Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i28039
N. Johnkennedy, Nwaokoro Joakin Chidozie, M. Akram, Nwanguma Eberechi, Azuike Chioma Gladys
The pancreas secretes the hormone insulin, which facilitates the entry of blood glucose into the liver, muscle, and fat cells where it is converted to cellular energy. Indeed, one consumes food to get glucose. When one is fasting or otherwise in need, the liver can also produce glucose. The pancreas produces insulin into the blood when blood glucose levels, also known as blood sugar levels, increase after eating. After then, insulin reduces blood glucose to maintain it within the usual range. When cells in the muscles, fat, and liver do not respond to insulin well and can not utilise glucose from the blood for energy, this condition is known as insulin resistance. The pancreas produces more insulin to make up for the loss. The blood sugar levels rise over time. Obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes are just a few of the issues that are part of the insulin resistance syndrome.
{"title":"INSULIN RESISTANCE FROM A PERSPECTIVE: A REVIEW","authors":"N. Johnkennedy, Nwaokoro Joakin Chidozie, M. Akram, Nwanguma Eberechi, Azuike Chioma Gladys","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i28039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i28039","url":null,"abstract":"The pancreas secretes the hormone insulin, which facilitates the entry of blood glucose into the liver, muscle, and fat cells where it is converted to cellular energy. Indeed, one consumes food to get glucose. When one is fasting or otherwise in need, the liver can also produce glucose. The pancreas produces insulin into the blood when blood glucose levels, also known as blood sugar levels, increase after eating. After then, insulin reduces blood glucose to maintain it within the usual range. When cells in the muscles, fat, and liver do not respond to insulin well and can not utilise glucose from the blood for energy, this condition is known as insulin resistance. The pancreas produces more insulin to make up for the loss. The blood sugar levels rise over time. Obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes are just a few of the issues that are part of the insulin resistance syndrome.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47109358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i28016
T. Ekundayo, B. Igere
There had been a growing global need for biomolecular agents due to its diversity in biotechnological application especially chitosan and its derivatives. Current advances in nano-particulate technologies have also abetted the use of biomolecular-based nano-type delivery and functions of chitosan resulting nano-based chitosan/nanochitosan particle. Although there exist notable advances in the exploration and innovative nanochitosan application, future expansion remains bleary. The current study access the knowledge evolution in nanochitosan research and innovative biotechnological applications via science mapping of previous studies from authors, institutions, countries, collaboration networks, and productivity. Retrieved documents were 5,923 with 13,327 authors, from Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection and timespan of 1990 – 2019 using the search title; (Chitosan and nanoparticle*). Our result reveals an increase in the publication of related documents in fifth yearly order. This notable/significant increase observed in subsequent years was revealed by the Lotka’s model with an annual growth rate of 33.32%; Lotka's model beta=1.927; C=0.286; R2=0.89; p.value=0.05. Corresponding Author's Countries were China 1756 (29.65), India 683 (11.53), Japan 47 (0.79); while country citation are; China (51720), India (17595), Korea (10688), Australia (1679). The last decade reports reveal more publications on nanochitosan studies ranging from 238 publications to greater than 746 publications. Although such increase has revealed global known capabilities, research based and/or application of the nanobased-chitosan, there is need for pertinent exploitation of nanochitosan potentials, documentation, application, progresses and future of related studies. A suggestive continuous application of such progresses on chitosan knowledge-research based documentation/exploration has a part with global future research and biotechnological application.
{"title":"KNOWLEDGE EVOLUTION IN NANOCHITOSAN RESEARCH AND INNOVATIVE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS: A MULTINATIONAL ASSESSMENT FOR NOWCAST AND FUTURE FORECAST","authors":"T. Ekundayo, B. Igere","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i28016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i28016","url":null,"abstract":"There had been a growing global need for biomolecular agents due to its diversity in biotechnological application especially chitosan and its derivatives. Current advances in nano-particulate technologies have also abetted the use of biomolecular-based nano-type delivery and functions of chitosan resulting nano-based chitosan/nanochitosan particle. Although there exist notable advances in the exploration and innovative nanochitosan application, future expansion remains bleary. The current study access the knowledge evolution in nanochitosan research and innovative biotechnological applications via science mapping of previous studies from authors, institutions, countries, collaboration networks, and productivity. Retrieved documents were 5,923 with 13,327 authors, from Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection and timespan of 1990 – 2019 using the search title; (Chitosan and nanoparticle*). Our result reveals an increase in the publication of related documents in fifth yearly order. This notable/significant increase observed in subsequent years was revealed by the Lotka’s model with an annual growth rate of 33.32%; Lotka's model beta=1.927; C=0.286; R2=0.89; p.value=0.05. Corresponding Author's Countries were China 1756 (29.65), India 683 (11.53), Japan 47 (0.79); while country citation are; China (51720), India (17595), Korea (10688), Australia (1679). The last decade reports reveal more publications on nanochitosan studies ranging from 238 publications to greater than 746 publications. Although such increase has revealed global known capabilities, research based and/or application of the nanobased-chitosan, there is need for pertinent exploitation of nanochitosan potentials, documentation, application, progresses and future of related studies. A suggestive continuous application of such progresses on chitosan knowledge-research based documentation/exploration has a part with global future research and biotechnological application.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47669900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i27979
G. Nazarova
The presented article talks about champion and veteran trees located in the northwest of the Republic of Azerbaijan. These trees are very important for the ecological environment in the world. The article examines the significance of the named trees for the ecology of the Sheki-Zagatala, as well as ecological tourism, and offers suggestions for its progress.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF CHAMPION AND VETERAN TREES IN THE ECOTOURISM OF THE NORTH-WESTERN REGION OF AZERBAIJAN","authors":"G. Nazarova","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i27979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i27979","url":null,"abstract":"The presented article talks about champion and veteran trees located in the northwest of the Republic of Azerbaijan. These trees are very important for the ecological environment in the world. The article examines the significance of the named trees for the ecology of the Sheki-Zagatala, as well as ecological tourism, and offers suggestions for its progress.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44808760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17960
U. Devi, G. Odelu, M. Venkateshwarlu, T. Ugandhar
An effective technique for the stimulation of somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from Leaf explants was developed in the sponge gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca (Mill.), which is significant in the field of medicinal botany. Fast-growing, yellowish nodular callus lines containing somatic embryos were established on an initiation medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 3.0 mg/L 2,4-5-T, and 2.0 mg/L NAA, respectively. Somatic embryos were induced directly from cotyledon explants on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium fortified with different concentrations of 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trich On MS medium that was supplemented with 2.0 mg/L2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L TDZ, as well as 3.0 mg/L2,4-D and 2.0 mg/L BAP, embryo growth and good maturation were successfully accomplished. On an MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L TDZ and 2.0 mg/L NAA (-Naphthalene acetic acid), the well-formed embryos germinated into full plantlets and became plantlets. NAA stands for -Naphthalene acetic acid. The plants that had been regenerated were first transplanted into plastic cups and then into pots for maturation. After that, they were moved to soil and developed to maturity with an 80% survival rate, and the tissue culture-reared plants produced viable seeds.
{"title":"SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANTLET FORMATION FROM LEAF EXPLANTS OF SPONGE GOURD (Luffa aegyptiaca (MILL.) A MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANT","authors":"U. Devi, G. Odelu, M. Venkateshwarlu, T. Ugandhar","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17960","url":null,"abstract":"An effective technique for the stimulation of somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from Leaf explants was developed in the sponge gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca (Mill.), which is significant in the field of medicinal botany. Fast-growing, yellowish nodular callus lines containing somatic embryos were established on an initiation medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 3.0 mg/L 2,4-5-T, and 2.0 mg/L NAA, respectively. Somatic embryos were induced directly from cotyledon explants on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium fortified with different concentrations of 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trich On MS medium that was supplemented with 2.0 mg/L2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L TDZ, as well as 3.0 mg/L2,4-D and 2.0 mg/L BAP, embryo growth and good maturation were successfully accomplished. On an MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L TDZ and 2.0 mg/L NAA (-Naphthalene acetic acid), the well-formed embryos germinated into full plantlets and became plantlets. NAA stands for -Naphthalene acetic acid. The plants that had been regenerated were first transplanted into plastic cups and then into pots for maturation. After that, they were moved to soil and developed to maturity with an 80% survival rate, and the tissue culture-reared plants produced viable seeds.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41907920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17944
D. Chilmawati, .. Subandiyono, Tristiana Yuniarti
The availability of natural feed needed in hatchery business is very significant due to the fact that natural feed will help the hatchery process to produce good and hi-quality seeds. Thalassiosira sp. is a type of diatom phytoplankton widely used to feed shrimp larvae. Walne media is a medium commonly used in the process of phytoplankton culture. Nutrient has considerable effect on the biochemical composition of phytoplankton, such as the content of protein, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, and fatty acids. Nitrates and phosphorus contained in water are the main nutrients for phytoplankton to produce chlorophyll. One of the fertilizers which can be used for phytoplankton culture is agricultural fertilizers such as urea and TSP. The aims of this study were (1) to examine the effect of the application of the N/P ratio of urea and TSP in Walne media on the growth pattern and protein content of Thalassiosira sp. diatom cells; and (2) to determine the best value of the N/P ratio of urea and TSP fertilizers in Walne media which provides growth patterns and protein content of diatom cells of Thalassiosira sp. The method used in this research was an experimental method. The experimental method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 designs, each treatment was as follows: applying different N/P ratios of urea and TSP fertilizers in Walne media, i.e. (A) 1:1; (B) 4:1; (C) 8:1; (D) 12:1; and (E) 16:1. The results of this study showed that algae growth increased from 0:0 to 16:0 N:P ratio. The growth of diatoms with the highest density occurred in treatments A and B with cell densities of 2.255×106 to 2.256×106 cells/ml compared to the other N:P ratios. It can be concluded the 1:1 N/P ratio of urea and TSP fertilizers in Walne media had a significant effect on growth patterns and protein content of diatom cells of Thalassiosira sp.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF N/P RATIO OF UREA AND TSP FERTILIZERS IN WALNE MEDIA ON THE GROWTH PATTERN OF AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF Thalassiosira Sp. DIATOM CELLS","authors":"D. Chilmawati, .. Subandiyono, Tristiana Yuniarti","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17944","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of natural feed needed in hatchery business is very significant due to the fact that natural feed will help the hatchery process to produce good and hi-quality seeds. Thalassiosira sp. is a type of diatom phytoplankton widely used to feed shrimp larvae. Walne media is a medium commonly used in the process of phytoplankton culture. Nutrient has considerable effect on the biochemical composition of phytoplankton, such as the content of protein, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, and fatty acids. Nitrates and phosphorus contained in water are the main nutrients for phytoplankton to produce chlorophyll. One of the fertilizers which can be used for phytoplankton culture is agricultural fertilizers such as urea and TSP. The aims of this study were (1) to examine the effect of the application of the N/P ratio of urea and TSP in Walne media on the growth pattern and protein content of Thalassiosira sp. diatom cells; and (2) to determine the best value of the N/P ratio of urea and TSP fertilizers in Walne media which provides growth patterns and protein content of diatom cells of Thalassiosira sp. The method used in this research was an experimental method. The experimental method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 designs, each treatment was as follows: applying different N/P ratios of urea and TSP fertilizers in Walne media, i.e. (A) 1:1; (B) 4:1; (C) 8:1; (D) 12:1; and (E) 16:1. The results of this study showed that algae growth increased from 0:0 to 16:0 N:P ratio. The growth of diatoms with the highest density occurred in treatments A and B with cell densities of 2.255×106 to 2.256×106 cells/ml compared to the other N:P ratios. It can be concluded the 1:1 N/P ratio of urea and TSP fertilizers in Walne media had a significant effect on growth patterns and protein content of diatom cells of Thalassiosira sp.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49254187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17902
Luis Miguel García Cruz, Iván Antonio García Montalvo, Berenice Fernández Rojas, Itandehui Gallegos Velasco, Pedro Antonio Hernández Cruz
Altered glycosylation is a characteristic of cancer cells, where the overexpression of truncated antigens such as the Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) antigen (Galβ1, 3GalNAcα1, O-Ser / Thr) The TF antigen is specifically recognized by the Amaranthus leucocarpus (ALL). The MCF-7 breast cancer cell line maintains characteristics similar to differentiated mammary epithelial cells. It has been linked to stimulation of breast cancer cells with lipopolysaccharide, with a higher risk of metastasis in this type of cancer. In this work the expression of TF antigen and moesin in MCF-7 stimulated with LPS at concentration of 20 ng / ml cells was determined, by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. MCF-7 cells express 45% of TF antigen without stimulus with LPS, the expression of the TF antigen decreases with the time of LPS stimulation. Moesin expression increases with LPS stimulation time. A double-positive MCF-7 population for moesin and a TF-antigen of 6.34% were identified by cytometry at 6 hours of LPS stimulation, compared to cells with no stimulus, whose double positivity was 2.86%. Our results suggests that moesin could be Amaranthus leucocarpus receptor in MCF-7 cells.
{"title":"EXPRESSION OF ANTIGEN THOMSEN–FRIEDENREICH RECOGNIZED BY Amaranthus leucocarpus LECTIN IN MCF CELLS STIMULATED WITH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE","authors":"Luis Miguel García Cruz, Iván Antonio García Montalvo, Berenice Fernández Rojas, Itandehui Gallegos Velasco, Pedro Antonio Hernández Cruz","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17902","url":null,"abstract":"Altered glycosylation is a characteristic of cancer cells, where the overexpression of truncated antigens such as the Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) antigen (Galβ1, 3GalNAcα1, O-Ser / Thr) The TF antigen is specifically recognized by the Amaranthus leucocarpus (ALL). The MCF-7 breast cancer cell line maintains characteristics similar to differentiated mammary epithelial cells. It has been linked to stimulation of breast cancer cells with lipopolysaccharide, with a higher risk of metastasis in this type of cancer. In this work the expression of TF antigen and moesin in MCF-7 stimulated with LPS at concentration of 20 ng / ml cells was determined, by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. MCF-7 cells express 45% of TF antigen without stimulus with LPS, the expression of the TF antigen decreases with the time of LPS stimulation. Moesin expression increases with LPS stimulation time. A double-positive MCF-7 population for moesin and a TF-antigen of 6.34% were identified by cytometry at 6 hours of LPS stimulation, compared to cells with no stimulus, whose double positivity was 2.86%. Our results suggests that moesin could be Amaranthus leucocarpus receptor in MCF-7 cells.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43596513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-19DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17686
Rajalaxmi Sahoo, V. Sivaram, M. Anusha
Propolis is well-known for its favourable biological properties, which are widely employed in the treatment of a variety of disorders. It is high in chemical components that are dependent on the sort of plant that bees may access. The chemical makeup of an Indian Propolis sample was investigated using GCMS, and 22 chemicals were discovered. The MTT assay was used to test the ethanol extract of Propolis against leukaemia and lung cancer cell lines in vitro. The propolis extract was incubated with cancer cell lines for 24 hours, cytotoxicity was assessed using a colorimetric method, and the IC50 value was obtained. The findings showed that the propolis extract tested had substantial cytotoxic action. The conclusion is that Indian Propolis has potential. The Indian Propolis was shown to be a possible natural source of chemopreventive agent. The chemical makeup of Indian Propolis suggests that it could be a viable source of novel bioactive chemicals, but the molecules responsible for biological activity must be identified.
{"title":"EFFECT OF SOLVENTS ON PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING BY GC-Ms ANALYSIS AND In vitro CYTOTOXICITY OF BEE PROPOLIS AGAINST LEUKEMIA AND LUNG CANCER CELL LINES","authors":"Rajalaxmi Sahoo, V. Sivaram, M. Anusha","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17686","url":null,"abstract":"Propolis is well-known for its favourable biological properties, which are widely employed in the treatment of a variety of disorders. It is high in chemical components that are dependent on the sort of plant that bees may access. The chemical makeup of an Indian Propolis sample was investigated using GCMS, and 22 chemicals were discovered. The MTT assay was used to test the ethanol extract of Propolis against leukaemia and lung cancer cell lines in vitro. The propolis extract was incubated with cancer cell lines for 24 hours, cytotoxicity was assessed using a colorimetric method, and the IC50 value was obtained. The findings showed that the propolis extract tested had substantial cytotoxic action. The conclusion is that Indian Propolis has potential. The Indian Propolis was shown to be a possible natural source of chemopreventive agent. The chemical makeup of Indian Propolis suggests that it could be a viable source of novel bioactive chemicals, but the molecules responsible for biological activity must be identified.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41712601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17507
Poornima Sharma
Dogs harbor and transmit various zoonotic diseases, fungal dermatitis being most prevalent. Animals, especially dogs, being integral pivot of human society need to be analyzed more closely in terms of their social and biological effects on human life. The purpose of this study was to understand the scenario of fungal agents related to dermal infections in dogs from twenty-one locations of Jabalpur (India). In addition, the dog population characteristics including their health status and interaction with human were also evaluated. In year 2017, 1576 dogs and in year 2018, 1740 dogs were surveyed for this purpose. Majority of ailments observed were dermal diseases. It was found that frequency of dermatitis cases was highest (ca.80% in year 2017-2018) among contagious aliments and directly proportional to the density of dogs. Fungi were isolated from hair and scale samples from lesion periphery. Fungi, causing ailments ranging from mild local allergies to contagious cutaneous diseases, were isolated on Dermatophye Test Medium and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium. Non- dermatophytic moulds (44.6%) were isolated more frequently than dermatophytes (33.9%). Yeast forms (21.4%) were at third position in frequency of isolation. Aspergillus species (36%) were most frequent non- dermatophyte. Trichophyton species (68.4%) were the most frequently isolated dermatophyte; whereas, Malassezia species (50%) were prominent yeast forms. 47.5% of all isolates were positive for hair perforation test and 70.5% were positive for urease production test; whereas, 3.3% of isolates showed variable results for urease production test. In present research, position of stray dogs in human society in terms of animal welfare and ethical treatment has also been addressed.
{"title":"HEALTH STATUS OF STRAY DOGS IN HUMAN SOCIETY, THEIR POTENTIAL TO HARBOR VARIOUS FUNGAL PATHOGENS AND CALL FOR HUMANE METHOD OF MANAGEMENT","authors":"Poornima Sharma","doi":"10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2022/v14i17507","url":null,"abstract":"Dogs harbor and transmit various zoonotic diseases, fungal dermatitis being most prevalent. Animals, especially dogs, being integral pivot of human society need to be analyzed more closely in terms of their social and biological effects on human life. The purpose of this study was to understand the scenario of fungal agents related to dermal infections in dogs from twenty-one locations of Jabalpur (India). In addition, the dog population characteristics including their health status and interaction with human were also evaluated. In year 2017, 1576 dogs and in year 2018, 1740 dogs were surveyed for this purpose. Majority of ailments observed were dermal diseases. It was found that frequency of dermatitis cases was highest (ca.80% in year 2017-2018) among contagious aliments and directly proportional to the density of dogs. Fungi were isolated from hair and scale samples from lesion periphery. Fungi, causing ailments ranging from mild local allergies to contagious cutaneous diseases, were isolated on Dermatophye Test Medium and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium. Non- dermatophytic moulds (44.6%) were isolated more frequently than dermatophytes (33.9%). Yeast forms (21.4%) were at third position in frequency of isolation. Aspergillus species (36%) were most frequent non- dermatophyte. Trichophyton species (68.4%) were the most frequently isolated dermatophyte; whereas, Malassezia species (50%) were prominent yeast forms. 47.5% of all isolates were positive for hair perforation test and 70.5% were positive for urease production test; whereas, 3.3% of isolates showed variable results for urease production test. In present research, position of stray dogs in human society in terms of animal welfare and ethical treatment has also been addressed.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long-chain N-fatty acylglycines, R-CO-NH-CH2-COOH (where "R" refers to an unsaturated or saturated alkyl chain of at least 14 carbons) are found in mammals and insects and are structurally related to the cell-signaling, lipid-like, N-fatty acylethanolamines, R-CO-NH-CH2-CH2-OH (where "R" refers to an alkyl chain of at least 14 carbons). Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the N-fatty acylglycines have important cellular functions, but much work remains in order to fully appreciate and understand these biomolecules including: (a) more work on their functions in vivo, (b) measuring their concentrations in the cell, (c) defining the pathways for the biosynthesis and degradation, and (d) understanding the metabolic interconversion(s) between the N-fatty acylglycines and other fatty acid amides. The purpose of reviewing the current state-of-knowledge about the N-fatty acylglycines is to stimulate future research about this intriguing family of biomolecules.
{"title":"<i>N</i>-FATTY ACYLGLYCINES: UNDERAPPRECIATED ENDOCANNABINOID-LIKE FATTY ACID AMIDES?","authors":"Ryan L Anderson, David J Merkler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-chain <i>N</i>-fatty acylglycines, R-CO-NH-CH<sub>2</sub>-COOH (where \"R\" refers to an unsaturated or saturated alkyl chain of at least 14 carbons) are found in mammals and insects and are structurally related to the cell-signaling, lipid-like, <i>N</i>-fatty acylethanolamines, R-CO-NH-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH (where \"R\" refers to an alkyl chain of at least 14 carbons). Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the <i>N</i>-fatty acylglycines have important cellular functions, but much work remains in order to fully appreciate and understand these biomolecules including: (<i>a</i>) more work on their functions <i>in vivo</i>, (<i>b</i>) measuring their concentrations in the cell, (<i>c)</i> defining the pathways for the biosynthesis and degradation, and (<i>d</i>) understanding the metabolic interconversion(s) between the <i>N</i>-fatty acylglycines and other fatty acid amides. The purpose of reviewing the current state-of-knowledge about the <i>N</i>-fatty acylglycines is to stimulate future research about this intriguing family of biomolecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5878051/pdf/nihms953130.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35967366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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