J. Zenk, C. Crowell, M. Villano, J. Kaboski, K. Tang, J. Diehl
Robotics and human-robot interaction (HRI) are growing fields that may benefit from an expanded perspective stimulated by more interdisciplinary contributions. One way to achieve this goal is to attract non-traditional students from the social sciences and humanities into these fields. This present paper describes two educational initiatives that focused on teaching non-engineering students about robotics and HRI. In one initiative, a group of younger students, including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), received hands-on experience with robotics in a context that was not overly technical, while in the other initiative, college students in the social sciences and humanities learned about basic HRI concepts and developed robotics applications. Themes common to both initiatives were to reach non-technical students who are not traditional targets for robotics education and to focus their learning on creating interactive sequences for robots based on key HRI design considerations rather than on the underlying mechanical and electrical details related to how those sequences are enacted inside the robot. Both initiatives were successful in terms of producing desired learning outcomes and fostering participant enjoyment.
{"title":"Unconventional students in robotics and HRI education","authors":"J. Zenk, C. Crowell, M. Villano, J. Kaboski, K. Tang, J. Diehl","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.6.2.Zenk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.6.2.Zenk","url":null,"abstract":"Robotics and human-robot interaction (HRI) are growing fields that may benefit from an expanded perspective stimulated by more interdisciplinary contributions. One way to achieve this goal is to attract non-traditional students from the social sciences and humanities into these fields. This present paper describes two educational initiatives that focused on teaching non-engineering students about robotics and HRI. In one initiative, a group of younger students, including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), received hands-on experience with robotics in a context that was not overly technical, while in the other initiative, college students in the social sciences and humanities learned about basic HRI concepts and developed robotics applications. Themes common to both initiatives were to reach non-technical students who are not traditional targets for robotics education and to focus their learning on creating interactive sequences for robots based on key HRI design considerations rather than on the underlying mechanical and electrical details related to how those sequences are enacted inside the robot. Both initiatives were successful in terms of producing desired learning outcomes and fostering participant enjoyment.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44511586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert R. Blain, A. Ferworn, Jean Li, Jimmy Tran, Michael Carter
This article examines a cross-disciplinary approach to learning human-robot interaction (HRI) through real-world problem solving. The problem originated from the need of archaeologists at the University of California, Berkeley, and Ryerson University to safely explore archaeologically significant areas disturbed by heavy looting activities at the ancient site of el-Hibeh, Egypt. The learning objectives were developed through interdisciplinary collaboration of three departments at Ryerson University. The deliverable was an HRI final examination---known as the "BUSA Dig"---in which students teleoperated a robot of their own design and manufacture that explored and mapped a simulated archaeological site. The students participated in the examination through their membership in one of six mixed groups composed of undergraduate computer science and graduate digital media students. At the end of the exam, students were expected to understand and explain HRI principles, paradigms, and metrics, construct appropriate robots that could survive and function in a defined environment, and employ mobile and teleoperated robots that solved problems.
{"title":"A multidisciplinary approach to learning human-robot interaction (HRI) through real-world problem solving","authors":"Robert R. Blain, A. Ferworn, Jean Li, Jimmy Tran, Michael Carter","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.6.2.Blain","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.6.2.Blain","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines a cross-disciplinary approach to learning human-robot interaction (HRI) through real-world problem solving. The problem originated from the need of archaeologists at the University of California, Berkeley, and Ryerson University to safely explore archaeologically significant areas disturbed by heavy looting activities at the ancient site of el-Hibeh, Egypt. The learning objectives were developed through interdisciplinary collaboration of three departments at Ryerson University. The deliverable was an HRI final examination---known as the \"BUSA Dig\"---in which students teleoperated a robot of their own design and manufacture that explored and mapped a simulated archaeological site. The students participated in the examination through their membership in one of six mixed groups composed of undergraduate computer science and graduate digital media students. At the end of the exam, students were expected to understand and explain HRI principles, paradigms, and metrics, construct appropriate robots that could survive and function in a defined environment, and employ mobile and teleoperated robots that solved problems.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42092930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reviews the state of the art in social eye gaze for human-robot interaction (HRI). It establishes three categories of gaze research in HRI, defined by differences in goals and methods: a human-centered approach, which focuses on people's responses to gaze; a design-centered approach, which addresses the features of robot gaze behavior and appearance that improve interaction; and a technology-centered approach, which is concentrated on the computational tools for implementing social eye gaze in robots. This paper begins with background information about gaze research in HRI and ends with a set of open questions.
{"title":"Social eye gaze in human-robot interaction","authors":"H. Admoni, B. Scassellati","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Admoni","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Admoni","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the state of the art in social eye gaze for human-robot interaction (HRI). It establishes three categories of gaze research in HRI, defined by differences in goals and methods: a human-centered approach, which focuses on people's responses to gaze; a design-centered approach, which addresses the features of robot gaze behavior and appearance that improve interaction; and a technology-centered approach, which is concentrated on the computational tools for implementing social eye gaze in robots. This paper begins with background information about gaze research in HRI and ends with a set of open questions.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Admoni","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41467887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-26DOI: 10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Levillain
Florent Levillain, E. Zibetti
A new race of artifacts comes equipped with behavioral properties. Those properties transmute the very nature of the object, granting it a life of its own and a special status that stems from the psychological attributions humans naturally produce when confronted by autonomous movements. This article examines what makes behavioral objects special in terms of the psychological properties they evoke in an observer. We look into the notion of behavior and evaluate to what extent the concept of anthropomorphism is a valid construct when considering the behavior of artificial objects. Based on recent research in cognitive psychology, we propose a framework to conceptualize the way people infer psychological attributes from movement, and the way it applies to behavioral objects.
{"title":"Behavioral objects","authors":"Florent Levillain, E. Zibetti","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Levillain","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Levillain","url":null,"abstract":"A new race of artifacts comes equipped with behavioral properties. Those properties transmute the very nature of the object, granting it a life of its own and a special status that stems from the psychological attributions humans naturally produce when confronted by autonomous movements. This article examines what makes behavioral objects special in terms of the psychological properties they evoke in an observer. We look into the notion of behavior and evaluate to what extent the concept of anthropomorphism is a valid construct when considering the behavior of artificial objects. Based on recent research in cognitive psychology, we propose a framework to conceptualize the way people infer psychological attributes from movement, and the way it applies to behavioral objects.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Levillain","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49628441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An important open problem for enabling truly taskable robots is the lack of task-general natural language mechanisms within cognitive robot architectures that enable robots to understand typical forms of human directives and generate appropriate responses. In this paper, we first provide experimental evidence that humans tend to phrase their directives to robots indirectly, especially in socially conventionalized contexts. We then introduce pragmatic and dialogue-based mechanisms to infer intended meanings from such indirect speech acts and demonstrate that these mechanisms can handle all indirect speech acts found in our experiment as well as other common forms of requests.
{"title":"Enabling robots to understand indirect speech acts in task-based interactions","authors":"Gordon Briggs, T. Williams, Matthias Scheutz","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Briggs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Briggs","url":null,"abstract":"An important open problem for enabling truly taskable robots is the lack of task-general natural language mechanisms within cognitive robot architectures that enable robots to understand typical forms of human directives and generate appropriate responses. In this paper, we first provide experimental evidence that humans tend to phrase their directives to robots indirectly, especially in socially conventionalized contexts. We then introduce pragmatic and dialogue-based mechanisms to infer intended meanings from such indirect speech acts and demonstrate that these mechanisms can handle all indirect speech acts found in our experiment as well as other common forms of requests.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.6.1.Briggs","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48504247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper considers the ethical challenges facing the development of robotic systems that deploy violent and lethal force against humans. While the use of violent and lethal force is not usually acceptable for humans or robots, police officers are authorized by the state to use violent and lethal force in certain circumstances in order to keep the peace and protect individuals and the community from an immediate threat. With the increased interest in developing and deploying robots for law enforcement tasks, including robots armed with weapons, the question arises as to how to design human-robot interactions (HRIs) in which violent and lethal force might be among the actions taken by the robot, or whether to preclude such actions altogether. This is what I call the "deadly design problem" for HRI. While it might be possible to design a system to recognize various gestures, such as "Hands up, don't shoot!," there are many more challenging and subtle aspects to the problem of implementing existing legal guidelines for the use of force in law enforcement robots. After examining the key legal and technical challenges of designing interactions involving violence, this paper concludes with some reflections on the ethics of HRI design raised by automating the use of force in policing. In light of the serious challenges in automating violence, it calls upon HRI researchers to adopt a moratorium on designing any robotic systems that deploy violent and lethal force against humans, and to consider ethical codes and laws to prohibit such systems in the future.
{"title":"\"Hands up, don't shoot!\"","authors":"P. Asaro","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Asaro","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Asaro","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the ethical challenges facing the development of robotic systems that deploy violent and lethal force against humans. While the use of violent and lethal force is not usually acceptable for humans or robots, police officers are authorized by the state to use violent and lethal force in certain circumstances in order to keep the peace and protect individuals and the community from an immediate threat. With the increased interest in developing and deploying robots for law enforcement tasks, including robots armed with weapons, the question arises as to how to design human-robot interactions (HRIs) in which violent and lethal force might be among the actions taken by the robot, or whether to preclude such actions altogether. This is what I call the \"deadly design problem\" for HRI. While it might be possible to design a system to recognize various gestures, such as \"Hands up, don't shoot!,\" there are many more challenging and subtle aspects to the problem of implementing existing legal guidelines for the use of force in law enforcement robots. After examining the key legal and technical challenges of designing interactions involving violence, this paper concludes with some reflections on the ethics of HRI design raised by automating the use of force in policing. In light of the serious challenges in automating violence, it calls upon HRI researchers to adopt a moratorium on designing any robotic systems that deploy violent and lethal force against humans, and to consider ethical codes and laws to prohibit such systems in the future.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Asaro","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regulators and privacy advocates increasingly demand that privacy be protected through the technical design of products and services, as well as through organizational procedures and policies. Privacy research by computer scientists and engineers are producing insights and techniques that empower a new professional in the technology sector---the privacy engineer. Despite great enthusiasm for this approach, there has been little effort to explore if and how this new direction in privacy protection is influencing the design of products. Understanding how design is being used to protect privacy requires analysis of sociotechnical systems, not de-contextualized technical artifacts. We analyze how privacy concerns in public policy debates about drones are raised and addressed in two concept videos from 2013 and 2015 developed by Amazon that depict fictional scenarios involving its future automated drone package delivery service. Drawing on design and communications methods we find that the concept videos reveal increased attention over time to privacy concerns. Our findings offer some evidence that privacy concerns are influencing Amazon's product and service design. Representations about the service offered in the 2015 video shape consumer expectations about how it addresses privacy concerns. While the videos reviewed do not represent an existing product, we discuss the shifting role such concept videos might play when Amazon's drone delivery service comes to market. As consumer facing representations of product functionality, concept videos, like other public statements, if misleading could form the basis of a deceptive statements claim by the Federal Trade Commission or state consumer protection agency. Finally, reflecting on our review, we suggest that concept videos are a useful tool for engaging regulators and other stakeholders in contextually specific considerations of when and how to enlist product and system design to protect privacy.
{"title":"These aren't the autonomous drones you're looking for","authors":"Richmond Y. Wong, D. Mulligan","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Wong","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Wong","url":null,"abstract":"Regulators and privacy advocates increasingly demand that privacy be protected through the technical design of products and services, as well as through organizational procedures and policies. Privacy research by computer scientists and engineers are producing insights and techniques that empower a new professional in the technology sector---the privacy engineer. Despite great enthusiasm for this approach, there has been little effort to explore if and how this new direction in privacy protection is influencing the design of products. Understanding how design is being used to protect privacy requires analysis of sociotechnical systems, not de-contextualized technical artifacts. We analyze how privacy concerns in public policy debates about drones are raised and addressed in two concept videos from 2013 and 2015 developed by Amazon that depict fictional scenarios involving its future automated drone package delivery service. Drawing on design and communications methods we find that the concept videos reveal increased attention over time to privacy concerns. Our findings offer some evidence that privacy concerns are influencing Amazon's product and service design. Representations about the service offered in the 2015 video shape consumer expectations about how it addresses privacy concerns. While the videos reviewed do not represent an existing product, we discuss the shifting role such concept videos might play when Amazon's drone delivery service comes to market. As consumer facing representations of product functionality, concept videos, like other public statements, if misleading could form the basis of a deceptive statements claim by the Federal Trade Commission or state consumer protection agency. Finally, reflecting on our review, we suggest that concept videos are a useful tool for engaging regulators and other stakeholders in contextually specific considerations of when and how to enlist product and system design to protect privacy.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Wong","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-20DOI: 10.5898/JHRI.5.3.DARLING
K. Darling, Ryan Calo
We are delighted to guest edit this special law and policy issue of the Journal of Human-Robot Interaction. The issue comes at a time of heightened interest in robotics by policymakers at all levels. The HRI community is already deeply interdisciplinary and wide-ranging in its research questions. But to date, there has been relatively little work specifically focused on the ways robot design and user experience interacts with ongoing law and policy debates. This special issue is a chance to collect excellent examples of research at this intersection and, hopefully, to spark more.
{"title":"Introduction to journal of human-robot interaction special issue on law and policy","authors":"K. Darling, Ryan Calo","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.5.3.DARLING","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.DARLING","url":null,"abstract":"We are delighted to guest edit this special law and policy issue of the Journal of Human-Robot Interaction. The issue comes at a time of heightened interest in robotics by policymakers at all levels. The HRI community is already deeply interdisciplinary and wide-ranging in its research questions. But to date, there has been relatively little work specifically focused on the ways robot design and user experience interacts with ongoing law and policy debates. This special issue is a chance to collect excellent examples of research at this intersection and, hopefully, to spark more.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.DARLING","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Just as our interactions with other people are shaped by our concepts about their beliefs, desires, and goals (i.e., "theory of mind"), our interactions with intelligent technologies such as robots are shaped by our concepts about their internal operations. Multiple studies have demonstrated that people attribute anthropomorphic features to technological agents in certain contexts, but researchers remain divided on how these attributions arise: What default assumptions do people make about the internal operations of intelligent technology, and what events or additional information cause us to alter those default assumptions? This article explores these open questions and some of their implications for law and policy. First, we review psychological research exploring people's attributions of agency, with particular focus on attributions to technological entities. Next, we define and describe one popular account of this research---a "promiscuous agency" account that assumes a reflexive tendency to broadly attribute humanlike properties to technological agents. We then summarize mounting evidence that people are often more cautious in attributing human properties than the promiscuous agency account suggests. We seek to integrate the mounting evidence for a "selective agency" account with the promiscuous agency account through the transition model of agency. Finally, we explore how selective agency, promiscuous agency, and the transition model relate to a sample of robotics law and policy issues. We address, in turn, issues related to Fourth Amendment protection, copyright law, statutory and regulatory interpretation, and negligence litigation, identifying specific implications of the transition model of agency for each issue.
{"title":"If asimo thinks, does roomba feel?","authors":"C. Jaeger, D. Levin","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Jaeger","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Jaeger","url":null,"abstract":"Just as our interactions with other people are shaped by our concepts about their beliefs, desires, and goals (i.e., \"theory of mind\"), our interactions with intelligent technologies such as robots are shaped by our concepts about their internal operations. Multiple studies have demonstrated that people attribute anthropomorphic features to technological agents in certain contexts, but researchers remain divided on how these attributions arise: What default assumptions do people make about the internal operations of intelligent technology, and what events or additional information cause us to alter those default assumptions? This article explores these open questions and some of their implications for law and policy. First, we review psychological research exploring people's attributions of agency, with particular focus on attributions to technological entities. Next, we define and describe one popular account of this research---a \"promiscuous agency\" account that assumes a reflexive tendency to broadly attribute humanlike properties to technological agents. We then summarize mounting evidence that people are often more cautious in attributing human properties than the promiscuous agency account suggests. We seek to integrate the mounting evidence for a \"selective agency\" account with the promiscuous agency account through the transition model of agency. Finally, we explore how selective agency, promiscuous agency, and the transition model relate to a sample of robotics law and policy issues. We address, in turn, issues related to Fourth Amendment protection, copyright law, statutory and regulatory interpretation, and negligence litigation, identifying specific implications of the transition model of agency for each issue.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.Jaeger","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-14DOI: 10.5898/JHRI.5.3.HARTZOG
Woodrow Hartzog
Consumer robots like personal digital assistants, automated cars, robot companions, chore-bots, and personal drones raise common consumer protection issues, such as fraud, privacy, data security, and risks to health, physical safety, and finances. They also raise new consumer protection issues, or at least call into question how existing consumer protection regimes might be applied to such emerging technologies. Yet it is unclear which legal regimes should govern these robots and what consumer protection rules for robots should look like. This paper argues that the FTC's grant of authority and existing jurisprudence are well-suited for protecting consumers who buy and interact with robots. The FTC has proven to be a capable regulator of communications, organizational procedures, and design, which are the three crucial concepts for safe consumer robots.
{"title":"Et tu, Android?","authors":"Woodrow Hartzog","doi":"10.5898/JHRI.5.3.HARTZOG","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5898/JHRI.5.3.HARTZOG","url":null,"abstract":"Consumer robots like personal digital assistants, automated cars, robot companions, chore-bots, and personal drones raise common consumer protection issues, such as fraud, privacy, data security, and risks to health, physical safety, and finances. They also raise new consumer protection issues, or at least call into question how existing consumer protection regimes might be applied to such emerging technologies. Yet it is unclear which legal regimes should govern these robots and what consumer protection rules for robots should look like. This paper argues that the FTC's grant of authority and existing jurisprudence are well-suited for protecting consumers who buy and interact with robots. The FTC has proven to be a capable regulator of communications, organizational procedures, and design, which are the three crucial concepts for safe consumer robots.","PeriodicalId":92076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human-robot interaction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71218599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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