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The Universal Language of Sclerology 硬化学的通用语言
Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.33140/jocr.02.04.00004
The eyes have only one language and it’s the same everywherein the world. It applies to everyone….and it is…universal!The eyes are not only windows to the soul. They are windowsto your health. They’re a glimpse at everything from youroverall health to many intimate health specifics. And strangelyenough they can show even your political leanings. Your eyesshowcase your sense of style. They can reveal how healthy youare, your personality, your emotions, if you are stressed…andeven…when you are lying!
眼睛只有一种语言,世界上任何地方都是一样的。它适用于每个人……而且它是……普遍的!眼睛不仅仅是心灵的窗户。它们是你健康的窗口。它们是从你的整体健康到许多亲密健康细节的一瞥。奇怪的是,他们甚至可以显示出你的政治倾向。你的眼睛展示了你的时尚感。它们可以揭示你有多健康,你的个性,你的情绪,如果你有压力…甚至…当你撒谎的时候!
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引用次数: 0
Papillary Edema As a Predictive Sign of Major General Complications of ArterialHypertension 乳头状水肿是动脉高血压主要并发症的预测标志
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.33140/jocr.03.03.04
Introduction: High blood pressure is one of the leading causes of premature death due to its cardiac, renal andneurological disorders.Objective: To evaluate the relationship between hypertensive retinopathy and the prevalence of potential life-threateningcomplications.Materials and Methods: Cohort study comparing two groups (G1 and G2) of 13 patients each, performed over aperiod of 5 years at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Patients with essential hypertension complicated by stageII and III retinopathy of the Kirkendall’s classification were included. Each patient was seen 3 times over a period of 9months. G1 were in stage III and G2 in stage II. The factors compared were: prevalence of heart failure, renal failureand stroke, as well as the mortality rate. The relative risk, the Student’s test with a threshold of significance less than0.05 were the statistical tests used.Results: Prevalence of heart failure, renal failure and stroke were respectively: 53.85% G1 vs 15.38% G2 (p <0.05),38.46% G1 vs 7.69%, G2 (p <0.05) and 30.77% G1 vs 0.00% G2 (p <0.05). These complications were associated in61.54% G1 vs 23.07% G2. The mortality rate was: 84.61% G1 vs 7.69% G2 (p <0.05).Conclusion: Stage III hypertensive retinopathy is associated with a high prevalence of severe general complicationsof high blood pressure.
引言:高血压是心脏、肾脏和神经系统疾病导致过早死亡的主要原因之一。目的:评估高血压视网膜病变与潜在终身并发症发生率之间的关系。材料和方法:在布拉柴维尔大学医院进行为期5年的队列研究,比较两组(G1和G2),每组13名患者。原发性高血压合并Kirkendall分类的II期和III期视网膜病变的患者也包括在内。在9个月的时间里,每位患者都被观察了3次。G1期为Ⅲ期,G2期为Ⅱ期。比较的因素有:心力衰竭、肾功能衰竭和中风的患病率以及死亡率。相对风险、显著性阈值小于0.05的学生测试是所使用的统计测试。结果:心力衰竭、肾功能衰竭和中风的患病率分别为:53.85%的G1与15.38%的G2(p<0.05)、38.46%的G1与7.69%的G2(p<0.05)和30.77%的G1与0.00%的G2(p<0.05)。这些并发症与61.54%的G1与23.07%的G2相关。死亡率G1组为84.61%,G2组为7.69%(p<0.05)。结论:Ⅲ期高血压视网膜病变与高血压综合征的高发病率有关。
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引用次数: 0
Surgical Outcome of Posterior Polar Cataract in Adults 成人后极性白内障的手术效果
Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.33140/jocr.03.03.03
Introduction: Posterior polar cataract (PPC) is a relatively uncommon form of congenital cataract accounting for around0.5% to 2% of the total cataract. A posterior polar cataract presents a special challenge to the phaco surgeon because ofits predisposition to posterior capsular dehiscence during surgery. Incidence of posterior polar cataract ranges from 3 to5 in 1000.Methodology: Prospective descriptive study done at Biratnagar Eye Hospital from December 2016 to March 2017. A detailedslit-lamp biomicroscopy of the anterior segment, intraocular pressure and dilated fundus examination was performed in allpatients after checking for visual acuity and refraction.Result: Total of 60 eyes of 59 patients was included in the study, out of which only 5% had posterior capsular ruptureduring surgery. Mean age of patients in our study was 49.35 +_ 9.5yrs (range 35-73yrs). There were 34 male patientsand 26 female patients. Mean axial length was 23.40mm. Out of 60 eyes, 12 eyes had bilateral posterior polar cataract.Mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.949 while first post-operative day visual acuity was 0.5137, which was statisticallysignificant (P < 0.0001) (paired t test).Conclusion: Intraoperative complications during posterior polar cataract surgery can be minimized by careful andappropriate surgical procedure.
后极性白内障(PPC)是一种相对少见的先天性白内障,约占总白内障的0.5% ~ 2%。后极性白内障对超声外科医生提出了一个特殊的挑战,因为它在手术过程中容易发生后囊膜开裂。后极性白内障的发病率在千分之三到五之间。方法:2016年12月至2017年3月在Biratnagar眼科医院进行的前瞻性描述性研究。所有患者在检查视力和屈光后行详细的裂口灯生物显微镜检查前段、眼压和眼底扩张检查。结果:59例患者共60只眼纳入研究,其中术中后囊膜破裂仅占5%。本研究患者的平均年龄为49.35±9.5岁(35-73岁)。男34例,女26例。平均轴长23.40mm。60眼中12眼为双侧后极性白内障。术前平均视力为0.949,术后第1天平均视力为0.5137,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.0001)(配对t检验)。结论:谨慎、合理的手术操作可减少后极白内障手术中的并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison between Ultra-Widefield and 7-Standard Field Angiography for Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy Screening, Follow-up and Classification 增生性镰状细胞视网膜病变超宽视场与7标准视场血管造影筛查、随访及分型的比较
Pub Date : 2019-11-12 DOI: 10.24966/ocr-8887/100060
A. Giocanti-Aurégan
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引用次数: 1
Short Term Outcome of Goniotomy with Kahook Dual Blade in the Management ofPrimary Open Angle Glaucoma-A Retrospective Interventional Case Series Kahook双刀片性腺切除术治疗原发性开角型青光眼的近期疗效——回顾性介入治疗病例系列
Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.33140/jocr.03.03.02
Objectives: To describe short-term efficacy of goniotomy with trabecular meshwork excision using the Kahook Dual Blade(KDB, New World Medical Inc., Rancho Cucamonga, CA) in patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma, (POAG) eitheras a standalone or plus Phacoemulsification (phaco).Method and Patients: A retrospective review of 12 eyes of 9 patients who had goniotomy with Kahook dual blade either asa standalone or combined with cataract surgery by phacoemulsification from April 2017 to July 2018 at Eye FoundationHospital, Ikeja, Lagos. The patients were follow-up for a minimum of 6 months.Results: The mean age of the patients was 66.4±8.8 years. Mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) for all eyes was18.58±5.42mmHg. From day 1 through the 6th Month of postoperative follow-up, the mean IOP ranged from 18.58±9.26mmHgto 12.27±1.68mmHg representing reductions of 0-6.31mmHg (0-34%; p<0.05 at each time point versus baseline except forday 1). For the Phaco+KDB group, the baseline mean IOP was 19.25±4.56mmHg while the mean IOP postoperatively fromday 1 to 6 months ranged from 19.13±8.99mmHg to 12.13±1.89mmHg representing reductions of 0.12mmHg to 5.13mmHg(0.6-30.2%; p<0.05 only from 1 month to 6 months). At baseline, the mean IOP for the eyes that had KDB goniotomy as astandalone was 17.25±7.45mmHg and postoperatively ranged from 17.50±11.09mmHg to 12.67±1.67mmHg representingreductions of -0.25-9.08mmHg (-1.45%-41.7%; p<0.05 at one week, 3 and 6 months only versus baseline).Conclusion: KDB either as a standalone or with phaco recorded at least 30% reduction in IOP after 6 months of followup in these series.
目的:描述使用Kahook Dual Blade(KDB,New World Medical股份有限公司,Rancho Cucamonga,CA)对原发性开角型青光眼患者进行小梁网切除的角度切开术的短期疗效,(POAG)是一种独立或联合超声乳化术(phaco)。方法和患者:2017年4月至2018年7月,在拉各斯Ikeja眼科基金会医院,对9名患者中的12只眼睛进行了回顾性审查,这些患者使用Kahook双刀片进行了单体或联合白内障超声乳化手术。患者接受了至少6个月的随访。结果:患者平均年龄为66.4±8.8岁。所有眼睛的平均术前眼压(IOP)为185.8±5.42mmHg。从术后随访的第1天到第6个月,平均IOP范围为18.58±9.26mmHg到12.27±1.68mmHg,代表0-6.31mmHg的降低(0-34%;除第1天外,每个时间点与基线相比均<0.05)。Phaco+KDB组的基线平均眼压为19.25±4.56mmHg,而术后第1天至第6个月的平均眼压范围为19.13±8.99mmHg至12.13±1.89mmHg,代表0.12mmHg至5.13mmHg的下降(0.6-30.2%;仅从1个月至6个月p<0.05)。在基线时,用阿司他龙行KDB开角术的平均眼压为17.25±7.45mmHg,术后范围为17.50±11.09mmHg至12.67±1.67mmHg,代表-0.25-9.08mmHg的下降(-1.45%-41.7%;仅在一周、3个月和6个月时与基线相比p<0.05)系列
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引用次数: 0
Diabetic Retinopathy and Central Corneal Thickness 糖尿病视网膜病变与角膜中央厚度
Pub Date : 2019-10-22 DOI: 10.33140/jocr.03.03.01
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that can lead to many ocular complications such as increasedCentral Corneal Thickness (CCT), cataracts, and diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to compare the CCT betweensubjects with type I and type II diabetes.Method: This was a retrospective study which included subjects with diabetes (with and without Diabetic Retinopathy (DR))aged between 18 to 80 years old. The data collected were type and duration of diabetes mellitus, diabetes treatment, glycatedhemoglobin level, visual acuity, CCT, and intra ocular pressure. Subjects were divided into subgroup (with and without DR).Statistical program (SPSS) was used to compare the central corneal thickness between the groups.Result: A total of 205 subjects with type I (n=100) and type II (n=105) diabetes were included in this study. In type 1 DM, themean CCT was 547.06±27.3 microns in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 533.85±26.8 microns in patients without DR.In type 2 DM, the mean CCT was 542.85±39.3 microns in patients with DR and 532.44±27.4 microns in patients without DR.The CCT in type 1 diabetic patients was higher in both groups (with and without DR) than the CCT in type 2 diabetic patientsin both groups (with and without DR). However, this was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The type of diabetes mellitus did not affect CCT. The presence of diabetic retinopathy in either type I or type IIdiabetes mellitus can affect the measurements of CCT.
背景:糖尿病(DM)是一种代谢性疾病,可导致许多眼部并发症,如角膜中央厚度增加(CCT)、白内障和糖尿病视网膜病变。本研究的目的是比较1型和2型糖尿病患者的CCT。方法:这是一项回顾性研究,包括年龄在18至80岁之间的糖尿病患者(伴有或不伴有糖尿病视网膜病变(DR))。收集的数据包括糖尿病的类型和病程、糖尿病治疗、糖化血红蛋白水平、视力、CCT和眼压。将受试者分为亚组(有无DR)。采用SPSS统计软件对两组角膜中央厚度进行比较。结果:本研究共纳入I型(n=100)和II型(n=105)糖尿病患者205例。1型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者的平均CCT为547.06±27.3微米,无DR患者的平均CCT为533.85±26.8微米;2型糖尿病患者的平均CCT为542.85±39.3微米,无DR患者的平均CCT为532.44±27.4微米,两组(伴和不伴DR) 1型糖尿病患者的CCT均高于两组(伴和不伴DR) 2型糖尿病患者的CCT。然而,这在统计学上并不显著。结论:糖尿病类型对CCT无影响。在I型或ii型糖尿病中,糖尿病视网膜病变的存在会影响CCT的测量。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Trend Changes in Functional and Structural Characteristics: Combining Principal Components Methods and Functional Data Analysis 评估功能和结构特征的趋势变化:结合主成分方法和功能数据分析
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.24966/ocr-8887/100057
J. Ledolter
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引用次数: 0
Effects of UVA+UVB Solar Radiation Levels and Cross-Linking on Animal Model with Bowman’s Layer: Chicken UVA+UVB太阳辐射水平及交联对鲍曼综合征鸡模型的影响
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.24966/ocr-8887/100059
Marîa Carmen Martínez García
Effects of UVA+ UVB Solar Radiation Levels and Cross-Linking on Animal Model with Bowman’s Layer: Chicken. Clin Res 6: 059. Abstract Purpose: Evaluate the corneal damage and wound healing in an animal model with Bowman’s layer after UVA+UVB radiation and epi-off Cross-Linking (CXL). Methods: Adult Brown Classic chickens were randomly divided into three groups. The UVA+UVB group (20 eyes) was exposed to three doses of radiation (4.60 J/cm 2 ). The CXL group (12 eyes), was de-epithelialized and irradiated with UVA light (5.4 J/cm 2 ) for 30 minutes. The contralateral eyes were used as a control (12 eyes). The animals have clinically follow-up, the epithelial closure was measured by fluorescein stain and corneal thickness by pachymetry. Keratocytes loss, subsequent cell repopulation, and healing events were analyzed after euthanasia at 24 hours, 15 and 30 days post-ra- diation on hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Cell death was detected by TUNEL assay, proliferation by BrdU (bromodeoxyuridine) immunofluorescence, and myofibroblasts differentiation by (αSMA) immunohistochemistry. Results: Re-epithelialization was at 5 ± 2.3 days in CXL and at day 2 ± 0.9 days in UVA+UVB. Pachymetry was higher after UVA+UVB than CXL (p<0.05). Cell death affected the whole thickness of stroma in the UVA+UVB group and anterior and middle stroma in CXL. At day 1, the UVA+UVB group showed a more significant reduction in the number of stromal cells. After 30 days, both groups showed a free band of cells below the epithelium. Conclusion: The damage and the healing response in chicken cor- neas after UVA+UVB and CXL demonstrated that Bowman’s layer has not been successful in protecting the cornea from radiation. Perhaps, other factors that are involved in corneal defense.
UVA+ UVB太阳辐射水平及交联对鲍曼综合征鸡模型的影响临床研究6:059。目的:评价UVA+UVB辐射和epi-off交联(CXL)对鲍曼层动物模型角膜损伤和创面愈合的影响。方法:将成年布朗经典鸡随机分为3组。UVA+UVB组(20只眼睛)暴露于三次剂量的辐射(4.60 J/ cm2)。CXL组(12只眼)去上皮,UVA光(5.4 J/ cm2)照射30分钟。对侧眼作为对照(12只眼)。对实验动物进行临床随访,荧光素染色测定上皮闭合程度,角膜厚测法测定角膜厚度。在苏木精-伊红染色切片上分析安乐死后24小时、15天和30天的角质细胞损失、随后的细胞再生和愈合事件。TUNEL法检测细胞死亡,BrdU(溴脱氧尿苷)免疫荧光法检测细胞增殖,(αSMA)免疫组化法检测肌成纤维细胞分化。结果:CXL的再上皮化时间为5±2.3天,UVA+UVB的再生时间为2±0.9天。UVA+UVB治疗后血肿明显高于CXL (p<0.05)。细胞死亡影响了UVA+UVB组间质整体厚度和CXL前中层间质厚度。在第1天,UVA+UVB组间质细胞数量减少更为显著。30 d后,两组上皮下均出现游离带。结论:UVA+UVB和CXL对鸡角膜的损伤和愈合反应表明,鲍曼层对角膜的保护作用并不成功。也许还有其他因素与角膜防御有关。
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引用次数: 0
Anterior Angle Closure Glaucoma Induced by Topiramate and Follow Up by Anterior Chamber Angle Optical Coherence Tomography - A Case Report 托吡酯致闭角型青光眼及前房角光学相干断层扫描随访1例
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.24966/ocr-8887/100058
Sergio Arrascue Limo
We describe a case of a 26 year old female who developed bilateral angle closure glaucoma associated with oral topiramate therapy and her follow up by Anterior Chamber Angle Optical Coherence Tomography (ACA-OCT) during her treatment. We observed a partial resolution of symptoms and corneal edema after cessation of topiramate and initiation of topical and oral antiglaucomatose drugs, but, an anatomic resolution determined by the aperture of the anterior chamber angle by ACA-OCT was only visualized after topical cycloplegic drugs were started. Intraocular pressure normalized during the first week after the therapy started, aperture of the anterior chamber angle was observed 1 day after cycloplegic drugs therapy started, visual acuity normalized 20 day after the cessation of topiramate and two weeks after the cessation of topical atropine. Topiramate, a sulfa-derivative antiepileptic medication may cause idiosyncratic ciliochoroidal detachments and ciliary body edema leading to anterior displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm, lens thickening, and acute angle-closure glaucoma. The clinical history is important for the identification of this pathology in order to start the treatment based in cessation of the oral topiramate, antiglaucomatose drugs and topical atropine. Figure 1: Shows the temporal ACA-OCT in right eye (RE) and left eye (LE) at the beginning of the Bilateral TPM induced AACG (I), 24 hours after antiglaucomatose therapy and cessation of topiramate (II) and 24 hours after beginning of topical atropine therapy (III). Citation: Limo SAA, Limo CEA (2019) Anterior Angle Closure Glaucoma Induced by Topiramate and Follow Up by Anterior Chamber Angle Optical Coherence Tomography A Case Report. J Ophthalmic Clin Res 6: 058.
我们描述了一位26岁的女性,她在口服托吡酯治疗后发展为双侧闭角型青光眼,并在治疗期间进行了前房角光学相干断层扫描(ACA-OCT)随访。我们观察到,停用托吡酯并开始局部和口服抗青光眼药物后,症状和角膜水肿部分消退,但是,只有在开始局部使用抗青光眼药物后,ACA-OCT通过前房角孔径确定的解剖消退才可见。眼压开始治疗后第一周恢复正常,眼压开始治疗后第1天观察前房角孔径,托吡酯停用20天、局部阿托品停用2周后观察视力恢复正常。磺胺衍生物抗癫痫药物托吡酯可引起特异性纤毛脉络膜脱离和纤毛体水肿,导致晶状体-虹膜前移位、晶状体增厚和急性闭角型青光眼。临床病史对于确定这种病理非常重要,以便开始基于停止口服托吡酯、抗青光眼药物和局部阿托品的治疗。图1:显示双侧TPM诱导的AACG开始时(I)、抗青光眼治疗和停止托吡酯治疗后24小时(II)和开始局部阿托品治疗后24小时(III)右眼(RE)和左眼(LE)的颞部ACA-OCT。引文:Limo SAA, Limo CEA(2019)托吡酯诱导的前房角闭合性青光眼和前房角光学相干层摄影随访1例报告。[J]眼科杂志,6:058。
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引用次数: 0
Refractive Changes Induced by Recession of the Medial Rectus and the Inferior Oblique Muscles 内侧直肠和下斜肌凹陷引起的屈光变化
Pub Date : 2019-08-20 DOI: 10.24966/ocr-8887/100053
Ari Leshno
Purpose: To investigate refractive changes after strabismus correction by combined recession of the Medial Rectus (MR) and Inferior Oblique (IO) muscles. Methods: We reviewed cases of combined MR and IO recession. Individuals with both preoperative refraction measurement and one month postoperative measurements were included. Double-angle mathematical methods for subtraction of refraction were used in order to calculate the surgical induced refractive change. Paired-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test and one-sample binomial tests were used to identify significant postoperative refractive changes. The prevalence of clinically significant changes was also evaluated. Results: Fifty-five eyes from 28 subjects met the criteria and were included in the final analysis. A substantial rate (>50%) of clinically significant refractive changes resulting in a myopic shift and a positive increase in cylinder power towards with-the-rule direction were observed after combined recession of MR and IO. The rate of significant changes in terms of SE was lower. There was no correlation between the recession extent and amount of refractive change and no significant differences were observed between types of IO weakening procedure. Conclusion: Refractive changes are a significant side effect of combined recession of MR and IO, and patients should be informed regarding the possibility of such complication prior to the procedure and close postoperative observation is warranted to prevent amblyopia. Citation: Daphna M-Z, Tomer Z-B, Ofira Z, Sharon BM, Chaim S, et al. (2019) Refractive Changes Induced by Recession of the Medial Rectus and the Inferior Oblique Muscles. J Ophthalmic Clin Res 6: 053.
目的:探讨直肠内侧肌和下斜肌联合后屈矫正斜视后的屈光变化。方法:我们回顾了MR和IO联合衰退的病例。同时进行术前屈光测量和术后一个月测量的个体也包括在内。为了计算手术引起的屈光变化,采用了双角度数学方法减去屈光度。配对样本Wilcoxon符号秩检验和单样本二项检验用于确定术后显著的屈光变化。还评估了临床显著变化的发生率。结果:来自28名受试者的55只眼睛符合标准,并纳入最终分析。在MR和IO联合衰退后,观察到临床上显著的屈光变化导致近视移位的显著率(>50%)和柱面屈光力向规则方向的正增加。SE的显著变化率较低。衰退程度和屈光变化量之间没有相关性,IO弱化程序类型之间也没有观察到显著差异。结论:屈光变化是MR和IO联合衰退的一个显著副作用,手术前应告知患者发生此类并发症的可能性,术后密切观察以预防弱视。引文:Daphna M-Z,Tomer Z-B,Ofira Z,Sharon BM,Chaim S等人(2019)内侧直肠和下斜肌凹陷引起的屈光变化。眼科临床研究杂志6:053。
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引用次数: 0
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HSOA journal of ophthalmology & clinical research
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