Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_128_16
A. Rufa’i, A. Oyeyemi, Af Kadafa, A. Lawan, I. Saidu, S. Aliyu, Abdurrahman Mohammed Jajere
{"title":"Musculoskeletal Pain after Stroke: Prevalence, patterns and distribution among survivors in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria","authors":"A. Rufa’i, A. Oyeyemi, Af Kadafa, A. Lawan, I. Saidu, S. Aliyu, Abdurrahman Mohammed Jajere","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_128_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_128_16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73041048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_121_16
M. B. Mahre, S. Ngulde, B. Umaru, F. Mshelbwala, D. Yahi, A. Waziri, Aji T Goni, B. Wampana
Background: This study was carried out to determine the effects of sildenafil citrate on morphology of the testes and spermatogenesis during wound healing process in diabetic rats. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats randomly divided into two groups (A and B) of 9 rats per group were treated orally with sildenafil citrate at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 21 days and or/single dose of intraperitoneal injection of insulin (10 IU). Before treatment, type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in group A by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (130 mg/kg) and a squareshaped wound measuring 1.5 cm2 was created under anesthesia with ketamine at the dose rate of 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection on the dorsum of rats in all groups with the exception of 3 rats in group B. From each of the two groups (A and B), 9 rats were humanely sacrificed for histology and sperm count. This was done after the administration of the sildenafil citrate on day 21. The results of the study showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in testicular and epididymal sperm head counts. Sections of the testes showed severe vacuolar degeneration of germinal epithelial cells in the seminiferous tubules in diabetic rats during the 21 days of treatment with sildenafil citrate. This indicates that sildenafil citrate may not have any protective effect against testicular injury due to wound healing process in diabetic rats.
{"title":"Effects of Sildenafil Citrate On Testicular Histology and Sperm Count During Wound Healing Process in Diabetic Rats","authors":"M. B. Mahre, S. Ngulde, B. Umaru, F. Mshelbwala, D. Yahi, A. Waziri, Aji T Goni, B. Wampana","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_121_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_121_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was carried out to determine the effects of sildenafil citrate on morphology of the testes and spermatogenesis during wound healing process in diabetic rats. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats randomly divided into two groups (A and B) of 9 rats per group were treated orally with sildenafil citrate at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 21 days and or/single dose of intraperitoneal injection of insulin (10 IU). Before treatment, type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in group A by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (130 mg/kg) and a squareshaped wound measuring 1.5 cm2 was created under anesthesia with ketamine at the dose rate of 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection on the dorsum of rats in all groups with the exception of 3 rats in group B. From each of the two groups (A and B), 9 rats were humanely sacrificed for histology and sperm count. This was done after the administration of the sildenafil citrate on day 21. The results of the study showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in testicular and epididymal sperm head counts. Sections of the testes showed severe vacuolar degeneration of germinal epithelial cells in the seminiferous tubules in diabetic rats during the 21 days of treatment with sildenafil citrate. This indicates that sildenafil citrate may not have any protective effect against testicular injury due to wound healing process in diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73328732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_148_16
Yakubu Surajuddeen, A. Mamuda, B. Bello
Background: Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) and Predictive Salvage Index (PSI) are two common diagnostic tools used to assess traumatic limb for amputation or salvage. However, there is paucity of local data with regards to accuracy of the tools. Objective: This study is therefore aimed at comparing the accuracy and predictive value of MESS and PSI in lower limb salvage and amputation following trauma in National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala (NOHD), Kano. Methodology: Twenty-three individuals with mangled extremity participated in this hospital-based one-year prospective, interventional study. Socio-demographic data of participants were collected and recorded as well as the severity of the injury at the time of initial presentation using both MESS and PSI by the researcher while the Consulting surgeons went ahead to make their decision as per their clinical routine without any influence from the researcher. Results: Findings of the study showed that MESS has a high sensitivity score of 89% and a low to medium specificity score of 43.8% with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 47.1% while PSI had a high specificity with low to medium sensitivity scores of 81.25% and 55% respectively with a PPV of 62.50%. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that MESS had high sensitivity and low specificity than PSI which had higher specificity and lower sensitivity than MESS in predicting amputation and limb salvage in patients with mangled lower extremity injuries. It is, therefore, recommended that surgeons should use both tools in decision making of limb salvage and amputation for optimal outcomes.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of MESS and PSI in Lower Limb Amputation Following Trauma Presenting at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Dala Kano","authors":"Yakubu Surajuddeen, A. Mamuda, B. Bello","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_148_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_148_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) and Predictive Salvage Index (PSI) are two common diagnostic tools used to assess traumatic limb for amputation or salvage. However, there is paucity of local data with regards to accuracy of the tools. Objective: This study is therefore aimed at comparing the accuracy and predictive value of MESS and PSI in lower limb salvage and amputation following trauma in National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala (NOHD), Kano. Methodology: Twenty-three individuals with mangled extremity participated in this hospital-based one-year prospective, interventional study. Socio-demographic data of participants were collected and recorded as well as the severity of the injury at the time of initial presentation using both MESS and PSI by the researcher while the Consulting surgeons went ahead to make their decision as per their clinical routine without any influence from the researcher. Results: Findings of the study showed that MESS has a high sensitivity score of 89% and a low to medium specificity score of 43.8% with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 47.1% while PSI had a high specificity with low to medium sensitivity scores of 81.25% and 55% respectively with a PPV of 62.50%. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that MESS had high sensitivity and low specificity than PSI which had higher specificity and lower sensitivity than MESS in predicting amputation and limb salvage in patients with mangled lower extremity injuries. It is, therefore, recommended that surgeons should use both tools in decision making of limb salvage and amputation for optimal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73973938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_131_16
Nasir Raheem, Dauda W Wadinga, H. Nggada, Jesini Ngamdu
{"title":"Endometriosis of Sigmoid Colon Mimicking Cancer: A Rare and Abnormal Presentation","authors":"Nasir Raheem, Dauda W Wadinga, H. Nggada, Jesini Ngamdu","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_131_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_131_16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84962346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_147_16
R. Oluwafemi, M. Abiodun, J. Owa
Background: Neonatal Jaundice (NNJ) is a common occurrence in about 60% of term infants and 80% of preterm infants worldwide and a leading cause of hospitalization during the first week of life. Available evidence suggests that lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the greatest burden of severe neonatal jaundice characterized by very high rates of morbidity, mortality and long-term sequel compared to high-income countries (HICs). Aims: To document the prevalence, risk factors and short-term outcome of babies with neonatal jaundice in a secondary health facility with free health services in South-West Nigeria. Method: Babies were recruited from both in-born and out-born arms of the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU). It was a prospective study of all babies admitted for neonatal jaundice from January to December 2014; the babies were followed up till discharge. Patients’ information including socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, treatment modalities and outcomes were collected and entered directly into an Excel sheet. Results: There were a total of 1,309 admissions: 734 males and 575 females giving a M: F ratio of 1.3:1. NNJ was present in 125 (9.5%) of them. Thirty-five (28%) of the affected babies were preterm babies while 90 (72%) were term babies. Ten (8%) of them presented within the first 24 hours of life, 103 babies (82.4%) presented between 1st and 7th day of life while 12 (9.6%) presented after the 7th day of life. Neonatal sepsis, prematurity, perinatal asphyxia and prolonged rupture of membrane (PROM) were the leading causes and risk factors for NNJ in our setting. One hundred and seven (85.6%) of them had only phototherapy as treatment modality while 18 (14.4%) had exchange blood transfusion (EBT). One hundred and twenty babies (96%) were discharged alive, 5 (4%) had bilirubin encephalopathy and 2 babies (1.6%) died. Conclusion: Neonatal Jaundice is common in our setting with possible dire consequences. Health education of the public on its associated modifiable risk factors is desirable.
{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors and short-term outcome of babies with Neonatal Jaundice in a secondary facility with free-health services in South-West, Nigeria","authors":"R. Oluwafemi, M. Abiodun, J. Owa","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_147_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_147_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal Jaundice (NNJ) is a common occurrence in about 60% of term infants and 80% of preterm infants worldwide and a leading cause of hospitalization during the first week of life. Available evidence suggests that lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the greatest burden of severe neonatal jaundice characterized by very high rates of morbidity, mortality and long-term sequel compared to high-income countries (HICs). Aims: To document the prevalence, risk factors and short-term outcome of babies with neonatal jaundice in a secondary health facility with free health services in South-West Nigeria. Method: Babies were recruited from both in-born and out-born arms of the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU). It was a prospective study of all babies admitted for neonatal jaundice from January to December 2014; the babies were followed up till discharge. Patients’ information including socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, treatment modalities and outcomes were collected and entered directly into an Excel sheet. Results: There were a total of 1,309 admissions: 734 males and 575 females giving a M: F ratio of 1.3:1. NNJ was present in 125 (9.5%) of them. Thirty-five (28%) of the affected babies were preterm babies while 90 (72%) were term babies. Ten (8%) of them presented within the first 24 hours of life, 103 babies (82.4%) presented between 1st and 7th day of life while 12 (9.6%) presented after the 7th day of life. Neonatal sepsis, prematurity, perinatal asphyxia and prolonged rupture of membrane (PROM) were the leading causes and risk factors for NNJ in our setting. One hundred and seven (85.6%) of them had only phototherapy as treatment modality while 18 (14.4%) had exchange blood transfusion (EBT). One hundred and twenty babies (96%) were discharged alive, 5 (4%) had bilirubin encephalopathy and 2 babies (1.6%) died. Conclusion: Neonatal Jaundice is common in our setting with possible dire consequences. Health education of the public on its associated modifiable risk factors is desirable.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77039120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_117_16
A. Jibo, Aa Abulfathi, Z. Iliyasu
Background: In developing countries most women deliver at home for some reasons and such deliveries are not attended by a skilled birth attendant. In Nigeria 63% of births occurred at home. Objective: To determine the reasons and experiences of home and hospital deliveries among women in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study. The study employed a mixed method study. A total of 614 women were selected by multistage sampling technique and enrolled for the study. Focus group discussions with a group of women and husbands as well as key informant interviews with health care workers were conducted in the communities. Quantitative data was analysed using Minitab V17 software. Thematic content analysis was performed for the qualitative data. Data was gathered and analysed using triangulation methods. Results: The questionnaires response rate was of 96.7%. The mean age of respondents was 32.6 ± 6.5 years for home delivery group, and 28.1 ± 5.6 years for the hospital delivery group. Reasons for home deliveries were custom (24.5%), unfriendly attitude of health workers (17.5%), financial barriers (15.5%), and safety was the main reason for hospital delivery (56.7%). Determinants of choice of place of delivery were lower age at first pregnancy AOR=4.06 95%CI (1.633-10.076) and higher education AOR=2.70 95%CI (1.927-3.792) respectively. Conclusion: Mothers have different reasons and experiences with regard to choice of delivery location. Hospital deliveries should be encouraged
{"title":"Reasons and Experiences of Home and Hospital Deliveries Among Women in Kano, North Western Nigeria","authors":"A. Jibo, Aa Abulfathi, Z. Iliyasu","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_117_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_117_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In developing countries most women deliver at home for some reasons and such deliveries are not attended by a skilled birth attendant. In Nigeria 63% of births occurred at home. Objective: To determine the reasons and experiences of home and hospital deliveries among women in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study. The study employed a mixed method study. A total of 614 women were selected by multistage sampling technique and enrolled for the study. Focus group discussions with a group of women and husbands as well as key informant interviews with health care workers were conducted in the communities. Quantitative data was analysed using Minitab V17 software. Thematic content analysis was performed for the qualitative data. Data was gathered and analysed using triangulation methods. Results: The questionnaires response rate was of 96.7%. The mean age of respondents was 32.6 ± 6.5 years for home delivery group, and 28.1 ± 5.6 years for the hospital delivery group. Reasons for home deliveries were custom (24.5%), unfriendly attitude of health workers (17.5%), financial barriers (15.5%), and safety was the main reason for hospital delivery (56.7%). Determinants of choice of place of delivery were lower age at first pregnancy AOR=4.06 95%CI (1.633-10.076) and higher education AOR=2.70 95%CI (1.927-3.792) respectively. Conclusion: Mothers have different reasons and experiences with regard to choice of delivery location. Hospital deliveries should be encouraged","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82899246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_140_16
A. Babandi, I. Mohammed, Ya'u Murtala, S. Danbaba, D. Shehu, Y. Jobbi, K. Babagana, M. Yakasai, S. Ibrahim, A. Ibrahim
Background: Hypertension as a global public health challenge is a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CVD) and coronary heart diseases (CHD) because of its chronic sequelae. It is accompanied by dyslipidemia and oxidative stress leading to increase in lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to measure the fasting serum lipid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) and determine the atherogenic index as well as the cardiovascular risk ratio among hypertensive patients in Kano, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: Two hundred subjects (100 hypertensive patients vs. 100 normotensive controls) were recruited for the study. The fasting serum lipid profile and MDA were assayed using routine laboratory methods. Lipid ratios that predict and identify an individual’s increased risk for cardiovascular diseases were then determined from the results of the profile. Results: The serum total cholesterol (7.0±0.5 vs 4.1±0.4 mmol/L), triglycerides (2.9±0.2 vs 2.0±0.3 mmol/Lg/dl), LDL cholesterol (3.8±0.4 vs 2.6±0.4 mmol/L), VLDL cholesterol (3.0±0.2 vs 2.1±0.2 mmol/L) and MDA (TBARS) (9×10-5±1.4×10-5 vs 3×106±0.9×10-6 mol/l) were significantly (p<0.05) increase in hypertensive patients compared to normotensive controls. HDL cholesterol was significantly higher (p<0.05) in normotensive controls compared to hypertensive patients (31.4±8 vs 23.9±6 mg/dl). A statistically significant (p<0.05) positive correlation was observed between LDL cholesterol and MDA only. Both the atherogenic index (AI) ratio and the CardioRisk ratio were significantly higher in Hypertensives than Normal controls (10.4 vs 4.1; 11.7 vs 5.1 respectively). Conclusion: This study demonstrated an increased occurrence of atherogenic lipid profile and oxidative stress among hypertensive patients. It further showed a strong correlation between dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress. Therapeutic lifestyle changes and use of statins should be considered an integral part of the treatment for hypertensive patients in Nigeria.
背景:高血压作为一项全球性的公共卫生挑战，由于其慢性后遗症，是心血管(CVD)和冠心病(CHD)的主要危险因素。它伴有血脂异常和氧化应激，导致脂质过氧化增加。本研究旨在测定尼日利亚卡诺地区高血压患者的空腹血脂和丙二醛(MDA)水平，并确定其动脉粥样硬化指数和心血管风险比。患者和方法:研究招募了200名受试者(100名高血压患者和100名正常对照组)。采用常规实验室方法测定空腹血脂和丙二醛。脂质比率，预测和确定一个人的心血管疾病的风险增加，然后从剖面的结果确定。结果:与正常对照组相比，高血压患者血清总胆固醇(7.0±0.5 vs 4.1±0.4 mmol/L)、甘油三酯(2.9±0.2 vs 2.0±0.3 mmol/Lg/dl)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(3.8±0.4 vs 2.6±0.4 mmol/L)、VLDL胆固醇(3.0±0.2 vs 2.1±0.2 mmol/L)、丙二醛(TBARS) (9×10-5±1.4×10-5 vs 3×106±0.9×10-6 mol/L)均显著升高(p<0.05)。与高血压患者相比，正常对照组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高(31.4±8 vs 23.9±6 mg/dl) (p<0.05)。LDL胆固醇与MDA仅呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。高血压患者的动脉粥样硬化指数(atherosclerosis index, AI)和心脏风险比(CardioRisk ratio)均显著高于正常对照组(10.4 vs 4.1;11.7 vs 5.1)。结论:本研究表明高血压患者动脉粥样硬化性脂质谱和氧化应激的发生率增加。它进一步显示了血脂异常和氧化应激之间的强烈相关性。在尼日利亚，治疗性生活方式的改变和他汀类药物的使用应被视为治疗高血压患者的一个组成部分。
{"title":"Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile among Hypertensive Patients at a Tertiary Centre in Kano, Northwest, Nigeria","authors":"A. Babandi, I. Mohammed, Ya'u Murtala, S. Danbaba, D. Shehu, Y. Jobbi, K. Babagana, M. Yakasai, S. Ibrahim, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_140_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_140_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension as a global public health challenge is a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CVD) and coronary heart diseases (CHD) because of its chronic sequelae. It is accompanied by dyslipidemia and oxidative stress leading to increase in lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to measure the fasting serum lipid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) and determine the atherogenic index as well as the cardiovascular risk ratio among hypertensive patients in Kano, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: Two hundred subjects (100 hypertensive patients vs. 100 normotensive controls) were recruited for the study. The fasting serum lipid profile and MDA were assayed using routine laboratory methods. Lipid ratios that predict and identify an individual’s increased risk for cardiovascular diseases were then determined from the results of the profile. Results: The serum total cholesterol (7.0±0.5 vs 4.1±0.4 mmol/L), triglycerides (2.9±0.2 vs 2.0±0.3 mmol/Lg/dl), LDL cholesterol (3.8±0.4 vs 2.6±0.4 mmol/L), VLDL cholesterol (3.0±0.2 vs 2.1±0.2 mmol/L) and MDA (TBARS) (9×10-5±1.4×10-5 vs 3×106±0.9×10-6 mol/l) were significantly (p<0.05) increase in hypertensive patients compared to normotensive controls. HDL cholesterol was significantly higher (p<0.05) in normotensive controls compared to hypertensive patients (31.4±8 vs 23.9±6 mg/dl). A statistically significant (p<0.05) positive correlation was observed between LDL cholesterol and MDA only. Both the atherogenic index (AI) ratio and the CardioRisk ratio were significantly higher in Hypertensives than Normal controls (10.4 vs 4.1; 11.7 vs 5.1 respectively). Conclusion: This study demonstrated an increased occurrence of atherogenic lipid profile and oxidative stress among hypertensive patients. It further showed a strong correlation between dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress. Therapeutic lifestyle changes and use of statins should be considered an integral part of the treatment for hypertensive patients in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74549110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_109_16
S. A. Ogah
Background: Throat foreign bodies are surgical emergencies in both children and adults all over the world. Some patients may present with no obvious symptoms and for those that have symptoms, their symptoms may suggest which passage is involved. Children below the age of 10years are more affected than adults. Smooth objects like coins and seeds may pass through the gastrointestinal tract with little or no problem in about 30% of cases and so, such patients should be placed under close observation in the wards. Aims/Objectives: To determine the types, site of impaction and method of removal of such foreign bodies among patients seen in our health facility. Methodology: This is a 3-year retrospective study conducted at the ENT Unit of the Department of Surgery Federal Medical Centre Lokoja, North Central Nigeria. From the hospital Medical Records, a total of 82 patients were managed for foreign body in the throat. However, folders for seven patients could not be traced, five folders had incomplete information in them, and the remaining 70 folders were included in the study. Data about their age, sex, presentation, duration, type, site of impaction, method of removal were extracted, studied and analysed. Results were presented in text, figure and table format. Results: A total of 70 patients were studied, 36 (51.4%) were males and 34 (48.6%) were females. The male to female ratio was 1.06:1, mean age was 17.14years ± 8.36 standard deviation and the most frequent age group involved was of 21-30 years with 26 (37.1 %) patients. Commonest site of impaction was the oropharynx (74.3%) followed by the upper oesophagus (11.4%). The most common foreign body was fishbone (57.2%) followed by denture (8.6%).
{"title":"Foreign Body in the Throat: Any Trend Change?","authors":"S. A. Ogah","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_109_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_109_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Throat foreign bodies are surgical emergencies in both children and adults all over the world. Some patients may present with no obvious symptoms and for those that have symptoms, their symptoms may suggest which passage is involved. Children below the age of 10years are more affected than adults. Smooth objects like coins and seeds may pass through the gastrointestinal tract with little or no problem in about 30% of cases and so, such patients should be placed under close observation in the wards. Aims/Objectives: To determine the types, site of impaction and method of removal of such foreign bodies among patients seen in our health facility. Methodology: This is a 3-year retrospective study conducted at the ENT Unit of the Department of Surgery Federal Medical Centre Lokoja, North Central Nigeria. From the hospital Medical Records, a total of 82 patients were managed for foreign body in the throat. However, folders for seven patients could not be traced, five folders had incomplete information in them, and the remaining 70 folders were included in the study. Data about their age, sex, presentation, duration, type, site of impaction, method of removal were extracted, studied and analysed. Results were presented in text, figure and table format. Results: A total of 70 patients were studied, 36 (51.4%) were males and 34 (48.6%) were females. The male to female ratio was 1.06:1, mean age was 17.14years ± 8.36 standard deviation and the most frequent age group involved was of 21-30 years with 26 (37.1 %) patients. Commonest site of impaction was the oropharynx (74.3%) followed by the upper oesophagus (11.4%). The most common foreign body was fishbone (57.2%) followed by denture (8.6%).","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77649327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_130_16
L. Dattijo, Mahmud Abdulwahab, A. Rabiu
Background: Caesarean section is today one of the commonest surgical operations performed on women. The increased refinement in anaesthetics and surgical skills has reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with the procedures. Most of the studies on caesarean rates in Nigeria are from tertiary centres in the main cities. They may not reflect the situation in secondary facilities in rural and sub-urban areas which do not have the adequate number of staff, equipment and logistic support. Objectives: To determine the rates of caesarean section, indications and outcome in the general hospital located in Dutse, Jigawa, North-Western Nigeria. Methods: It was a retrospective review of records of women that had caesarean delivery between January 2013 and December 2015. Socio-demographic and obstetric information were extracted and analysed using SPSS statistical software. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive statistics. Ethical approval was obtained from the state ministry of health research ethics committee. Results: There were a total of 9,362 deliveries of which 543 were caesarean births giving a caesarean section rate of 5.8%. Majority of the procedures were emergency (90%). More than half of the women had prolonged obstructed labour as the indication. Mean age (±SD) of the women was 25.5 ±7.21 years. There were 69 stillbirths and 4 maternal deaths. The main complication was wound breakdown seen among 9.8% of patients. Conclusion: The rate of caesarean section was lower compared to other secondary and tertiary facilities in Nigeria. Nine out of every 10 caesarean sections were emergency and were associated with high perinatal and maternal morbidity.
{"title":"A Three-Year Review of Caesarean Delivery at a Secondary Health Facility in North-Western Nigeria","authors":"L. Dattijo, Mahmud Abdulwahab, A. Rabiu","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_130_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_130_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Caesarean section is today one of the commonest surgical operations performed on women. The increased refinement in anaesthetics and surgical skills has reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with the procedures. Most of the studies on caesarean rates in Nigeria are from tertiary centres in the main cities. They may not reflect the situation in secondary facilities in rural and sub-urban areas which do not have the adequate number of staff, equipment and logistic support. Objectives: To determine the rates of caesarean section, indications and outcome in the general hospital located in Dutse, Jigawa, North-Western Nigeria. Methods: It was a retrospective review of records of women that had caesarean delivery between January 2013 and December 2015. Socio-demographic and obstetric information were extracted and analysed using SPSS statistical software. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive statistics. Ethical approval was obtained from the state ministry of health research ethics committee. Results: There were a total of 9,362 deliveries of which 543 were caesarean births giving a caesarean section rate of 5.8%. Majority of the procedures were emergency (90%). More than half of the women had prolonged obstructed labour as the indication. Mean age (±SD) of the women was 25.5 ±7.21 years. There were 69 stillbirths and 4 maternal deaths. The main complication was wound breakdown seen among 9.8% of patients. Conclusion: The rate of caesarean section was lower compared to other secondary and tertiary facilities in Nigeria. Nine out of every 10 caesarean sections were emergency and were associated with high perinatal and maternal morbidity.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78906466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_126_16
M. Saleh, A. Danbatta
Background: Kidney dimensions, including volume, of a patient is a valuable diagnostic parameter in nephrology and urologic practice and vary with age, gender, body mass index, pregnancy and co-morbid conditions. Congenital and some important morbid conditions affect renal dimensions and some of these pathologic conditions have close relationship with BMI. Aim and Objectives: To determine the normal ultrasound volume in healthy adults and to correlate it with the Body Mass Index (BMI). Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which kidney dimensions were acquired and from which the volumes were determined using the ellipsoid formula. The anthropometric variables of the patients were documented, and the BMI calculated. Variations of the renal volume with sex and age, and the relationship of the renal volumes with BMI were determined. Results: A total number of 400 adult subjects were recruited for the study, with a M:F ratio of 3:1. The mean age was 39±13.2 years. The mean BMI was 22.95±3.20kg/m2. The mean renal volumes were 140.0±30.5cm3 and 149.5±34.6cm3 on the right and left sides respectively. There was a positive correlation between the BMI and right renal volume (p<0.01; r= 0.188) and BMI with left renal volume (p<0.01; r= 0.218). There was also positive correlation between the right and left renal volumes and age (P<0.01) and gender (P<0.01; P<0.05). Conclusion: Positive correlations were noted between the renal volumes and body mass index, age, sex and sides.
{"title":"Sonographic Determination of Renal Volume and its Correlation with Body Mass Index Among Healthy Adults in Kano, Nigeria","authors":"M. Saleh, A. Danbatta","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_126_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_126_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kidney dimensions, including volume, of a patient is a valuable diagnostic parameter in nephrology and urologic practice and vary with age, gender, body mass index, pregnancy and co-morbid conditions. Congenital and some important morbid conditions affect renal dimensions and some of these pathologic conditions have close relationship with BMI. Aim and Objectives: To determine the normal ultrasound volume in healthy adults and to correlate it with the Body Mass Index (BMI). Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which kidney dimensions were acquired and from which the volumes were determined using the ellipsoid formula. The anthropometric variables of the patients were documented, and the BMI calculated. Variations of the renal volume with sex and age, and the relationship of the renal volumes with BMI were determined. Results: A total number of 400 adult subjects were recruited for the study, with a M:F ratio of 3:1. The mean age was 39±13.2 years. The mean BMI was 22.95±3.20kg/m2. The mean renal volumes were 140.0±30.5cm3 and 149.5±34.6cm3 on the right and left sides respectively. There was a positive correlation between the BMI and right renal volume (p<0.01; r= 0.188) and BMI with left renal volume (p<0.01; r= 0.218). There was also positive correlation between the right and left renal volumes and age (P<0.01) and gender (P<0.01; P<0.05). Conclusion: Positive correlations were noted between the renal volumes and body mass index, age, sex and sides.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86222977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：