Brain Stimulation最新文献

{"title":"Non-invasive modulation of brain activity and behavior by transcranial radio frequency stimulation","authors":"Omid Yaghmazadeh ,&nbsp;Leeor Alon ,&nbsp;Tanzil M. Arefin ,&nbsp;Zakia Ben Youss ,&nbsp;Jiangyang Zhang ,&nbsp;György Buzsáki","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Achieving non-invasive, targeted modulation of deep brain tissue remains a major challenge in neurotechnology. Current non-invasive brain stimulation methods—such as transcranial electrical (TES), magnetic (TMS), and focused ultrasound (TFUS) stimulation—suffer from limitations in spatial focality, penetration depth, or skull-related distortions. Radio frequency (RF) energy, which penetrates biological tissue effectively, offers an alternative avenue for neural modulation. This study introduces Transcranial Radio Frequency Stimulation (TRFS) as a novel, non-invasive neuromodulation technique that leverages RF-induced thermal effects to modulate neural activity in vivo.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a custom RF stimulation system using 945 MHz stub antennas optimized for localized brain heating in mice. Using our unique experimental setup, we developed and tested two operational modes of TRFS:Pristine mode: RF stimulation applied to intact brain tissue.RF-genetics mode: RF stimulation applied to brain regions virally transduced to overexpress the thermosensitive TRPV1 ion channel.</div><div>Neural activity was recorded using metal-free one-photon fiber photometry with GCaMP calcium indicators. Behavioral effects were assessed through a rotational test in freely moving mice after MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion. Local temperature changes were monitored by optical thermometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In pristine mode, RF exposure induced temperature rises leading to dose-dependent suppression of cortical parvalbumin (PV) interneuron activity. This neural suppression translated behaviorally into a unilateral rotational bias ipsilateral to the stimulated hemisphere in hyperlocomotive freely moving mice.In RF-genetics mode, RF stimulation of TRPV1-overexpressing regions produced temperature-dependent excitation of neural activity once local change in temperatures exceeded ΔT ≈ 1.5 °C. Behaviorally, this excitation reversed the direction of rotation in hyperlocomotive freely moving mice, yielding a contralateral bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TRFS represents a conceptual advance in neuromodulation, uniting the inherent capability of RF energy to target deep brain tissue with the biophysical reliability of thermal modulation. TRFS applications are bimodal, capable of influencing the pristine brain by suppressing the activity of specific neuronal populations in targeted regions, or of exciting selectively transfected neural ensembles expressing thermosensitive TRPV1 ion channels. The latter modality, first introduced here, represents a novel concept termed “RF-genetics.” TRFS represents a promising platform for next-generation non-invasive brain stimulation with potential translational applications in treating various neurological and psychiatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 103032"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postictal agitation is associated with brain-wide postictal microstructural changes after electroconvulsive therapy-induced seizures","authors":"Joey P.A.J. Verdijk ,&nbsp;Tonia A.L. van Dijk-Schouten ,&nbsp;Julia C.M. Pottkämper ,&nbsp;Laurens A. van de Mortel ,&nbsp;Freek ten Doesschate ,&nbsp;Sven Stuiver ,&nbsp;Maxime Chamberland ,&nbsp;David G. Norris ,&nbsp;Michel J.A.M. van Putten ,&nbsp;Jeannette Hofmeijer ,&nbsp;Guido A. van Wingen ,&nbsp;Jeroen A. van Waarde","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in depression, but associated with postictal agitation. Mechanisms of postictal symptoms are largely unclear. We studied whether postictal symptoms are related to immediate postictal diffusivity changes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a randomized cross-over clinical trial, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans before the ECT-course and three times immediately postictally in 22 patients. In this secondary analysis, mixed effects models and Generalized Estimating Equations were used to assess postictal changes in mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), including relations with reorientation time and occurrence of postictal agitation. Additionally, with Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), voxel-wise changes in the white matter (WM) skeleton were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Postictal agitation, but not reorientation time, was associated with decreased mean FA (<em>β =</em> −12.0, <em>OR =</em> 0.70, <em>p</em> = 0.02). This relationship was supported by voxel-wise analysis, that revealed associations with postictal FA reduction localized in the left anterior limb of the internal capsule. Additionally, postictal agitation was associated with increased mean MD (<em>β =</em> 1.02e⁴, <em>OR =</em> 1.42, <em>p</em> = 0.04) in white matter. No significant associations were observed with baseline values of MD or FA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We show that postictal agitation is associated with brain-wide immediate postictal diffusivity changes, suggesting a clinically relevant role of changes in tissue microstructure shortly after an ECT-induced seizure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 103031"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Rezai A, Ranjan M, Bhagwat A et al. “Brain injury during focused ultrasound neuromodulation for substance use disorder.” Brain stimul. 2025","authors":"Muhammad Zubair","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 103030"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral online ultrasound stimulation of early visual cortex suppresses responses to contralateral visual stimuli","authors":"Suraya Dunsford ,&nbsp;Keith Murphy ,&nbsp;Ema Darrieutort ,&nbsp;Elsa Fouragnan ,&nbsp;Giorgio Ganis","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) shows great promise for inducing neuroplastic changes that persist long after stimulation. Evidence of stimulation-locked (online) neural changes would enable the development of closed-loop application of TUS. However, such responses have been difficult to distinguish from coincident neural activity caused by auditory and somatosensory effects of TUS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To dissociate genuine online neuromodulatory effects from peripheral confounds, we leveraged the contralateral retinotopic organization of the early visual cortex in nineteen subjects. Using a hemifield visual stimulation paradigm combined with high-precision, functional MRI-guided TUS, we applied TUS to the left early visual cortex while participants viewed checkerboards presented in the left or right visual hemifield. Randomized delivery of TUS on half of the trials enabled within-subject comparisons of hemisphere-specific, pattern-locked visual evoked potentials (VEPs) across stimulated and unstimulated hemispheres, as well as across visual-stimulus and no-stimulus conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TUS to the left visual cortex reduced mean VEP amplitude over the stimulated (left) hemisphere for right-hemifield (contralateral) stimuli. No such reduction appeared at the symmetric right-hemisphere sites for left-hemifield stimuli. The degree of online suppression correlated positively with target engagement, estimated by modelling the TUS field that accounted for inter-individual heterogeneity in skull transmission and its overlap with the fMRI-defined target. This relationship suggests that greater target engagement is reliably associated with stronger TUS-induced neural modulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide clear evidence of online, spatially specific TUS-induced neural modulation, dissociated from peripheral confounds. This approach establishes a robust framework for future studies aiming to map the TUS parameter space in real time by leveraging topographic organization to control for peripheral confounds, and supports the development of closed-loop neuromodulation protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 103023"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid optogenetic and electrical stimulation of retinal ganglion cells for artificial vision","authors":"William C. Kwan ,&nbsp;Emma K. Brunton ,&nbsp;Toon Goris ,&nbsp;James M. Begeng ,&nbsp;Tatiana Kameneva ,&nbsp;Paul R. Stoddart ,&nbsp;Michael R. Ibbotson ,&nbsp;Rachael T. Richardson ,&nbsp;Wei Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Millions of adults worldwide experience severe visual impairment due to photoreceptor loss from retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration. Retinal prostheses that provide artificial vision by stimulating the surviving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) have emerged as a promising therapy. However, all clinically approved retinal prostheses that use electrical stimulation face the issue of electrical spread. As such, the quality of restored vision provided by existing devices has been limited. Optogenetic approaches provide greater spatial precision, however, they have poor temporal properties compared to electrical stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We developed an opto-electrical hybrid approach and surveyed this stimulation strategy in the retina of two animal models: normal-sighted transgenic mice that express ChR2-H134R in a sub-population of RGCs and the degenerated retina of Royal College of Surgeons rats with residual RGCs transduced with ChrimsonR. We conducted whole-cell patch clamp recordings and measured calcium transients with the biosensor GCaMP7s to determine single-cell and population responses to hybrid stimulation, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hybrid stimulation reduced both electrical and optogenetic activation thresholds. Optical thresholds could be halved with electrical supplementation and synergistically, the opto-electrical coupling reduced the electrical intensity requirements to elicit action potentials by ∼50 % (p &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, hybrid stimulation evoked significantly higher firing frequencies, by an order of up to 2×, when compared to electrical or optical-only methods (p &lt; 0.0001). These properties of hybrid stimulation were replicated in the diseased retina, where the reduced activation thresholds contributed to significantly reduced spread of activation compared to electrical stimulation alone (p &lt; 0.05), a challenge that persists in devices that utilize extracellular electrical stimulation. Hybrid stimulation improved the spatial resolution of RGC activation when applied at retina-electrode spacing reflective of current epiretinal and suprachoroidal devices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combining the optogenetic and electrical modes of activation enabled significant reductions of each component in the stimulus, leading to more localised stimulation when compared to electrical-only stimulation, while also reducing the optical intensity required for optogenetic activation. Together with improvements in response reliability, hybrid stimulation may not only improve the resolution and refresh rate of future visual prostheses but may also provide greater control in neuromodulation for any bionic device that interfaces with neural tissue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 103012"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145826907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale mapping of artificial perceptions for neuroprostheses using spontaneous neuronal activity in macaque and human visual cortex","authors":"Antonio Lozano ,&nbsp;Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Mike La Grouw ,&nbsp;Bingshuo Li ,&nbsp;Feng Wang ,&nbsp;Maureen van der Grinten ,&nbsp;Cristina Soto-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Aitor Morales-Gregorio ,&nbsp;Eduardo Fernández ,&nbsp;Pieter R. Roelfsema","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-channel-count neuroprostheses could one day restore functional vision in blind individuals by delivering electrical pulses to electrodes in the visual cortex that elicit perceptions known as ‘phosphenes’. However, if a high number of electrodes are used, it becomes challenging and time-consuming to map the visual field locations of all phosphenes. Furthermore, many blind users are not able to maintain stable fixation, impeding the localization of phosphenes, or may perceive spontaneous visual phenomena that interfere with detection of electrically induced phosphenes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To introduce and evaluate NEural Unsupervised electrode mapping (NEUmap), a rapid, largely automated method for phosphene mapping that extracts spatial patterns from spontaneous activity across the visual cortex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>As correlations between neuronal activity on nearby electrodes are stronger than those between distant electrodes, we first use dimensionality-reduction algorithms to generate maps of relative positions of electrodes. We then determine visual field coordinates of phosphenes. To this aim, the subject manually reports phosphene locations for a small subset of electrodes, which we call ‘anchor points’, e.g. by pointing or drawing phosphene locations on a tablet. NEUmap then aligns the anchor points to the map of relative distances to obtain an estimate of the visual field coordinates of all phosphenes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NEUmap was applied to data recorded from 896 V1 electrodes in each of two sighted monkeys, and 96 V1/V2 electrodes in each of 3 blind human volunteers. NEUmap generated high quality maps across ∼300–700 electrodes in each of the monkeys and across 73–91 electrodes in each of the human volunteers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Existing clinical methods of phosphene mapping on many electrodes are tedious. NEUmap can alleviate some of this burden for future prosthesis users by permitting the mapping of hundreds of electrodes using less than a second of resting-state data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 103019"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US FDA approves home-delivered tDCS for treating depression","authors":"Marom Bikson PhD ,&nbsp;Andre R. Brunoni MD PhD ,&nbsp;Mark S. George MD","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On Dec 8, 2025, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Flow Neuroscience transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) device for the treatment of “moderate to severe major depressive disorder (MDD) in the current episode, either as monotherapy or as an adjunctive treatment, in patients 18 years and older who are not considered treatment refractory to medication.” This represents the first FDA premarket approval (PMA) for a home-use non-invasive brain-stimulation device specifically indicated for depression treatment. This is a major regulatory milestone in non-pharmacological treatment of depression, and paves the way for additional uses and new technologies of home-based neuromodulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 103021"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At home monitoring of chronic adaptive deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease","authors":"Chuyi Cui ,&nbsp;Jin Woo Choi ,&nbsp;Shreesh Karjagi ,&nbsp;Kevin B. Wilkins ,&nbsp;Aarushi Negi ,&nbsp;Helen M. Bronte-Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2026.103028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 103028"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromodulator timing regulates adult cortical plasticity via the synaptic eligibility trace","authors":"Brendan M. Williams ,&nbsp;Michael S. Borland ,&nbsp;Tanya T. Danaphongse ,&nbsp;Lasya Pasapula ,&nbsp;Jayant K. Rajagopal ,&nbsp;Seth A. Hays ,&nbsp;Crystal T. Engineer","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Learning-induced cortical reorganization is facilitated by neuromodulator release. However, the precise temporal relationship between neuromodulator release and neural activity required to induce plasticity is not well understood. In single synapses, eligibility traces regulate plasticity such that neuromodulator arrival must occur within seconds of activity. Cortical plasticity can also be induced by pairing neuromodulator release with neural activity, but it is unknown whether plasticity in populations of neurons is regulated by the same temporal constraints.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To determine whether the synaptic eligibility trace regulates cortical plasticity, we used vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) to drive neuromodulator release 3 s before, 1 s before, concurrent with, or 3 s after tone-evoked activity in auditory cortex. After 20 days of pairing, we used in vivo electrophysiology to quantify the proportion of auditory cortex responding to the paired tone frequency.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that VNS 1 s before or concurrent with tone onset significantly expanded the representation of the paired tone frequency (-1s, p = 0.04; 0s, p = 0.02), whereas 3 s before or after did not (-3s, p = 0.87; +3s, p = 0.53). Confirming the role of neuromodulators in this eligibility trace, we found that depletion of norepinephrine prevented VNS-tone pairing-induced plasticity (0s + DSP4, p = 0.23).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our study demonstrates that cortical plasticity is regulated by time constraints similar to the synaptic eligibility trace and highlights the importance of considering the timing of neuromodulator release when employing methods to enhance plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 103004"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal variation of brain hemodynamics with accelerated iTBS for depression: A single-case concurrent TMS/fNIRS study","authors":"Adam Weili Xia ,&nbsp;Minxia Jin ,&nbsp;Penny Ping Qin ,&nbsp;Ivan K.Y. Chak ,&nbsp;Bella Bingbing Zhang ,&nbsp;Rebecca L.D. Kan ,&nbsp;Sharie X. Wang ,&nbsp;Tim T.Z. Lin ,&nbsp;Nancy M.X.Y. Shi ,&nbsp;Vera Lam ,&nbsp;Wanda M.W. Chau ,&nbsp;Alvin H.P. Tang ,&nbsp;Nolan Williams ,&nbsp;Frank Padberg ,&nbsp;Georg S. Kranz","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brs.2025.103020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 103020"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}