Practice difficulties during menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) are major global concerns. So, this review will explore the issues of cultural and social for menstruation and AUB in Nepal. Nearly one-third of menstruating girls and women were facing abnormal menstruation and uterine bleeding worldwide. All religions have negative views and enforce prohibitions on menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding except Sikhism. AUB impacts women's living quality, sexuality, social engagement and participation, mental well-being, access to education and employment prospects, experiences of stigma and shame, as well as economic challenges. Menstruation restrictions are a routed problem in some parts, some religions, and castes, and very few menstruating women use disposable sanitary pads in Nepal. Awareness programs, educational intervention programs, and education on menstrual health help to rule out the causes of AUB, and legal implementation of these should be applied to the effort to overcome the issues.
{"title":"Social and Cultural Issues of Menstruation and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Nepal","authors":"Maheshor Kaphle, Rajesh Karki, Nirmala Regmi, Pragati Poudyel","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.054","url":null,"abstract":"Practice difficulties during menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) are major global concerns. So, this review will explore the issues of cultural and social for menstruation and AUB in Nepal. Nearly one-third of menstruating girls and women were facing abnormal menstruation and uterine bleeding worldwide. All religions have negative views and enforce prohibitions on menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding except Sikhism. AUB impacts women's living quality, sexuality, social engagement and participation, mental well-being, access to education and employment prospects, experiences of stigma and shame, as well as economic challenges. Menstruation restrictions are a routed problem in some parts, some religions, and castes, and very few menstruating women use disposable sanitary pads in Nepal. Awareness programs, educational intervention programs, and education on menstrual health help to rule out the causes of AUB, and legal implementation of these should be applied to the effort to overcome the issues.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.053
S Chhabra, N Anand, K Bhise
Background: In addition to health during pregnancy, labour, post-birth, an optimal state of physical and mental health at the onset of pregnancy is essential for health of women and their babies during pregnancy, birth, and post birth over decades. The concept of preconception health has been old; however it has received little attention until recently. There has now been momentum because of persisting sufferings of women during pregnancy, birth and beyond in spite of best of care during pregnancy. Objective: Present community based study was conducted to know about prepregnancy health, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb), any major illnesses in women of a remote rural region. Material and methods: After the institution’s ethics committee’s approval, community based study was conducted in 100 villages with health facilities in forestry and hilly regions. Total 2400 women of reproductive age, likely to have pregnancy were included randomly, minimum 20 from each village to get information as per objective. Results: Among 2400 women, 22.8% had low BMI, 56.6% normal, 26.6% high BMI, 10% women had <5gm/dl Hb, 20.5% ≥ 5 but <7 gm/dl Hb, 33.7% ≥ 7 but <9 gm/dl Hb, 12% Hb ≥ 9 but <11gm/dl Hb, 23.6% women had Hb ≥ 11gm/dl Hb. Total 12.1% women had hypertension, 8.4% had diabetes, 79.5% had other disorders, mostly anemia. Conclusion: There were 22.8% underweight tribal women with chances of other nutritional deficiencies, 30.54% had severe and 33.75% had moderate anemia, 10% had alarming very severe anemia, real cause of concern. Government health providers need to identify various disorders of prepregnancy which can become dangerous during pregnancy, birth, post birth for both mother and baby. It is also important to address them in later life through various preventive and therapeutic interventions.
{"title":"Community Based Study of Rural Tribal Women’s Prepregnancy Health","authors":"S Chhabra, N Anand, K Bhise","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.053","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In addition to health during pregnancy, labour, post-birth, an optimal state of physical and mental health at the onset of pregnancy is essential for health of women and their babies during pregnancy, birth, and post birth over decades. The concept of preconception health has been old; however it has received little attention until recently. There has now been momentum because of persisting sufferings of women during pregnancy, birth and beyond in spite of best of care during pregnancy. Objective: Present community based study was conducted to know about prepregnancy health, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb), any major illnesses in women of a remote rural region. Material and methods: After the institution’s ethics committee’s approval, community based study was conducted in 100 villages with health facilities in forestry and hilly regions. Total 2400 women of reproductive age, likely to have pregnancy were included randomly, minimum 20 from each village to get information as per objective. Results: Among 2400 women, 22.8% had low BMI, 56.6% normal, 26.6% high BMI, 10% women had <5gm/dl Hb, 20.5% ≥ 5 but <7 gm/dl Hb, 33.7% ≥ 7 but <9 gm/dl Hb, 12% Hb ≥ 9 but <11gm/dl Hb, 23.6% women had Hb ≥ 11gm/dl Hb. Total 12.1% women had hypertension, 8.4% had diabetes, 79.5% had other disorders, mostly anemia. Conclusion: There were 22.8% underweight tribal women with chances of other nutritional deficiencies, 30.54% had severe and 33.75% had moderate anemia, 10% had alarming very severe anemia, real cause of concern. Government health providers need to identify various disorders of prepregnancy which can become dangerous during pregnancy, birth, post birth for both mother and baby. It is also important to address them in later life through various preventive and therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134900963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns are at a higher risk of exposure to infectious diseases during outbreaks compared to other populations. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes, as well as the impact on fetuses and newborns in Kurdistan, Iran. The study will cover the period from February 2020 to January 2021. Methods: We conducted a study in Kurdistan province on 201 pregnant women who were infected with the COVID-19. We gathered relevant information from patients' files using a checklist. We used SPSS software version 21 to calculate the mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables and frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. Results: The study found that patients had various symptoms including fever, cough, diarrhea, and more. 70% of mothers had fever and cough, while 54% had fever, cough, and myalgia. Positive results were found in CT and PCR tests. Some mothers were hospitalized in the ICU, and there were cases of maternal and infant deaths. Apgar scores were taken with most samples having scores of seven or above at one and five minutes after birth. Conclusion: Pregnant women are unlikely to pass COVID-19 to their fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. If infected at the end of pregnancy, both mother and newborn seem to have appropriate health outcomes, but individual differences may occur. Pregnant women have the same risk of contracting COVID-19 as non-pregnant individuals.
{"title":"The Effects of COVID-19 on Pregnancy Outcomes, as well as the Impact on Fetuses and Newborns: Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Nasrin Soufizadeh, Farzaneh Hajizadeh, Fariba Seyedoshohadaei, Siroos Hemmatpour, Shamsi Zare, Ashkan Kamalzadeh","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.049","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns are at a higher risk of exposure to infectious diseases during outbreaks compared to other populations. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes, as well as the impact on fetuses and newborns in Kurdistan, Iran. The study will cover the period from February 2020 to January 2021. Methods: We conducted a study in Kurdistan province on 201 pregnant women who were infected with the COVID-19. We gathered relevant information from patients' files using a checklist. We used SPSS software version 21 to calculate the mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables and frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. Results: The study found that patients had various symptoms including fever, cough, diarrhea, and more. 70% of mothers had fever and cough, while 54% had fever, cough, and myalgia. Positive results were found in CT and PCR tests. Some mothers were hospitalized in the ICU, and there were cases of maternal and infant deaths. Apgar scores were taken with most samples having scores of seven or above at one and five minutes after birth. Conclusion: Pregnant women are unlikely to pass COVID-19 to their fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. If infected at the end of pregnancy, both mother and newborn seem to have appropriate health outcomes, but individual differences may occur. Pregnant women have the same risk of contracting COVID-19 as non-pregnant individuals.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.052
Rabeea F. Omar, Mathieu Leboeuf, Michel G. Bergeron
In this concise communication, we shed some light on the urgent need to support and fund women’s sexual and reproductive health research in the area of STIs/HIV/unintended pregnancy prevention that is largely underserved. We stress the need for developing affordable safe and effective innovative vaginal products under the control of women to protect themselves against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We highlight the importance of complete and homogenous coverage of the vaginal and cervical mucosae of women by the vaginal product for optimal protection, especially against biofilm vaginal infections. Finally, we focus on the necessity of equity for women and the ease of access to such woman-controlled products for the benefit of the whole society.
{"title":"Time to Put Women-Controlled Multipurpose Prevention Technologies for Their Protection in Full Gear","authors":"Rabeea F. Omar, Mathieu Leboeuf, Michel G. Bergeron","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.052","url":null,"abstract":"In this concise communication, we shed some light on the urgent need to support and fund women’s sexual and reproductive health research in the area of STIs/HIV/unintended pregnancy prevention that is largely underserved. We stress the need for developing affordable safe and effective innovative vaginal products under the control of women to protect themselves against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We highlight the importance of complete and homogenous coverage of the vaginal and cervical mucosae of women by the vaginal product for optimal protection, especially against biofilm vaginal infections. Finally, we focus on the necessity of equity for women and the ease of access to such woman-controlled products for the benefit of the whole society.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.050
Rachid Kaddoura, Karim Abdalbari, Mohammad Ayach, Abdul Kader Weiss
Pneumoperitoneum commonly occurs due to perforated viscus, yet a minority of cases can occur due to gynaecological causes, particularly following sexual activities. While not yet established, various hypotheses have been posited to explain the development of a spontaneous pneumoperitoneum after sexual intercourse. We herein present a unique case of a woman with a history of endometriosis and bilateral salpingectomy who presented with sudden abdominal pain that started after sexual activity. Subsequently, an emergent diagnostic laparoscopy was deemed necessary yielding no signs of perforation. However, an endometrial island was identified on the stump of the previous right salpingectomy during the procedure. Finally, the most likely cause of the patient’s spontaneous pneumoperitoneum was determined to be secondary to sexual activity and subsequent air transmission through an opening caused by her endometriosis. In conclusion, this report will showcase the importance of considering gynaecological pathologies as potential causes of spontaneous pneumoperitoneum, particularly following sexual activity. We intend to diminish the stigma associated with using sexual history as a diagnostic tool when faced with ambiguous cases of abdominal pain presentations.
{"title":"Pneumoperitoneum in a Patient with Endometriosis and Bilateral Salpingectomy after Sexual Activity","authors":"Rachid Kaddoura, Karim Abdalbari, Mohammad Ayach, Abdul Kader Weiss","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.050","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumoperitoneum commonly occurs due to perforated viscus, yet a minority of cases can occur due to gynaecological causes, particularly following sexual activities. While not yet established, various hypotheses have been posited to explain the development of a spontaneous pneumoperitoneum after sexual intercourse. We herein present a unique case of a woman with a history of endometriosis and bilateral salpingectomy who presented with sudden abdominal pain that started after sexual activity. Subsequently, an emergent diagnostic laparoscopy was deemed necessary yielding no signs of perforation. However, an endometrial island was identified on the stump of the previous right salpingectomy during the procedure. Finally, the most likely cause of the patient’s spontaneous pneumoperitoneum was determined to be secondary to sexual activity and subsequent air transmission through an opening caused by her endometriosis. In conclusion, this report will showcase the importance of considering gynaecological pathologies as potential causes of spontaneous pneumoperitoneum, particularly following sexual activity. We intend to diminish the stigma associated with using sexual history as a diagnostic tool when faced with ambiguous cases of abdominal pain presentations.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135345989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.051
Aysegul Ucuncu Kefeli, Busra Yaprak Bayrak, Esra Betul Tunce, Cigdem Vural, Halil İbrahim Suyusal, Umut Kefeli, Maksut Gorkem Aksu
Background/Objectives: Few biomarkers are used to predict the prognosis of serous uterine carcinoma (USC). Netrin-1, may be a promising biomarker candidate. Our aim was to investigate netrin-1 expression in USC tissues and analyze its relevance with disease prognosis. Material and Methods: The expression of netrin-1 in 48 USC patients’ tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: The overall netrin-1 positivity rate was 76%, detected as high expression in 17 (35%), and low expression in 19 (40%) of the patients. Patients suffering from tumors with no expression of netrin-1 (n= 15) had a median OS of 60.0 months (95% CI, 47–98), while low to strong expression (n = 33) was associated with lower median OS of 50 months but this was not statistically significant (95% CI, 58–108; p= 0.531). Also, DFS was not statistically significant between groups. We did not find any difference in OS and DFS when age, tumor stage, histology, tumor diameter, lenfovascular invasion (LVSI), myoinvasion and lymph node metastasis were compared according to netrin-1 expression (p>0.05). Conclusion: Netrin-1 was found to be expressed in most USC patients, but its expression was not related to OS and DFS.
{"title":"Netrin-1 Expression in Uterine Serous Carcinoma and Its Association with Prognosis","authors":"Aysegul Ucuncu Kefeli, Busra Yaprak Bayrak, Esra Betul Tunce, Cigdem Vural, Halil İbrahim Suyusal, Umut Kefeli, Maksut Gorkem Aksu","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.051","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: Few biomarkers are used to predict the prognosis of serous uterine carcinoma (USC). Netrin-1, may be a promising biomarker candidate. Our aim was to investigate netrin-1 expression in USC tissues and analyze its relevance with disease prognosis. Material and Methods: The expression of netrin-1 in 48 USC patients’ tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: The overall netrin-1 positivity rate was 76%, detected as high expression in 17 (35%), and low expression in 19 (40%) of the patients. Patients suffering from tumors with no expression of netrin-1 (n= 15) had a median OS of 60.0 months (95% CI, 47–98), while low to strong expression (n = 33) was associated with lower median OS of 50 months but this was not statistically significant (95% CI, 58–108; p= 0.531). Also, DFS was not statistically significant between groups. We did not find any difference in OS and DFS when age, tumor stage, histology, tumor diameter, lenfovascular invasion (LVSI), myoinvasion and lymph node metastasis were compared according to netrin-1 expression (p>0.05). Conclusion: Netrin-1 was found to be expressed in most USC patients, but its expression was not related to OS and DFS.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.048
M. Roper, A. Badeghiesh, H. Baghlaf, M. Dahan
Research Question: How does the risk for adverse obstetric outcomes differ among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and women with Cushing’s syndrome (CUS)? Design: A retrospective population-based study utilizing data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project—Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS), 2004-2014. 14, 881 deliveries to women with PCOS and 134 deliveries to women with CUS were identified. Associations between PCOS, CUS, pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: At baseline, CUS was associated with a higher risk of chronic hypertension (P<0.001), pregestational diabetes mellitus (P=0.01), thyroid disease (P=0.004), and higher rates of smoking during pregnancy (P=0.02) whereas PCOS was associated with higher rates of obesity (P=0.01). In terms of obstetric outcomes, PCOS increased the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (P=0.002, adjusted[a] OR 2.73; 95% CI 1.46 to 5.12), and cesarean section (P<0.001, aOR 2.63; 95% CI 1.81-3.83) in comparison to CUS. CUS increased the prevalence of operative vaginal delivery (P<0.001, aOR 0.10; 95% CI 0.06-0.14), and transfusion (P=0.002, aOR 0.25; 95% CI 0.11-0.59) in comparison to deliveries to women with PCOS. No significant differences were found in terms of pregnancy-induced hypertension (P=0.78), gestational hypertension (P=0.86), preeclampsia (P=0.25), preeclampsia or eclampsia superimposed on pre-existing hypertension (P=0.13). Conclusion: PCOS increases the risk of gestational diabetes and cesarean section relative to CUS, whereas CUS increases the prevalence of operative vaginal delivery and blood transfusions.
{"title":"A Comparison of Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in Women with the Hyperandrogenic Disorders Polycystic Ovary syndrome and Cushing’s Syndrome","authors":"M. Roper, A. Badeghiesh, H. Baghlaf, M. Dahan","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.048","url":null,"abstract":"Research Question: How does the risk for adverse obstetric outcomes differ among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and women with Cushing’s syndrome (CUS)?\u0000\u0000Design: A retrospective population-based study utilizing data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project—Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS), 2004-2014. 14, 881 deliveries to women with PCOS and 134 deliveries to women with CUS were identified. Associations between PCOS, CUS, pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis.\u0000\u0000Results: At baseline, CUS was associated with a higher risk of chronic hypertension (P<0.001), pregestational diabetes mellitus (P=0.01), thyroid disease (P=0.004), and higher rates of smoking during pregnancy (P=0.02) whereas PCOS was associated with higher rates of obesity (P=0.01). In terms of obstetric outcomes, PCOS increased the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (P=0.002, adjusted[a] OR 2.73; 95% CI 1.46 to 5.12), and cesarean section (P<0.001, aOR 2.63; 95% CI 1.81-3.83) in comparison to CUS. CUS increased the prevalence of operative vaginal delivery (P<0.001, aOR 0.10; 95% CI 0.06-0.14), and transfusion (P=0.002, aOR 0.25; 95% CI 0.11-0.59) in comparison to deliveries to women with PCOS. No significant differences were found in terms of pregnancy-induced hypertension (P=0.78), gestational hypertension (P=0.86), preeclampsia (P=0.25), preeclampsia or eclampsia superimposed on pre-existing hypertension (P=0.13).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: PCOS increases the risk of gestational diabetes and cesarean section relative to CUS, whereas CUS increases the prevalence of operative vaginal delivery and blood transfusions.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43761516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trichomonas vaginalis is a common cause of symptomatic vaginitis in women. Trichomoniasis occurs more frequently in people with multiple sexual partners. Women often present with vaginal discharge, painful intercourse, urinary tract infection symptoms, vaginal itching, or pelvic pain. The strawberry cervix is a finding upon physical examination where the cervix has an erythematous, punctate, and papilliform appearance. The strawberry cervix is named because of its superficially similar appearance to a strawberry. As opposed to a more general inflammation of the cervix found in cervicitis, the strawberry cervix appearance is considered to be selectively associated with Trichomoniasis. The clinical image of Trichomonas vaginalis is rarely reported. We present a clinical image of the strawberry cervix in a woman diagnosed to have trichomonas vaginalis.
{"title":"Strawberry Cervix- A Clinical Image of Trichomonas vaginalis: A Case Report","authors":"Mequanint Melesse Bicha, Ayalew Lingerih Arefeayinie","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.046","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomonas vaginalis is a common cause of symptomatic vaginitis in women. Trichomoniasis occurs more frequently in people with multiple sexual partners. Women often present with vaginal discharge, painful intercourse, urinary tract infection symptoms, vaginal itching, or pelvic pain. The strawberry cervix is a finding upon physical examination where the cervix has an erythematous, punctate, and papilliform appearance. The strawberry cervix is named because of its superficially similar appearance to a strawberry. As opposed to a more general inflammation of the cervix found in cervicitis, the strawberry cervix appearance is considered to be selectively associated with Trichomoniasis. The clinical image of Trichomonas vaginalis is rarely reported. We present a clinical image of the strawberry cervix in a woman diagnosed to have trichomonas vaginalis.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44628283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.045
E. Levine, C. Fernandez
Some sexually transmitted infections have posed a particular epidemiologic problem for some communities, in that racial/ethnic disparities have been demonstrated. Syphilis represents a specific example of such an infection, compounding the medical problem further by adding to the serious consequences of its vertical perinatal transmissibility to the neonate, in addition to its sexual, or horizontal, transmission. The recently rising incidence of syphilis in the pregnant woman and the potential for the rising incidence of congenital syphilis should be a cause for global concern. However, what may be concluded as a problem within communities of color, may actually be a problem relating more closely with a socioeconomic disparity. Multiple deliberate measures may be needed to affect its eradication, which is naturally possible, given the longtime availability of the simple curable medical compound of penicillin.
{"title":"Addressing Racial/Ethnic Healthcare Disparities and the Rising Incidence of Syphilis","authors":"E. Levine, C. Fernandez","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.045","url":null,"abstract":"Some sexually transmitted infections have posed a particular epidemiologic problem for some communities, in that racial/ethnic disparities have been demonstrated. Syphilis represents a specific example of such an infection, compounding the medical problem further by adding to the serious consequences of its vertical perinatal transmissibility to the neonate, in addition to its sexual, or horizontal, transmission. The recently rising incidence of syphilis in the pregnant woman and the potential for the rising incidence of congenital syphilis should be a cause for global concern. However, what may be concluded as a problem within communities of color, may actually be a problem relating more closely with a socioeconomic disparity. Multiple deliberate measures may be needed to affect its eradication, which is naturally possible, given the longtime availability of the simple curable medical compound of penicillin.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42123001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.33696/gynaecology.4.044
María Cuaresma-González, Sonia De-Miguel-Manso, Paula Suárez-Mansilla, Marta Ibáñez-Nieto, Esther Ruiz Pérez, Álvaro Sanz Díaz-Heredero
Purpose: To describe the diagnosis and management of enterocele with high risk of bowel ischemia in patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Methods: We describe the clinical case of an 81-year-old patient, hypertensive, obese, anticoagulated because of an atrial fibrillation and pelvic organ prolapse. Initially, conservative treatment was offered due to the high surgical risk, but sometime later the patient came to the emergency department with enterocele and risk of intestinal ischemia. Results: After placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position and applying ice to the perineum, the prolapse is reduced. Subsequently, urgent surgical intervention is performed with a total vaginal hysterectomy, anterior colporrhaphy, Ritcher's operation and colpoperineorrhaphy. This intervention solved the patient's clinical condition and also avoided the small bowel ischemia. Conclusion: The diagnosis of advanced enterocele with risk of intestinal obstruction is a very rare but potentially serious clinical case. The immediate recognition and management are very important because of the risk of vaginal rupture, intestinal necrosis, and also systemic infection.
{"title":"Enterocele with Risk of Intestinal Incarceration: A Case Report","authors":"María Cuaresma-González, Sonia De-Miguel-Manso, Paula Suárez-Mansilla, Marta Ibáñez-Nieto, Esther Ruiz Pérez, Álvaro Sanz Díaz-Heredero","doi":"10.33696/gynaecology.4.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/gynaecology.4.044","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe the diagnosis and management of enterocele with high risk of bowel ischemia in patients with pelvic organ prolapse.\u0000\u0000Methods: We describe the clinical case of an 81-year-old patient, hypertensive, obese, anticoagulated because of an atrial fibrillation and pelvic organ prolapse. Initially, conservative treatment was offered due to the high surgical risk, but sometime later the patient came to the emergency department with enterocele and risk of intestinal ischemia.\u0000\u0000Results: After placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position and applying ice to the perineum, the prolapse is reduced. Subsequently, urgent surgical intervention is performed with a total vaginal hysterectomy, anterior colporrhaphy, Ritcher's operation and colpoperineorrhaphy. This intervention solved the patient's clinical condition and also avoided the small bowel ischemia.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The diagnosis of advanced enterocele with risk of intestinal obstruction is a very rare but potentially serious clinical case. The immediate recognition and management are very important because of the risk of vaginal rupture, intestinal necrosis, and also systemic infection.","PeriodicalId":93076,"journal":{"name":"Archives of obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46773967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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