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Use of wheat dilution to improve digestive function in broilers: application in low protein diets. 使用小麦稀释液改善肉鸡的消化功能:在低蛋白日粮中的应用。
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2291487
M Naeem, E J Burton, D V Scholey, A Alkhtib, S Broadberry

1. This study evaluated the effect of wheat dilution increasing in particle size in low crude protein diets on growth performance, digestive tract, nitrogen efficiency and litter quality in broiler chickens.2. Ross 308 male broiler chicks (n = 336) were allocated to one of four dietary treatments (each with 7 pens, 12 chicks per pen); Control (CON; commercial pellet diet with standard crude protein, CP: 22.50%), W578 (CON +20% wheat of geometric mean diameter (GMD) of 578 µm; CP: 20.25%), W1326 (CON +20% wheat of GMD 1326 µm; CP: 20.25%) and WW (CON +20% whole wheat, CP: 20.25%), from d 0 to 21 of age.3. Body weight gain was increased (P < 0.05) for birds fed CON compared to the low crude protein diets. However, WW increased (P < 0.05) body weight gain compared to W578 and W1326, while feed intake and feed conversion ratio on CON and WW were similar (P > 0.05). Birds fed W1326 showed the poorest (P < 0.05) FCR compared to CON, W578 and WW.4. Gizzard relative weight (g/kg body weight) was increased (P < 0.05) on WW compared to CON on d 14 and 21, whereas gastric isthmus diameter was significantly reduced on W1326 and WW compared with CON and W578.5. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the depth of gizzard mucosa of lamina propria between CON and WW at d 14 and 21. Birds fed WW increased (P < 0.05) gizzard tensile strength compared to W578 and W1326, whereas no difference was observed between WW and CON on d 14.6. No significant differences were seen for ileum villus height and mucosal layer between CON and WW on d 21, however, feeding CON increased the extent of the mucosal layer compared to W578 and W1326.7. Nitrogen excretion (g/kg BWG) was significantly lower (P > 0.05) on W1326 and WW compared with CON and W578. Litter nitrogen, moisture, and footpad scores significantly decreased (P < 0.05) for birds fed WW compared with CON.8. Diluting dietary protein content from 22.50 to 20.25% resulted in lower body weight gain in broilers. However, dilution with whole wheat resulted in comparable FCR, reduced nitrogen excretion, litter moisture and footpad dermatitis compared with a standard protein diet.

1.本研究评估了在低粗蛋白日粮中增加小麦稀释颗粒大小对肉鸡生长性能、消化道、氮效率和粪便质量的影响。将罗斯 308 只雄性肉用仔鸡(n = 336)分配到四种日粮处理之一(每种日粮处理有 7 个栏,每栏 12 只);对照组(CON;标准粗蛋白商用颗粒日粮,CP:22.50%)、W578(CON +20% 几何平均直径 (GMD) 为 578 µm 的小麦;CP:20.25%)、W1326(CON +20% 几何平均直径为 1326 µm 的小麦;CP:20.25%)和 WW(CON +20% 全麦,CP: 20.25%)。体重增加(P P > 0.05)。在第 14 和 21 日龄,饲喂 W1326 的鸟类的胗粘膜固有层深度比饲喂 CON 和 WW 的鸟类最差(P P P > 0.05)。与 CON 和 W578 相比,饲喂 WW 的鸟类在 W1326 和 WW 上的体重增加(P P > 0.05)。粪便中的氮、水分和脚垫得分明显降低(P
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引用次数: 0
Expression of chicken epidermal growth factor (cEGF) in Escherichia coli regulates the microflora structure of the duodenum to improve growth performance and intestinal morphogenesis in broilers. 在大肠杆菌中表达鸡表皮生长因子(cEGF)并调节十二指肠微生物区系结构,以改善肉鸡的生长性能和肠道形态发生。
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308274
C Q Shan, Q C Liu, J Li, E Liu, C Li, H M Yu, G T Jiang, Y Liu, J Tian

1. A study used gene synthesis to obtain the functional domains of chicken epidermal growth factor (cEGF) and examined their impact on broiler growth performance, small intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and the structure of duodenal microflora.2. The pET-32a-cEGF recombinant expression vector was constructed. The specific band at 26 KDa was shown by SDS-PAGE analysis and WB results. The purified protein content was shown to be 1687 μg/ml by assay.3. A total of 180 healthy, one-day-old Arbor Acres male, white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into three dietary treatment groups (six replicate pens, 10 birds per replicate): A control diet (ND); cEGF diet (cEGF), control supplemented with 250 mg/kg cEGF and the control diet (CD) supplemented with 250 mg/kg chlortetracycline.4. The results showed that feeding the cEGF and CD diet reduced FCR of broilers aged 1-21 d, average daily feed intake (ADFI) at 22-42 d, and the FCR in the whole period (1-42 d; p < 0.05). Compared with the ND group, the cEGF diet increased duodenal α-amylase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the 1-21 d, duodenal lipase, alkaline phosphatase, and ileal alkaline phosphatase activities in the post-period and increased villus height in the duodenum and ileum (p < 0.05). In addition, the ACE and Chao1 index for the birds fed cEGF were higher than the ND group (p < 0.05). At the phyla level, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were dominant in all groups. At the genus level, the dominant genus was Lactobacillus. The LEfSe analysis showed that the cEGF group was enriched by 11 species including Brevibacillus, Eisenbergiella, Cloacibacterium, Butyricoccus spp.5. The addition of 250 mg/kg cEGF to the diet can increase growth performance by improving intestinal development and digestive enzyme activity, which may be related to the duodenal intestinal microflora. Therefore, cEGF is an effective alternative to antibiotics in broiler farming.

1.一项研究利用基因合成技术获得了鸡表皮生长因子(cEGF)的功能域,并考察了其对肉鸡生长性能、小肠形态、肠内容物中消化酶活性和十二指肠微生物区系结构的影响。 2. 构建了 pET-32a-cEGF 重组表达载体。通过 SDS-PAGE 分析和 WB 结果显示,特异性条带为 26 KDa。3. 将 180 只健康、一天龄的 Arbor Acres 雄性白羽肉鸡随机分为三个日粮处理组(六个重复栏,每个重复 10 只鸡):结果表明,饲喂 cEGF 和 CD 日粮可降低 1-21 日龄肉鸡的 FCR、22-42 日龄的平均日采食量(ADFI)和整个期间(1-42 日龄)的 FCR;p p p 各组均以固着菌和变形菌为主。在菌属水平上,优势菌属是乳酸杆菌。LEfSe 分析表明,cEGF 组富含 11 个物种,包括 Brevibacillus、Eisenbergiella、Cloacibacterium、Butyricoccus spp.5。 在日粮中添加 250 mg/kg cEGF 可通过改善肠道发育和消化酶活性来提高生长性能,这可能与十二指肠肠道微生物区系有关。因此,cEGF 是肉鸡养殖中抗生素的有效替代品。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of soyhulls with different particle size on the growth performance, blood indices and gut microbiota of yellow feather broilers. 不同粒径的豆壳对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血液指数和肠道微生物群的影响
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308276
X Chen, C Luo, Y Liu, T Li, H Zhang, X Feng

1. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soyhulls with different particle sizes on the growth performance, blood indices and gut microbiota of yellow feather broilers.2. Total of 240 healthy, one-day-old, yellow feather broilers were randomly divided into four groups, with six pen replicates within each group and ten birds per pen. The control group birds were fed the basal diet (Control). For the treatment groups, 5% soyhulls with different particle sizes were included in the basal diet. The particle size geometric mean diameters (dgw) of the soyhulls in the three treatment groups were 299.69 μm (LowPS), 489.85 μm (MediumPS) and 734.83 μm (HighPS) with geometric standard deviation (Sgw) 1.75 μm, 1.62 μm and 1.67 μm, respectively.3. Results showed that the growth performance variables and organ indices were not different among the four groups. The MediumPS group had increased TG, T-CHO, ALT, HDL-C, and GSH-PX levels and decreased T-AOC levels, whereas LowPS and HighPS groups had increased HDL-C and GSH-PX levels (p < 0.05). Microbial diversity analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota of yellow feather broilers mainly included Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Inclusion of 5% soyhulls with different particle size had no effect on alpha diversity indices of caecal microbiota. The HighPS group had significantly higher relative abundance of Firmicutes spp. and lower Bacteroidetes spp. compared with the LowPS and MediumPS group but this was not different from the Control group. The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria spp. was significantly higher in the HighPS group than the other three groups. LEfSe analysis showed that there were more enriched biomarker taxa in the groups with soyhulls than the control group.4. Overall, the inclusion of soyhulls with different particle sizes had limited effects on growth performance, blood indices and caecal microbiota composition of yellow feather broilers.

1.本研究的目的是确定不同粒径的豆壳对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血液指数和肠道微生物群的影响。 2. 将 240 只健康、一天龄的黄羽肉鸡随机分为 4 组,每组 6 个重复,每栏 10 只。对照组饲喂基础日粮(对照组)。对于处理组,在基础日粮中添加不同粒径的 5%豆壳。三个处理组的豆壳粒径几何平均直径(dgw)分别为 299.69 μm(LowPS)、489.85 μm(MediumPS)和 734.83 μm(HighPS),几何标准偏差(Sgw)分别为 1.75 μm、1.62 μm 和 1.67 μm。 结果表明,四个处理组的生长性能变量和器官指数没有差异。中PS组的TG、T-CHO、ALT、HDL-C和GSH-PX水平升高,T-AOC水平降低,而低PS组和高PS组的HDL-C和GSH-PX水平升高(p 固着菌和类杆菌)。加入不同粒径的 5%大豆壳对盲肠微生物群的α多样性指数没有影响。与低粒径组和中粒径组相比,高粒径组的固着菌属相对丰度明显较高,而拟杆菌属相对丰度较低,但与对照组相比没有差异。蓝藻属的相对丰度在高浓度多糖组明显高于其他三组。4. 总体而言,添加不同粒径的豆壳对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能、血液指数和盲肠微生物群组成的影响有限。
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引用次数: 0
Novel sfericase protease improves amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and rapeseed meal in broiler chickens. 新型干酪蛋白酶提高肉鸡对豆粕和菜籽粕的氨基酸消化率
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2295348
H Liu, S Wang, J-O Sorbara, M Umar-Faruk, A J Cowieson

1. Two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of an exogenous sfericase protease on the apparent ileal nutrient digestibility of soybean meal (SBM) and rapeseed meal (RSM) in broiler chickens.2. In each experiment, a total of 256 sixteen-day-old male Cobb 500 broilers were fed one of four semi-purified experimental diets, comprising two different batches (A and B) of samples for either SBM (Exp. 1) or RSM (Exp. 2) without or with an exogenous sfericase (0 or 30,000 NFP/kg). Each experimental diet was fed to eight replicate pens of broiler chickens from 16 to 21 d of age (eight birds per cage), and ileal digesta were collected for measuring the digestibility coefficients.3. In Exp. 1, the amino acid digestibility was greater (P < 0.05) in SBM B compared with SBM A for Arg and Val, and a similar trend (P < 0.1) was observed for Tyr, Leu and Thr. Exogenous sfericase increased (P < 0.10) digestibility of most of amino acids except Gly, His and Trp. There was an interaction between SBM source and sfericase, whereby digestibility of P, N and Asp was increased by sfericase for SBM B but not for SBM A. In Exp. 2, there was no interaction (P > 0.05) between RSM source and sfericase for ileal nutrient digestibility. Digestibility was greater in RSM A compared to RSM B for all non-essential AA and most essential AA (except for Trp), while the reverse was noted for Ca and P (P < 0.05). Exogenous sfericase increased (P < 0.1) digestibility for all amino acids except Cys and Met.4. In conclusion, the current studies showed that both SBM and RSM batches influenced amino acid digestibility. Sfericase protease supplementation increased amino acid digestibility for both SBM and RSM. The digestibility effects were greater in the SBM batch with low digestibility for N and Asp which was in line with an increase in P digestibility.

1.我们进行了两项实验,以探讨外源干扰蛋白酶对肉鸡大豆粉(SBM)和菜籽粕(RSM)表观回肠营养消化率的影响。在每个实验中,总共饲喂了 256 只 16 日龄的雄性 Cobb 500 肉鸡,从四种半纯化实验日粮中选择一种,这四种日粮包括两种不同批次(A 和 B)的 SBM(Exp.1)或 RSM(Exp.2)样品,不含或含外源铁蛋白酶(0 或 30,000 NFP/kg)。每种试验日粮饲喂 8 个重复栏的 16 至 21 日龄肉鸡(每笼 8 只鸡),收集回肠消化物以测量消化率系数。 在试验 1 中,RSM 源和阿魏酸酶对回肠营养物质消化率的影响更大(P P P > 0.05)。与 RSM B 相比,RSM A 对所有非必需 AA 和大多数必需 AA(Trp 除外)的消化率更高,而对 Ca 和 P 的消化率则相反(P P P
{"title":"Novel sfericase protease improves amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and rapeseed meal in broiler chickens.","authors":"H Liu, S Wang, J-O Sorbara, M Umar-Faruk, A J Cowieson","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2023.2295348","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2023.2295348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of an exogenous sfericase protease on the apparent ileal nutrient digestibility of soybean meal (SBM) and rapeseed meal (RSM) in broiler chickens.2. In each experiment, a total of 256 sixteen-day-old male Cobb 500 broilers were fed one of four semi-purified experimental diets, comprising two different batches (A and B) of samples for either SBM (Exp. 1) or RSM (Exp. 2) without or with an exogenous sfericase (0 or 30,000 NFP/kg). Each experimental diet was fed to eight replicate pens of broiler chickens from 16 to 21 d of age (eight birds per cage), and ileal digesta were collected for measuring the digestibility coefficients.3. In Exp. 1, the amino acid digestibility was greater (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in SBM B compared with SBM A for Arg and Val, and a similar trend (<i>P</i> < 0.1) was observed for Tyr, Leu and Thr. Exogenous sfericase increased (<i>P</i> < 0.10) digestibility of most of amino acids except Gly, His and Trp. There was an interaction between SBM source and sfericase, whereby digestibility of P, N and Asp was increased by sfericase for SBM B but not for SBM A. In Exp. 2, there was no interaction (<i>P</i> > 0.05) between RSM source and sfericase for ileal nutrient digestibility. Digestibility was greater in RSM A compared to RSM B for all non-essential AA and most essential AA (except for Trp), while the reverse was noted for Ca and P (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Exogenous sfericase increased (<i>P</i> < 0.1) digestibility for all amino acids except Cys and Met.4. In conclusion, the current studies showed that both SBM and RSM batches influenced amino acid digestibility. Sfericase protease supplementation increased amino acid digestibility for both SBM and RSM. The digestibility effects were greater in the SBM batch with low digestibility for N and Asp which was in line with an increase in P digestibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"137-143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antiviral effect of palmatine against infectious bronchitis virus through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathway and apoptosis. 巴马汀通过调节 NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT 信号通路和细胞凋亡对传染性支气管炎病毒的抗病毒作用
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2296929
W Zhang, Y Chen, F Yang, H Zhang, T Su, J Wang, Y Zhang, X Song

1. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gamma-coronavirus, can infect chickens of all ages and leads to an acute contact respiratory infection. This study evaluated the anti-viral activity of palmatine, a natural non-flavonoid alkaloid, against IBV in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells.2. The half toxic concentration (CC50) of palmatine was 672.92 μM, the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of palmatine against IBV was 7.76 μM and the selection index (SI) was 86.74.3. Mode of action assay showed that palmatine was able to directly inactivate IBV and inhibited the adsorption, penetration and intracellular replication of IBV.4. Palmatine significantly upregulated TRAF6, TAB1 and IKK-β compared with the IBV-infected group, leading to the increased expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the downstream NF-κB signalling pathway.5. Palmatine significantly up-regulated the levels of MDA5, MAVS, IRF7, IFN-α and IFN-β in the IRF7 pathway, inducing type I interferon production. It up-regulated the expression of 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) in the JAK-STAT pathway.6. IBV infection induced cell apoptosis and palmatine-treatment delayed the process of apoptosis by regulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, BCL-2, CASPASE-3 and CASPASE-8).7. Palmatine could exert anti-IBV activity through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathways and apoptosis, providing a theoretical basis for the utilisation of palmatine to treat IBV infection.

1.传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)是一种γ-冠状病毒,可感染所有年龄的鸡,并导致急性接触性呼吸道感染。2. 巴马汀的半毒浓度(CC50)为 672.92 μM,对 IBV 的半抑制浓度(IC50)为 7.76 μM,选择指数(SI)为 86.74.3。作用模式分析显示,巴马汀能够直接灭活 IBV,并抑制 IBV 的吸附、穿透和细胞内复制。与 IBV 感染组相比,巴马汀能明显上调 TRAF6、TAB1 和 IKK-β,导致下游 NF-κB 信号通路中促炎细胞因子 IL-1β 和 TNF-α 的表达增加。 巴马汀能明显上调 IRF7 通路中 MDA5、MAVS、IRF7、IFN-α 和 IFN-β的水平,诱导 I 型干扰素的产生。它上调了 JAK-STAT 通路中 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthase(OAS)的表达。巴马汀可通过调节 NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT 信号通路和细胞凋亡发挥抗 IBV 活性,为利用巴马汀治疗 IBV 感染提供了理论依据。
{"title":"Antiviral effect of palmatine against infectious bronchitis virus through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathway and apoptosis.","authors":"W Zhang, Y Chen, F Yang, H Zhang, T Su, J Wang, Y Zhang, X Song","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2023.2296929","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2023.2296929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gamma-coronavirus, can infect chickens of all ages and leads to an acute contact respiratory infection. This study evaluated the anti-viral activity of palmatine, a natural non-flavonoid alkaloid, against IBV in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells.2. The half toxic concentration (CC<sub>50</sub>) of palmatine was 672.92 μM, the half inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) of palmatine against IBV was 7.76 μM and the selection index (SI) was 86.74.3. Mode of action assay showed that palmatine was able to directly inactivate IBV and inhibited the adsorption, penetration and intracellular replication of IBV.4. Palmatine significantly upregulated <i>TRAF6</i>, <i>TAB1</i> and <i>IKK-β</i> compared with the IBV-infected group, leading to the increased expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines <i>IL-1β</i> and <i>TNF-α</i> in the downstream NF-κB signalling pathway.5. Palmatine significantly up-regulated the levels of MDA5, MAVS, IRF7, IFN-α and IFN-β in the IRF7 pathway, inducing type I interferon production. It up-regulated the expression of 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) in the JAK-STAT pathway.6. IBV infection induced cell apoptosis and palmatine-treatment delayed the process of apoptosis by regulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes (<i>BAX</i>, <i>BCL-2</i>, <i>CASPASE-3</i> and <i>CASPASE-8</i>).7. Palmatine could exert anti-IBV activity through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathways and apoptosis, providing a theoretical basis for the utilisation of palmatine to treat IBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic mapping of the novel congenital loco locus on chromosome Z in Silkie Fowl chickens. 乌骨鸡 Z 染色体上新型先天基因座的遗传图谱。
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2297806
K Shiina, E Kobayashi

1. 'Congenital loco' is a disorder in birds expressed at hatching, and the primary symptom is dorsal backward bending of the neck. It is a recessive disease caused by a mutation in a specific genetic locus. The following study identified a novel locus associated with congenital loco in Silkie Fowl chickens.2. Normal and congenital loco-affected Silkie Fowl chicks exhibited no differences in the frequencies of markers on chromosome 12 adjacent to the congenital loco locus reported in a previous study in Rhode Island Red chickens. Sex determination of congenital loco-affected chicks revealed that they were female only.3. Bulked segregant analyses using next-generation sequencing narrowed the causative region of congenital loco to approximately 3.3 Mb between bases 9,569,012 and 12,863,792 on chromosome Z.

1.先天性驼背 "是鸟类在孵化时表现出的一种疾病,主要症状是颈部背向后弯曲。这是一种隐性疾病,由特定基因位点的突变引起。以下研究确定了一个与乌骨鸡先天性位点相关的新位点2:正常乌骨鸡雏鸡和受先天性位点影响的乌骨鸡雏鸡在与先前罗德岛红鸡研究中报告的先天性位点相邻的 12 号染色体上的标记频率上没有差异。先天性位点受影响雏鸡的性别鉴定结果显示,这些雏鸡仅为雌性。 利用下一代测序技术进行的大量分离分析将先天性位点的致病区域缩小到 Z 染色体上 9,569,012 至 12,863,792 碱基之间约 3.3 Mb 的范围内。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of different stocking densities on the development of reproductive and immune functions in young breeder pigeons during the rearing period. 不同饲养密度对育雏期种鸽生殖和免疫功能发育的影响
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308273
P Xie, L Wang, J Zhu, Y Liu, M Wei, D Gong, T Liu

1. Stocking density (SD) is closely related to animal performance. This experiment was designed to evaluate the development of reproductive and immune functions of young pigeons under different SDs.2. A total of 288 (half male and half female) 40-day-old pigeons (body weight 400 ± 15 g) were allocated into four groups: High stocking density (HSD; 0.308 m3/bird), standard stocking density (SD; 0.616 m3/bird), and low stocking density (LSD; 1.232 m3/bird) and a caged (control; 0.04125 m3/bird). Every group had six replicates of the same sex.3. The results showed that caged male pigeons had the highest testis index, testosterone content, and gene expression of the androgen receptor gene. LSD treatment induced the highest concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone and mRNA levels of reproductive hormone receptor genes in female pigeons. In male pigeons, the spleen index (organ weight calculated as a percentage of total body weight) showed a peak level (0.09 ± 0.020) in the LSD group, and the thymus index peaked (0.23 ± 0.039) in SD group. However, the index for ovary, spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius in female pigeons showed no significant changes among different groups.4. The IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ, TGF-β and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) mRNA levels reached their maximum values in both male and female pigeon spleens in the LSD group.5. Young male pigeons housed in cages showed increased testicular development while low stocking density increased the development of reproductive function in young female pigeons. A larger activity space could help enhance the immune function of both male and female pigeons.

1.饲养密度(SD)与动物性能密切相关。本实验旨在评估幼鸽在不同放养密度下生殖和免疫功能的发育情况。 2. 将 288 只(雌雄各半)40 日龄的幼鸽(体重 400 ± 15 g)分为四组:高放养密度组(HSD;0.308 m3/羽)、标准放养密度组(SD;0.616 m3/羽)、低放养密度组(LSD;1.232 m3/羽)和笼养组(对照组;0.04125 m3/羽)。结果表明,笼养雄鸽的睾丸指数、睾酮含量和雄激素受体基因的基因表达量最高。雌鸽的雌二醇、孕酮浓度和生殖激素受体基因的 mRNA 水平最高。雄鸽的脾脏指数(器官重量占总重量的百分比)在LSD组达到峰值(0.09 ± 0.020),胸腺指数在SD组达到峰值(0.23 ± 0.039)。4.LSD组雌、雄鸽脾脏中IL-1β、IL-8、IFN-γ、TGF-β和toll样受体2(TLR-2)mRNA水平均达到最高值。 5.笼养幼雄鸽睾丸发育加快,低密度饲养幼雌鸽生殖机能发育加快。较大的活动空间有助于提高雄鸽和雌鸽的免疫功能。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the relationship between different naturally-occurring maxillary beak shapes and their ability to cause damage in commercial laying hens. 研究不同自然发生的上颌喙形状与其对商品蛋鸡造成伤害的能力之间的关系。
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308279
S Struthers, I C Dunn, J J Schoenebeck, V Sandilands

1. Using chicken models to avoid unnecessary harm, this study examined the relationship between naturally-occurring maxillary (top) beak shapes and their ability to cause pecking damage.2. A selection of 24 Lohmann Brown laying hens from a total population of 100 were sorted into two groups based on their maxillary beak shape, where 12 were classified as having sharp beaks (SB) and 12 as having blunt beaks (BB).3. All hens were recorded six times in a test pen which contained a chicken model (foam block covered with feathered chicken skin) and a video camera. During each test session, the number of feathers removed from the model, the change in skin and block weight (proxies for tissue damage) and the percentage of successful pecks (resulting in feather and/or tissue removal) were recorded.4. SB hens removed more feathers from the model and had a greater change in skin weight than BB hens. The mean number of pecks made at the model did not differ between the beak shape groups; however, SB hens had a greater percentage of successful pecks, resulting in feather and/or tissue removal, compared to BB hens.5. In conclusion, SB hens were more capable of removing feathers and causing damage. Birds performed more successful pecks resulting in feather and/or tissue removal as they gained experience pecking at the model.

1.为了避免不必要的伤害,本研究利用鸡的模型研究了自然形成的上颌(顶部)喙形状与其造成啄伤的能力之间的关系。 3.所有母鸡在一个装有鸡模型(泡沫塑料块上覆盖着带羽毛的鸡皮)和摄像机的试验围栏中被记录了六次。4. 与 BB 型母鸡相比,SB 型母鸡从模型上啄掉的羽毛更多,鸡皮重量的变化也更大。喙形组之间啄击模型的平均次数没有差异;但与 BB 型母鸡相比,SB 型母鸡成功啄击的百分比更高,导致羽毛和/或组织脱落。 总之,SB 型母鸡更有能力拔除羽毛并造成破坏。随着啄模型经验的积累,啄羽毛和/或啄组织的成功率越来越高。
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引用次数: 0
Disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics in myocardium of broilers with pulmonary hypertension syndrome. 肺动脉高压综合征肉鸡心肌线粒体动力学紊乱
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308277
W Zhang, M Li, X Ye, M Jiang, X Wu, Z Tang, L Hu, H Zhang, Y Li, J Pan

1. The following study investigated the relationship between pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) and mitochondrial dynamics in broiler cardiomyocytes.2. An animal model for PHS was established by injecting broiler chickens with CM-32 cellulose particles. Broiler myocardial cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions to establish an in vitro model. The ascites heart index, histomorphology, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and mitochondrial dynamic-related gene and protein expression were evaluated.3. The myocardial fibres from PHS broilers had wider spaces and were wavy and twisted and the number of mitochondria increased. Compared with the control group, the gene and protein expression levels were decreased for Opa1, Mfn1, and Mfn2 in the myocardium of PHS broilers. The gene and protein expression was significantly increased for Drp1 and Mff.4. This study showed that PHS in broilers may cause myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction, specifically by diminishing mitochondrial fusion and enhancing fission, causing disturbances in the mitochondrial dynamics of the heart.

1.以下研究调查了肺动脉高压综合征(PHS)与肉鸡心肌细胞线粒体动力学之间的关系。 2. 通过向肉鸡注射 CM-32 纤维素颗粒,建立了肺动脉高压综合征的动物模型。在缺氧条件下培养肉鸡心肌细胞,建立体外模型。评估了腹水心指数、组织形态学、线粒体超微结构以及线粒体动态相关基因和蛋白的表达。 PHS 肉鸡的心肌纤维间隙变宽,呈波浪状扭曲,线粒体数量增加。与对照组相比,PHS 肉鸡心肌中 Opa1、Mfn1 和 Mfn2 的基因和蛋白表达水平下降。本研究表明,PHS 可导致肉鸡心肌线粒体功能障碍,具体表现为线粒体融合减少,裂变增加,从而引起心脏线粒体动力学紊乱。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of quercetin on granulosa cells development from hierarchical follicles in chicken. 槲皮素对鸡分级卵泡颗粒细胞发育的影响。
IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2264792
T Li, Y Feng, Z Chen, Q Hou, B R Serrano, A R Barcenas, P Wu, W Zhao, M Shen

1. The bioflavonoid quercetin is a biologically active component, but its functional regulation of granulosa cells (GCs) during chicken follicular development is little studied. To investigate the effect of quercetin on follicular development in laying hens, an in vitro study was conducted on granulosa cells from hierarchical follicles treated with quercetin.2. The effect of quercetin on cell activity, proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells was detected by CCK-8, EdU and apoptosis assays. The effect on progesterone secretion from granulosa cells was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA and oestrogen receptors (ERs), as well as the expression of steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) mRNA during progesterone synthesis, were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). PCNA, StAR and CYP11A1 protein expression levels were detected using Western blotting (WB).3. The results showed that treatment with quercetin in granulosa cells significantly enhanced cell vitality and proliferation, reduced apoptosis and promoted the expression of gene and protein levels of PCNA. The levels of progesterone secretion increased significantly following quercetin treatment, as did the expression levels of StAR and CYP11A1 using the Western Blot (WB) method.4. The mRNA expression levels of ERα were significantly upregulated in the 100 ng/ml and 1000 ng/ml quercetin-treated groups, while there was no significant difference in expression levels of ERβ mRNA.

1.生物类黄酮槲皮素是一种生物活性成分,但对其在鸡卵泡发育过程中对颗粒细胞(GC)的功能调控研究较少。为了研究槲皮素对蛋鸡卵泡发育的影响,对槲皮素处理的分级卵泡颗粒细胞进行了体外研究。采用CCK-8、EdU和凋亡测定法检测槲皮素对颗粒细胞活性、增殖和凋亡的影响。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)研究了对颗粒细胞孕酮分泌的影响。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测孕酮合成过程中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)mRNA和雌激素受体(ER)的表达,以及类固醇急性调节蛋白(StAR)、细胞色素P450胆固醇侧链切割酶(P450scc)和3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(3β-HSD)mRNA的表达。免疫印迹法检测PCNA、StAR和CYP11A1蛋白表达水平。结果表明,槲皮素处理颗粒细胞可显著增强细胞活力和增殖,减少细胞凋亡,促进PCNA基因和蛋白水平的表达。槲皮素处理后,黄体酮分泌水平显著增加,用蛋白质印迹法检测StAR和CYP11A1的表达水平也显著增加。ERα的mRNA表达水平在100 ng/ml和1000 ng/ml槲皮素处理组ERβmRNA表达水平无显著差异。
{"title":"Effect of quercetin on granulosa cells development from hierarchical follicles in chicken.","authors":"T Li, Y Feng, Z Chen, Q Hou, B R Serrano, A R Barcenas, P Wu, W Zhao, M Shen","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2023.2264792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00071668.2023.2264792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. The bioflavonoid quercetin is a biologically active component, but its functional regulation of granulosa cells (GCs) during chicken follicular development is little studied. To investigate the effect of quercetin on follicular development in laying hens, an <i>in vitro</i> study was conducted on granulosa cells from hierarchical follicles treated with quercetin.2. The effect of quercetin on cell activity, proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells was detected by CCK-8, EdU and apoptosis assays. The effect on progesterone secretion from granulosa cells was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (<i>PCNA</i>) mRNA and oestrogen receptors (ERs), as well as the expression of steroid acute regulatory protein (<i>StAR</i>), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (<i>P450scc</i>) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (<i>3β-HSD</i>) mRNA during progesterone synthesis, were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). <i>PCNA</i>, <i>StAR</i> and <i>CYP11A1</i> protein expression levels were detected using Western blotting (WB).3. The results showed that treatment with quercetin in granulosa cells significantly enhanced cell vitality and proliferation, reduced apoptosis and promoted the expression of gene and protein levels of <i>PCNA</i>. The levels of progesterone secretion increased significantly following quercetin treatment, as did the expression levels of <i>StAR</i> and <i>CYP11A1</i> using the Western Blot (WB) method.4. The mRNA expression levels of <i>ERα</i> were significantly upregulated in the 100 ng/ml and 1000 ng/ml quercetin-treated groups, while there was no significant difference in expression levels of <i>ERβ</i> mRNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41100471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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British Poultry Science
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