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Recent advances in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis: a narrative review igg4相关自身免疫性胰腺炎的诊断、治疗和预后研究进展
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000112
Xin-Tian He, B. Sun, Y. Nie, Wen Zhang
Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), also known as “type 1 AIP,” is a rare, chronic, and fibroinflammatory disease manifested as obstructive jaundice and enlargement of the pancreas, usually accompanied by extra-pancreatic organ involvement. The understanding of IgG4-related AIP is gradually deepening. In this review, we summarized the basic concepts, common clinical manifestations, and new progress of the disease including diagnostic, therapeutic strategies, and prognosis mainly based on published case reports, cohort studies, meta-analyses, and guidelines in the past 5 years. Issues such as diagnostic markers, risk factors for relapse, and more effective treatment still need to be further studied.
免疫球蛋白G4 (IgG4)相关自身免疫性胰腺炎(AIP),也称为“1型AIP”,是一种罕见的慢性纤维炎性疾病,表现为梗阻性黄疸和胰腺肿大,通常伴有胰腺外器官受累。对igg4相关AIP的认识正在逐步加深。在本文中,我们主要根据近5年来发表的病例报告、队列研究、荟萃分析和指南,对本病的基本概念、常见临床表现以及诊断、治疗策略和预后等方面的新进展进行综述。诸如诊断标记物、复发危险因素和更有效的治疗等问题仍需进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma holds unique features to form an immunosuppressive microenvironment: a narrative review 胰腺导管腺癌具有形成免疫抑制微环境的独特特征:叙述回顾
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000109
Qiang Zhou, Dan Chen, Junfeng Zhang, Jifeng Xiang, Tao Zhang, Huaizhi Wang, Yanyan Zhang
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type and composes about 90% of pancreatic cancer featured with high intra-tumoral heterogeneity and poor prognosis, which has been considered the least immunogenic cancer for decades. However, this characterization might be over-simplistic, and more sophisticated approaches are needed to develop effective treatment strategies. In this review, we aim to summarize studies involving PDAC immunity in different aspects to provide a multidimensional recognition and comprehensively understanding of the mechanisms underlying the tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC. A database search of peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2003 and 2022 in PubMed and the Web of Science was performed. Original articles and review articles relevant to the topic were selected. We emphasized the importance of investigating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in pancreatic cancer, especially focusing on CD8+ T cells, along with indicating potential therapeutic strategies to turn the immune-cold PDACs into the immune-hot ones.
胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是最常见的类型,约占癌症的90%,肿瘤内异质性高,预后差,几十年来一直被认为是免疫原性最低的癌症。然而,这种表征可能过于简单,需要更复杂的方法来制定有效的治疗策略。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结不同方面涉及PDAC免疫的研究,以提供对PDAC肿瘤微环境(TME)潜在机制的多维认识和全面理解。对2003年至2022年间发表在PubMed和Web of Science上的英文同行评审文章进行了数据库搜索。选择了与该主题相关的原创文章和评论文章。我们强调了研究胰腺癌症中肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(TIL)的重要性,特别是关注CD8+T细胞,并指出了将免疫冷PDAC转化为免疫热PDAC的潜在治疗策略。
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引用次数: 2
Learning robotic distal pancreatectomy – The force awakens 学习机器人远端胰腺切除术-力量觉醒
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/jp9.0000000000000099
P. Müller, B. Müller-Stich, T. Hackert, F. Nickel
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引用次数: 1
GSDME with a moonlighting function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a narrative review GSDME在胰腺导管腺癌中具有兼职功能:一篇叙述性综述
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000104
Bo-Nian Huang
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) originates in the exocrine pancreas and accounts for 95% of pancreatic cancers, with 5-year survival rates of approximately 10%. Multiple factors are involved in PDAC pathogenesis, including internal genetic alterations and external inflammation-related stimuli. Overflow of exocrine pancreatic enzymes caused by PDAC obstruction inevitably results in autolysis of surrounding normal cells and extracellular matrix, generating tissue damage-related inflammation; however, this process does not cause autolysis of PDAC cells. How tumor cells acquire resistance to pancreatic enzymatic digestion has been ignored for a long time. In this review, we discuss how PDAC cells mobilize gasdermin E, a pore-forming protein, to achieve resistance to autolysis by pancreatic digestive enzymes.
胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)起源于外分泌胰腺,占胰腺癌的95%,5年生存率约为10%。PDAC的发病机制涉及多种因素,包括内部基因改变和外部炎症相关刺激。PDAC梗阻引起的胰腺外分泌酶溢出不可避免地导致周围正常细胞和细胞外基质自溶,产生组织损伤相关炎症;然而,该过程不会引起PDAC细胞的自溶。长期以来,肿瘤细胞如何获得对胰腺酶消化的抗性一直被忽视。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了PDAC细胞如何动员气孔形成蛋白gasdermin E,以实现对胰腺消化酶自溶的抵抗。
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引用次数: 0
Artery encasement on preoperative CT scan does not preclude radical surgery: a case report utilizing sub-adventitial divestment for artery-involving pancreatic cancer. 术前CT扫描显示的动脉包膜不排除根治性手术:一例使用亚外动脉剥离治疗动脉累及胰腺癌的病例报告。
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/jp9.0000000000000100
B. Cai, Zipeng Lu, Y. Miao
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引用次数: 0
Timing, approach, and treatment strategies for infected pancreatic necrosis: a narrative review 感染性胰腺坏死的时机、方法和治疗策略:叙述性综述
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000105
F. Cao, W. Mei, Fei Li
ancreatic necrosis occurs in approximately 15% to 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP); 1/3 of patients are diagnosed with infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN), which has a mortality rate of 30%. It is the chief reason for the second “death peak” of AP patients in the later stage of the disease. [1] As one of the most vital treatment methods for IPN, pancreatic necrosectomy has developed rapidly in the past 30 years, including improvements and breakthroughs in surgical timing, approach, and strategies, and a significant reduction in postoperative mortality from the initial 30% to 40%. In particular, with the innovation of laparoscopic and endoscopic tech- niques, pancreatic surgeons have more choices in the face of IPN. Currently, how to optimize treatment and maximize the benefits for IPN patients has become a topic of great concern and controversy in the treatment of IPN.
胰腺坏死发生在约15%至20%的急性胰腺炎(AP)患者中;1/3的患者被诊断为感染性胰腺坏死(IPN),其死亡率为30%。这是AP患者在疾病后期出现第二个“死亡高峰”的主要原因。[1] 作为IPN最重要的治疗方法之一,胰腺坏死切除术在过去30年中发展迅速,包括手术时机、方法和策略的改进和突破,术后死亡率从最初的30%显著降低到40%。特别是,随着腹腔镜和内窥镜技术的创新,胰腺外科医生在IPN面前有了更多的选择。目前,如何为IPN患者优化治疗,实现效益最大化,已成为IPN治疗中备受关注和争议的话题。
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引用次数: 0
Exosome-mediated cell–cell communication within pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment: a narrative review 胰腺癌症肿瘤微环境中外源介导的细胞-细胞通讯:叙述性综述
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000108
Cheng Qin, Bangbo Zhao, Yuanyang Wang, Tianhao Li, Zeru Li, Tianyu Li, Yutong Zhao, Weibin Wang
The significance of exosomes has emerged in a variety of physiological processes and diseases. Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases at present. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that exosomes are vital for mediating the elaborate interaction of highly heterogeneous cell clusters within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, contributing to activating pancreatic stellate cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, compromising immune cells, and enhancing angiogenesis. Besides their natural and intrinsic roles, exosomes may provide a novel potential way for pancreatic cancer management and therapy as well. Thus, exosomes not only mediate cellular communication during pancreatic cancer progression but also serve as a promising player in precise pancreatic cancer management and treatment. To comprehensively summarize the role of exosomes in pancreatic cancer, we searched the PubMed database and reviewed all relevant original studies.
外泌体的意义已经在各种生理过程和疾病中显现出来。胰腺癌仍然是目前最致命的疾病之一。最近,越来越多的证据表明,外泌体对于介导胰腺肿瘤微环境中高度异质细胞团的复杂相互作用至关重要,有助于激活胰腺星状细胞和癌症相关成纤维细胞,损害免疫细胞,并促进血管生成。外泌体除了具有天然和内在的作用外,还可能为胰腺癌的管理和治疗提供一种新的潜在途径。因此,外泌体不仅在胰腺癌进展过程中介导细胞通讯,而且在胰腺癌的精确管理和治疗中发挥着重要作用。为了全面总结外泌体在胰腺癌中的作用,我们检索了PubMed数据库并回顾了所有相关的原始研究。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical application of 3D reconstruction in pancreatic surgery: a narrative review 三维重建在胰腺外科的临床应用综述
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000107
Yiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Yang, Shu-jie Chen, Jianbing Ji, Huiting Ge, Heguang Huang
Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field. As an important technological advancement, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction transforms traditional two-dimensional images into 3D images that are more consistent with the physiological habits of human eyes. It has been applied to the bones, heart, liver, and maxillofacial area, promoting the progress of medical technology and surgeons. This article introduces the progress of 3D reconstruction technology in the clinical application of pancreatic surgery, from the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative perspectives, as well as the education of young surgeons. It also puts forward new ideas for the further development of pancreatic surgery.
医学的进步不仅需要医学领域的创新和发展,还需要将其他领域的技术融入医学领域。作为一项重要的技术进步,三维重建将传统的二维图像转化为更符合人眼生理习惯的三维图像。它已被应用于骨骼、心脏、肝脏和颌面部,促进了医学技术和外科医生的进步。本文从术前、术中、术后三个方面介绍了三维重建技术在胰腺外科临床应用中的进展,以及对年轻外科医生的教育。也为胰腺外科的进一步发展提出了新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis: challenges and interventions—a narrative review 急性坏死性胰腺炎:挑战与干预——叙述性综述
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000103
Yongde Luo, Le Li, R. Kong, Y. Sui, Bei Sun
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a complicated disease with rising incidence over the years. Twenty percent of AP will develop into acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Interventions for ANP have evolved from traditional open surgery to minimally invasive step-up approaches. Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is the most serious event of ANP and associated with extremely poor prognosis. The contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)-based classification of IPN describes various types of IPN and will help to carry out surgical interventions for each subtype. Nevertheless, many challenges are still remaining during the treatment of ANP. Including the balance between endoscopic and surgical approaches, and the selection of optimal timing of surgical intervention for infected necrosis. In nowadays treatment scenario of ANP, the necessity for open surgery remains to be debated. Despite of the development of advanced interventional techniques, postoperative residual infection (PRI) remains thorny, and effective prevention and treatment of PRI is of significance.
急性胰腺炎(AP)是一种复杂的疾病,近年来发病率不断上升。20%的AP会发展为急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)。ANP的干预措施已经从传统的开放手术发展到微创强化方法。感染性胰腺坏死(IPN)是ANP最严重的事件,预后极差。基于对比增强计算机断层扫描(CECT)的IPN分类描述了各种类型的IPN,并将有助于对每种亚型进行手术干预。然而,在ANP的治疗过程中仍然存在许多挑战。包括内窥镜和手术入路之间的平衡,以及感染性坏死手术干预的最佳时机选择。在目前ANP的治疗方案中,开放性手术的必要性仍然存在争议。尽管介入技术越来越先进,但术后残留感染(PRI)仍然是一个棘手的问题,有效预防和治疗PRI具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of antagonist peptides and chelators on the diagnostic performance of PET/CT using gallium-68–labeled somatostatin receptor antagonists 拮抗肽和螯合剂对使用镓-68标记生长抑素受体拮抗剂的PET/CT诊断性能的影响
Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000101
Haiqun Xing, Wenjia Zhu, Yue-juan Cheng, Qiao Yang, R. Jia, Hongguang Zhao, C. Bai, Li Huo, Wenming Wu
Objective: Different SSTR2 antagonists have been developed. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different peptides and chelators on the diagnostic performance of SSTR2 antagonists in well-differentiated NETs. Methods: In this prospective study, participants were equally randomized into 2 arms: arm A, participants would undergo a whole-body 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 PET/CT scan on the first day and 68Ga-DOTA-LM3 PET/CT scan on the second day; arm B, participants would undergo a whole-body 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 PET/CT scan on the first day and 68Ga-NODAGA-JR11 PET/CT scan on the second day. Biodistribution in normal organs, lesion detection ability, and tumor uptakes were compared within each arm. Results: A total of 40 participants (age, 49.5 ± 13.4, 21 men), 20 in each arm, were recruited in the study. In arm A, 68Ga-DOTA-LM3 showed lower background. However, the lesion detection ability (overall lesion detected, 445 vs 548; P = .005) and the lesion uptake (overall lesions SUVmax, 19.8 ± 17.2 vs 35.3 ± 28.8; P < .001) was significantly lower than those of 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3. In arm B, both 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 and 68Ga-NODAGA-JR11 showed similar biodistribution and lesion uptake (SUVmax, 28.5 ± 23.8 vs 25.0 ± 20.0; P < .001) despite minor differences. The lesion detection ability was the same between these 2 tracers (overall lesion detected, 503 vs 503). Conclusions: The diagnostic performance of SSTR2 antagonists was sensitive to chelators. Both 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 and 68Ga-NODAGA-JR11 outperformed 68Ga-DOTA-LM3 with higher lesion uptake and detection ability, of which 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 had marginally but significantly higher lesion uptake.
目的:已开发出不同的SSTR2拮抗剂。本研究旨在评估不同肽和螯合剂对SSTR2拮抗剂在高分化NETs中诊断性能的影响。方法:在这项前瞻性研究中,参与者被平均随机分为两组:A组,参与者将在第一天接受全身68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 PET/CT扫描,第二天接受68Ga-DOTA-LM3 PET/CT扫查;臂B,参与者将在第一天接受全身68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 PET/CT扫描,并在第二天接受68Ga-NOD AGA-JR11 PET/CT扫查。在每只手臂内比较正常器官中的生物分布、病变检测能力和肿瘤摄取量。结果:共有40名参与者(年龄49.5岁) ± 13.4,21名男性),每只手臂20名。在臂A中,68Ga-DOTA-LM3显示出较低的背景。然而,病变检测能力(检测到的总病变,445 vs 548;P=0.005)和病变摄取(总病变SUVmax,19.8 ± 17.2对35.3 ± 28.8;P<0.001)显著低于68Ga-NODAGA-LM3。在B组中,68Ga-NODAGA-LM3和68Ga-NOD AGA-JR11均显示出相似的生物分布和病变摄取(SUVmax,28.5 ± 23.8对25.0 ± 20.0;P<0.001)。这两种示踪剂的病变检测能力相同(检测到的总病变为503 vs 503)。结论:SSTR2拮抗剂的诊断性能对螯合剂敏感。68Ga-NODAGA-LM3和68Ga-NOD AGA-JR11均优于68Ga-DOTA-LM3,具有更高的病变摄取和检测能力,其中68Ga-NODAGA-LM三具有略微但显著更高的损伤摄取。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of pancreatology
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