Background: Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein which is implicated in regulation of angiogenesis.
Purpose: To characterize the changes in SPARC expression and effect of its deletion in a mouse model Oxygen Induced Retinopathy (OIR).
Materials and methods: Wild type (wt) and SPARC-deficient mice were subjected to high oxygen (75%) for 5 days (p7-p12) before room air for additional 5 days (p12-p17). Retinas from both groups were flat mounted and retinal vessels were labeled with Isolectin-B4. Areas of Retinal Neovascularization (RNV) and vaso-obliteration were measured by Image-J and normalized to total retinal areas. SPARC expression was analyzed in both groups at p14 and p17 in retinal homogenates and sections by Western Blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence respectively. Human Retinal Endothelial Cells (HRECs) were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) for 6 hours then SPARC was measured in cell lysate and condition medium by WB and ELISA. Moreover, HRECs were treated with VEGF or SPARC to study their mutual regulatory effect.
Results: SPARC-deficient mice demonstrated significant increase in the vaso-obliteration (p=0.03) and modest increase in RNV compared to the wt control. Retinal levels of SPARC was significantly decreased during OIR at p14 (p=0.01) and partially restored to normal level by p17. Moreover, hypoxia significantly reduced SPARC expression and secretion in HRECs (p=0.001). We noticed a mutual positive regulatory feedback between SPARC and VEGF.
Conclusion: SPARC deletion enhances ischemic retinopathy, thus modulation of SPARC expression could be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent pathological RNV.
{"title":"Deletion of SPARC Enhances Retinal Vaso-Obliteration in Mouse Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.","authors":"Doaa Sobeih, Khaled A Hussein, Neveen Said, Kouros Motamed, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein which is implicated in regulation of angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize the changes in SPARC expression and effect of its deletion in a mouse model Oxygen Induced Retinopathy (OIR).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Wild type (wt) and SPARC-deficient mice were subjected to high oxygen (75%) for 5 days (p7-p12) before room air for additional 5 days (p12-p17). Retinas from both groups were flat mounted and retinal vessels were labeled with Isolectin-B4. Areas of Retinal Neovascularization (RNV) and vaso-obliteration were measured by Image-J and normalized to total retinal areas. SPARC expression was analyzed in both groups at p14 and p17 in retinal homogenates and sections by Western Blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence respectively. Human Retinal Endothelial Cells (HRECs) were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) for 6 hours then SPARC was measured in cell lysate and condition medium by WB and ELISA. Moreover, HRECs were treated with VEGF or SPARC to study their mutual regulatory effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SPARC-deficient mice demonstrated significant increase in the vaso-obliteration (<i>p</i>=0.03) and modest increase in RNV compared to the wt control. Retinal levels of SPARC was significantly decreased during OIR at p14 (<i>p</i>=0.01) and partially restored to normal level by p17. Moreover, hypoxia significantly reduced SPARC expression and secretion in HRECs (<i>p</i>=0.001). We noticed a mutual positive regulatory feedback between SPARC and VEGF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SPARC deletion enhances ischemic retinopathy, thus modulation of SPARC expression could be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent pathological RNV.</p>","PeriodicalId":91268,"journal":{"name":"HSOA journal of ophthalmology & clinical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4665627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-22DOI: 10.24966/OCR-8887/100002
Doaa Sobeih, K. Hussein, N. Said, K. Motamed, M. Al-Shabrawey
BACKGROUND Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein which is implicated in regulation of angiogenesis. PURPOSE To characterize the changes in SPARC expression and effect of its deletion in a mouse model Oxygen Induced Retinopathy (OIR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Wild type (wt) and SPARC-deficient mice were subjected to high oxygen (75%) for 5 days (p7-p12) before room air for additional 5 days (p12-p17). Retinas from both groups were flat mounted and retinal vessels were labeled with Isolectin-B4. Areas of Retinal Neovascularization (RNV) and vaso-obliteration were measured by Image-J and normalized to total retinal areas. SPARC expression was analyzed in both groups at p14 and p17 in retinal homogenates and sections by Western Blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence respectively. Human Retinal Endothelial Cells (HRECs) were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) for 6 hours then SPARC was measured in cell lysate and condition medium by WB and ELISA. Moreover, HRECs were treated with VEGF or SPARC to study their mutual regulatory effect. RESULTS SPARC-deficient mice demonstrated significant increase in the vaso-obliteration (p=0.03) and modest increase in RNV compared to the wt control. Retinal levels of SPARC was significantly decreased during OIR at p14 (p=0.01) and partially restored to normal level by p17. Moreover, hypoxia significantly reduced SPARC expression and secretion in HRECs (p=0.001). We noticed a mutual positive regulatory feedback between SPARC and VEGF. CONCLUSION SPARC deletion enhances ischemic retinopathy, thus modulation of SPARC expression could be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent pathological RNV.
{"title":"Deletion of SPARC Enhances Retinal Vaso-Obliteration in Mouse Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.","authors":"Doaa Sobeih, K. Hussein, N. Said, K. Motamed, M. Al-Shabrawey","doi":"10.24966/OCR-8887/100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24966/OCR-8887/100002","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein which is implicated in regulation of angiogenesis.\u0000\u0000\u0000PURPOSE\u0000To characterize the changes in SPARC expression and effect of its deletion in a mouse model Oxygen Induced Retinopathy (OIR).\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000Wild type (wt) and SPARC-deficient mice were subjected to high oxygen (75%) for 5 days (p7-p12) before room air for additional 5 days (p12-p17). Retinas from both groups were flat mounted and retinal vessels were labeled with Isolectin-B4. Areas of Retinal Neovascularization (RNV) and vaso-obliteration were measured by Image-J and normalized to total retinal areas. SPARC expression was analyzed in both groups at p14 and p17 in retinal homogenates and sections by Western Blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence respectively. Human Retinal Endothelial Cells (HRECs) were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) for 6 hours then SPARC was measured in cell lysate and condition medium by WB and ELISA. Moreover, HRECs were treated with VEGF or SPARC to study their mutual regulatory effect.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000SPARC-deficient mice demonstrated significant increase in the vaso-obliteration (p=0.03) and modest increase in RNV compared to the wt control. Retinal levels of SPARC was significantly decreased during OIR at p14 (p=0.01) and partially restored to normal level by p17. Moreover, hypoxia significantly reduced SPARC expression and secretion in HRECs (p=0.001). We noticed a mutual positive regulatory feedback between SPARC and VEGF.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000SPARC deletion enhances ischemic retinopathy, thus modulation of SPARC expression could be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent pathological RNV.","PeriodicalId":91268,"journal":{"name":"HSOA journal of ophthalmology & clinical research","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82684348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 68 year old woman presented with a progressively enlarging orbital mass. MRI of her brain and orbits was consistent with an orbital pseudotumor. Although there was some improvement in the patient’s pain and the size of the mass, it did not fully resolve.The patient had a biopsy demonstrate non-caseating granulomatous inflammation. A chest X-ray and CT chest demonstrated bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Further examination and interviewing of the patient revealed several months of joint paints and lower extremity nodules. The patient was diagnosed with orbital sarcoidosis and was started on methotrexate by a rheumatologist
{"title":"An Orbital Mass Partially Responsive to Steroid","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jocr.05.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jocr.05.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"A 68 year old woman presented with a progressively enlarging orbital mass. MRI of her brain and orbits was consistent with an orbital pseudotumor. Although there was some improvement in the patient’s pain and the size of the mass, it did not fully resolve.The patient had a biopsy demonstrate non-caseating granulomatous inflammation. A chest X-ray and CT chest demonstrated bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Further examination and interviewing of the patient revealed several months of joint paints and lower extremity nodules. The patient was diagnosed with orbital sarcoidosis and was started on methotrexate by a rheumatologist","PeriodicalId":91268,"journal":{"name":"HSOA journal of ophthalmology & clinical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The use of mitomycin C (MMC) has been recommended to reduce postoperative recurrence in patients undergoing pterygium surgery. However, the outcomes with preoperative (PO) and intraoperative (IO) application of mitomycin C have not been adequately compared. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate PO MMC versus IO MMC in terms of recurrence and complications for pterygium treatment. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched with the keywords “pterygium,” “mitomycin,” and “preoperative” and “intraoperative.” Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PO MMC with IO MMC in pterygium surgery were included. A risk of bias tool was used to perform qualitative assessments. Outcome measurements were recurrence and complications of the ocular surface. Review Manager 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Five RCTs with 390 participants (390 eyes) showing primary or recurrent pterygium were included. Recurrence of pterygium with PO MMC was similar to that with IO MMC (RR = 1.04, 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.76, P = 0.89). There was no significant difference between the two treatments (PO MMC vs. IO MMC) with respect to complications of the ocular surface, including conjunctival complications (RR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.76; P = 0.89), scleral complications (RR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.14 to 3.73; P = 0.70), and corneal complications (RR = 1.33; 95% CI, 0.32 to 5.48; P = 0.70). Conclusion: PO MMC was as efficient as IO MMC in controlling the recurrence and complications in pterygium surgery.
{"title":"Effects of Preoperative Versus Intraoperative Application of Mitomycin C on the Outcome of Pterygium Surgery: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jocr.05.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jocr.05.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of mitomycin C (MMC) has been recommended to reduce postoperative recurrence in patients undergoing pterygium surgery. However, the outcomes with preoperative (PO) and intraoperative (IO) application of mitomycin C have not been adequately compared. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate PO MMC versus IO MMC in terms of recurrence and complications for pterygium treatment. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched with the keywords “pterygium,” “mitomycin,” and “preoperative” and “intraoperative.” Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PO MMC with IO MMC in pterygium surgery were included. A risk of bias tool was used to perform qualitative assessments. Outcome measurements were recurrence and complications of the ocular surface. Review Manager 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Five RCTs with 390 participants (390 eyes) showing primary or recurrent pterygium were included. Recurrence of pterygium with PO MMC was similar to that with IO MMC (RR = 1.04, 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.76, P = 0.89). There was no significant difference between the two treatments (PO MMC vs. IO MMC) with respect to complications of the ocular surface, including conjunctival complications (RR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.76; P = 0.89), scleral complications (RR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.14 to 3.73; P = 0.70), and corneal complications (RR = 1.33; 95% CI, 0.32 to 5.48; P = 0.70). Conclusion: PO MMC was as efficient as IO MMC in controlling the recurrence and complications in pterygium surgery.","PeriodicalId":91268,"journal":{"name":"HSOA journal of ophthalmology & clinical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ptosis is defined as lower positioning of the upper eyelid margin which normally is placed 1.5 mm below the superior corneal limbus [1]. Ptosis can be accounted as the 3rd most common eyelid disorders following chalazion and entropion [2]. It may result in amblyopia, visual field defect, cosmetic and psychological problems. Generally, ptosis is subdivided to congenital and acquired cases [3]. Abnormal development of levator muscle or innervation abnormalities is responsible for congenital cases of ptosis. On the other side, trauma, several neurologic disease, and defective levator aponeurosis can lead to acquired ptosis [4]. Levator function, clinical feature, and concomitant eyelid or face abnormalities are the determining factors for choosing appropriate surgical plan [5]. Common surgical approaches include frontalis suspension technique and levator muscle procedures (levator advancement and levator resection) in which frontalis suspension is performed in cases with poor levator function and the latter one is suitable for patients with preserved levator function [4]. Levator resection outcomes are not absolutely predictable. Multiple factors such as ptosis severity, levator function, and age of patient have been discussed as predictive factors for surgical success rate.
{"title":"Predicting the Success Rate of Levator Resection Surgery Using Whitnall Ligament Position","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jocr.05.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jocr.05.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Ptosis is defined as lower positioning of the upper eyelid margin which normally is placed 1.5 mm below the superior corneal limbus [1]. Ptosis can be accounted as the 3rd most common eyelid disorders following chalazion and entropion [2]. It may result in amblyopia, visual field defect, cosmetic and psychological problems. Generally, ptosis is subdivided to congenital and acquired cases [3]. Abnormal development of levator muscle or innervation abnormalities is responsible for congenital cases of ptosis. On the other side, trauma, several neurologic disease, and defective levator aponeurosis can lead to acquired ptosis [4]. Levator function, clinical feature, and concomitant eyelid or face abnormalities are the determining factors for choosing appropriate surgical plan [5]. Common surgical approaches include frontalis suspension technique and levator muscle procedures (levator advancement and levator resection) in which frontalis suspension is performed in cases with poor levator function and the latter one is suitable for patients with preserved levator function [4]. Levator resection outcomes are not absolutely predictable. Multiple factors such as ptosis severity, levator function, and age of patient have been discussed as predictive factors for surgical success rate.","PeriodicalId":91268,"journal":{"name":"HSOA journal of ophthalmology & clinical research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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