Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America最新文献

Professor Paul A. Keddy peacefully passed away at his home in Carleton Place, Ontario on December 26, 2023. He will forever be regarded for his seminal contributions to wetland ecology (Keddy 2023), ecological competition (Keddy 2001), and plant ecology (Keddy 2017). His creativity and innovation advanced our conceptual understanding of plant community assembly, and he dedicated his career to applying scientific principles to the sustainable management of natural landscapes and to the conservation of species that call these landscapes home.

Norm Cyril Keddy and Dorothy Jean Keddy brought their son Paul Anthony Keddy into the world in 1953 in London, Ontario. From a very early age, Paul never hesitated to get his feet wet, whether he was conducting science fair projects on turtle conservation, observing salamanders and frogs in his beloved wetlands, or paddling down the Mississippi River on a plywood canoe. Paul's time working as a naturalist at the Algonquin Park Museum for three summers from 1971 to 1973 cemented his desire to study the natural world and to protect it (Fig. 1A). Paul studied biology (1974) at York University and obtained his Ph.D. in plant ecology (1978) from Dalhousie University under the mathematical ecologist E.C. Pielou. He served as an assistant professor at the University of Guelph (1978–1982), as an associate and full professor at the University of Ottawa (1982–1999), and as a professor and Schlieder Endowed Chair for Environmental Studies at Southeastern Louisiana University (1999–2007).

Paul constructed one of the greatest experimental, fully replicated natural marsh facilities in the world, an ecological equivalent of the radio telescope, in coastal Louisiana (Fig. 2A). The research was groundbreaking due to its complexity and scale, and its ability to determine the relative importance of competition, herbivory, and sediment as filters in controlling the species pool of a coastal marsh (Geho et al. 2007, McFalls et al. 2010). A natural extension of Paul's foundational research on wetland plant communities was his prize-winning synthesis, Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (Keddy 2023), now in its third and very recently completed edition. This book presents central and unifying themes of wetland community ecology over the global range of wetlands, highlighting general principles in the novel framework of causal factors—properties common to all wetlands, including hydrology, fertility, disturbance, competition, and herbivory; the variation in which produces the range of wetland communities and controls their diversity, zonation, and ecological services. As reviewers have said, “Paul Keddy's Wetland Ecology is quite simply one of the best books about wetlands that exists today. It should be required reading for wetland managers” (Christie 2010), and “Keddy clearly states his objectives,

These photographs illustrate the article “Contrasting roles of fungal and oomycete pathogens in mediating nitrogen addition and winter grazing effects on biomass” by Peng Zhang, Mengjiao Huang, Chaorui Chen, Kui Hu, Junsheng Ke, Mu Liu, Yao Xiao and Xiang Liu published in Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4254

Attending

President Naeem Presiding; meeting called to order at 9:00 AM EST

A. Adopt Agenda

Motion: Bruna moved to adopt the agenda. Seconded by Ramirez. All aye.

B. Conflicts/Dualities of Interest

The ED discussed the Conflict and Duality of Interest policy and requested that anyone who has a new conflict of interest declare so; none were reported.

A. Report from the Tellers Committee (Bruna)

Governing Board

Motion: Bruna moved to accept the results of the 2023 ESA election. Seconded by Ramirez. All aye.

B. Report of the President (Naeem)

President Naeem attended SACNAS and was surprised to find relatively few attendees that were working in Ecology; he would like to see greater engagement and consideration of how to increase representation at SACNAS. He would also like ESA to be bigger, bolder, and more agile; that includes greater participation in the COP meetings (ESA is an official observer and currently badges participants).

The President also summarized recent AAAS and ASLO articles on publishing revenue and societies. He informed the GB of a draft editorial being prepared on the topic; there was a discussion of the best outlet for publishing this article as well as some of the important issues to address in the discussion.

C. Report of the Executive Director and Staff (O'Riordan)

The ED presented a high-level overview of ESA's activities, including the Annual Meeting in Portland, where there was high attendance (4000) and a robust turnout of past presidents and editors. Other items raised in the review included the status of ESA's income streams, manuscript submissions, education programs, diversity initiatives, and other grant-supported projects such as the LEAPS Diversity Initiatives, 4DEE, and the Vegetation Classification Panel.

A. Strategic Planning Exercise (Hampton/Pratt)

President-Elect Hampton provided an update on efforts to take the temperature of the membership, allowing the Strategic Planning (SP) Working Group to work on the SP draft.

It was noted that the previous strategic plan had excellent goals, so there was no need to start from scratch.

Planning consultant Pratt then introduced the SP working group planning process, and the GB was invited to provide input on the topic “Defining the Desired Future.” The GB was asked to break into small groups to discuss the prompt “What does the ESA of 2030 look like?” with questions for discussions including “What do revenue streams look like? How many members does it have? What do the focal programs look like?”

Among the issues raised by the small groups and then discussed by the GB were how big the ESA could or should become, the importance of predictable revenue streams, and expanding the scope of ESA membership. Ther

These photographs illustrate the article “Wood warbler population dynamics in response to mast seeding regimes in Europe” by Nino Maag, Fränzi Korner-Nievergelt, Jakub Szymkowiak, Natalia Hałas, Marta Maziarz, Grzegorz Neubauer, Shannon Buckley Luepold, Sandro Carlotti, Michael Schaub, Martin Flade, Daniel Scherrer, Alex Grendelmeier, Michael Riess, Pablo Stelbrink, and Gilberto Pasinelli published in Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4227

Sharon E. Kingsland is well known and respected by ecologists and historians of science for her many papers and several books on the history of ecology. Her most recent book is A Lab For All Seasons: the laboratory revolution in modern botany and the rise of physiological plant ecology, Yale University Press. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 investigates the origin and development of the Phytotron; Part 2, the spread of the phytotron idea in its development around the world; and Part 3, the emergence and synthesis of ecology resulting in physiological ecology. This book is actually several books in one and many pages are often a gold mine of discussion of smaller topics. You can open the book at almost any page and find interesting information. Because of the diversity of topics, this book has an excellent index that helps you find many of these small topics. The book is a must read if you are interested in the development of ecology in the early postwar years. For anyone wishing an in-depth look at the individuals and the research endeavors in physiological ecology (in its widest sense), you will be amply rewarded.

Phytotrons are the name given to complex environmental chambers developed at Caltech in the 1930s and onward by Fritz Went and many others. You have to be of a certain age, remembering the post-World War II era and the emergence of the modern research university in the 1950s and 60s, to understand the excitement and potential that the development of a phytotron caused in the emerging experimental science of ecology. The phytotron raised the possibility of being able to create a chamber of diverse sizes to “create weather” where you could manipulate different combinations of environmental variables in a reproducible experimental design. In fact, you might eventually be able to have the weather differ in parts of a single phytotron.

The idea of a phytotron can be traced to Fritz Went's single-minded enthusiasm and his European research lineage from his father back to Julius Sachs' ideas in “Experimental Plant Physiology” (German edition, 1874 and English addition, 1882). One of Sachs' illuminating ideas was that plants had growth substances that moved through the plant affecting processes. Later, these were called auxins or plant hormones. This and other ideas provided a foundation that would require experiments in controlled environments. Thus, some kind of device, which allowed controlling of the plants' environment in a reproducible manner, could take both ecology and physiology from a descriptive and correlational methods into a more controlled and experimental discipline. From the very beginning the development of phytotrons pushed the engineering design capacities of the times and the conceptual ideas of what was to be physiological ecology. It made Fritz Went what today we would call a science entrepreneur.

The first half of Kingsland's book is about how Fritz Went energized many people eve

These photographs illustrate the article “Phylogeography and climate shape the quantitative genetic landscape and range-wide plasticity of a prevalent conifer” by Jordi Voltas, Ramon Amigó, Tatiana A. Shestakova, Giovanni di Matteo, Raquel Díaz, and Rafael Zas published in Ecological Monographs. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1596

COVER PHOTO: A pair of juvenile mangrove whiprays (Urogymnus granulatus) slowly glide across the substrate under the shade of a red mangrove tree (Rhizophora stylosa) in Great Barrier Reef Marine Park at Geoffrey Bay, Magnetic Island, Queensland, Australia. This photo was taken on February 2nd 2018, during the production of a photographic series that recorded the world-first observation of how aggregating juvenile mangrove whiprays can produce loud clicking sounds in response to their environment as an agonistic display, either to warn off and startle predators or to signal to other nearby juveniles to aggregate in defense. That observation was published in Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3812. Additional images appear in this issue of the Bulletin's Photo Gallery. Photo credit: José Javier Delgado Esteban.

These photographs illustrate the article “The effectiveness of species distribution models in predicting local abundance depends on model grain size,” published by M. Brambilla, G. Bazzi, and L. Ilahiane in Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4224

Priyanga Amarasekare's pathbreaking research career as an ecologist was eloquently outlined in her outstanding MacArthur lecture, “Non-linearity, variability and emergent patterns: an integrative Perspective” presented at the 2023 Ecological Society Meeting in Portland, Oregon. Her initial work on coexistence of competitors in metacommunities showed how competition-dispersal trade-offs generalize beyond plants and was used to provide vital insights into biological control of insect pests in Southern California. She has since extended the classical framework of species interactions to highlight multiple conflicting eco-evo drivers of coexistence and exclusion. In her MacArthur lecture, she outlined a new synthetic theory of how rate-controlled traits and thermal reaction norms are likely to determine persistence, coexistence, and range expansion/contraction under ongoing climate change (available from ESA at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOO-vzAZHsk).

Priyanga began her dual research programs on theory and experiments as a Ph.D. student with Dr. Steve Frank at UC Irvine after a Master's at the University of Hawaii. She developed a new spatial theory for species interactions as a member of the first outstanding crop of NCEAS postdocs, a group that produced many of the leading ecologists of her generation. Her 2-year postdoc at NCEAS was highly productive, but all too brief, as word got out and soon Yale, the University of Washington, and the University of Chicago were competing for her. She quickly found herself as an Assistant Professor in UChicago's prestigious Department of Ecology and Evolution.

In 2001, as a freshly minted assistant professor at UChicago, Dr. Amarasekare won the Young Investigator Prize from the American Society of Naturalists. She continued to work on the mathematics of dispersal and coexistence in metacommunities, and the stimulating intellectual environment at UChicago encouraged her to think about the evolutionary underpinnings of population persistence and species coexistence. In 2005, while still an assistant professor, she was elected President of ESA's Theoretical Ecology section. In time though she began to miss the sun and warmth of Southern California where she has done her fieldwork for many years, this led her to take a position at UCLA where she hoped to find a set of collaborative and interactive colleagues. There, for nearly two decades, she conducted fieldwork on insect host-parasitoid communities, while developing a new cutting-edge theory on temperature effects on population dynamics and species interactions. This work has garnered her numerous accolades including a Complex Systems Scholar Award from the James S. McDonnell Foundation, and the prestigious Guggenheim fellowship. In 2017, Dr. Amarasekare was elected a fellow of the Ecological Society of America (ESA). In 2022, she won the Robert H. MacArthur award from ESA, the highest honor a mid-career ecologist can receive. She is only the f

This photograph illustrates the article “Forest restoration treatments indirectly diversify pollination networks via floral- and temperature-mediated effects” by C.B. Davies, T.S. Davis, and T. Griswold published in Ecological Applications. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2927