{"title":"Polyurethane handbook Edited by G. Oertel, Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1985. pp. 629, price E104.70. ISBN 3‐446‐13671‐1","authors":"E. White","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180626","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83084291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Weathering of polymers. By A. Davies and D. Sims, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, 1983. pp. x+294, price £38.00. ISBN 0‐85334‐226‐1","authors":"T. J. Henman","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88165888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The chemistry of solid wood. Edited by R. M. Rowell, ACS Advances in Chemistry Series No. 207, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1984. pp. x + 614, price $79.95 (USA & Canada), $95.95 (rest of world). ISBN 0‐8412‐0796‐8","authors":"C. Finch","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180524","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74195881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with the modelling of the hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and phenyl acetic acid (PAA) in a small pilot plant batch recirculated reactor by an immobilised penicillin amidase preparation. By using the following linearised form for an integrated Michaelis-Menten equation Et/V0X=α+β| In (1-X)/X| where α and β are reaction kinetic parameters, good correlations are obtained of α and β with linear velocity across the reactor, substrate concentration and temperature of operation. A process to determine α and β from initial velocity measurements is outlined. The applicability of the above equation to published data is also analysed.
本文用固定化青霉素酰胺酶制剂在小型中试装置间歇式循环反应器中对青霉素水解成6-氨基青霉素酸(6-APA)和苯基乙酸(PAA)进行了模拟。利用以下线性化形式的综合Michaelis-Menten方程Et/V0X=α+β| In (1-X)/X|，其中α和β是反应动力学参数，得到了α和β与反应器上的线速度、底物浓度和操作温度的良好相关性。概述了从初速度测量中确定α和β的过程。本文还分析了上述方程对已发表数据的适用性。
{"title":"Modelling of the Hydrolysis of Benzylpenicillin to 6‐Aminopenicillanic Acid and Phenyl Acetic Acid by an Immobilised Penicillin Amidase in a Small Pilot Plant Batch Recirculated Reactor","authors":"J. P. Cardoso, M. Costa","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180509","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the modelling of the hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and phenyl acetic acid (PAA) in a small pilot plant batch recirculated reactor by an immobilised penicillin amidase preparation. By using the following linearised form for an integrated Michaelis-Menten equation Et/V0X=α+β| In (1-X)/X| where α and β are reaction kinetic parameters, good correlations are obtained of α and β with linear velocity across the reactor, substrate concentration and temperature of operation. A process to determine α and β from initial velocity measurements is outlined. The applicability of the above equation to published data is also analysed.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86889072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Materials science of synthetic membranes. Edited by D. R. Lloyd, ACS Symposium Series, No. 269, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1985. pp. ix+494, price $79.95 (USA & Canada), $95.95 (rest of world). ISBN 0-8412-0887-5","authors":"J. A. Barrie","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86686906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is concerned with the development of a model to plan a strategy for an enzymatic batch process whereby the enzyme is subjected to deactivation as described by the exponential (first-order) decay model. The particular system used was the enzymatic hydrolysis of penicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid, but the model can be utilised with other batch systems, provided that decay of the immobilised enzyme preparation is described by the exponential decay model. The model developed is eminently practical and simple, and several examples of its application are given. Experimental data obtained in a small pilot plant batch recirculated reactor could, on average, be well fitted by this model.
{"title":"Use of the Exponential Model of Enzyme Decay to Plan a Strategy for Enzymatic Batch Reactions and to Assess the Industrial Applicability of Immobilised Enzyme Preparations","authors":"J. P. Cardoso","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180510","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the development of a model to plan a strategy for an enzymatic batch process whereby the enzyme is subjected to deactivation as described by the exponential (first-order) decay model. The particular system used was the enzymatic hydrolysis of penicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid, but the model can be utilised with other batch systems, provided that decay of the immobilised enzyme preparation is described by the exponential decay model. The model developed is eminently practical and simple, and several examples of its application are given. Experimental data obtained in a small pilot plant batch recirculated reactor could, on average, be well fitted by this model.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83937781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effects of crosslink enhancement by the presence of acetylene during gamma irradiation, on the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene film are reported. Gel contents show that crosslink enhancement is considerably greater if the sample is highly annealed (PPA) than if it is quenched (PPQ). For PPA, thermal analysis suggests only minor damage to the crystalline lamellae, but significant stabilisation of lamellae by crosslink formation in the lamellar surface regions. This is supported by an increased resistance to the yielding process observed in tensile stress/strain and creep tests. The effects in PPQ is less.
{"title":"Crosslink Enhancement in Polypropylene Film by Gamma Irradiation in the Presence of Acetylene","authors":"W. Busfield, R. Appleby","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180511","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of crosslink enhancement by the presence of acetylene during gamma irradiation, on the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene film are reported. Gel contents show that crosslink enhancement is considerably greater if the sample is highly annealed (PPA) than if it is quenched (PPQ). For PPA, thermal analysis suggests only minor damage to the crystalline lamellae, but significant stabilisation of lamellae by crosslink formation in the lamellar surface regions. This is supported by an increased resistance to the yielding process observed in tensile stress/strain and creep tests. The effects in PPQ is less.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75317965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reaction injection molding: Polymer chemistry and engineering. Edited by J. E. Kresta, ACS Symposium Series No. 279, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1985. pp. ix+302, price $59.95 (USA and Canada), $71.95 (rest of world). ISBN 0‐8412‐0888‐3","authors":"R. Stepto","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180521","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78856640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John R. Jones, Carlo Poncipe, J. M. Barton, W. W. Wright
The reaction between phenylglycidyl ether and a number of substituted imidazoles has been investigated using a combination of tritium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and radio-high performance liquid chromatography, two methods that have not been used previously in this area. For more volatile catalysts such as aromatic amines radio-gas chromatography can be employed to good effect.
{"title":"Application of new radiochemical methods to the study of the cure of epoxies by various imidazoles","authors":"John R. Jones, Carlo Poncipe, J. M. Barton, W. W. Wright","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180507","url":null,"abstract":"The reaction between phenylglycidyl ether and a number of substituted imidazoles has been investigated using a combination of tritium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and radio-high performance liquid chromatography, two methods that have not been used previously in this area. For more volatile catalysts such as aromatic amines radio-gas chromatography can be employed to good effect.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75437697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samples of urea-formaldehyde resin have been investigated by means of size-exclusion chromatography systems: (A) Zorbax PSM packing with either pure N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) eluant or DMA+0.1 mol dm−3 LiNO3 eluant; (B) Styragel packing with DMA eluant. In addition to separation by size-exclusion, adsorption/partition and hydrodynamic effects were observed. The influence of reaction time and conditions on the production of large soluble aggregates was investigated briefly.
{"title":"Size‐exclusion Chromatography of Urea‐Formaldehyde Resins","authors":"T. Hlaing, A. Gilbert, C. Booth","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180512","url":null,"abstract":"Samples of urea-formaldehyde resin have been investigated by means of size-exclusion chromatography systems: (A) Zorbax PSM packing with either pure N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) eluant or DMA+0.1 mol dm−3 LiNO3 eluant; (B) Styragel packing with DMA eluant. In addition to separation by size-exclusion, adsorption/partition and hydrodynamic effects were observed. The influence of reaction time and conditions on the production of large soluble aggregates was investigated briefly.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87994929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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