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Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase) production analysis in E. coli strains from the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo River in Tamaulipas, Mexico. 墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州格兰德河/布拉沃河大肠杆菌菌株的抗菌药耐药性、毒力基因和 ESBL(广谱β-内酰胺酶)产生分析。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01376-0
Rocío Requena-Castro, María Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola, Ana Verónica Martínez-Vázquez, Wendy Lizeth Cruz-Pulido, Gildardo Rivera, Virgilio Bocanegra-García

The Rio Grande/Rio Bravo River is used as a major water supply for diverse recreational, household, and industrial activities in Northeast Tamaulipas, Mexico, and South Texas. In this study, we sampled surface water from 38 sites along Rio Grande/Rio Bravo River (Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa and Matamoros). We isolated 105 E. coli strains that were molecularly and phenotypically characterized. The percentage of virulence genes detected in E. coli were: hlyA (15.23%), stx2 (11.42%), stx1 (9.52%), bfp (0.95%), and eae (0.0) and combinations of stx1/stx2 (2.85%), stx2/hlyA (1.90%), stx1/bfp (0.95%) and stx2/bfp (0.95%) were detected in these strains. Resistance to more than one antibiotic was detected in 85.71%, and 5.71% of strains were extended-spectrum β-lactamase-E. coli (ESBL-EC). These results indicate the presence of potentially pathogenic E. coli strains in the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo River; therefore, it can be considered a reservoir of pathogenic strains and represents a health risk for the population.

里奥格兰德/里奥布拉沃河是墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州东北部和得克萨斯州南部各种娱乐、家庭和工业活动的主要水源。在这项研究中,我们对格兰德河/布拉沃河沿岸(迪亚斯奥尔达斯、雷诺萨和马塔莫罗斯)的 38 个地点的地表水进行了采样。我们分离了 105 株大肠杆菌,并对其进行了分子和表型鉴定。在这些菌株中检测到的大肠杆菌毒力基因比例分别为:hlyA(15.23%)、stx2(11.42%)、stx1(9.52%)、bfp(0.95%)和 eae(0.0),以及 stx1/stx2(2.85%)、stx2/hlyA(1.90%)、stx1/bfp(0.95%)和 stx2/bfp(0.95%)的组合。85.71%的菌株对一种以上的抗生素具有耐药性,5.71%的菌株为广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌(ESBL-EC)。这些结果表明,格兰德河/布拉沃河中存在潜在的致病性大肠杆菌菌株;因此,可以认为格兰德河/布拉沃河是一个致病性菌株库,对人们的健康构成威胁。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the interaction of zno nanoparticles with flagellum and fimbriae in multi-drug resistant uropathogenic bacteria encoding fli and fim genes. 研究编码 fli 和 fim 基因的多重耐药尿路致病菌中 zno 纳米粒子与鞭毛和指状体的相互作用。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01445-4
Maryam Bagheri Mohammadgholi Pour, Monir Doudi, Ali Mohammad Ahadi, Gholam Reza Amiri

Due to the increasing occurrence of drug resistant urinary tract infections (UTI) among children, there is a need to investigate alternative effective treatment protocols such as nanoparticles. Flagella and fimbriae are primary factors contributing the virulence of urinary tract infecting bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles which have been synthesized using both chemical and green methods on multi-drug resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacteria encoding fli and fim genes and investigating their binding ability to bacterial appendage proteins. A total of 30 urine culture samples were collected from children under 2 years old diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The isolates underwent antibiotic suseptibility assessment and the isolates demonstrating MDR were subjected to molecular amplification of fimG (fimbrial) and fliD and fliT (flagellal) genes. The confirmation of cellular appendages was achieved through silver nitrate staining. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthetized nanoparticles was assessed using the micro and macrodilution methods. The successful binding of nanoparticles to bacterial appendage proteins was confirmed through mobility shift and membrane filter assays. The dimensions of chemically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and green nanoparticles were measured at 30 nm and 85 nm, respectively, with the exhibition of hexagonal geometries. The nanoparticles synthesized through chemical and green methods exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.0062-0.025 g/L and 0.3 g/L, respectively. The ability of ZnO nanoparticles to bind bacterial appendage proteins and to combat MDR uropathogenic bacteria are promising for new treatment protocols against UTI in children in future.

由于儿童尿路感染(UTI)耐药性的发生率越来越高,因此有必要研究其他有效的治疗方案,如纳米粒子。鞭毛和纤毛虫是导致尿路感染细菌毒性的主要因素。本研究旨在评估使用化学和绿色方法合成的氧化锌纳米粒子对编码 fli 和 fim 基因的多重耐药(MDR)尿路致病菌的抗菌效果,并研究其与细菌附属蛋白的结合能力。研究人员从确诊为尿路感染的两岁以下儿童中收集了 30 份尿培养样本。对分离物进行了抗生素敏感性评估,并对显示出 MDR 的分离物进行了 fimG(fimbrial)、fliD 和 fliT(flellal)基因的分子扩增。通过硝酸银染色确认了细胞附属物。使用微量稀释法和大量稀释法评估了合成纳米粒子的抗菌效果。通过迁移率转移和膜过滤试验证实了纳米粒子与细菌附属物蛋白的成功结合。经测量,化学合成的氧化锌纳米粒子和绿色纳米粒子的尺寸分别为 30 nm 和 85 nm,呈六边形几何结构。通过化学和绿色方法合成的纳米粒子的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为 0.0062-0.025 g/L 和 0.3 g/L。氧化锌纳米粒子能与细菌附属蛋白结合,并能对抗MDR尿路致病菌,有望成为未来治疗儿童UTI的新方案。
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引用次数: 0
Biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes from the meat processing industry environment and the use of different combinations of detergents, sanitizers, and UV-A radiation to control this microorganism in planktonic and sessile forms. 肉类加工业环境中单核细胞增生李斯特菌生物膜的形成,以及使用洗涤剂、消毒剂和紫外线-A 辐射的不同组合来控制这种浮游和无柄微生物。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01361-7
Larissa Siqueira Lima, Taís Nunzio Müller, Rafaela Ansiliero, Marcia Bär Schuster, Bruna Louise Silva, Itiane Barcellos Jaskulski, Wladimir Padilha da Silva, Liziane Schittler Moroni

This study aimed to evaluate the ability of biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes from the meat processing industry environment, as well as the use of different combinations of detergents, sanitizers, and UV-A radiation in the control of this microorganism in the planktonic and sessile forms. Four L. monocytogenes isolates were evaluated and showed moderate ability to form biofilm, as well as carried genes related to biofilm production (agrB, agrD, prfA, actA, cheA, cheY, flaA, sigB), and genes related to tolerance to sanitizers (lde and qacH). The biofilm-forming isolates of L. monocytogenes were susceptible to quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) and peracetic acid (PA) in planktonic form, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 125 and 75 ppm, respectively, for contact times of 10 and 5 min. These concentrations are lower than those recommended by the manufacturers, which are at least 200 and 300 ppm for QAC and PA, respectively. Biofilms of L. monocytogenes formed from a pool of isolates on stainless steel and polyurethane coupons were subjected to 14 treatments involving acid and enzymatic detergents, QAC and PA sanitizers, and UV-A radiation at varying concentrations and contact times. All treatments reduced L. monocytogenes counts in the biofilm, indicating that the tested detergents, sanitizers, and UV-A radiation exhibited antimicrobial activity against biofilms on both surface types. Notably, the biofilm formed on polyurethane showed greater tolerance to the evaluated compounds than the biofilm on stainless steel, likely due to the material's surface facilitating faster microbial colonization and the development of a more complex structure, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Listeria monocytogenes isolates from the meat processing industry carry genes associated with biofilm production and can form biofilms on both stainless steel and polyurethane surfaces, which may contribute to their persistence within meat processing lines. Despite carrying sanitizer tolerance genes, QAC and PA effectively controlled these microorganisms in their planktonic form. However, combinations of detergent (AC and ENZ) with sanitizers (QAC and PA) at minimum concentrations of 125 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively, were the most effective.

本研究旨在评估肉类加工业环境中的单核细胞增多性酵母菌形成生物膜的能力,以及使用洗涤剂、消毒剂和紫外线-A 辐射的不同组合来控制这种微生物的浮游和无柄形态。对四种单核细胞增多性乳酸杆菌分离物进行了评估,结果表明它们具有中等的形成生物膜的能力,并携带与生物膜产生有关的基因(agrB、agrD、prfA、actA、cheA、cheY、flaA、sigB)和与耐受消毒剂有关的基因(lde 和 qacH)。单核细胞增多性酵母菌的生物膜形成分离物对浮游状态下的季铵化合物(QAC)和过氧乙酸(PA)具有敏感性,接触时间分别为 10 分钟和 5 分钟,最低抑制浓度分别为 125 ppm 和 75 ppm。这些浓度低于制造商推荐的浓度,QAC 和 PA 的推荐浓度分别为至少 200 和 300 ppm。对不锈钢和聚氨酯试样上的单核细胞增多症生物膜进行了 14 种处理,包括不同浓度和接触时间的酸和酶洗涤剂、QAC 和 PA 消毒剂以及紫外线-A 辐射。所有处理方法都降低了生物膜中的单核细胞增生性酵母菌数量,表明所测试的清洁剂、消毒剂和紫外线-A 辐射对这两种表面类型上的生物膜都具有抗菌活性。值得注意的是,与不锈钢上的生物膜相比,聚氨酯上形成的生物膜对评估化合物的耐受性更强,这可能是由于材料表面有利于微生物更快定植并形成更复杂的结构(扫描电子显微镜观察到)。肉类加工业中分离出的单核细胞增生李斯特菌携带与生物膜生成有关的基因,可以在不锈钢和聚氨酯表面形成生物膜,这可能是它们在肉类加工生产线中持久存在的原因。尽管携带耐消毒剂基因,QAC 和 PA 仍能有效控制这些浮游微生物。不过,洗涤剂(AC 和 ENZ)与消毒剂(QAC 和 PA)的组合(最低浓度分别为 125 ppm 和 300 ppm)最为有效。
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引用次数: 0
Co-infection of Lactococcus garvieae and Aeromonas hydrophila in cultured Nile Tilapia in Kerala, India. 印度喀拉拉邦尼罗罗非鱼养殖过程中加维氏乳球菌和嗜水气单胞菌的双重感染。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01415-w
Reshma Rajeev Nair, Kollanoor Riji John, Preenanka Rajan, Rahul Krishnan, Muhammed Puratheparampilchira Safeena

Co-infection of Lactococcus garvieae and Aeromonas hydrophila, has been confirmed from diseased Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Chithralada strain cultured in a freshwater rearing pond of Alappuzha district of Kerala, India. The aetiological agents behind the disease outbreak were bacteriologically proven and confirmed by 16SrRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. PCR detection of the virulent genes, showed existence of adhesin and hemolysin in L. garvieae and aerolysin in A. hydrophila strain obtained. To fulfil Koch's postulates, challenge experiments were conducted and median lethal dose (LD50) of L. garvieae and A. hydrophila was calculated as 1 × 105.91 CFU per mL and 1 × 105.2 CFU per mL respectively. Histopathologically, eyes, spleen, and kidney were the predominantly infected organs by L. garvieae and A. hydrophila. Out of the 13 antibiotics tested to check antibiotic susceptibility, L. garvieae showed resistance to almost 7 antibiotics tested, with a resistance to Ciprofloxacin while A. hydrophila was found resistant to Streptomycin and Erythromycin. Understanding the complex interaction between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the disease process and pathogenesis in fish host will contribute to efficient treatment strategies. As a preliminary investigation into this complex interaction, the present study is aimed at phenotypic and genotypic characterization, pathogenicity evaluation, and antibiotic susceptibility of the co-infecting pathogens in a diseased sample of freshwater-farmed Nile tilapia.

在印度喀拉拉邦阿拉普扎地区的一个淡水饲养池塘中养殖的尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)Chithralada菌株被证实同时感染了加维氏乳球菌和嗜水气单胞菌。疫情背后的病原体经细菌学证实,并通过 16SrRNA 测序和系统发育分析得到确认。对致病基因的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测显示,在加维氏梭菌中存在粘附素和溶血素,而在嗜水蝇菌株中则存在溶气素。为了验证科赫假设,进行了挑战实验,计算出蒜孢菌和蚜虫的中位致死剂量(LD50)分别为每毫升 1 × 105.91 CFU 和每毫升 1 × 105.2 CFU。从组织病理学角度看,眼睛、脾脏和肾脏是主要受加维氏梭菌和蚜虫感染的器官。在检测抗生素敏感性的 13 种抗生素中,加维氏酵母菌对近 7 种抗生素表现出耐药性,其中对环丙沙星具有耐药性,而蚜虫对链霉素和红霉素具有耐药性。了解革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌在鱼类宿主的疾病过程和致病机理中的复杂相互作用,将有助于制定有效的治疗策略。作为对这种复杂相互作用的初步调查,本研究旨在对淡水养殖的尼罗罗非鱼病害样本中的共感染病原体进行表型和基因型鉴定、致病性评估和抗生素敏感性评价。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the biofilm inhibitory potential of Candida sp. UFSJ7A glycolipid on siliconized latex catheters. 探索硅胶乳胶导管上白色念珠菌 UFSJ7A 糖脂的生物膜抑制潜力。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01431-w
Cibele Garcia Bastos, Diego Fernandes Livio, Maria Auxiliadora de Oliveira, Hiure Gomes Ramos Meira, Vinícius Souza Tarabal, Heloísa Carneiro Colares, Adriano Guimarães Parreira, Rafael César Russo Chagas, Marcelo Gomes Speziali, José Antônio da Silva, José Mauro Granjeiro, Ruben Dario Sinisterra Millán, Daniel Bonoto Gonçalves, Paulo Afonso Granjeiro

Biosurfactants, sustainable alternatives to petrochemical surfactants, are gaining attention for their potential in medical applications. This study focuses on producing, purifying, and characterizing a glycolipid biosurfactant from Candida sp. UFSJ7A, particularly for its application in biofilm prevention on siliconized latex catheter surfaces. The glycolipid was extracted and characterized, revealing a critical micellar concentration (CMC) of 0.98 mg/mL, indicating its efficiency at low concentrations. Its composition, confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thin layer chromatography (TLC), identified it as an anionic biosurfactant with a significant ionic charge of -14.8 mV. This anionic nature contributes to its biofilm prevention capabilities. The glycolipid showed a high emulsification index (E24) for toluene, gasoline, and soy oil and maintained stability under various pH and temperature conditions. Notably, its anti-adhesion activity against biofilms formed by Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans was substantial. When siliconized latex catheter surfaces were preconditioned with 2 mg/mL of the glycolipid, biofilm formation was reduced by up to 97% for E. coli and C. albicans and 57% for E. faecalis. These results are particularly significant when compared to the efficacy of conventional surfactants like SDS, especially for E. coli and C. albicans. This study highlights glycolipids' potential as a biotechnological tool in reducing biofilm-associated infections on medical devices, demonstrating their promising applicability in healthcare settings.

生物表面活性剂是石化表面活性剂的可持续替代品,因其在医疗领域的应用潜力而备受关注。本研究的重点是从白色念珠菌 UFSJ7A 中生产、纯化和鉴定一种糖脂类生物表面活性剂,特别是将其应用于硅化乳胶导管表面的生物膜预防。对糖脂进行了提取和表征,发现其临界胶束浓度(CMC)为 0.98 mg/mL,这表明它在低浓度下也能发挥功效。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和薄层色谱法(TLC)确认了它的成分,确定它是一种阴离子生物表面活性剂,离子电荷为-14.8 mV。这种阴离子性质有助于其防止生物膜形成的能力。这种糖脂对甲苯、汽油和大豆油具有较高的乳化指数(E24),并能在各种 pH 值和温度条件下保持稳定。值得注意的是,它对大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌和白色念珠菌形成的生物膜具有很强的抗粘附活性。用 2 mg/mL 的糖脂对硅化乳胶导管表面进行预处理后,大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌的生物膜形成减少了 97%,粪肠球菌的生物膜形成减少了 57%。与 SDS 等传统表面活性剂的功效相比,这些结果尤为显著,尤其是对大肠杆菌和白僵菌。这项研究凸显了糖脂作为一种生物技术工具在减少医疗设备上生物膜相关感染方面的潜力,显示了其在医疗保健领域的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Salmonellosis in adult cattle in Central Argentina: case series. 阿根廷中部成年牛沙门氏菌病:系列病例。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01419-6
Ignacio Azaldegui, María Andrea Fiorentino, Eleonora Morrell, Ernesto Odriozola, Juan Agustín García, Germán Cantón

Salmonellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria belonging to the Salmonella genus. Bovine salmonellosis is more frequent in young cattle under intensive overcrowd husbandry conditions, and therefore uncommon in adults. We report four outbreaks of clinical salmonellosis due to Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Newport and Salmonella Dublin provoking outbreaks of diarrheic/septicemic disease in adult cattle of Central Argentina. Anamnesis information, clinical, pathological, and bacteriological findings were retrospective analyzed. This report emphasizes the importance to include salmonellosis among the differential diagnosis of clinical enteric/septicemic disease in adult cattle under different husbandry conditions in Argentina. The source of Salmonella could not be established in these outbreaks.

沙门氏菌病是一种由沙门氏菌属细菌引起的传染病。牛沙门氏菌病多发于密集拥挤饲养条件下的幼牛,因此在成年牛中并不常见。我们报告了阿根廷中部四起由鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、新港沙门氏菌和都柏林沙门氏菌引起的成年牛腹泻/败血症临床沙门氏菌病暴发疫情。对病例信息、临床、病理和细菌学结果进行了回顾性分析。该报告强调了在阿根廷不同饲养条件下将沙门氏菌病列入成年牛临床肠道/败血症鉴别诊断的重要性。在这些疫情中,沙门氏菌的来源无法确定。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and mycological analysis of colonization by Candida spp. in oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus. 口腔白斑和口腔扁平苔藓中念珠菌属定植的临床和真菌学分析。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01416-9
Vinícius Matos Novo, Mariana Pires Feletti, Simone Bravim Maifrede, Juliana Zucoloto da Fonseca, Rodrigo Cayô, Sarah Santos Gonçalves, Tânia Regina Grão-Velloso

Objective: This study aims to analyze the prevalence of Candida spp. colonization in oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus lesions, verify the influence of systemic and local factors, besides identify and determine the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species.

Materials and methods: Samples were collected by swabbing from oral lesions and healthy mucosa and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose and CHROMagar® Candida plates. Species identification was confirmed with MALDI-TOF MS analysis.

Results: Candida spp. was found in 36.8% of cases of oral leukoplakia and 18.2% of cases of oral lichen planus. Candida albicans was the only species found in oral lichen planus lesions (n = 2, 100%) and the most prevalent in oral leukoplakia (n = 5, 76.4%). Among the non-albicans Candida species found in oral leukoplakia were C. parapsilosis (n = 2, 25.5%) and C. tropicalis (n = 1, 14.1%). Candida isolates were susceptible to all antifungals tested.

Conclusion: C. albicans was the most commonly found species in the studied lesions. No correlation was found between systemic and local factors with positive cases of oral lichen planus. However, smoking and alcohol consumption may be associated with positive cases of oral leukoplakia, especially the non-homogeneous clinical form. In addition, there is a possible predisposition to associated Candida colonization in cases of epithelial dysplasia found in oral leukoplakia. The antifungal medications tested showed excellent efficacy against isolates.

研究目的本研究旨在分析念珠菌在口腔白斑和口腔扁平苔藓病变中的定植率,验证全身和局部因素的影响,并鉴定和确定念珠菌的体外抗真菌敏感性:从口腔病变部位和健康粘膜拭取样本,在沙保露葡萄糖和 CHROMagar® 念珠菌平板上培养。通过 MALDI-TOF MS 分析确认菌种:结果:36.8%的口腔白斑病和 18.2%的口腔扁平苔藓病例中发现了念珠菌属。白色念珠菌是唯一在口腔扁平苔藓病变中发现的菌种(n = 2,100%),也是口腔白斑病中最常见的菌种(n = 5,76.4%)。在口腔白斑病中发现的非白色念珠菌中,有副丝状念珠菌(2 个,25.5%)和热带念珠菌(1 个,14.1%)。念珠菌分离株对所有测试的抗真菌药都敏感:结论:白念珠菌是研究病灶中最常见的菌种。研究发现,全身和局部因素与口腔扁平苔藓阳性病例之间没有相关性。不过,吸烟和饮酒可能与口腔白斑病阳性病例有关,尤其是非同质性临床病例。此外,在口腔白斑病上皮发育不良的病例中,可能存在念珠菌定植的倾向。所测试的抗真菌药物对分离出的念珠菌有很好的疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative analysis of bacterial diversity in accumulated snow and exposed sediments across Antarctic Islands. 南极岛屿积雪和暴露沉积物中细菌多样性的比较分析。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01360-8
Namrata Jiya, Rochita Ghosh, Prafulla Shede, Avinash Sharma

The Antarctic continent hosts exceptional niches, making it an ideal environment for studying polyextremophilic microorganisms. These organisms are uniquely shaped by the geographic niches and variations in soil types. Here we present, a culture-independent approach using DNA metabarcoding to assess the bacterial communities associated with accumulated snow and exposed sediments across different Antarctic islands situated in the Larsemann Hills, Antarctica. The exposed sediments (ES) were found to be more diverse than the accumulated snow (AS) sediments as represented by the alpha diversity metrics. Out of the total 303 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) found at the genus level, 93 were unique to accumulated snow sediments and 97 were unique to exposed sediments. The bacterial community composition in accumulated snow was dominated by the phylum Actinobacteriota (24.7%). However, Pseudonocardia (11.9%), Crossiella (11%), and Rhodanobacter (9.1%) were the predominant genera. In contrast, in the exposed sediments, Bacteroidota (24.6%) was the most prevalent phylum, with Crossiella (17.1%), Rhodanobacter (11.1%), and Blastocatella (10%) as the most abundant genera. Metagenomic imputations revealed the abundance of gene families responsible for carbon metabolism, coping with environmental stresses through DNA repair mechanisms, and carbon fixation.

南极大陆拥有独特的生态位,是研究嗜极微生物的理想环境。这些微生物因地理生态位和土壤类型的变化而形成。在此,我们介绍一种独立于培养的方法,利用 DNA 代谢编码来评估与位于南极洲拉尔斯曼丘陵的不同南极岛屿上的积雪和裸露沉积物相关的细菌群落。从阿尔法多样性指标来看,暴露沉积物(ES)的多样性高于积雪沉积物(AS)。在总共 303 个扩增子序列变体(ASV)中,93 个为积雪沉积物所独有,97 个为裸露沉积物所独有。积雪中的细菌群落组成以放线菌门(24.7%)为主。然而,假心皮菌属(11.9%)、克罗斯菌属(11%)和罗丹菌属(9.1%)是主要的菌属。相反,在暴露的沉积物中,类杆菌科(24.6%)是最普遍的门类,克氏菌属(17.1%)、罗丹菌属(11.1%)和布氏菌属(10%)是最多的菌属。元基因组推断显示,负责碳代谢、通过 DNA 修复机制应对环境压力和碳固定的基因家族数量丰富。
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引用次数: 0
Influenza A, influenza B, and SARS-COV-2 circulation patterns in midwest Brazil during the 2022-2023 period. 2022-2023 年期间巴西中西部的甲型流感、乙型流感和 SARS-COV-2 流行模式。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01381-3
Fernanda Craveiro Franco, Menira Souza, Suleimy Marinho Fernandes, Arthur de Castro Dias, Yasmin Gomes Passos, Fabíola Souza Fiaccadori

Until 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, had profoundly impacted the world. Consequently, Brazil, including the state of Goiás, was also significantly affected. Furthermore, in the second half of 2022, the state of Goiás experienced an unusual rise in influenza cases, despite it being an off-season period for influenza viruses in this region. As SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza infection have similar clinical manifestations, surveillance strategies are crucial for public health. Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza viruses co-circulate is important for surveillance and monitoring of these patterns of respiratory infections. In this context, this investigation monitored Influenza A and B cases from symptomatic individuals diagnosed as negative for COVID-19. Between September 2022 and May 2023, among the 779 samples tested, 126 (16.2%) were positive for Influenza A, whereas 93 samples (11.9%) were positive for Influenza B. In this period, the peak Influenza infection cases did not coincide with the peak of SARS-CoV-2 infections, suggesting a seasonal shift in viral circulation patterns.

直到 2022 年,由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的 COVID-19 大流行病对全世界产生了深远的影响。因此,包括戈亚斯州在内的巴西也受到了严重影响。此外,尽管 2022 年下半年是该地区流感病毒的淡季,但戈亚斯州的流感病例却异常增多。由于 SARS-CoV-2 和流感感染有相似的临床表现,因此监测策略对公共卫生至关重要。了解 SARS-CoV-2 和流感病毒如何共同传播,对于监测和监控这些呼吸道感染模式非常重要。在此背景下,本调查对被诊断为 COVID-19 阴性的无症状患者的甲型和乙型流感病例进行了监测。在 2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 5 月期间,在 779 个检测样本中,有 126 个样本(16.2%)对甲型流感病毒呈阳性反应,93 个样本(11.9%)对乙型流感病毒呈阳性反应。
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling the traits of antibiotic resistance and virulence in Escherichia coli obtained from poultry waste. 揭示家禽粪便中大肠埃希菌的抗生素耐药性和毒力特征。
IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01367-1
Sahil Yoginath Bhambure, Lakiesha Inacia Coelho E Costa, Ashwitha M Gatty, Kavitha Guladahalli Manjunatha, Rajeshwari Vittal, Akhila Dharnappa Sannejal

Antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) have become significant concerns, contributing to adverse environmental effects. The extensive use of antibiotics in poultry farming has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant APEC strains. This study prioritizes the molecular screening of APEC to uncover their antibiotic resistance and virulence attributes, with specific attention to their environmental impact. To address the imperative of understanding APEC pathogenesis, our study analyzed 50 poultry waste samples including 10 poultry litter, 15 fecal matter, 15 wastewater, and 10 anatomical waste samples. For the presence of virulence genes, 35 Escherichia coli isolates were subjected to molecular characterization. Amongst these, 27 were APEC strains demonstrating the presence of at least four virulence genes each. Notably, virulence genes such as fimH, ompA, ybjX, waaL, cvaC, hlyF, iss, ompT, and iroN were observed among all the E. coli isolates. Furthermore, eleven of the APEC strains exhibited resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, sulphonamides, and fluoroquinolones.These findings highlight the role of APEC as a potential source of environmental pollution serving as a reservoir for virulence and resistance genes. Understanding the dynamics of antibiotic resistance and virulence in APEC is essential due to its potential threat to broiler chickens and the broader population through the food chain, intensifying concerns related to environmental pollution. Recognizing the ecological impact of APEC is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate environmental pollution and safeguard the health of ecosystems and human populations.

禽类致病性大肠埃希氏菌(APEC)的抗生素耐药性和毒力因子已成为人们关注的重要问题,并对环境造成了不利影响。家禽养殖业中抗生素的广泛使用导致了抗生素耐药 APEC 菌株的出现。本研究优先对 APEC 进行分子筛选,以揭示其抗生素耐药性和毒力属性,并特别关注其对环境的影响。为了了解 APEC 的致病机理,我们的研究分析了 50 份家禽废弃物样本,包括 10 份家禽粪便、15 份粪便、15 份废水和 10 份解剖废弃物样本。为了检测毒力基因的存在,我们对 35 个大肠埃希氏菌分离物进行了分子鉴定。其中 27 株为 APEC 菌株,每株至少含有 4 个毒力基因。值得注意的是,在所有大肠杆菌分离物中都发现了 fimH、ombA、ybjX、waaL、cvaC、hlyF、iss、ombT 和 iroN 等毒力基因。此外,有 11 株 APEC 菌株表现出对四环素、氨苄西林、磺胺类药物和氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性。这些发现凸显了 APEC 作为潜在环境污染源的作用,是毒力和耐药性基因的储存库。了解 APEC 中抗生素耐药性和毒力的动态至关重要,因为它通过食物链对肉鸡和更广泛的人群构成潜在威胁,加剧了与环境污染有关的担忧。认识到亚太经合组织对生态的影响对于制定有效战略以减轻环境污染、保护生态系统和人类健康至关重要。
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Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
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