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Interplay of poultry-microbiome interactions - influencing factors and microbes in poultry infections and metabolic disorders. 家禽与微生物组之间的相互作用--家禽感染和代谢紊乱的影响因素和微生物。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2356666
C E Aruwa, S Sabiu

1. The poultry microbiome and its stability at every point in time, either free range or reared under different farming systems, is affected by several environmental and innate factors. The interaction of the poultry birds with their microbiome, as well as several inherent and extraneous factors contribute to the microbiome dynamics. A poor understanding of this could worsen poultry heath and result in disease/metabolic disorders.2. Many diseased states associated with poultry have been linked to dysbiosis state, where the microbiome experiences some perturbation. Dysbiosis itself is too often downplayed; however, it is considered a disease which could lead to more serious conditions in poultry. The management of interconnected factors by conventional and emerging technologies (sequencing, nanotechnology, robotics, 3D mini-guts) could prove to be indispensable in ensuring poultry health and welfare.3. Findings showed that high-throughput technological advancements enhanced scientific insights into emerging trends surrounding the poultry gut microbiome and ecosystem, the dysbiotic condition, and the dynamic roles of intrinsic and exogenous factors in determining poultry health. Yet, a combination of conventional, -omics based and other techniques further enhance characterisation of key poultry microbiome actors, their mechanisms of action, and roles in maintaining gut homoeostasis and health, in a bid to avert metabolic disorders and infections.4. In conclusion, there is an important interplay of innate, environmental, abiotic and biotic factors impacting on poultry gut microbiome homoeostasis, dysbiosis, and overall health. Associated infections and metabolic disorders can result from the interconnected nature of these factors. Emerging concepts (interkingdom or network signalling and neurotransmitter), and future technologies (mini-gut models, cobots) need to include these interactions to ensure accurate control and outcomes.

1.无论是自由放养还是在不同养殖系统下饲养的家禽,其微生物组及其在每个时间点的稳定性都受到多种环境和先天因素的影响。家禽与其微生物组之间的相互作用以及一些内在和外在因素都会对微生物组的动态变化产生影响。2. 许多与家禽有关的疾病状态都与微生物组受到某种干扰的菌群失调状态有关。菌群失调本身往往被轻描淡写,但它被认为是一种疾病,可导致家禽出现更严重的病症。研究结果表明,高通量技术的进步提高了人们对家禽肠道微生物组和生态系统的新趋势、菌群失调状态以及决定家禽健康的内在和外在因素的动态作用的科学认识。然而,将传统技术、基于组学的技术和其他技术结合起来,可进一步增强对家禽微生物组关键角色、其作用机制以及在维持肠道平衡和健康方面的作用的描述,从而避免代谢紊乱和感染。 总之,先天、环境、非生物和生物因素之间存在着重要的相互作用,对家禽肠道微生物组的平衡、菌群失调和整体健康产生影响。这些因素的相互关联性会导致相关感染和代谢紊乱。新出现的概念(王国间或网络信号和神经递质)和未来的技术(迷你肠道模型、cobots)需要包括这些相互作用,以确保准确的控制和结果。
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引用次数: 0
Partial budget analysis of laying hens' transition from cages to production systems of improved welfare: a case study in Greece. 蛋鸡从笼养向改善福利的生产系统过渡的部分预算分析:希腊案例研究。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2360631
M Z Kritsa, K Tsiboukas, E N Sossidou, P E Simitzis, M Goliomytis

1. In recent years, public concern regarding animal welfare has increased while, at the same time, cage systems for animal production have been greatly criticised by EU citizens. In addition, large food retailers promote food products that are made with eggs produced in cage-free systems.2. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic viability of the transition of laying hens' to production systems; from conventional to alternative systems with improved welfare. Three independent scenarios were assumed as follows: transition from enriched colony cages to barn (S1), transition from barn to free-range (S2), and transition from free-range to organic (S3). Economic assessments of each transition was applied to a model farm in Greece with 12 000 hens, through partial budget analysis and net benefits and costs were estimated.3. The results showed a positive economic impact in all transitions to a production system of improved animal welfare (€12,044 in S1, €18,957 in S2 and €7,977 in S3) which indicated that they are economically sustainable. In all scenarios, unit cost increased by 19% in S1, 12% in S2, and 85% in S3.4. In conclusion, transitioning towards improved animal welfare production systems in laying hen farms could be an economically viable option for egg producers in compliance with societal demands and market trends.

1.近年来,公众对动物福利的关注与日俱增,与此同时,笼养动物生产系统也受到了欧盟公民的强烈批评。此外,大型食品零售商也在推广用无笼养系统生产的鸡蛋制作的食品。这项研究的目的是评估蛋鸡生产系统转型的经济可行性;从传统系统到福利改善的替代系统。假设了以下三种独立的情况:从高密度鸡笼过渡到鸡舍(S1),从鸡舍过渡到散养(S2),以及从散养过渡到有机(S3)。通过部分预算分析,对希腊一个拥有 12000 只母鸡的示范农场进行了经济评估,并估算了净效益和成本。 结果表明,所有向改善动物福利生产系统的过渡都会产生积极的经济影响(S1 为 12,044 欧元,S2 为 18,957 欧元,S3 为 7,977 欧元),这表明这些过渡在经济上是可持续的。在所有方案中,S1 的单位成本增加了 19%,S2 增加了 12%,S3 增加了 85%。总之,根据社会需求和市场趋势,蛋鸡养殖场向改良动物福利生产系统过渡是鸡蛋生产商经济上可行的选择。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular and transcriptomic analysis of the ovary during laying and brooding stages in Zhedong white geese (Anser cygnoides domesticus). 浙东白鹅产蛋期和育雏期卵巢的分子和转录组分析
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2364351
Y Wang, S Wang, Z Zang, B Li, G Liu, H Huang, X Zhao

1. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms affecting brooding in Zhedong white geese by examining differences in reproductive endocrine levels, ovarian histology and transcriptomics.2. Twenty 18-month-old Zhedong white geese were selected to examine their ovaries using histological, biochemical, molecular biological, and high-throughput sequencing techniques during the laying and brooding periods.3. The results showed that the number of atretic follicles and apoptotic cells in the ovaries increased significantly (p < 0.05), the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone and oestradiol decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the level of prolactin increased significantly (p < 0.01) during the brooding stage.4. In broody geese, the expression of CASP3, CASP9, P53, BAX, and Cyt-c were considerably higher (p < 0.05), but BCL2 expression was significantly lower (p < 0.05).5. In ovarian tissues, 260 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 13 differentially expressed miRNA and 60 differentially expressed mRNA were all discovered using transcriptome sequencing analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNA and non-coding RNA target genes were primarily involved in ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction, mTOR signalling, and the calcium signalling pathway.6. In conclusion, follicular atrophy and apoptosis occurred in the ovaries and serum reproductive hormone levels were significantly changed during the brooding period of Zhedong white geese. COL3A1, COL1A2, GRIA1, RNF152, miR-192, and miR-194 may be important candidates for the regulation of brooding behaviour, with the mTOR signalling pathway playing a key role.

1.本研究通过研究浙东白鹅生殖内分泌水平、卵巢组织学和转录组学的差异,探讨影响浙东白鹅育雏的分子机制。 选取 20 只 18 月龄浙东白鹅,在产蛋期和育雏期使用组织学、生物化学、分子生物学和高通量测序技术对其卵巢进行检测。结果表明,卵巢中闭锁卵泡和凋亡细胞的数量显著增加(p p p CASP3、CASP9、P53、BAX 和 Cyt-c 的表达量显著增加(p BCL2 的表达量显著降低(p COL3A1、COL1A2、GRIA1、RNF152、miR-192 和 miR-194 可能是调控育雏行为的重要候选因子,其中 mTOR 信号通路起着关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of grinding method and extent of pelleting of broiler diets on performance, feeding behaviour and digestive tract functionality. 肉鸡日粮的粉碎方法和制粒程度对性能、采食行为和消化道功能的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2405208
S Dhakal, H Hetland, B Svihus

1. An experiment was carried out to examine if a heterogeneous diet consisting of pellets and coarse cereal particles would result in a similar feed intake to pelleted-only diets. It also considered whether coarser particles entering the gizzard would encourage the development of the gizzard and thus improve digestive tract functionality. Maize and wheat were hammer milled through a 3 mm screen after coarse grinding using either one of the two screens with a novel pattern. Three pellet-only diets were produced based on three grinding sizes. Additionally, four diets were produced by separating coarse cereal particles from moderately coarse particles by sieving either once or twice, pelleting the remainder and finally mixing these into a complete heterogeneous diet.2. No difference in performance between birds fed the three pelleted-only diets was observed. However, heterogeneous diets resulted in a lower feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) than pelleted-only diets (p < 0.05). The dietary treatments neither affected the feed conversion ratio nor ileal digestibility of starch and protein (p > 0.05). As expected, feeding a heterogeneous diets increased (p < 0.05) the relative weight of the gizzard and its contents. Approximately 50% of the particles in the small intestine were between 0.15 mm and 0.36 mm in diameter, with more fine particles observed when the pelleted-only diets containing coarsely ground cereals were fed, confirming the capacity of the gizzard to finely grind feed.3. Sieving of the diet remaining in the feeder during 4 h of feeding two of the heterogeneous diets showed that the particles > 2.8 mm disappeared first (p < 0.05), showing the birds' preference for larger particles when offered heterogeneous diets. Although the birds were able to handle the coarse microstructure of the diets without any negative effects, the reduced performance in the case of heterogeneous diets might have been related to feed intake issues and particle selection, resulting in an imbalance in nutrient intake.

1.实验研究了由颗粒饲料和粗颗粒饲料组成的混合饲料是否会导致与纯颗粒饲料相似的采食量。实验还考虑了进入胗的粗颗粒是否会促进胗的发育,从而改善消化道的功能。玉米和小麦在粗磨后通过 3 毫米的筛子进行锤磨,筛子采用两种新型筛子中的一种。根据三种研磨尺寸生产了三种纯颗粒日粮。此外,还通过一次或两次筛分将粗颗粒谷物与中等粗颗粒谷物分离,将剩余部分制成颗粒,最后将其混合成完整的异质日粮,制成了四种日粮。 2. 在饲喂这三种纯颗粒日粮的鸟类中,没有观察到性能上的差异。然而,混合日粮的采食量(FI)和增重(WG)均低于纯颗粒日粮(p p > 0.05)。正如预期的那样,饲喂异构日粮首先增加(p 2.8 mm),然后消失(p 2.8 mm)。
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引用次数: 0
Novel circular RNA Sestrin1 promotes chicken myoblast proliferation and differentiation via circSesn1/miR-16-5p/SESN1 pathway. 新型环状 RNA Sestrin1 通过 circSesn1/miR-16-5p/SESN1 途径促进鸡肌母细胞增殖和分化
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2360004
X Shen, J Liao, S Yu, P Feng, G Wang

1. The development of chicken skeletal muscle is directly relevant to poultry husbandry production. Numerous studies have suggested that circular RNA play pivotal roles in muscle development. However, the functions and mechanisms of most circRNA in chicken myogenesis remain largely unknown.2. This study identified a novel circSESN1 based on existing sequencing data and examined its authenticity and subcellular localisation by enzyme digestion and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the expression levels of circSESN1 and the developmental stage of chicken muscle.3. Mechanistically, knockdown or overexpression of circSESN1 was performed in primary myoblasts to validate its function. The interactions between circSESN1, miR-16-5p, and the target gene sestrin 1 (SESN1) were investigated using bioinformatics analysis and a dual fluorescein reporter system. Real-time qPCR, a cell proliferation assay, and immunofluorescence staining techniques were used to investigate the promotion effect of circSESN1 on myoblast proliferation and differentiation by miR-16-5p/SESN1 pathway.4. The results demonstrated that the newly identified chicken circSESN1 directly sponges gga-miR-16-5p to regulate SESN1 gene expression, promoting myoblast proliferation and differentiation.

1.鸡骨骼肌的发育与家禽饲养生产直接相关。大量研究表明,环状 RNA 在肌肉发育过程中起着关键作用。2. 本研究根据现有的测序数据发现了一个新的 circSESN1,并通过酶切和 RNA 荧光原位杂交检测了其真实性和亚细胞定位。此外,circSESN1 的表达水平与鸡肌肉的发育阶段呈正相关。 3. 从机理上讲,在原代成肌细胞中敲除或过表达 circSESN1 以验证其功能。利用生物信息学分析和双荧光素报告系统研究了 circSESN1、miR-16-5p 和靶基因 sestrin 1(SESN1)之间的相互作用。结果表明,新发现的鸡 circSESN1 能直接通过 gga-miR-16-5p 调控 SESN1 基因的表达,从而促进成肌细胞的增殖和分化。
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引用次数: 0
Glycerol is not suitable for the cryopreservation of quail semen. 甘油不适合用于鹌鹑精液的冷冻保存。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2357671
I Grasseau, I Couty, I Grimaud-Jottreau, A Vitorino Carvalho

1. This study investigated the potential use of glycerol as a cryoprotectant for quail sperm cells. Its role in maintaining sperm fertilising ability in vivo and in vitro quality parameters, such as motility, was assessed.2. The data showed that the presence of glycerol in semen samples was associated with infertility, which suggested that removal prior to insemination is mandatory. Removal through serial dilution centrifugation was associated with fewer than 5% of motile sperm cells and resulted in no fertility.3. In conclusion, glycerol alone is not suitable for quail semen cryopreservation, and other approaches need to be investigated to develop cryobanking programmes for this species.

1.这项研究调查了甘油作为鹌鹑精子细胞低温保护剂的潜在用途。数据显示,精液样本中甘油的存在与不育有关,这表明在授精前必须去除甘油。总之,甘油本身并不适合用于鹌鹑精液的冷冻保存,因此需要研究其他方法来制定该物种的冷冻保存计划。
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引用次数: 0
Properties of encapsulated raspberry powder and its efficacy for improving the pH, colour quality and shelf life of modified atmosphere packaged chicken nuggets. 封装覆盆子粉的特性及其对改善改良气调包装鸡块的 pH 值、色泽质量和货架期的功效。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2359988
M I Aksu, H Arslan

1. Recent research has shown that encapsulated raspberry powder (RP) is a natural colourant for foodstuffs. However, no research has been conducted on its use in chicken nuggets. In addition, the effect of RP on products with and without phosphate addition is unknown. This study assessed the effects of RP (control, 0.5%, 1.0%) and phosphate (0.0%, 0.3%) on the pH and colour quality properties of nuggets.2. In the production of RP, red raspberry (Rubus ideaus L.) juices were encapsulated using maltodextrin in a spray-dryer. Antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin, total phenolics, colour, moisture and pH analyses of the RP were performed.3. Nuggets were packaged in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; 40%CO2 + 60%N2) and were stored at 2.0 ± 0.5°C for 120 d. The pH and external and internal surface colour (L*, a*, b*, C* and h) values were measured on d 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 of storage.4. The addition of phosphate increased the pH in the samples, while these decreased with the addition of RP (p < 0.05). During storage, the highest pH were seen in the phosphate samples and the lowest in the nuggets with 1.0% RP addition (p < 0.05).5. With the addition of phosphate, the external surface a* value of nuggets increased (p < 0.05). Depending on the level of RP added to the nuggets, the external surface L* value decreased and a* and b* values increased (p < 0.05). After d 30 of storage, the a* value increased in the samples with RP addition and this increase was higher in the with phosphate nuggets (p < 0.05).6. The internal surface a* value increased with the addition of RP during nugget production (p < 0.05). The increase in a* value was greater in samples with added phosphate (p < 0.05). During storage, the highest a* values were seen in nuggets treated with phosphate + 0.1% RP (p < 0.05). The addition of RP to chicken nugget emulsion improved redness, colour stability and shelf life.

1.最近的研究表明,封装的覆盆子粉(RP)是食品的天然着色剂。不过,还没有关于其在鸡块中使用的研究。此外,RP 对添加和不添加磷酸盐的产品的影响也不得而知。本研究评估了 RP(对照组、0.5%、1.0%)和磷酸盐(0.0%、0.3%)对鸡块的 pH 值和色泽质量特性的影响。 在生产 RP 时,使用麦芽糊精在喷雾干燥机中封装红树莓(Rubus ideaus L.)果汁。贮藏第 0、15、30、45、60、75、90、105 和 120 天时测量 pH 值和内外表面颜色(L*、a*、b*、C* 和 h)值。添加磷酸盐会提高样品的 pH 值,而添加 RP 则会降低 pH 值(p p p p p p p p p
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引用次数: 0
Effect of limestone particle size and microbial phytase on phosphorus and calcium digestion kinetics along the gastrointestinal tract in laying hens. 石灰石粒度和微生物植酸酶对蛋鸡胃肠道磷和钙消化动力学的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2357659
F Hervo, M-P Létourneau-Montminy, B Méda, A Narcy

1. This study assessed the effect of limestone particle size and microbial phytase incorporation on the fate of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) along the gastrointestinal tract in 72 laying hens.2. Four experimental diets were formulated according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement to evaluate the effect of two coarse limestone (CL) inclusion. This included a mix (MIX) of 75% CL (2 - 4 mm) and 25% fine particles (FL, <0.5 mm) or 100% FL, in two different basal diets formulated without (MIX0 and FL0) or with 300 FTU of microbial phytase/kg (MIX300 and FL300).3. Contents of the crop, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected to determine the mean retention time (MRT) of dry matter (DM), the recovery rate of Ca and P in each segment of the gastrointestinal tract and the apparent fractional digestibility coefficient (AD) of Ca and P in each intestinal segment.4. In hens fed FL, microbial phytase decreased the MRT of DM along the intestine (p < 0.05). In the crop and the gizzard, Ca recovery increased with MIX incorporation to a greater extent in hens fed without microbial phytase (p < 0.05). The mixed particle size incorporation decreased absorption kinetics of Ca in hens fed microbial phytase. The AD of P and the absorption kinetics of P were significantly decreased in hens receiving FL300, probably due to complex formation between Ca and phytic acid.5. This study showed that coarse limestone particles incorporation improved mineral utilisation along the digestive tract.

1.本研究评估了石灰石颗粒大小和微生物植酸酶的加入对 72 只蛋鸡胃肠道中磷(P)和钙(Ca)去向的影响。 2. 按照 2 × 2 的因子排列配制了四种实验日粮,以评估两种粗石灰石(CL)加入量的影响。其中包括 75% 的 CL(2 - 4 毫米)和 25% 的细颗粒(FL,p p p)的混合饲料(MIX)。
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引用次数: 0
Supplementing pigeon grit with acidifier improves metabolism and the reproductive performance of breeding pigeons as well as the development of growth performance of squabs. 在鸽砂中添加酸化剂可改善种鸽的新陈代谢和繁殖性能,以及乳鸽的生长发育性能。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2400692
S Zheng, Y Tang, W Huang, W Zhang, Y Zhang, M Yang, H Lu, Z Li, Y He, X Qiu, Y Liu, Z Gou, Z Qiu, Y Bin, Z Zhang, H Gao, W Wang, J Peng, Y Huang, Y Liang

1. This study evaluated the effectiveness of different types of acidifiers on reproductive performance, body weight loss and plasma biochemical indices of breeding pigeons as well as on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical indices of squabs.2. In a 45 d trial, 144 pairs of European white Mimas pigeons were selected and randomly divided into three experimental groups. Three groups of pigeons were fed plain pigeon grit (NC), pigeon grit supplemented with 5% single acidifier (SAG) and pigeon grit supplemented with 5% combined acidifiers (CAG).3. Supplementing with SAG and CAG significantly increased the weight gain in male pigeons from 1-12 d of incubation. However, SAG and CAG had no significant effect on the feed intake of breeding pigeons during incubation, but significantly increased total feed intake of breeding pigeons during the lactation period. Breeder pigeons fed SAG and CAG had significantly higher egg-laying rate at 40 d. In addition, feeding SAG and CAG significantly increased growth rate and slaughter weight of squabs, but SAG reduced the diameter of pectoral muscle fibres. Biochemical indices showed that feeding SAG and CAG improved metabolism and increased the liver function of breeder pigeons and squabs.4. In conclusion, supplementing pigeon grit with acidifiers increased feed intake of breeding pigeons during lactation, protected liver function, enhanced reproductive performance and promoted the growth and development of squabs.

1.这项研究评估了不同类型的酸化剂对种鸽繁殖性能、体重减轻和血浆生化指标的影响,以及对乳鸽生长性能、胴体特征、肉质和血浆生化指标的影响。 2. 在一项为期 45 天的试验中,选取了 144 对欧洲白米马斯鸽子,并将其随机分为三个试验组。3. 添加 SAG 和 CAG 能显著提高雄鸽孵化 1-12 d 的增重。然而,SAG 和 CAG 对孵化期种鸽的采食量没有明显影响,但对哺乳期种鸽的总采食量有明显提高。此外,饲喂 SAG 和 CAG 能显著提高乳鸽的生长速度和屠宰体重,但 SAG 会降低胸肌纤维的直径。生化指标显示,饲喂 SAG 和 CAG 改善了种鸽和乳鸽的新陈代谢,提高了肝功能。 总之,在鸽砂中添加酸化剂可提高种鸽哺乳期的采食量,保护肝功能,提高繁殖性能,促进乳鸽的生长发育。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of dietary calcium and microbial phytase on the bioavailability of two sources of zinc in broilers. 日粮钙和微生物植酸酶对肉鸡两种锌源生物利用率的影响。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2383920
V Khaksar, F Hervo, N Même, A R Monteiro, A Narcy

1. The objective of this study was to test the effect of microbial phytase and calcium (Ca) levels on the Zn bioavailability depending on the Zn source.2. A total of 144, one-day-old broilers received a diet containing 40 mg Zn/kg for 1 week. They were then assigned to one of the eight experimental treatments during 2 weeks. Diets contained 27 mg native Zn and were formulated according to a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design with two added Zn sources (23 mg Zn/kg), sulphate (ZnSO4) or oxide (ZnO); two dietary Ca levels of either 6 (low) or 10 g/kg (moderate); and two microbial phytase levels, of either 0 or 750 phytase unit/kg.3. Moderate Ca plus phytase improved body weight gain (BWG) and low Ca level without microbial phytase decreased tibia weight (Ca × Phy; p = 0.049). Zinc oxide resulted in a higher tibia development (i.e. tibia weight and length; p < 0.05) and BWG (p = 0.009) and lower FCR (p < 0.001) compared to ZnSO4.4. Phytase improved tibia Zn concentration especially in birds given ZnSO4 compared to ZnO (Zn × Phy; p = 0.049). Moderate Ca diets improved tibial characteristics and Zn deposition compared to low Ca diets (p < 0.05).5. Soluble Zn in the gizzard increased in the presence of phytase (p = 0.011), while higher dietary Ca reduced this in birds receiving ZnO (p = 0.004). In the jejunum, Zn solubility was higher with phytase (p = 0.008).6. Under the conditions of this study, dietary levels of Ca and microbial phytase affect Zn availability in broilers more than the Zn source.

1.本研究的目的是测试微生物植酸酶和钙(Ca)水平对锌生物利用率的影响,具体取决于锌的来源。 144 只一天龄的肉鸡连续 1 周饲喂含 40 毫克锌/千克的日粮。然后在 2 周内将它们分配到 8 个实验处理之一。日粮含 27 毫克原生锌,按照 2 × 2 × 2 因子设计配制,添加两种锌源(23 毫克锌/千克),硫酸盐(ZnSO4)或氧化物(ZnO);两种日粮钙含量,6 克/千克(低)或 10 克/千克(适度);两种微生物植酸酶含量,0 或 750 植酸酶单位/千克。中度钙加植酸酶提高了体重增加(BWG),而低钙水平(无微生物植酸酶)降低了胫骨重量(钙×植酸;p = 0.049)。氧化锌可提高胫骨发育(即胫骨重量和长度;p = 0.009),降低 FCR(p 4.4。与氧化锌(Zn × Phy;p = 0.049)相比,植酸酶提高了胫骨的锌浓度,尤其是在饲喂 ZnSO4 的家禽中。与低钙日粮相比,中钙日粮改善了胫骨特征和锌沉积(p = 0.011),而高钙日粮则降低了接受氧化锌的鸟类的胫骨特征和锌沉积(p = 0.004)。在空肠中,植酸酶的锌溶解度更高(p = 0.008)。 6. 在本研究的条件下,日粮中的钙和微生物植酸酶水平对肉鸡锌利用率的影响大于锌来源。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
British Poultry Science
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