Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9787
M. Duda, C. Matei, D. Vârban, S. Muntean, C. Moldovan
Agastache foeniculum is a recent species cultivated in Romania. The species has the advantage that it can withstand low winter temperatures in the Transylvanian Plain, up to -25º C in soil covered with snow. Another major advantage of the species is that from its total mass, the plant foliage prevails which provides feedstock production materials for medicinal purposes. In the research conducted in 2011-2012 in the experimental field of Jucu were pursued issues regarding morphology, biology and plant phenology as well as productivity elements and finally the production of herba which can be done by the species in two periods of planting and three densities. It was cultivated a local population through seedling in two periods (26.04.2011 and 21.05.2011) at densities of 47 619 plants/ha (30 cm x 70 cm), 35 714 plants/ha (40 cm x 70 cm) and 28 517 plants/ha (50 cm x 70 cm). The experiences location was done by the method of subdivided parcels with 2 factors (time and planting density) in three repetitions. The surface of the experimental plot was 3 m2. Statistical interpretation was made by variance analysis method with one, two, and three factors and interpretation of the results, highlighting the significance of differences after the multiple comparisons test (Duncan test) and Student test. From measurements made ​​at green plants it resulted that leaves represent a significant share of 37.98% of the total mass of the plant, 30.8% branches, main stem 10.44% and 20.78% inflorescences . If dried plant leaves have the highest share from the total plant of 35.89%, followed by branches (25.75%), flowers (19.04%) and 19.32% stems. The results justify the extension of the cultivation of this plant in the Transylvanian Plain, harvested herba with an important phytotherapy value.
小茴香是最近在罗马尼亚栽培的一种。该物种的优势在于它可以承受特兰西瓦尼亚平原冬季的低温，在积雪覆盖的土壤中高达-25ºC。该物种的另一个主要优势是，从itsÂ总质量来看，植物叶片占主导地位，为药用目的提供原料生产材料。2011-2012年在巨豆试验田进行的研究，对巨豆的形态、生物学和植物物候学以及生产力要素进行了研究，最终研究了该物种在两个种植期和三个密度下的中草药产量。在两个时期(2011年4月26日和2011年5月21日)通过苗木栽培当地种群，密度分别为47 619株/ha (30 cm × 70 cm)、35 714株/ha (40 cm × 70 cm)和28 517株/ha (50 cm × 70 cm)。经验定位是通过两个因素(时间和种植密度)在三个重复中细分地块的方法完成的。试验田面积为3平方米。采用一、二、三因素方差分析方法进行统计解释，并对结果进行解释，强调经多重比较检验(Duncan检验)和Student检验后差异的显著性。对绿色植物的测量结果表明，叶片占植物总质量的37.98%，分枝占30.8%，主茎占10.44%，花序占20.78%。干植物叶片所占比例最高，为35.89%，其次是枝条(25.75%)、花(19.04%)和茎(19.32%)。该结果证明了在特兰西瓦尼亚平原推广种植这种植物，收获的草药具有重要的植物治疗价值。
{"title":"The Results of Cultivating the Species Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze at Jucu, CJ","authors":"M. Duda, C. Matei, D. Vârban, S. Muntean, C. Moldovan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9787","url":null,"abstract":"Agastache foeniculum is a recent species cultivated in Romania. The species has the advantage that it can withstand low winter temperatures in the Transylvanian Plain, up to -25º C in soil covered with snow. Another major advantage of the species is that from its total mass, the plant foliage prevails which provides feedstock production materials for medicinal purposes. In the research conducted in 2011-2012 in the experimental field of Jucu were pursued issues regarding morphology, biology and plant phenology as well as productivity elements and finally the production of herba which can be done by the species in two periods of planting and three densities. It was cultivated a local population through seedling in two periods (26.04.2011 and 21.05.2011) at densities of 47 619 plants/ha (30 cm x 70 cm), 35 714 plants/ha (40 cm x 70 cm) and 28 517 plants/ha (50 cm x 70 cm). The experiences location was done by the method of subdivided parcels with 2 factors (time and planting density) in three repetitions. The surface of the experimental plot was 3 m2. Statistical interpretation was made by variance analysis method with one, two, and three factors and interpretation of the results, highlighting the significance of differences after the multiple comparisons test (Duncan test) and Student test. From measurements made ​​at green plants it resulted that leaves represent a significant share of 37.98% of the total mass of the plant, 30.8% branches, main stem 10.44% and 20.78% inflorescences . If dried plant leaves have the highest share from the total plant of 35.89%, followed by branches (25.75%), flowers (19.04%) and 19.32% stems. The results justify the extension of the cultivation of this plant in the Transylvanian Plain, harvested herba with an important phytotherapy value.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80350021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9778
M. Burcea, E. Georgescu, A. Burcea
Researches presented, are the subject of study on the evolution of soil quality indicators of Romanian Plain, where mainly is chernozem soil type, as a consequence of irrigation. To achieve the objectives we have studied some physical indicators of soil ( bulk density and total porosity ) în the territory concerned, the interpretation of analytical results been performed according to the proper methodology, after taking soil samplings from pedogenetic horizons. Through an analysis of the evolution of chernozem’s soil compaction, due to irrigation’s application, it highlights different soil compaction status correlated with the physical condition of the soil. If irrigated soil, in maize crop, loosening is moderate în the layer 0-10 cm, with values of 1.20 g/cm3,after applying every year of irrigation, it indicates values ranging în a fairly widely, from small (moderately loose soil, with bulk density of 1.23 g/cm3) , the medium ( soil poorly compacted, bulk density was 1.45 g/cm3) . Total porosity values are down slightly throughout the soil profile under the influence of irrigation, values are în the range middle - very high. After applying irrigation are observed physical changes, that induced changes in the balances resulting from damage to structure and structure to appear grainy dust structure and consequently the tendency of poor compaction and physical change of the soil.
{"title":"Maximizing the Positive Impacts of Irrigation and Its Influence on the Settlement of Soil Particles","authors":"M. Burcea, E. Georgescu, A. Burcea","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9778","url":null,"abstract":"Researches presented, are the subject of study on the evolution of soil quality indicators of Romanian Plain, where mainly is chernozem soil type, as a consequence of irrigation. To achieve the objectives we have studied some physical indicators of soil ( bulk density and total porosity ) în the territory concerned, the interpretation of analytical results been performed according to the proper methodology, after taking soil samplings from pedogenetic horizons. Through an analysis of the evolution of chernozem’s soil compaction, due to irrigation’s application, it highlights different soil compaction status correlated with the physical condition of the soil. If irrigated soil, in maize crop, loosening is moderate în the layer 0-10 cm, with values of 1.20 g/cm3,after applying every year of irrigation, it indicates values ranging în a fairly widely, from small (moderately loose soil, with bulk density of 1.23 g/cm3) , the medium ( soil poorly compacted, bulk density was 1.45 g/cm3) . Total porosity values are down slightly throughout the soil profile under the influence of irrigation, values are în the range middle - very high. After applying irrigation are observed physical changes, that induced changes in the balances resulting from damage to structure and structure to appear grainy dust structure and consequently the tendency of poor compaction and physical change of the soil.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77678113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9790
Liviu Tomoș, G. Morar
The goal of organic and biodynamic production methods is to create and maintain a balance between the environment protection and the growing technology for each crop tipe, beginning with the soil tillage system wich is aimed to ensure harmony and keeps a balance between the natural resources and the crop needs. The yields level depends mostly on the optimum application of all the technological sequences beginning with the soil selection and finishing with the crop harvesting. The agricultural product obtained has to be satisfactory both in quantity and quality. Nowadays, although the quantity is very important, more often the stress lays on quality; consumers being more and more oriented towards healthy food which has a great contribution to the living standard enhancement.
{"title":"Research Concerning the Tehnology of Autumn Wheat Culture within Ecological and Bio-dynamic Systems","authors":"Liviu Tomoș, G. Morar","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9790","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of organic and biodynamic production methods is to create and maintain a balance between the environment protection and the growing technology for each crop tipe, beginning with the soil tillage system wich is aimed to ensure harmony and keeps a balance between the natural resources and the crop needs. The yields level depends mostly on the optimum application of all the technological sequences beginning with the soil selection and finishing with the crop harvesting. The agricultural product obtained has to be satisfactory both in quantity and quality. Nowadays, although the quantity is very important, more often the stress lays on quality; consumers being more and more oriented towards healthy food which has a great contribution to the living standard enhancement.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76770291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9782
O. Ranta, I. Drocaș, S. Stănilă, A. Molnár, M. Muntean, O. Marian
In the case of no tillage radical changes are to be noticed in relationship to the conditions of conventional technology. No-till technology doesn’t require any processing of the soil on the whole working width but only on the narrow range; depth is reduced (max.10.cm) and crop residues remain on the surface. In these circumstances the entire aero-hydric soil system is different from conventional technology and soil characteristics (structure, density, permeability) are also different.The no-till machines can be equipped with chisel coulters or disc type furrow. Each of these options has advantages and disadvantages in terms of functionality and technology. This paper proposes a critical comparative analysis between two sections of the no-till machine equipped with specific coulter chisel and clutch disc type to identify the best solution for seedbed preparation and ensure maximum contact of the seeds with the surrounding soil.
{"title":"Influence the Coulter Type on the Seed - Soil Contact in No-till Technology","authors":"O. Ranta, I. Drocaș, S. Stănilă, A. Molnár, M. Muntean, O. Marian","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9782","url":null,"abstract":"In the case of no tillage radical changes are to be noticed in relationship to the conditions of conventional technology. No-till technology doesn’t require any processing of the soil on the whole working width but only on the narrow range; depth is reduced (max.10.cm) and crop residues remain on the surface. In these circumstances the entire aero-hydric soil system is different from conventional technology and soil characteristics (structure, density, permeability) are also different.The no-till machines can be equipped with chisel coulters or disc type furrow. Each of these options has advantages and disadvantages in terms of functionality and technology. This paper proposes a critical comparative analysis between two sections of the no-till machine equipped with specific coulter chisel and clutch disc type to identify the best solution for seedbed preparation and ensure maximum contact of the seeds with the surrounding soil.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82675317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9767
R. Vidican, V. Stoian, I. Rotar, F. Păcurar
Intensification of natural ecosystems may be beneficial for a series of plants, which are favored to become the dominant at the level of grass cover. However, no matter how low would be the inputs applied, the first effects are observed in the symbiotic organisms of existing plants in the ecosystem. Adaptation of plants and soil microorganisms to environmental conditions have made the type and dosage of fertilizer applied to become factors with limiting effect on the balanced evolution of mycorrhizal fungi. For mycorrhizal colonization of Festuca rubra plant, climatic factors play a small role, from this consideration is necessary to identify the dose and type of fertilizer to ensure the stability in time of colonization parameters. To study the effect of increasing soil nutrient resources on the mycorrhizal colonization parameters in Festuca rubra, we set up an experiment with six degrees of fertilization, in addition to unfertilized control were applied to two types of organic fertilization and three types of mineral fertilization. Balancing the colonization and reducing fluctuations in time of colonization parameters is influenced in a high degree by nitrogen, whether it comes from manure or synthetic fertilizers. At the end of growing season it is observed the superiority of combined fertilizers ( manure + NPK or Eurofertil mezocalc supplemented with nitrogen) , which ensure the highest values of the colonization degree.
{"title":"The Variation of Mycorrhizal Colonization Parameters in Festuca Rubra under the Influence of Climatic Factors and Differentiated Fertilization","authors":"R. Vidican, V. Stoian, I. Rotar, F. Păcurar","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9767","url":null,"abstract":"Intensification of natural ecosystems may be beneficial for a series of plants, which are favored to become the dominant at the level of grass cover. However, no matter how low would be the inputs applied, the first effects are observed in the symbiotic organisms of existing plants in the ecosystem. Adaptation of plants and soil microorganisms to environmental conditions have made the type and dosage of fertilizer applied to become factors with limiting effect on the balanced evolution of mycorrhizal fungi. For mycorrhizal colonization of Festuca rubra plant, climatic factors play a small role, from this consideration is necessary to identify the dose and type of fertilizer to ensure the stability in time of colonization parameters. To study the effect of increasing soil nutrient resources on the mycorrhizal colonization parameters in Festuca rubra, we set up an experiment with six degrees of fertilization, in addition to unfertilized control were applied to two types of organic fertilization and three types of mineral fertilization. Balancing the colonization and reducing fluctuations in time of colonization parameters is influenced in a high degree by nitrogen, whether it comes from manure or synthetic fertilizers. At the end of growing season it is observed the superiority of combined fertilizers ( manure + NPK or Eurofertil mezocalc supplemented with nitrogen) , which ensure the highest values of the colonization degree.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82675397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9768
Didier Huygens, I. Rotar, R. Vidican, Florin Pä‚Curar, L. Carlier, Anamaria Mä‚Linaș
The maintenance of semi-natural grasslands within the mountainous landscape is deeply influenced by fertilization. Application of fertilizer will cause changes in the chemical composition of the plant and will increase the palatability, decreasing the denials. One should apply fertilizers taking into account the way of exploitation of the grassland. If the grasslands are grazed, much of the nutrients return into the meadow by manure, fattening being more important than on mowed lawns where all the nutrients taken from plants are exported. The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers upon semi-natural grassland’s plant diversity on different soil types. The research was carried out in Apuseni Mountains, in an experimental field with one experience with organic fertilizers ( T1 control, T2 10 t ha-1manure, T3 20 t ha-1 manure, T4 30 t ha-1 manure ) . Mineral fertilizers complex NPK 20:10:10 ratio was applied in three quantities: 50N 25P 25 K, 100N 50P 50K, and 150N 75P 75 K. The results showed that the largest quantities of mineral fertilizers generated a considerable decrease of plant diversity. For future management actions that are meant to maintain plant diversity in Apuseni Mountains, the organic fertilization with 10 t ha-1 manure quantities administrated annually or once on two years. In conclusion is justified to make organic treatments on Preluvosol Rodic soil type and mineral treatments on Eutricambosol Rendzinic soil type.
山地半自然草地的维持深受施肥的影响。施用化肥会改变植物的化学成分，增加其适口性，减少拒斥。施肥应考虑到草原的开发利用方式。如果草地被放牧，大部分营养物质会通过粪便返回到草地上，这比在修剪过的草坪上更重要，因为在修剪过的草坪上，所有从植物中吸取的营养物质都被输出了。本文旨在评价有机肥和矿肥对不同土壤类型半天然草地植物多样性的影响。研究在Apuseni山区的一个试验田进行，试验田采用1次有机fertilizers (T1对照，T2 10 t ha-1肥，T3 20 t ha-1肥，T4 30 t ha-1肥)。复合肥NPK 20:10:10按50N - 25P - 25k、100N - 50P - 50K、150N - 75P - 75k施用。结果表明，施用最大量的矿质肥料会使植物多样性显著降低。对于未来旨在维持Apuseni山脉植物多样性的管理行动，每年或每两年进行一次10吨/公顷有机肥的有机施肥。综上所述，有机肥处理适用于前驱烟碱型土壤，矿肥处理适用于真核烟碱型土壤。
{"title":"The Influence of Different Type of Management upon the Floristic Structure of Grasslands Systems, with Special Attention on Arnica montana L.","authors":"Didier Huygens, I. Rotar, R. Vidican, Florin Pä‚Curar, L. Carlier, Anamaria Mä‚Linaș","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9768","url":null,"abstract":"The maintenance of semi-natural grasslands within the mountainous landscape is deeply influenced by fertilization. Application of fertilizer will cause changes in the chemical composition of the plant and will increase the palatability, decreasing the denials. One should apply fertilizers taking into account the way of exploitation of the grassland. If the grasslands are grazed, much of the nutrients return into the meadow by manure, fattening being more important than on mowed lawns where all the nutrients taken from plants are exported. The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers upon semi-natural grassland’s plant diversity on different soil types. The research was carried out in Apuseni Mountains, in an experimental field with one experience with organic fertilizers ( T1 control, T2 10 t ha-1manure, T3 20 t ha-1 manure, T4 30 t ha-1 manure ) . Mineral fertilizers complex NPK 20:10:10 ratio was applied in three quantities: 50N 25P 25 K, 100N 50P 50K, and 150N 75P 75 K. The results showed that the largest quantities of mineral fertilizers generated a considerable decrease of plant diversity. For future management actions that are meant to maintain plant diversity in Apuseni Mountains, the organic fertilization with 10 t ha-1 manure quantities administrated annually or once on two years. In conclusion is justified to make organic treatments on Preluvosol Rodic soil type and mineral treatments on Eutricambosol Rendzinic soil type.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90696336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9805
I. Drocaș, O. Marian, Ioan Budä‚Can, M. Muntean
Grinding is the operation to reduce the geometrical dimensions of the particles by destroying their physical integrity, as a result of mechanical action on the material. Grinding operation efficiency consist in the conversion with minimum power consumption and maximum productivity gave one solid material in a powdery or granular product size and shape required. In this paper we determined that using a sieve with greater opening can reduce the energy consumption by 32%.
{"title":"Influence of Sieve Openings Size for Hammer Mills on the Degree of Shredding and Grinding Energy Consumption for Maize","authors":"I. Drocaș, O. Marian, Ioan Budä‚Can, M. Muntean","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9805","url":null,"abstract":"Grinding is the operation to reduce the geometrical dimensions of the particles by destroying their physical integrity, as a result of mechanical action on the material. Grinding operation efficiency consist in the conversion with minimum power consumption and maximum productivity gave one solid material in a powdery or granular product size and shape required. In this paper we determined that using a sieve with greater opening can reduce the energy consumption by 32%.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9799
D. Bordea, I. Oroian, R. Pop, A. Odagiu, Adrian Milä‚Șan
Erwinia carotovora is an important threat for potato cultures, producing the soft rot disease. The strategies of fight against soft rot disease also takes into consideration the possibility of using unconventional, environmentally friendly products, as extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L.), or even selenium enriched garlic as control agents for Erwinia carotovora. The aim of this study is to emphasize the effects of different concentrations of aqueous garlic and organic selenium enriched garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts upon Erwinia carotovora bacteria isolated from potato. Aqueous extracts were prepared from fresh bulbs of Allium sativum L. and organic selenium enriched Allium sativum L. as 100% concentration, and aliquote parts were isolated in order to prepare 10%, and 20%, dilutions were prepared. The disc diffusion method was chosen for determining antibacterial activity of aqueous garlic extracts. The STATISTICA 7.0 v. soft was used for basic statistics, and testing the significance of differences between experimental variants. The 20% aqueous solution produces a diameter of inhibition was in average of 12.28 mm and 10% aqueous garlic an average diameter of 11.95 mm. The differences were statistically not significant. The most important performances were recorded for 20% aqueous solution of selenium enriched garlic that emphasized the highest activity against Erwinia carotovora (87.71% zone of inhibition).
胡萝卜Erwinia carotovora是马铃薯栽培的重要威胁，产生软腐病。防治软腐病的策略还考虑到使用非常规、环保产品的可能性，如大蒜提取物(Allium sativum L.)，甚至富含硒的大蒜作为胡萝卜Erwinia carotovora的防治剂。本研究的目的是研究不同浓度大蒜和有机硒大蒜(Allium sativum L.)提取物对马铃薯胡萝卜欧文菌(Erwinia carotovora)的影响。以新鲜大蒜鳞茎和有机富硒大蒜鳞茎为原料，分别以100%的浓度制备水浸提液，分离aliquote部分，分别配制10%和20%的稀释液。采用圆盘扩散法测定大蒜水提物的抑菌活性。采用STATISTICA 7.0 v. soft软件进行基础统计，并检验实验变量间差异的显著性。20%水溶液对大蒜的抑制直径平均为12.28 mm, 10%水溶液对大蒜的抑制直径平均为11.95 mm。差异无统计学意义。20%富硒大蒜水溶液对胡萝卜欧文菌(Erwinia carotovora)的抑制率最高，达到87.71%。
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Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9788
V. Deac, I. Rotar, A. Malinas
Rich in high nutritional value protein, likely to the protein of animal origin, soybean is considered to be “a golden plant†or “wonder plantâ€, aimed to resolve global protein deficiency (insuring in present 60% of humanity’s protein requirements). The mature seeds are used in human nutrition. The most important role which soybean has is related to its capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen without any efforts from farmers. The symbiosis which results from the relation between plant and Bradyrhizobium japonicum ensures 50% of the nitrogen needed for plants growth and development and after harvest remain in soil between 80 and 120 kg N. ONIX variety is made on S.C.D.A. Turda and registered in the year 2002. This variety is highly resistant to falling, shaking and specific diseases. It’s an early variety which is included in maturity group 00, with a vegetation period of 123 days. Having a high protein content of 40,1%, and 21% fats this variety is superior under this aspect to the others varieties created on S.C.D.A. Turda. The research were undertaken on S.C.D.A. Turda on the period 2009 - 2011, on a polifactorial experience of 3x5x5 type, installed after the subdivided parcels method. The experience has as factors: the year (2009-2011), the fertilization with phosphorus (P0, P40, P80, P120, P160) and the fertilization with nitrogen (N0, N25, N50, N75, N100). The highest soybean yields were registered taking into account the specific of this crop related to the presence of nitrogen fixation bacteria. Soybean production levels confirm the framing of central area of Romania as a very favorable area for this crop and in conclusion it is recommended to expand the cultivated areas.
{"title":"Basic Fertilization with Mineral Fertilizers in Soybean Crop","authors":"V. Deac, I. Rotar, A. Malinas","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9788","url":null,"abstract":"Rich in high nutritional value protein, likely to the protein of animal origin, soybean is considered to be “a golden plant†or “wonder plantâ€, aimed to resolve global protein deficiency (insuring in present 60% of humanity’s protein requirements). The mature seeds are used in human nutrition. The most important role which soybean has is related to its capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen without any efforts from farmers. The symbiosis which results from the relation between plant and Bradyrhizobium japonicum ensures 50% of the nitrogen needed for plants growth and development and after harvest remain in soil between 80 and 120 kg N. ONIX variety is made on S.C.D.A. Turda and registered in the year 2002. This variety is highly resistant to falling, shaking and specific diseases. It’s an early variety which is included in maturity group 00, with a vegetation period of 123 days. Having a high protein content of 40,1%, and 21% fats this variety is superior under this aspect to the others varieties created on S.C.D.A. Turda. The research were undertaken on S.C.D.A. Turda on the period 2009 - 2011, on a polifactorial experience of 3x5x5 type, installed after the subdivided parcels method. The experience has as factors: the year (2009-2011), the fertilization with phosphorus (P0, P40, P80, P120, P160) and the fertilization with nitrogen (N0, N25, N50, N75, N100). The highest soybean yields were registered taking into account the specific of this crop related to the presence of nitrogen fixation bacteria. Soybean production levels confirm the framing of central area of Romania as a very favorable area for this crop and in conclusion it is recommended to expand the cultivated areas.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90178754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9797
M. Berca, R. Horoias, S. Cristea
The paper intends to present the soil quality effect (CWS), given by the National Institute of Soil Science official creditworthiness marks on the Burnas Plain wheat yield. In this way is created the scientific basis for new technologies (varieties) that are about to provide a better exploitation of the soil and of its characteristics, as well as the influence of biotic and abiotic factors (water, heat) from Burnas Plain, a significant wheat growing area. There has been found a positive correlation between soil quality and yield. It was also observed that increasing technologies are reducing the differences of production in order to equalize between yields on poorer soils compared to the richest. Therefore, the soil working technologies solves numerous defects of poor or degraded soils. For this, the working capital is decisive and so is the agricultural science well applied.
{"title":"Research Regarding the Importance of Soil Quality Index (Creditworthiness - CWS) on Wheat Yield and on Soil Conservation in Burnas Plain","authors":"M. Berca, R. Horoias, S. Cristea","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:9797","url":null,"abstract":"The paper intends to present the soil quality effect (CWS), given by the National Institute of Soil Science official creditworthiness marks on the Burnas Plain wheat yield. In this way is created the scientific basis for new technologies (varieties) that are about to provide a better exploitation of the soil and of its characteristics, as well as the influence of biotic and abiotic factors (water, heat) from Burnas Plain, a significant wheat growing area. There has been found a positive correlation between soil quality and yield. It was also observed that increasing technologies are reducing the differences of production in order to equalize between yields on poorer soils compared to the richest. Therefore, the soil working technologies solves numerous defects of poor or degraded soils. For this, the working capital is decisive and so is the agricultural science well applied.","PeriodicalId":9362,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78735634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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