal, we designed a pipeline with the following steps: (a) compilation and preparation of Sporothrix genome data; (b) identification of orthologous proteins among the species; (c) identification of homologous proteins in publicly available drug-target databases; (d) selection of Sporothrix essential targets using validated genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (e) molecular modeling studies; and (f) experimental validation of selected candidates. Based on this approach, we were able to prioritize eight drugs for in vitro experimental validation. Among the evaluated compounds, everolimus and bifonazole demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.5 µg/mL and 4.0 µg/mL, respectively. Subsequently, molecular docking studies suggest that bifonazole and everolimus may target specific proteins within S. brasiliensis- namely, sterol 14-α-demethylase and serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR, respectively. These findings shed light on the potential binding affinities and binding modes of bifonazole and everolimus with their probable targets, providing a preliminary understanding of the antifungal mechanism of action of these compounds. In conclusion, our research advances the understanding of the therapeutic potential of bifonazole and everolimus, supporting their further investigation as antifungal agents for sporotrichosis in prospective hit-to-lead and preclinical investigations.

孢子丝菌病被认为是南美洲最主要的皮下真菌病,由孢子丝菌属中的致病物种引起。值得注意的是,在巴西,巴西孢子丝菌(Sporothrix brasiliensis)是主要的病原菌,具有显著的吸血、人畜共患病和流行病学潜力。因此,发现治疗孢子丝菌病的新型治疗药物势在必行。本研究致力于重新定位治疗孢子丝菌病的药物。为实现这一目标,我们设计了一个包括以下步骤的管道:(a) 汇编和准备孢子丝菌基因组数据;(b) 鉴定物种间的同源蛋白;(c) 在公开的药物靶标数据库中鉴定同源蛋白;(d) 利用酿酒酵母中的有效基因选择孢子丝菌的基本靶标;(e) 分子建模研究;(f) 对选定的候选靶标进行实验验证。根据这一方法,我们优先选择了八种药物进行体外实验验证。在评估的化合物中,依维莫司和联苯苄唑的最低抑制浓度(MIC)值分别为 0.5 µg/mL 和 4.0 µg/mL。随后的分子对接研究表明,联苯苄唑和依维莫司可能以巴西莓中的特定蛋白质为靶标,即固醇 14-α-demethylase 和丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶 TOR。这些发现揭示了联苯苄唑和依维莫司与其可能靶标的潜在结合亲和力和结合模式,为初步了解这两种化合物的抗真菌作用机制提供了依据。总之,我们的研究增进了对联苯苄唑和依维莫司治疗潜力的了解,支持在前瞻性的先导研究和临床前研究中将它们作为治疗孢子丝菌病的抗真菌药物进行进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Bacteriophage therapy- a refurbished age-old potential strategy to treat antibiotic and multidrug resistant bacterial infections in future. 噬菌体疗法--一种古老的治疗抗生素和耐多药细菌感染的潜在策略。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01434-7
Rajal Dave, Debashis Banerjee

The worldwide prevalence of antimicrobial resistance coupled with the unavailability of newer antibiotics, has brought the sharp focus back among the scientific community, towards the discovery of novel alternative therapeutics to tackle the menace. Consequently, in the current post-antibiotic era, 'Bacteriophage Therapy' has emerged as one of the most promising option to address this problem. Bacteriophages, actually discovered long back, has shown greater potential to kill various bacterial pathogens, including the resistant clinical ones. Some of the other advantages for the use of bacteriophage therapy to treat infectious diseases include, wider availability of these microorganisms in nature, host-specific action, absence of any significant side-effects in humans and most often also exhibiting a broader anti-bacterial potential. In the recent times, the potential of phage therapy has been demonstrated in various treatments, clinical trials and infection models across the globe, where even antibiotics have completely failed. To address the global threat of AMR, WHO and UN have jointly illustrated "One Health" approach, recently extending the context to bacteriophage therapy. Many pharmaceutical companies have also recently started employing bacteriophages for developing different kinds of formulations for catering to medical and other industries. It has even shown great effect as combinatorial therapy along with antibiotics, to treat or manage various critical antibiotic resistant clinical infections. This continuously expanding potential of the bacteriophages holds great promise in the future, in the fight against the rising threat of AMR globally.

抗菌素耐药性在全球范围内的普遍存在,再加上新型抗生素的匮乏,使得科学界重新开始关注新型替代疗法的发现,以应对这一威胁。因此,在当前的后抗生素时代,"噬菌体疗法 "已成为解决这一问题的最有前途的选择之一。噬菌体其实很早就被发现了,它在杀灭各种细菌病原体(包括临床上的抗药性病原体)方面显示出更大的潜力。利用噬菌体疗法治疗传染病的其他一些优势包括:这些微生物在自然界中的可获得性更广、对宿主具有特异性作用、对人体没有任何明显的副作用,而且通常还具有更广泛的抗菌潜力。近来,噬菌体疗法的潜力已在全球范围内的各种治疗、临床试验和感染模型中得到证实,甚至抗生素也完全无法奏效。为了应对 AMR 的全球威胁,世界卫生组织和联合国共同提出了 "一个健康 "方法,最近又将其扩展到了噬菌体疗法。许多制药公司最近也开始利用噬菌体来开发不同的配方,以满足医疗和其他行业的需要。它甚至与抗生素一起作为组合疗法,在治疗或控制各种严重的抗生素耐药性临床感染方面显示出巨大的效果。噬菌体的这种不断扩大的潜力为未来对抗全球不断上升的 AMR 威胁带来了巨大希望。
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引用次数: 0
Quadruplex qPCR for detection and discrimination of C. Coli,C. fetus, and C. Jejuni from other Campylobacter species in chicken and sheep meat. 用于检测和区分鸡肉和羊肉中的大肠杆菌、胎生大肠杆菌和洁净大肠杆菌与其他弯曲杆菌的四重 qPCR。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01437-4
Marwan Abu-Halaweh, Eman Al-Bsoul

Campylobacter is gram-negative bacteria considered the predominant genera isolated from poultry samples and associated with gastroenteritis. Due to the problems in conventional cultural methods of time-consuming and technically demanding requirements, a rapid and feasible method for their identification and discrimination of the closely related spp. Including Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter fetus, and Campylobacter jejuni is needed. This study analyzes the chicken and sheep meats samples (n = 125) using culture and pre-enrichment-based Quadraplex real-time PCR by targeting OrfA, CstA, HipO, and 16 S rRNA genes of C. coli, C. fetus, C. jejuni and Campylobacter spp. Respectively. The analysis of 125 chicken and sheep meat samples by culture and real-time PCR showed high concordance between the results of the two methods. The present study show high prevalence of Campylobacter species (35% and 32% from chicken and meat respectively) of which C. jejuni were the most abundant. Reaction efficiencies were between 90 and 110%, and detect as low as 8.9 fg in C. jejuni. The need for quick detection and discrimination methods in sheep and chicken meat can be met using the described Quadraplex real-time PCR methodology.

弯曲杆菌是革兰氏阴性菌,被认为是从家禽样本中分离出来的主要菌属,与肠胃炎有关。由于传统的培养方法耗时长、技术要求高,因此需要一种快速可行的方法来鉴定和区分与之密切相关的菌属,包括大肠弯曲杆菌、胎儿弯曲杆菌和空肠弯曲杆菌。本研究采用基于培养和预富集的 Quadraplex 实时 PCR 技术,针对大肠弯曲杆菌、胎儿弯曲杆菌、空肠弯曲杆菌和弯曲杆菌属的 OrfA、CstA、HipO 和 16 S rRNA 基因,对鸡肉和羊肉样本(n = 125)进行了分析。通过培养和实时 PCR 对 125 份鸡肉和羊肉样本进行的分析表明,两种方法的结果高度一致。本研究显示弯曲杆菌的流行率很高(鸡肉和羊肉中的流行率分别为 35% 和 32%),其中空肠弯曲杆菌的流行率最高。反应效率在 90% 到 110% 之间,空肠弯曲菌的检出率低至 8.9 fg。使用所述 Quadraplex 实时 PCR 方法可满足对羊肉和鸡肉中快速检测和鉴别方法的需求。
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引用次数: 0
MIG1, TUP1 and NRG1 mediated yeast to hyphal morphogenesis inhibition in Candida albicans by ganciclovir. 更昔洛韦通过 MIG1、TUP1 和 NRG1 介导抑制白色念珠菌的酵母至芽胞形态发生。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01344-8
Tanjila Gavandi, Shivani Patil, Sargun Basrani, Shivanand Yankanchi, Sayali Chougule, S Mohan Karuppayil, Ashwini Jadhav

Candida albicans is a polymorphic human fungal pathogen and the prime etiological agent responsible for candidiasis. The main two aspects of C. albicans virulence that have been suggested are yeast-to-hyphal (Y-H) morphological transitions and biofilm development. Anti-fungal agents targeting these virulence attributes enhances the antifungal drug development process. Repositioning with other non-fungal drugs offered a one of the new strategies and a potential alternative option to counter the urgent need for antifungal drug development. In the current study, an antiviral drug ganciclovir was screened as an antifungal agent against ATCC 90028, 10231 and clinical isolate (C1). Ganciclovir at 0.5 mg/ml concentration reduced 50% hyphal development on a silicon-based urinary catheter and was visualized using scanning electron microscopy. Ganciclovir reduced ergosterol biosynthesis in both strains and C1 isolate of C. albicans in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, a gene expression profile study showed that ganciclovir treatment resulted in upregulation of hyphal-specific repressors MIG1, TUP1, and NRG1 in C. albicans. Additionally, an in vivo study on the Bombyx mori silkworm model further evidenced the virulence inhibitory ability of ganciclovir (0.5 mg/ml) against C. albicans. This is the first report that explore the novel anti-morphogenic activities of ganciclovir against the pathogenic C. albicans strains, along with clinical isolates. Further, ganciclovir may be considered for therapeutic purpose after combinations with standard antifungal agents.

白念珠菌是一种多态人类真菌病原体,也是念珠菌病的主要病原体。白念珠菌毒力的两个主要方面是酵母-蘑菇(Y-H)形态转换和生物膜发育。针对这些毒力特性的抗真菌药物可促进抗真菌药物的开发进程。使用其他非真菌药物进行重新定位是一种新策略,也是应对抗真菌药物开发迫切需求的潜在替代选择。本研究筛选了一种抗病毒药物更昔洛韦(ganciclovir)作为抗真菌药物,用于抗 ATCC 90028、10231 和临床分离株(C1)。0.5毫克/毫升浓度的更昔洛韦可减少硅基导尿管上50%的真菌生长,并通过扫描电子显微镜进行观察。更昔洛韦以浓度依赖的方式减少了两种菌株和白僵菌 C1 分离物的麦角甾醇生物合成。此外,一项基因表达谱研究表明,更昔洛韦处理会导致白僵菌中芽胞特异性抑制因子 MIG1、TUP1 和 NRG1 的上调。此外,对家蚕模型的体内研究进一步证明了更昔洛韦(0.5 mg/ml)对白僵菌的毒力抑制能力。这是第一份探讨更昔洛韦对致病性白僵菌菌株和临床分离株的新型抗变态反应活性的报告。此外,更昔洛韦与标准抗真菌药物联用后,可考虑用于治疗目的。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of cagA, cagM, vacA and oipA genes in isolates of Helicobacter pylori obtained from hospital patients in Northeast Brazil. 巴西东北部医院病人幽门螺杆菌分离物中 cagA、cagM、vacA 和 oipA 基因的流行情况。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01380-4
Thaynara Millena de Oliveira Bezerra, Keyla Vitória Marques Xavier, Ana Carolina de Oliveira Luz, Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Tereza Cristina Leal- Balbino

Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer. It is estimated that around half of the world's population is infected with this pathogen, with underdeveloped countries reporting the highest frequencies. The genes cagA, cagM, vacA, and oipA are some of the most important virulence factors of H. pylori; however, there are no recent studies from Recife-PE demonstrating their frequency, and their relationship with severe gastric modifications. This work aims to use qualitative PCR to detect the virulence genes cagA, cagM, vacA, and oipA in H. pylori isolates obtained from patients in a public hospital in Recife (PE). We collected samples from the stomach's body and antrum of 147 patients, from which 71 (48%) tested positive for H. pylori. Among positive samples, the most frequently infected gender was female (44/71, 62%), and the most frequently infected age group was those above the age of 46 (31/71, 44%). Histological examination of H. pylori-positive samples revealed alterations other than chronic gastritis, including metaplasia and atrophy. The frequency of cagA, cagM, and oipA genes were identified in 84%, 56%, and 69% of the samples tested, respectively, as well as the vacA-s1m1 allelic combination (77%). However, there was no statistically significant variation in the occurrence of these genes, therefore they cannot be considered unique markers of severity in our setting. New research with larger samples and investigations of other genetic markers can aid uncover local risk factors and lead to a better understanding of H. pylori's pathogenesis.

幽门螺杆菌是慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、粘膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤和胃癌等胃肠道疾病的主要病因。据估计,全球约有一半人口感染了这种病原体,其中不发达国家的感染率最高。cagA、cagM、vacA 和 oipA 基因是幽门螺杆菌最重要的毒力因子之一;然而,最近并没有来自 Recife-PE 的研究表明它们的频率及其与严重胃病的关系。这项研究旨在利用定性 PCR 技术检测从累西腓(PE)一家公立医院的患者身上分离出的幽门螺杆菌中的毒力基因 cagA、cagM、vacA 和 oipA。我们采集了 147 名患者的胃体和胃窦样本,其中 71 人(48%)幽门螺杆菌检测呈阳性。在阳性样本中,受感染最多的性别为女性(44/71,62%),受感染最多的年龄组为 46 岁以上(31/71,44%)。幽门螺杆菌阳性样本的组织学检查发现了慢性胃炎以外的病变,包括化生和萎缩。在检测的样本中,分别有 84%、56% 和 69% 发现了 cagA、cagM 和 oipA 基因,以及 vacA-s1m1 等位基因组合(77%)。然而,这些基因的发生率在统计学上没有显著差异,因此在我们的研究中不能将它们视为严重程度的独特标记。通过对更大样本进行新的研究和对其他遗传标记的调查,可以帮助发现当地的风险因素,从而更好地了解幽门螺杆菌的致病机理。
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引用次数: 0
Phylum-level studies of bacterial cutinases for unravelling enzymatic specificity toward PET degradation: an in silico approach. 细菌角质酶的门级研究,以揭示 PET 降解酶的特异性:一种硅学方法。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01362-6
Shubham Kumar, Bhupendra Chaudhary, Barkha Singhal

The overwhelming use of PET plastic in various day-to-day activities led to the voluminous increase in PET waste and growing environmental hazards. A plethora of methods have been used that are associated with secondary pollutants. Therefore, microbial degradation of PET provides a sustainable approach due to its versatile metabolic diversity and capacity. The present work highlights the cutinase enzyme's role in PET degradation. This study focuses on the bacterial cutinases homologs screened from 43 reported phylum of bacteria. The reported bacterial cutinases for plastic degradation have been chosen as reference sequences, and 917 sequences have shown homology across the bacterial phyla. The dienelactone hydrolase (DLH) domain was identified for attaining specificity towards PET binding in 196 of 917 sequences. Various computational tools have been used for the physicochemical characterization of 196 sequences. The analysis revealed that most selected sequences are hydrophilic, extracellular, and thermally stable. Based on this analysis, 17 sequences have been further pursued for three-dimensional structure prediction and validation. The molecular docking studies of 17 selected sequences revealed efficient PET binding with the three sequences derived from the phylum Bacteroidota, the lowest binding energy of -5.9 kcal/mol, Armatimonadota, and Nitrososphaerota with -5.8 kcal/mol. The two enzyme sequences retrieved from the phylum Bacteroidota and Armatimonadota are metagenomically derived. Therefore, the present studies concluded that there is a high probability of finding cutinase homologs in various environmental resources that can be further explored for PET degradation.

在各种日常活动中大量使用 PET 塑料,导致 PET 废弃物大量增加,环境危害日益严重。人们使用了大量与二次污染物有关的方法。因此,由于微生物代谢的多样性和能力,微生物降解 PET 提供了一种可持续的方法。本研究强调了角叉菜酶在 PET 降解中的作用。本研究的重点是从 43 个已报道的细菌门中筛选出的细菌角质酶同源物。研究选择了已报道的用于塑料降解的细菌角叉菜胶酶作为参考序列,917 个序列在各细菌门中显示出同源性。在 917 个序列中的 196 个序列中,二烯丙基内酯水解酶(DLH)结构域被确定为具有 PET 结合的特异性。对 196 个序列的物理化学特征采用了各种计算工具。分析表明,所选序列大多具有亲水性、细胞外性和热稳定性。在此分析基础上,进一步对 17 个序列进行了三维结构预测和验证。对 17 个选定序列进行的分子对接研究显示,PET 与来自细菌门的三个序列的结合能最低,为-5.9 kcal/mol,与 Armatimonadota 和 Nitrososphaerota 的结合能最低,为-5.8 kcal/mol。从类菌门和亚门检索到的两种酶序列均来自元基因组。因此,本研究得出结论,在各种环境资源中发现角叉菜胶酶同源物的可能性很大,可以进一步开发用于 PET 降解的酶。
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引用次数: 0
Rhizophagus intraradices and Azospirillum brasilense improve growth of herbaceous plants and soil biological activity in revegetation of a recovering coal-mining area. 在恢复煤矿区的植被重建过程中,Rhizophagus intraradices 和 Azospirillum brasilense 可改善草本植物的生长和土壤生物活性。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01390-2
Edenilson Meyer, Shantau Camargo Gomes Stoffel, Anna Flávia Neri de Almeida, Juliana do Amaral Scarsanella, André Steiner Vieira, Barbara Santos Ventura, Andressa Danielli Canei, Juliana Gress Bortolini, Sergio Miana de Faria, Cláudio Roberto Fonseca Sousa Soares, Paulo Emílio Lovato

We assessed, in a field experiment, the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus intraradices) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense) on the soil biological activity and the growth of key pioneer species used in the revegetation of coal-mining areas undergoing recovery. We applied four inoculation treatments to the pioneer plant species (Lablab purpureus, Paspalum notatum, Crotalaria juncea, Neonotonia wightii, Stylosanthes guianensis, Andropogon gayanus and Trifolium repens) used in the recovery process: NI (Control - Non-inoculated), AZO (A. brasilense), AMF (R. intraradices), and co-inoculation of AZO and AMF. On the 75th and 180th days, we measured plant dry mass, mycorrhizal colonization, N and P concentration, and accumulation in plant tissue. We collected soil to quantify glomalin content and soil enzyme activity. After 180 days, we did a phytosociological characterization of the remaining spontaneous plants.The both microorganisms, singly or co-inoculated, promoted increases in different fractions of soil glomalin, acid phosphatase activity, and fluorescein diacetate activity at 75 and 180 days. The inoculation was linked to higher plant biomass production (62-89%) and increased plant P and N accumulation by 34-75% and 70-85% at 180 days, compared with the non-inoculated treatment. Among the pioneer species sown Crotalaria juncea produced the highest biomass at the 75th and 180th days (67% and 76% of all biomass), followed by Lablab purpureus (3% and 0.5%), while the other species failed to establish. At 180 days, we observed twenty spontaneous plant species growing in the area, primarily from the Poaceae family (74%). That suggests that the pioneer species present in the area do not hinder the ecological succession process. Inoculation of R. intraradices and A. brasilense, isolated or combined, increases soil biological activity, growth, and nutrient accumulation in key pioneer plant species, indicating the potential of that technique for the recovery of lands degraded by coal mining.

我们在一项田间试验中评估了丛枝菌根真菌(Rhizophagus intraradices)和植物生长促进细菌(Azospirillum brasilense)对土壤生物活性和正在恢复的采煤区重新植被中使用的主要先锋物种生长的影响。我们对恢复过程中使用的先锋植物物种(Lablab purpureus、Paspalum notatum、Crotalaria juncea、Neonotonia wightii、Stylosanthes guianensis、Andropogon gayanus 和 Trifolium repens)进行了四种接种处理:NI(对照-未接种)、AZO(A. brasilense)、AMF(R. intraradices)以及 AZO 和 AMF 的联合接种。在第 75 天和第 180 天,我们测量了植物的干重、菌根定植率、氮和磷的浓度以及在植物组织中的积累。我们收集了土壤,以量化胶霉素含量和土壤酶活性。180 天后,我们对剩余的自生植物进行了植物社会学特征描述。在 75 天和 180 天时,两种微生物单独或共同接种都会促进土壤中不同部分的胶褐蛋白、酸性磷酸酶活性和荧光素二乙酸酯活性的增加。与未接种处理相比,接种可提高植物生物量产量(62-89%),并在 180 天内将植物的磷和氮积累量分别提高 34-75% 和 70-85%。在播种的先驱物种中,君子兰在第 75 天和第 180 天产生的生物量最高(占全部生物量的 67% 和 76%),其次是紫云英(3% 和 0.5%),而其他物种则未能成活。第 180 天时,我们观察到该区域自发生长了 20 个植物物种,主要来自菊科(74%)。这表明,该地区的先驱物种并没有阻碍生态演替过程。单独或联合接种 R. intraradices 和 A. brasilense,可提高主要先锋植物物种的土壤生物活性、生长和养分积累,这表明该技术在恢复因采煤而退化的土地方面具有潜力。
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引用次数: 0
ST88 ceftazidime-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is present in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis and AIDS from São Paulo State, Brazil. 巴西圣保罗州牙周炎和艾滋病患者的唾液和牙龈缝隙液中存在耐 ST88 头孢他啶的嗜麦芽霉菌。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01395-x
Felipe Pinheiro Vilela, Amanda Akemi Kakumoto, Carolina Nogueira Gomes, Tábata Larissa Santos Pólvora, Átila Vinícius Vítor Nobre, Alan Grupioni Lourenço, Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta, Juliana Pfrimer Falcão

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is an intrinsically drug-resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria causing infections in immunocompromised humans. This study reports the isolation of five S. maltophilia strains from saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of AIDS patients with periodontitis in São Paulo, Brazil, showing resistance to ceftazidime, strong biofilm formation capacity and a close genetic relationship. The presence of S. maltophilia strains in saliva and CGF of patients with AIDS and periodontitis is a concern for the presence and persistence of intrinsically resistant bacteria in the oral environment, enhancing the risk for the development of severe infections in immunocompromised patients.

嗜麦芽霉单胞菌(S. maltophilia)是一种具有内在耐药性并能形成生物膜的细菌,可引起免疫力低下人群的感染。本研究报告了从巴西圣保罗患有牙周炎的艾滋病患者的唾液和牙龈缝隙液(GCF)中分离出的五株嗜麦芽单胞菌,这些菌株对头孢唑肟有耐药性,具有很强的生物膜形成能力,而且基因关系密切。在艾滋病和牙周炎患者的唾液和牙龈龈沟液中发现嗜麦芽糖酵母菌菌株,令人担忧口腔环境中会存在耐药细菌并持续存在,从而增加免疫力低下患者发生严重感染的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial resistance, enterotoxin and biofilm production genes in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from facilities and fomites in veterinary hospital in the Caatinga biome. 从卡廷加生物群落的兽医院设施和粪便中分离出的葡萄球菌的抗菌药耐药性、肠毒素和生物膜生成基因。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01400-3
José Diniz de Souto Sobrinho, Ana Karolione de Valença Silva, Katianny Bezerra de Medeiros, Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues Silva, Ana Beatriz Monteiro de Medeiros, Débora Luise Canuto de Sousa, Sérgio Santos de Azevedo, Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista Santos

The Caatinga biome occurs only in Brazil and offers epidemiological conditions that should be assessed differently from other regions of Brazil and the world. Thus, the aim of this survey was to identify antimicrobial resistance, enterotoxin and biofilm production genes in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from facilities and fomites in a veterinary hospital in Caatinga biome. Samples were collected from surfaces of small animal clinical care tables (n =8), cages in the dog and cat hospitalisation sector and animals with infectious diseases (n = 21), small animal surgical centre (n =8), sterilisation sector (n =7) and stethoscopes (n = 32) by using sterile swabs. Bacterial isolation and identification, antimicrobial resistance phenotypic test and molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation and enterotoxin genes were carried out. Ninety-five bacterial isolates were obtained, and 29 (30.5%) were identified as Staphylococcus spp. Overall, 13 isolates (44.8%) of six species of Staphylococcus spp. showed antimicrobial resistance profile, as well as S. haemolyticus expressed phenotypic profile of multidrug resistance. The antimicrobials with the highest resistance rates were penicillin and tetracycline. The most frequent resistance genes were blaZ and tetM, both detected in 10 (76.9%) isolates. The mecA, tetL and tetK genes had frequencies of 38.5% (5/13), 23.1% (3/13) and 15.4% (2/13), respectively. The biofilm production marker, icaD gene, was detected in one S. sciuri strain. SEE gene, which encodes enterotoxins, was detected in 15.4% (2/13) of the strains (S. pseudintermedius and S. intermedius). The occurrence of Staphylococcus spp. carrying resistance genes to diferent classes of antimicrobials, presenting MDR phenotypic pattern and carrying enterotoxins and biofim encoding genes recovered from veterinary hospital facilities and fomites in the Caatinga biome reinforce the need to implement prevention cares in veterinary practices to avoid One Health-concerning conditions.

卡廷加生物群落仅出现在巴西,其流行病学条件应与巴西和世界其他地区的流行病学条件进行不同的评估。因此,本次调查的目的是鉴定从卡廷加生物群落一家兽医院的设施和粪便中分离出来的葡萄球菌的抗菌药耐药性、肠毒素和生物膜生成基因。使用无菌拭子从小动物临床护理台(n = 8)、猫狗住院部笼子和患有传染病的动物(n = 21)、小动物外科中心(n = 8)、消毒部门(n = 7)和听诊器(n = 32)的表面采集样本。进行了细菌分离和鉴定、抗菌素耐药性表型测试以及抗菌素耐药性、生物膜形成和肠毒素基因的分子检测。总体而言,6 种葡萄球菌中有 13 种(44.8%)表现出抗菌药耐药性,其中溶血性葡萄球菌表现出多药耐药性表型。耐药率最高的抗菌素是青霉素和四环素。最常见的耐药基因是 blaZ 和 tetM,在 10 个(76.9%)分离株中都检测到了这两种基因。mecA、tetL 和 tetK 基因的频率分别为 38.5%(5/13)、23.1%(3/13)和 15.4%(2/13)。在一株 S. sciuri 菌株中检测到了生物膜生成标记 icaD 基因。在 15.4%(2/13)的菌株(假中间葡萄球菌和中间葡萄球菌)中检测到编码肠毒素的 SEE 基因。在卡廷加生物群落的兽医院设施和粪便中发现了对不同类别的抗菌素具有耐药性基因的葡萄球菌,这些葡萄球菌具有 MDR 表型模式,并携带肠毒素和编码生物菲姆的基因,因此有必要在兽医实践中实施预防措施,以避免出现影响 "一个健康 "的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring extended-spectrum beta lactamase resistance in Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae within the tropical mangrove ecosystem of southwest India. 探索印度西南部热带红树林生态系统中副溶血性弧菌和霍乱弧菌对广谱β内酰胺酶的耐药性。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01404-z
Gopika Sivan, Hridya V K, Divya P Sukumaran, Mohamed Hatha Abdulla

Multidrug-resistant pathogenic vibrios are a crisis of concern as they cause multiple illnesses, including gastroenteritis in humans and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis in aquaculture. In the current study, we investigated the prevalence of the beta-lactamase gene CTX-M-group 1 in Vibrio spp. (Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus) from the water and sediment of urban tropical mangrove ecosystems of Kerala, southwest India. A total of 120 isolates of Vibrio spp. were tested for antibiotic susceptibility to 14 antibiotics. In water, ampicillin resistance was very high in isolates of V. cholerae (94.1%, n = 17) and V. parahaemolyticus (89.1%, n = 46). 26.9% of V. parahaemolyticus and 14.2% of V. cholerae harbored the CTX-M-group 1 gene in water samples. Compared to V. cholerae, the CTX-M-group 1 gene was exclusively hosted by V. parahaemolyticus (49%) in sediment samples. A significant difference in the prevalence of the CTX-M-group 1 gene was observed among Vibrio spp. in both water and sediment samples (p < 0.05). The results revealed the presence of multidrug-resistant and beta-lactamase harboring Vibrio spp. in mangrove ecosystems, which may have evolved as a consequence of the misuse and abuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics as prophylaxis in human health care and aquaculture.

耐多药病原性弧菌是一种令人担忧的危机,因为它们会引发多种疾病,包括人类的肠胃炎和水产养殖中的急性肝胰腺坏死。在本研究中,我们调查了印度西南部喀拉拉邦城市热带红树林生态系统的水和沉积物中霍乱弧菌属(霍乱弧菌和副溶血性弧菌)β-内酰胺酶基因 CTX-M-1 组的流行情况。共检测了 120 株弧菌分离物对 14 种抗生素的敏感性。在水中,霍乱弧菌(94.1%,n = 17)和副溶血性弧菌(89.1%,n = 46)分离物对氨苄西林的耐药性非常高。水样中 26.9% 的副溶血性霍乱弧菌和 14.2% 的霍乱弧菌携带 CTX-M-1 组基因。与霍乱弧菌相比,在沉积物样本中,CTX-M-1 组基因仅由副溶血性霍乱弧菌(49%)携带。在水和沉积物样本中,CTX-M-1 组基因在弧菌属之间的流行率存在明显差异(p
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引用次数: 0
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Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
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