Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_119_15
I. Kida
{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Hepatitis B Virus Screening and Vaccination Among Auxiliary Health Workers in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH)","authors":"I. Kida","doi":"10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_119_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/BOMJ.BOMJ_119_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84281447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_106_15
B. Usman
{"title":"Head Injury in Maiduguri: An 18 Month Review","authors":"B. Usman","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_106_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_106_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89079423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_96_15
Shuaibu Abdullahi Hudu, Nabil Saad Hamal
{"title":"Molecular and Conventional Methods of Detecting Respiratory Viruses among Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Sokoto, Nigeria","authors":"Shuaibu Abdullahi Hudu, Nabil Saad Hamal","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_96_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_96_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78877175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_94_15
Ahmadu Ms, Mubi Bm, Adeyomoye Aao, A. A, Adeyinka Ao, Tahir Aa
Background: Carotid artery luminal diameter measurements have been used as clinico-radiological index of carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. Luminal diameter values have also been used in epidemiological and interventional studies as surrogate index of carotid atherosclerosis. However, values for luminal diameter measurements in diabetic patients are scarce in our environment. Objectives: This study evaluates the carotid artery luminal diameter dimensions and degree of stenosis among adult diabetic patients using carotid duplex ultrasonography (CDUS). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty adult diabetic patients aged 20 78 years had CDUS for measurements of carotid artery luminal diameter and degree of stenosis. Measurements were taken at 1cm below and 1cm above the carotid bulb for the common carotid (CCA) and internal carotid arteries (ICA). Pearson’s correlation and Student t-test were used to compare the means between the variables. Results: There were 72 males and 48 female diabetic patients aged 20 to 78 years (mean = 50.03±11.4 years). The mean luminal diameter, in millimeters (mm), for normal (non-stenotic) carotid arteries on the right and left were (CCA=6.58±0.52 and 6.51±0.50; ICA=4.80±0.29 and 4.79±0.31); and abnormal (stenotic) were (CCA=6.41±0.62 and 6.35±0.62; ICA=3.44±0.44 and 3.11±0.29) respectively. A total of 75 patients (62.5% of study population) had no carotid artery stenosis; 38 patients (31.7%) had <50% carotid stenosis; 6 patients (5.0%) had 50-69% carotid stenosis; and 1 patient (0.8%) had 72% carotid stenosis. The prevalence of carotid stenosis in diabetic patients was 37.5% in this study. Negative and significant correlation was noted between percentage degree of stenosis and luminal diameter (r=≥ 0.5; p=<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study have indicated the presence of atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries of adult diabetic patients in our environment who are at risk of developing stroke from carotid stenosis. CDUS has proved to be a valuable diagnostic and screening tool in the evaluation of these patients because of its safety, low cost, wide availability, and accuracy in detecting carotid artery disease.
{"title":"Sonographic Evaluation of Carotid Artery Luminal Diameter and Degree of Stenosis in Adult Diabetic Patients in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North Eastern Nigeria","authors":"Ahmadu Ms, Mubi Bm, Adeyomoye Aao, A. A, Adeyinka Ao, Tahir Aa","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_94_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_94_15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carotid artery luminal diameter measurements have been used as clinico-radiological index of carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. Luminal diameter values have also been used in epidemiological and interventional studies as surrogate index of carotid atherosclerosis. However, values for luminal diameter measurements in diabetic patients are scarce in our environment. Objectives: This study evaluates the carotid artery luminal diameter dimensions and degree of stenosis among adult diabetic patients using carotid duplex ultrasonography (CDUS). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty adult diabetic patients aged 20 78 years had CDUS for measurements of carotid artery luminal diameter and degree of stenosis. Measurements were taken at 1cm below and 1cm above the carotid bulb for the common carotid (CCA) and internal carotid arteries (ICA). Pearson’s correlation and Student t-test were used to compare the means between the variables. Results: There were 72 males and 48 female diabetic patients aged 20 to 78 years (mean = 50.03±11.4 years). The mean luminal diameter, in millimeters (mm), for normal (non-stenotic) carotid arteries on the right and left were (CCA=6.58±0.52 and 6.51±0.50; ICA=4.80±0.29 and 4.79±0.31); and abnormal (stenotic) were (CCA=6.41±0.62 and 6.35±0.62; ICA=3.44±0.44 and 3.11±0.29) respectively. A total of 75 patients (62.5% of study population) had no carotid artery stenosis; 38 patients (31.7%) had <50% carotid stenosis; 6 patients (5.0%) had 50-69% carotid stenosis; and 1 patient (0.8%) had 72% carotid stenosis. The prevalence of carotid stenosis in diabetic patients was 37.5% in this study. Negative and significant correlation was noted between percentage degree of stenosis and luminal diameter (r=≥ 0.5; p=<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study have indicated the presence of atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries of adult diabetic patients in our environment who are at risk of developing stroke from carotid stenosis. CDUS has proved to be a valuable diagnostic and screening tool in the evaluation of these patients because of its safety, low cost, wide availability, and accuracy in detecting carotid artery disease.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86818719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_73_15
Kwaghe Bv, N. Ha, Emmmanuel I, Abobarin Oi, Akpa Po, Richards Ks
Background: In 1994 Helicobacter pylori was classified as class 1 human carcinogen by the IARC (WHO), based on epidemiological evidence. Experimental evidence was subsequently provided by Wantabe et al. This has triggered several studies on the prevalence of H. pylori in patients with Gastric cancers in various regions of the world. In Africa the infection rate in various populations as reported by some studies are not parallel to the incidence of morbidity caused by this infection. Objective: To determine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, Chronic gastritis, Gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia with Gastric cancers. Methodology: This was a retrospective histopathological study of all gastric cancers with adjacent non – cancerous epithelium seen between January 2005 and December 2012 in the department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). Blocks and archival slides were used for the
{"title":"Relationship between Gastric Cancers and Trio of Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Chronic Gastritis and Gastric Mucosal Intestinal Metaplasia as seen in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria","authors":"Kwaghe Bv, N. Ha, Emmmanuel I, Abobarin Oi, Akpa Po, Richards Ks","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_73_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_73_15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In 1994 Helicobacter pylori was classified as class 1 human carcinogen by the IARC (WHO), based on epidemiological evidence. Experimental evidence was subsequently provided by Wantabe et al. This has triggered several studies on the prevalence of H. pylori in patients with Gastric cancers in various regions of the world. In Africa the infection rate in various populations as reported by some studies are not parallel to the incidence of morbidity caused by this infection. Objective: To determine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, Chronic gastritis, Gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia with Gastric cancers. Methodology: This was a retrospective histopathological study of all gastric cancers with adjacent non – cancerous epithelium seen between January 2005 and December 2012 in the department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). Blocks and archival slides were used for the","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86961931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_75_15
Jemikalajah Daniel Johnson
{"title":"Analysis of Bacterial Load in Domestic Water Sources in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"Jemikalajah Daniel Johnson","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_75_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_75_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81993059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_95_15
Ahmadu Ms, Farate A, Farouk Ag
Proximal femoral focal deficiency is a rare and complex skeletal anomaly characterized by failure of normal development of the proximal femur, shortening of the lower limb, and pelvic abnormality especially the acetabulum. It was first described by Aitken in the late 1950s. It commonly occurs as a unilateral form but the bilateral variant is rare occurring in 10-15 % of cases. To the best of our knowledge, bilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency has not been reported in Nigeria. We, therefore, present this case in a 25-day-old neonate who presented to our hospital with features consistent with this complex skeletal anomaly.
{"title":"Bilateral Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency in a Neonate: A Case Report","authors":"Ahmadu Ms, Farate A, Farouk Ag","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_95_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_95_15","url":null,"abstract":"Proximal femoral focal deficiency is a rare and complex skeletal anomaly characterized by failure of normal development of the proximal femur, shortening of the lower limb, and pelvic abnormality especially the acetabulum. It was first described by Aitken in the late 1950s. It commonly occurs as a unilateral form but the bilateral variant is rare occurring in 10-15 % of cases. To the best of our knowledge, bilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency has not been reported in Nigeria. We, therefore, present this case in a 25-day-old neonate who presented to our hospital with features consistent with this complex skeletal anomaly.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73642478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_80_15
H. Abdulsalam, Jamila A. Atata, A. Waziri, Mohammed A. Chiroma, Joseph J. Gadzama, Modu B. Monguno, Sani N. Abdulazeez, Israel J. Barde
Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that acts as a preservative or as enhancer of palatability and is locally called Ajinomoto or white magi in Nigeria. Objectives: This study assessed the effect of sub-chronic oral exposure to monosodium glutamate (MSG) on some plasma biomarkers of hepatic and renal function in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: Sixty-four adult male Wistar rats of average weight 150 to 200 g were randomly assigned into two groups of MSG-treated and non-MSG-treated control rats (n=64). The control rats were orally given distilled water only while the MSG-treated rats were administered 5 g/kg body weight of MSG at concentration of 500 mg/ml daily throughout the period of the experiment that lasted 8 weeks; feed and water were provide to both groups ad libitum. A total of 8 rats, 4 per group were sacrificed weekly for blood sample collection and analysis of hepatic and renal biochemical indices. Results: the result of biochemical analysis showed significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in mean of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Urea and Creatinine activities in the MSG-treated rats. Conclusion: The increases in the levels of plasma biochemical parameters signal some level of alteration in the normal physiologic function of both liver and kidney.
{"title":"Effect of Sub-chronic oral Experimental Exposure of Monosodium glutamate on Biomarkers of Hepatic and Renal function in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"H. Abdulsalam, Jamila A. Atata, A. Waziri, Mohammed A. Chiroma, Joseph J. Gadzama, Modu B. Monguno, Sani N. Abdulazeez, Israel J. Barde","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_80_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_80_15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that acts as a preservative or as enhancer of palatability and is locally called Ajinomoto or white magi in Nigeria. Objectives: This study assessed the effect of sub-chronic oral exposure to monosodium glutamate (MSG) on some plasma biomarkers of hepatic and renal function in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: Sixty-four adult male Wistar rats of average weight 150 to 200 g were randomly assigned into two groups of MSG-treated and non-MSG-treated control rats (n=64). The control rats were orally given distilled water only while the MSG-treated rats were administered 5 g/kg body weight of MSG at concentration of 500 mg/ml daily throughout the period of the experiment that lasted 8 weeks; feed and water were provide to both groups ad libitum. A total of 8 rats, 4 per group were sacrificed weekly for blood sample collection and analysis of hepatic and renal biochemical indices. Results: the result of biochemical analysis showed significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in mean of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Urea and Creatinine activities in the MSG-treated rats. Conclusion: The increases in the levels of plasma biochemical parameters signal some level of alteration in the normal physiologic function of both liver and kidney.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75421416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-30DOI: 10.31173/bomj.bomj_72_15
Olatunji Lawal K, Oche Mansur O, A. Habibullah, Mohammed Dantani A, Abdulsalam Latifatu B, Arisegi Sarafadeen A
Background: Vision plays an important role in child development, as this is essential for receiving visual sensory information from the external environment and social development. Objectives: This study aims at determining the prevalence and causes of ocular morbidity among primary school children within sokoto metropolis. Materials and Method: A descriptive cross sectional survey of primary school children in Sokoto metropolis was carried out between July 2016 and August 2016. Relevant socio-demographic history and ocular examination was carried out on the primary school children that were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were entered and analysed using the MS Excel 20 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 20. Results: A total of 184 pupils were surveyed; 85 (46.2%) were males and 99 (53.8%) were females. The age range was between 5 and 15 years and the mean age was10.84years ± 2.19. The prevalence of ocular morbidity among the primary school children was 29.3%. Conjunctivitis was found to be the commonest ocular morbidity with a prevalence of 17.9% followed by refractive error with a prevalence of 7.6% while no cases of colour vision or cataract were seen. Conclusion: The sheer magnitude of ocular morbidity among primary school children calls for need to introduce or improve the school eye health program as part of the routine school heath services.
背景:视觉在儿童发育中起着重要的作用，因为它是接收来自外部环境和社会发展的视觉感官信息的必要条件。目的:本研究的目的在于了解东京地区小学生眼部疾病的患病率及发病原因。材料与方法:于2016年7月至2016年8月对索科托市小学生进行描述性横断面调查。采用多阶段抽样法对选取的小学生进行相关的社会人口历史和眼部检查。使用MS Excel 20和Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 20输入数据并进行分析。结果:共调查小学生184人;男性85例(46.2%)，女性99例(53.8%)。年龄范围5 ~ 15岁，平均年龄10.84±2.19岁。小学生眼部患病率为29.3%。结膜炎是最常见的眼部疾病，患病率为17.9%，其次是屈光不正，患病率为7.6%，未见色觉或白内障。结论:小学儿童眼部发病率之高，要求有必要引进或改善学校眼保健计划，将其作为学校常规保健服务的一部分。
{"title":"Prevalence and Causes of Ocular Morbidity among Primary School Children in Sokoto Metropolis, North-Western, Nigeria","authors":"Olatunji Lawal K, Oche Mansur O, A. Habibullah, Mohammed Dantani A, Abdulsalam Latifatu B, Arisegi Sarafadeen A","doi":"10.31173/bomj.bomj_72_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31173/bomj.bomj_72_15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vision plays an important role in child development, as this is essential for receiving visual sensory information from the external environment and social development. Objectives: This study aims at determining the prevalence and causes of ocular morbidity among primary school children within sokoto metropolis. Materials and Method: A descriptive cross sectional survey of primary school children in Sokoto metropolis was carried out between July 2016 and August 2016. Relevant socio-demographic history and ocular examination was carried out on the primary school children that were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were entered and analysed using the MS Excel 20 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 20. Results: A total of 184 pupils were surveyed; 85 (46.2%) were males and 99 (53.8%) were females. The age range was between 5 and 15 years and the mean age was10.84years ± 2.19. The prevalence of ocular morbidity among the primary school children was 29.3%. Conjunctivitis was found to be the commonest ocular morbidity with a prevalence of 17.9% followed by refractive error with a prevalence of 7.6% while no cases of colour vision or cataract were seen. Conclusion: The sheer magnitude of ocular morbidity among primary school children calls for need to introduce or improve the school eye health program as part of the routine school heath services.","PeriodicalId":9110,"journal":{"name":"BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75015423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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