Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0013
Falus András
Abstract The rapid development of molecular biology over the past seventy years led to the molecular understanding of the structure and function of hereditary material in the living world. Through the processing of the gigantic amount of data obtained as a result of technological advances and the exploration of different mechanisms of action, information technology has become an indispensable part of genomic research. This article addresses the background of the genomic and bioinformatics revolution, its application areas, and the perspective of personalized medicine.
{"title":"Genomics and informatics The story of a „love marriage”","authors":"Falus András","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The rapid development of molecular biology over the past seventy years led to the molecular understanding of the structure and function of hereditary material in the living world. Through the processing of the gigantic amount of data obtained as a result of technological advances and the exploration of different mechanisms of action, information technology has become an indispensable part of genomic research. This article addresses the background of the genomic and bioinformatics revolution, its application areas, and the perspective of personalized medicine.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"73 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75135865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0016
K. Zoltán, Kun Ildikó, Kolcsár Melinda
Abstract This work is a continuation of an earlier article published in this journal (no. 91/1: “Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome I: definition, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and complications”). As the pathology of polycystic ovary syndrome is not fully known, the treatments used do not constitute a causal therapy, only pathogenetical interventions to break the vicious circles of pathological events. It does not currently have a universal therapeutic procedure or an approved specific drug. Treatment may be aimed at reducing hyperandrogenism, inducing ovulation and preventing complications. The patient’s complaints and desire for becoming pregnant should also be taken into account. In mild cases, an appropriate lifestyle (prevention/treatment of obesity) is sufficient, i.e. a 5-10% reduction in body weight can already result in significant improvement and also serves to prevent late complications (diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia). Oral contraceptives and antiandrogens are mainly used to treat hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne, and alopecia). A contraceptive whose progestogen component has antiandrogenic properties, or at least is androgen-neutral, is preferred, such as third-generation contraceptives. However, combined contraceptives (containing gestodene, desogestrel, drospirenone and cyproterone acetate) may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism and are therefore contraindicated in case of hypercoagulability. Antiandrogens (cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, finasteride, etc.) can also be used independently, but only with effective contraception (as these can cause feminization of the male fetus). Insulin resistance plays a crucial role in the development of this disease. Metformin is used as primary therapy, as it also has many other beneficial effects (e.g. cardiovascular and anti-cancer) described in recent years. These pleiotropic effects and their subtle mechanisms are discussed in detail. We highlight the possibilities of avoiding side effects and the current interpretation of rare contraindications (acidosis, hypoxic conditions, renal damage). Insulin resistance lowering agents include thiazolidinediones, acarbose, GLP-1 agonists, vitamin D, resveratrol, octreotide, but the beneficial effects of myoinositol and D-chiro-inositol are also mentioned. In the last part of the paper, the treatment options for infertility are discussed, highlighting the efficacy of clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins (“step-up”, “step- down” methods), IVF techniques, and ovarian drilling used for ovulation induction. We detail the importance and possibilities of the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies.
{"title":"Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome II: treatment of hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and infertility","authors":"K. Zoltán, Kun Ildikó, Kolcsár Melinda","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work is a continuation of an earlier article published in this journal (no. 91/1: “Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome I: definition, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and complications”). As the pathology of polycystic ovary syndrome is not fully known, the treatments used do not constitute a causal therapy, only pathogenetical interventions to break the vicious circles of pathological events. It does not currently have a universal therapeutic procedure or an approved specific drug. Treatment may be aimed at reducing hyperandrogenism, inducing ovulation and preventing complications. The patient’s complaints and desire for becoming pregnant should also be taken into account. In mild cases, an appropriate lifestyle (prevention/treatment of obesity) is sufficient, i.e. a 5-10% reduction in body weight can already result in significant improvement and also serves to prevent late complications (diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia). Oral contraceptives and antiandrogens are mainly used to treat hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne, and alopecia). A contraceptive whose progestogen component has antiandrogenic properties, or at least is androgen-neutral, is preferred, such as third-generation contraceptives. However, combined contraceptives (containing gestodene, desogestrel, drospirenone and cyproterone acetate) may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism and are therefore contraindicated in case of hypercoagulability. Antiandrogens (cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, finasteride, etc.) can also be used independently, but only with effective contraception (as these can cause feminization of the male fetus). Insulin resistance plays a crucial role in the development of this disease. Metformin is used as primary therapy, as it also has many other beneficial effects (e.g. cardiovascular and anti-cancer) described in recent years. These pleiotropic effects and their subtle mechanisms are discussed in detail. We highlight the possibilities of avoiding side effects and the current interpretation of rare contraindications (acidosis, hypoxic conditions, renal damage). Insulin resistance lowering agents include thiazolidinediones, acarbose, GLP-1 agonists, vitamin D, resveratrol, octreotide, but the beneficial effects of myoinositol and D-chiro-inositol are also mentioned. In the last part of the paper, the treatment options for infertility are discussed, highlighting the efficacy of clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins (“step-up”, “step- down” methods), IVF techniques, and ovarian drilling used for ovulation induction. We detail the importance and possibilities of the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"125 18 1","pages":"89 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79345536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0014
G. Árpád, K. Mihály, Gyéresi Mária
Abstract Several Transylvanian chemists and pharmacists have played an important role in the development and advancement of modern Hungarian chemical sciences. Regarding these prominent personalities we paid tribute in our series to the career and role of Lajos Ilosvay, Lajos Winkler and Tibor Széki in Budapest, Hungary. Pál Scheitz who was born 150 years ago in Marosvásárhely/Târgu-Mures worked at the Chemistry Institute of Professor Lajos Ilosvay. After graduating from the University of Munich and earning a PhD degree, he worked at the University of Kolozsvár/Cluj for a short period of time after which he pursued a full-time academic career at the Budapest University of Technology for the rest of his life. During his relatively short life (1870-1912) he managed to produce some outstanding works in the field of analytical chemistry. His most significant work is a contemporary book on methods of qualitative chemical analysis, which was printed in two editions. His studies and investigations of litmus dyes are also significant, which are still considered to be the most comprehensive studies of the Hungarian scientific literature.
几个特兰西瓦尼亚化学家和药剂师在现代匈牙利化学科学的发展和进步中发挥了重要作用。关于这些杰出人物，我们在我们的系列节目中向匈牙利布达佩斯的Lajos Ilosvay, Lajos Winkler和Tibor szacimki的职业生涯和作用表示敬意。Pál Scheitz 150年前出生在Marosvásárhely/ t rgu- mures，曾在Lajos Ilosvay教授的化学研究所工作。从慕尼黑大学毕业并获得博士学位后，他在Kolozsvár/Cluj大学工作了很短的一段时间，之后他在布达佩斯工业大学从事全职学术生涯，度过了他的余生。在他相对短暂的一生中(1870-1912)，他设法在分析化学领域做出了一些杰出的作品。他最重要的工作是一本关于定性化学分析方法的当代著作，该书分两版印刷。他对石蕊染料的研究和调查也很重要，这仍然被认为是匈牙利科学文献中最全面的研究。
{"title":"Famous Hungarian Chemists and Pharmacists from Transylvania: 150 years since the birth of Pál Scheitz, collaborator of Professor Lajos Ilosvay","authors":"G. Árpád, K. Mihály, Gyéresi Mária","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several Transylvanian chemists and pharmacists have played an important role in the development and advancement of modern Hungarian chemical sciences. Regarding these prominent personalities we paid tribute in our series to the career and role of Lajos Ilosvay, Lajos Winkler and Tibor Széki in Budapest, Hungary. Pál Scheitz who was born 150 years ago in Marosvásárhely/Târgu-Mures worked at the Chemistry Institute of Professor Lajos Ilosvay. After graduating from the University of Munich and earning a PhD degree, he worked at the University of Kolozsvár/Cluj for a short period of time after which he pursued a full-time academic career at the Budapest University of Technology for the rest of his life. During his relatively short life (1870-1912) he managed to produce some outstanding works in the field of analytical chemistry. His most significant work is a contemporary book on methods of qualitative chemical analysis, which was printed in two editions. His studies and investigations of litmus dyes are also significant, which are still considered to be the most comprehensive studies of the Hungarian scientific literature.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"126 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79547000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0015
Harsa Mihai Iuliu, B. Nándor, Horváth Emőke
Abstract Introduction as an outcome of sterile inflammation-inducing acute ischemic processes, many splenic cells enter the circulatory system and migrate into the lesion, defending tissues against the spread of ischemia or enhancing necrosis. Objective investigating the therapeutic effect of splenic morphological response to sterile inflammation-inducing myocardial infarction. Material and method We examined the weight and structure of the heart and spleen of 106 patients deceased due to acute myocardial infarction. These data were correlated with demographic (personal) and epidemiological data, and disease history. After morphological investigation of archived myocardial and splenic tissue samples, the acute ischemia-induced structural alterations of splenic samples were quantified using a digital morphometric method. Results were evaluated in comparison to the myocardial ischemia coefficient. Changes in distribution of ischemia-induced cell types were characterized by defining the immunological phenotypes of macrophages (M1 vs. M2). Spleen samples from patients without history of ischemia were used as controls. Results The modification of the spleen weight was associated with an increase in peripheral blood leucocyte levels. Our morphological analysis proved a positive correlation between the ischemia coefficient and the decrease of spleen weight. Structural analysis of splenic tissue revealed the collapse of red pulp sinusoids, a significant size decrease of the white pulp marginal zone (p<0.05), and depleted follicles with irregular margins without any distinct germinative centers. Concurrently, with the proliferation of granulocytes, the increase of M1 macrophages was observed in the myocardium, and a higher M1/M2 ratio was detected in the marginal zone of splenic follicles. Conclusion On the background of acute ischemia, time critically determines the dynamic structural changes of the spleen. Along with reducing the marginal zone, immunomodulation targeting its cellular composition will be a putative therapeutic approach in the future.
作为无菌炎症诱导的急性缺血过程的结果，许多脾细胞进入循环系统并迁移到病变处，保护组织免受缺血扩散或增强坏死。目的探讨脾形态学对无菌性炎症性心肌梗死的治疗作用。材料与方法对106例急性心肌梗死死亡患者的心脏和脾脏进行重量和结构检查。这些数据与人口统计(个人)和流行病学数据以及病史相关。在对存档的心肌和脾组织标本进行形态学调查后，采用数字形态计量学方法对急性缺血引起的脾组织结构改变进行定量分析。将结果与心肌缺血系数进行比较。通过定义巨噬细胞的免疫表型(M1 vs. M2)来表征缺血诱导细胞类型分布的变化。无缺血史患者脾脏标本作为对照。结果脾脏重量的改变与外周血白细胞水平升高有关。形态学分析证实缺血系数与脾脏重量下降呈正相关。脾组织结构分析显示红髓窦塌陷，白髓边缘区明显缩小(p<0.05)，滤泡减少，边缘不规则，无明显萌发中心。同时，随着粒细胞的增殖，心肌中M1巨噬细胞增多，脾滤泡边缘区M1/M2比值升高。结论在急性缺血的背景下，时间对脾的动态结构变化起关键作用。随着减少边缘区，针对其细胞成分的免疫调节将是未来可能的治疗方法。
{"title":"The morphological response of the heart and spleen following acute myocardial infarction-induced sterile inflammation: a clinicopathological study","authors":"Harsa Mihai Iuliu, B. Nándor, Horváth Emőke","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction as an outcome of sterile inflammation-inducing acute ischemic processes, many splenic cells enter the circulatory system and migrate into the lesion, defending tissues against the spread of ischemia or enhancing necrosis. Objective investigating the therapeutic effect of splenic morphological response to sterile inflammation-inducing myocardial infarction. Material and method We examined the weight and structure of the heart and spleen of 106 patients deceased due to acute myocardial infarction. These data were correlated with demographic (personal) and epidemiological data, and disease history. After morphological investigation of archived myocardial and splenic tissue samples, the acute ischemia-induced structural alterations of splenic samples were quantified using a digital morphometric method. Results were evaluated in comparison to the myocardial ischemia coefficient. Changes in distribution of ischemia-induced cell types were characterized by defining the immunological phenotypes of macrophages (M1 vs. M2). Spleen samples from patients without history of ischemia were used as controls. Results The modification of the spleen weight was associated with an increase in peripheral blood leucocyte levels. Our morphological analysis proved a positive correlation between the ischemia coefficient and the decrease of spleen weight. Structural analysis of splenic tissue revealed the collapse of red pulp sinusoids, a significant size decrease of the white pulp marginal zone (p<0.05), and depleted follicles with irregular margins without any distinct germinative centers. Concurrently, with the proliferation of granulocytes, the increase of M1 macrophages was observed in the myocardium, and a higher M1/M2 ratio was detected in the marginal zone of splenic follicles. Conclusion On the background of acute ischemia, time critically determines the dynamic structural changes of the spleen. Along with reducing the marginal zone, immunomodulation targeting its cellular composition will be a putative therapeutic approach in the future.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":"105 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80361034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0001
G. György
Abstract Dénes Szabó (1856–1918) was the second professor of obstetrics and gynecology of the Franz Joseph University from Kolozsvár (Cluj). This is a centennial commemoration. Szabó was born in the family of a great geologist professor at Pest. He studied at the University from Budapest and Strasbourg. He took his doctor’s degree in 1879. He spent a year with medical studies in foreign countries. In 1881 he became assistant to Professor Tivadar Kézmárszky, head of the Gynecological Clinic No. I. from Budapest. He was qualified as private lecturer in gynecology in 1888. In this period he published a lot of studies and review articles in the weekly medical papers Orvosi Hetilap and Gyógyászat. The Kolozsvár professor of obstetrics János Maizner in 1892 got retired. As a result of a competition Szabó was appointed professor of both obstetrics and gynecology. Until 1899 he worked in very poor conditions in a suburb building. Then the new 2 floor hospital from Mikó Street was built, where there were separate sections for obstetrics and gynecology. There he could also train midwives during 5 month courses. He became member of the Medical section of Transylvanian Museum Society, from 1894 up to 1912 he was the editor of its review journal (Értesítő...). Most of his studies were published there. The Medical Faculty elected him three times dean, in 1905/6 he was the rector of the university. He published around 65 studies. Some of them discuss deontological problems or deal with medical history. He was one of the editors of two memorial volumes, one dedicated to Professor Purjesz (1906), the other to Professor Lechner (1915). He compiled the first history of the Medical Faculty in 1896. He was also one of the editors of the monographic album of the Kolozsvár University from 1903. Five of its chapters were written by him. He was awarded with the title of Court Counselor. During WWI he did much for the medical care of wounded soldiers, so he got military awards, too. A number of medical and civil associations elected him president. He died because of gastric cancer at a Budapest hospital. According to his final wish he was buried in the Házsongárd Cemetery
{"title":"Dénes Szabó (1856-1918), the Clinic-founder Professor of Gynecology, A Centennial Commemoration","authors":"G. György","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dénes Szabó (1856–1918) was the second professor of obstetrics and gynecology of the Franz Joseph University from Kolozsvár (Cluj). This is a centennial commemoration. Szabó was born in the family of a great geologist professor at Pest. He studied at the University from Budapest and Strasbourg. He took his doctor’s degree in 1879. He spent a year with medical studies in foreign countries. In 1881 he became assistant to Professor Tivadar Kézmárszky, head of the Gynecological Clinic No. I. from Budapest. He was qualified as private lecturer in gynecology in 1888. In this period he published a lot of studies and review articles in the weekly medical papers Orvosi Hetilap and Gyógyászat. The Kolozsvár professor of obstetrics János Maizner in 1892 got retired. As a result of a competition Szabó was appointed professor of both obstetrics and gynecology. Until 1899 he worked in very poor conditions in a suburb building. Then the new 2 floor hospital from Mikó Street was built, where there were separate sections for obstetrics and gynecology. There he could also train midwives during 5 month courses. He became member of the Medical section of Transylvanian Museum Society, from 1894 up to 1912 he was the editor of its review journal (Értesítő...). Most of his studies were published there. The Medical Faculty elected him three times dean, in 1905/6 he was the rector of the university. He published around 65 studies. Some of them discuss deontological problems or deal with medical history. He was one of the editors of two memorial volumes, one dedicated to Professor Purjesz (1906), the other to Professor Lechner (1915). He compiled the first history of the Medical Faculty in 1896. He was also one of the editors of the monographic album of the Kolozsvár University from 1903. Five of its chapters were written by him. He was awarded with the title of Court Counselor. During WWI he did much for the medical care of wounded soldiers, so he got military awards, too. A number of medical and civil associations elected him president. He died because of gastric cancer at a Budapest hospital. According to his final wish he was buried in the Házsongárd Cemetery","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"133 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77041962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0012
Fülöp Zsolt Zoltán, Bara Tivadar, S. Kalman, Simu Patricia, Drágus Emőke, Fülöp Réka Linda, J. János
Abstract Background Finding the appropriate treatment for advanced rectal cancer patients represents a challenge for surgeons. Determining the right diagnosis and the proper treatment requires multidisciplinary collaboration. Our aim is to present a case with advanced stage rectum cancer, who received successful multidisciplinary treatment. Material and method A prospective multidisciplinary research is being conducted at our Department from 2018 within which patients with malignant rectal cancer are examined. Patients’ treatment is realized by the same multidisciplinary team. The patient’s preoperative investigations included MRI and a lymph node map designated by radiologists. Results In case of a 60-year-old patient the preoperative MRI showed a stenotic formation in the middle level of the rectum that penetrated the seminal vesicle. During surgery, we found a 10x10 cm stenotic, perforated rectal cancer, which penetrated the bladder, seminal vesicle, prostate and sacrum, respectively a metastatic lesion in the livers 8th segment. During surgery R2 recto-sigmoid resection was performed with colostomy. The patient was mobilized on the first postoperative day and bowel movements were regained on the second day. The patient left the hospital on the eighth postoperative day. Conclusions Adequate treatment of patients with advanced rectal cancer can be achieved only through multidisciplinary co-operation. Preoperative radiological examinations are mandatory. A map representing the positive colorectal lymph nodes, implemented by the radiologists, can significantly help the surgeons and pathologists.
{"title":"Success of teamwork: diagnosis and personalized treatment of advanced rectal carcinoma - case presentation","authors":"Fülöp Zsolt Zoltán, Bara Tivadar, S. Kalman, Simu Patricia, Drágus Emőke, Fülöp Réka Linda, J. János","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Finding the appropriate treatment for advanced rectal cancer patients represents a challenge for surgeons. Determining the right diagnosis and the proper treatment requires multidisciplinary collaboration. Our aim is to present a case with advanced stage rectum cancer, who received successful multidisciplinary treatment. Material and method A prospective multidisciplinary research is being conducted at our Department from 2018 within which patients with malignant rectal cancer are examined. Patients’ treatment is realized by the same multidisciplinary team. The patient’s preoperative investigations included MRI and a lymph node map designated by radiologists. Results In case of a 60-year-old patient the preoperative MRI showed a stenotic formation in the middle level of the rectum that penetrated the seminal vesicle. During surgery, we found a 10x10 cm stenotic, perforated rectal cancer, which penetrated the bladder, seminal vesicle, prostate and sacrum, respectively a metastatic lesion in the livers 8th segment. During surgery R2 recto-sigmoid resection was performed with colostomy. The patient was mobilized on the first postoperative day and bowel movements were regained on the second day. The patient left the hospital on the eighth postoperative day. Conclusions Adequate treatment of patients with advanced rectal cancer can be achieved only through multidisciplinary co-operation. Preoperative radiological examinations are mandatory. A map representing the positive colorectal lymph nodes, implemented by the radiologists, can significantly help the surgeons and pathologists.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"113 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91037188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0017
Feith Helga Judit
Abstract The modern information and communication tools and technologies of the 21st century open up new opportunities for patients and healthcare providers, thus contributing to human health, reducing the number of morbidities and premature deaths. The application of modern technology in healthcare has resulted in a number of positive changes, but it has also been subject to multiple challenges, including legal dilemmas in this area: e.g. data management, data security and data protection, access to eHealth, etc. After a brief introduction to the legal history of healthcare and the presentation of key statistics related to the current digital situation, the main objective of the present work is to analyze the relationship between health digitalization and law. One of the key issues for successful healing in all historical eras is the legal protection and respect of patients and healthcare workers in the face of changes in the modern world. For this reason, it is important to address this unusual dimension of health care.
{"title":"Where Law and Digital Health Care Meet…","authors":"Feith Helga Judit","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The modern information and communication tools and technologies of the 21st century open up new opportunities for patients and healthcare providers, thus contributing to human health, reducing the number of morbidities and premature deaths. The application of modern technology in healthcare has resulted in a number of positive changes, but it has also been subject to multiple challenges, including legal dilemmas in this area: e.g. data management, data security and data protection, access to eHealth, etc. After a brief introduction to the legal history of healthcare and the presentation of key statistics related to the current digital situation, the main objective of the present work is to analyze the relationship between health digitalization and law. One of the key issues for successful healing in all historical eras is the legal protection and respect of patients and healthcare workers in the face of changes in the modern world. For this reason, it is important to address this unusual dimension of health care.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"182 1","pages":"79 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74384186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0006
K. Mihály, G. Árpád
Abstract Tibor Széki pharmacist, professor of pharmacy, member of the Hungarian Academy of Science, co-worker at Kolozsvár University, rector at Szeged University, professor of Budapest. He was a talented teacher, intuitive researcher, well organizing (founder of several institutes of chemistry) and public personality. His importance is beyond dispute in development of Hungarian chemical education.
{"title":"Famous Hungarian chemists and pharmacists: Tibor Széki","authors":"K. Mihály, G. Árpád","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tibor Széki pharmacist, professor of pharmacy, member of the Hungarian Academy of Science, co-worker at Kolozsvár University, rector at Szeged University, professor of Budapest. He was a talented teacher, intuitive researcher, well organizing (founder of several institutes of chemistry) and public personality. His importance is beyond dispute in development of Hungarian chemical education.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"66 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77761897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this experimental work was the enhancement of water solubility of the lipid lowering atorvastatin, by embedding it in polymer based micro sized fibers obtained by electrospinning. We prepared a polyvinylpyrrolidone (Kollidon 90F®) dispersion and added the active substance. By setting the experimental parameters we obtained four different microfibers containing atorvastatin, and one without the drug. The pH, viscosity and conductivity of the dispersions have been measured. The drug content and dissolution of atorvastatin had been studied by capillary electrophoresis. The size and thermal behavior of the fibers was determined. The parameters of the microfibers are influenced by the experimental parameters of electrospinning. The micro-method for dissolution showed a twofold solubility enhancement.
{"title":"Solubility enhancement of atorvastatin by embedding in micro sized carrier","authors":"Rédai Emőke, Zsombori Mónika, Székely-Szentmiklósi Blanka, Sipos Emese","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this experimental work was the enhancement of water solubility of the lipid lowering atorvastatin, by embedding it in polymer based micro sized fibers obtained by electrospinning. We prepared a polyvinylpyrrolidone (Kollidon 90F®) dispersion and added the active substance. By setting the experimental parameters we obtained four different microfibers containing atorvastatin, and one without the drug. The pH, viscosity and conductivity of the dispersions have been measured. The drug content and dissolution of atorvastatin had been studied by capillary electrophoresis. The size and thermal behavior of the fibers was determined. The parameters of the microfibers are influenced by the experimental parameters of electrospinning. The micro-method for dissolution showed a twofold solubility enhancement.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"47 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83516247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0002
Bába László-István, Kolcsár Melinda, Hack Beatrix, Gáll Zsolt, K. Zoltán
Abstract The endocannabinoid system (ECS) received a lot of attention ever since its discovery. Advancements of the last three decades have shown that there are numerous mechanisms by which the ECS regulates the energy metabolism. These can either be central (regulating appetite and calorie expenditure) or peripheral (adipocyte-specific and other) mechanisms. The current review highlights some of the most important observations leading to the discovery of the ECS first, followed by a part detailing the synthesis and transport of these mediators, the receptor types and second messenger systems involved. The next part is dedicated to the mechanisms by which this system regulates the energy metabolism. Lastly, the drugs that reached the clinical phase and the main targets and strategies for future drug development will be reviewed.
{"title":"The endocannabinoid system: from the receptors to therapy","authors":"Bába László-István, Kolcsár Melinda, Hack Beatrix, Gáll Zsolt, K. Zoltán","doi":"10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The endocannabinoid system (ECS) received a lot of attention ever since its discovery. Advancements of the last three decades have shown that there are numerous mechanisms by which the ECS regulates the energy metabolism. These can either be central (regulating appetite and calorie expenditure) or peripheral (adipocyte-specific and other) mechanisms. The current review highlights some of the most important observations leading to the discovery of the ECS first, followed by a part detailing the synthesis and transport of these mediators, the receptor types and second messenger systems involved. The next part is dedicated to the mechanisms by which this system regulates the energy metabolism. Lastly, the drugs that reached the clinical phase and the main targets and strategies for future drug development will be reviewed.","PeriodicalId":9334,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Medical Sciences","volume":"410 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79867684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：