Pub Date : 2021-05-16DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2021.0004
Mariana Alexandra Piţurlea, A. Pintea, Florina Copaciu, Elena Gherasim, Cristina Tudor
The present study investigated the carotenoid content and composition of several commercial eggs produced in different housing systems and the amount of macular xanthophylls that becomes available for absorption by the intestinal cells (bio-accessible) after the ingestion of boiled organic egg yolks. The highest total carotenoid content was observed in the case of organic egg yolks (7.02 mg/100 g). Carotenoid concentration varied not only between egg yolks obtained through different housing methods (free-range, barn and battery-cage), but also between egg yolks from the same housing method obtained by different producers. Except for organic egg yolks that had lutein and zeaxanthin as the major carotenoids, canthaxanthin was observed in all the investigated egg yolks to a different extent. Both lutein and zeaxanthin displayed a high bioaccessibility from boiled organic egg yolks, 86% and 91%, respectively).
{"title":"Carotenoid Content and Profile of Some Commercially Available Eggs and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Lutein and Zeaxanthin from Organic Egg Yolks","authors":"Mariana Alexandra Piţurlea, A. Pintea, Florina Copaciu, Elena Gherasim, Cristina Tudor","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the carotenoid content and composition of several commercial eggs produced in different housing systems and the amount of macular xanthophylls that becomes available for absorption by the intestinal cells (bio-accessible) after the ingestion of boiled organic egg yolks. The highest total carotenoid content was observed in the case of organic egg yolks (7.02 mg/100 g). Carotenoid concentration varied not only between egg yolks obtained through different housing methods (free-range, barn and battery-cage), but also between egg yolks from the same housing method obtained by different producers. Except for organic egg yolks that had lutein and zeaxanthin as the major carotenoids, canthaxanthin was observed in all the investigated egg yolks to a different extent. Both lutein and zeaxanthin displayed a high bioaccessibility from boiled organic egg yolks, 86% and 91%, respectively).","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"33 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91337873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-16DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2020.0053
R. Duliński, M. Zdaniewicz, A. Pater
Relatively high levels of phytates in buckwheat malt and the low activity of endogenous phytases that limit the effective use of substrates for fermentation and yeast metabolism (starch, proteins, minerals) are an argument for using phytases in beer production technology. Two mash-in programs were applied: (1) the Congress program, typical for basic raw materials, (2) a program with temperature optimized for phytase activity. Commercial preparations of 3-phytase (Finase P) and 6-phytase (Ronozyme) were used in the study. Monitored levels of selected fermentable sugars indicates a statistically significant effect of phytase addition on the glucose content in both mash-in programs used. The SEC-HPLC chromatography allowed to select a key polypeptide with an estimated molecular weight of 40 kDa, whose relative peak area decreases as a result of the applied mashincrease treatment with phosphorolytic enzymes, although this relation was not statistically confirmed in the analysis of free amino acids content. The analyses carried out also indicate that apart from the target molecules, namely phytate and inositol, the use of phytases in the process of buckwheat wort preparation slightly changes the profile of fermentable sugars and causes significant changes in the polypeptide profile of the final mash.
{"title":"Effect of Phytase Addition to Buckwheat Wort on the Selected Fermentable Sugars, Polypeptide Profile and Nitrogen Content from Free Aminoacids","authors":"R. Duliński, M. Zdaniewicz, A. Pater","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2020.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2020.0053","url":null,"abstract":"Relatively high levels of phytates in buckwheat malt and the low activity of endogenous phytases that limit the effective use of substrates for fermentation and yeast metabolism (starch, proteins, minerals) are an argument for using phytases in beer production technology. Two mash-in programs were applied: (1) the Congress program, typical for basic raw materials, (2) a program with temperature optimized for phytase activity. Commercial preparations of 3-phytase (Finase P) and 6-phytase (Ronozyme) were used in the study. Monitored levels of selected fermentable sugars indicates a statistically significant effect of phytase addition on the glucose content in both mash-in programs used. The SEC-HPLC chromatography allowed to select a key polypeptide with an estimated molecular weight of 40 kDa, whose relative peak area decreases as a result of the applied mashincrease treatment with phosphorolytic enzymes, although this relation was not statistically confirmed in the analysis of free amino acids content. The analyses carried out also indicate that apart from the target molecules, namely phytate and inositol, the use of phytases in the process of buckwheat wort preparation slightly changes the profile of fermentable sugars and causes significant changes in the polypeptide profile of the final mash.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"51 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86871315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2021.0001
C. Albu, A. Maxim, Raluca-Maria Pârlici
Among the main problems encountered with crop plants, the most important one is represented by genetic erosion. At world level this issue has been debated within the Convention on Biodiversity adopted in UN Conference of Rio de Janeiro and The International Convention regarding Genetic Resources of Plants for Alimentation and Agriculture. In Europe, the regulations in this field are made by the European Directive 98/95 EEC. Across time tomatoes have suffered a heightened process of genetic diversity, phenomenon caused by industrialized farming which is based on the use of very uniform varieties with high productivity. The extension of green agriculture, has led to the use of landraces, because they respond best to the traditional farming systems. In Western Europe organizations of peasants had been founded and, they are involved in different activities aiming at conservation of traditional forms of agriculture and the use of old varieties. In Romania the institutions with continuous preoccupations in the field of vegetal genetic conservation, especially landraces, are the Gene Bank from Suceava and UASMV Cluj-Napoca. By using conservation methods (in situ and ex situ), the genetic erosion surely phenomenon of vegetal genetic resources, implicitly tomatoes, is reduced, the future generations will benefit from valuable genetic resources.
{"title":"Conservation of Genetic Diversity of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)","authors":"C. Albu, A. Maxim, Raluca-Maria Pârlici","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Among the main problems encountered with crop plants, the most important one is represented by genetic erosion. At world level this issue has been debated within the Convention on Biodiversity adopted in UN Conference of Rio de Janeiro and The International Convention regarding Genetic Resources of Plants for Alimentation and Agriculture. In Europe, the regulations in this field are made by the European Directive 98/95 EEC. Across time tomatoes have suffered a heightened process of genetic diversity, phenomenon caused by industrialized farming which is based on the use of very uniform varieties with high productivity. The extension of green agriculture, has led to the use of landraces, because they respond best to the traditional farming systems. In Western Europe organizations of peasants had been founded and, they are involved in different activities aiming at conservation of traditional forms of agriculture and the use of old varieties. In Romania the institutions with continuous preoccupations in the field of vegetal genetic conservation, especially landraces, are the Gene Bank from Suceava and UASMV Cluj-Napoca. By using conservation methods (in situ and ex situ), the genetic erosion surely phenomenon of vegetal genetic resources, implicitly tomatoes, is reduced, the future generations will benefit from valuable genetic resources.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"60 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78783096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0048
Erengül Sofyalioğlu, E. Sevindik, H. Uysal
This study was performed out genetic diversity of some Elaeagnus angustifolia L. populations growing in İzmir province by using ISSR markers. In the study, PCR was performed using 15 ISSR primers. PCR products were run in agarose gel and visualized under UV light. Amplified products were scored as follows. A total of 46 bands were produced from 15 ISSR primers, of which 27 were polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic bands was evaluated as approximately 58.7%. Genetic distances between phylogenetic trees and genotypes were calculated using the PAUP program. The phylogenetic tree consists of two large clades. The longest distance between populations was between Gümüldür-Özdere and Çeşme-Alaçatı population with a value of 0.50, while the closest distance was between Çeşme-Ayayorgi and Konak-Hatay populations with a value of 0.06. The results show that ISSR markers are useful tools for determining genetic relationships between E. angustifolia populations.
{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae) Populations in İzmir (Turkey)","authors":"Erengül Sofyalioğlu, E. Sevindik, H. Uysal","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0048","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed out genetic diversity of some Elaeagnus angustifolia L. populations growing in İzmir province by using ISSR markers. In the study, PCR was performed using 15 ISSR primers. PCR products were run in agarose gel and visualized under UV light. Amplified products were scored as follows. A total of 46 bands were produced from 15 ISSR primers, of which 27 were polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic bands was evaluated as approximately 58.7%. Genetic distances between phylogenetic trees and genotypes were calculated using the PAUP program. The phylogenetic tree consists of two large clades. The longest distance between populations was between Gümüldür-Özdere and Çeşme-Alaçatı population with a value of 0.50, while the closest distance was between Çeşme-Ayayorgi and Konak-Hatay populations with a value of 0.06. The results show that ISSR markers are useful tools for determining genetic relationships between E. angustifolia populations.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"1 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87983858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0045
I. Crișan
Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are a group of fungi from phylum Ascomycota that develop inside healthy root tissue of a wide range of plants from diverse habitats. They play a role in nutrient acquisition and survival of their hosts in limiting conditions. Aim of this research was to identify the seasonal occurrence of dark septate endophytes across a cultivar gradient in urban conditions from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Root samples from six Iris germanica cultivars were collected in spring and autumn. Microscopic assessment was conducted on 2160 root segments. Average DSE frequency in roots of Iris germanica was 14.58%. Analysis of variance revealed that influence exercised by the cultivar was not significant (p=0.37), but the interaction between cultivar and phenophase explained 53.97% of overall variance. DSE were identified in all six cultivars, indicating either to a similar susceptibility of the host genotype or lack of specificity of the fungal endophyte. Unravelling the functional roles of these fungi could contribute to a better understating of plant-fungi interactions in anthropic environments.
{"title":"Frequency of Dark Septate Endophytes Colonization in Iris germanica L.","authors":"I. Crișan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0045","url":null,"abstract":"Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are a group of fungi from phylum Ascomycota that develop inside healthy root tissue of a wide range of plants from diverse habitats. They play a role in nutrient acquisition and survival of their hosts in limiting conditions. Aim of this research was to identify the seasonal occurrence of dark septate endophytes across a cultivar gradient in urban conditions from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Root samples from six Iris germanica cultivars were collected in spring and autumn. Microscopic assessment was conducted on 2160 root segments. Average DSE frequency in roots of Iris germanica was 14.58%. Analysis of variance revealed that influence exercised by the cultivar was not significant (p=0.37), but the interaction between cultivar and phenophase explained 53.97% of overall variance. DSE were identified in all six cultivars, indicating either to a similar susceptibility of the host genotype or lack of specificity of the fungal endophyte. Unravelling the functional roles of these fungi could contribute to a better understating of plant-fungi interactions in anthropic environments.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"38 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76483036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0040
F. Chețan, C. Chețan
The Transylvanian Plain has a particular aspect, as the hilly areas are predominant and here the soil erosion phenomena through levigation are frequently encountered. The effect of water availability on yields has been thoroughly researched, being one of the main limitative factors of the winter wheat yields. Starting from these considerations, during the agricultural years 2012-2018, a bi-factorial yield test was performed at Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, for a period of seven years. The study explored the influence of the water status under the influence of two tillage systems and the climatic conditions specific for this area on winter wheat yields. In the field conditions of Turda during experimental interval, the soil tillage system had a rather small impact on the winter wheat yields. In the conventional system (CS) a reserve of accessible water is preserved better during the spring period, this being attributed to a better infiltration into the soil of winter precipitation (snow). In the conservative system (NT), the observed trend suggests that restoration of the ground water reserve is more difficult than in the CS but the loss of water in the CS is just as fast.
{"title":"Improvement of the Water Management by Applying the No Tillage System for the Winter Wheat Production","authors":"F. Chețan, C. Chețan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0040","url":null,"abstract":"The Transylvanian Plain has a particular aspect, as the hilly areas are predominant and here the soil erosion phenomena through levigation are frequently encountered. The effect of water availability on yields has been thoroughly researched, being one of the main limitative factors of the winter wheat yields. Starting from these considerations, during the agricultural years 2012-2018, a bi-factorial yield test was performed at Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, for a period of seven years. The study explored the influence of the water status under the influence of two tillage systems and the climatic conditions specific for this area on winter wheat yields. In the field conditions of Turda during experimental interval, the soil tillage system had a rather small impact on the winter wheat yields. In the conventional system (CS) a reserve of accessible water is preserved better during the spring period, this being attributed to a better infiltration into the soil of winter precipitation (snow). In the conservative system (NT), the observed trend suggests that restoration of the ground water reserve is more difficult than in the CS but the loss of water in the CS is just as fast.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"125 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80382227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0046
I. Crișan, R. Vidican, A. Pleșa, T. Mihăiescu
Iris plants are widely cultivated flowering ornamentals, with a long history of traditional use in Eurasia, where this genus is reaching the highest diversity. This paper aims to provide an overview on recent advances related to the phytoremediation potential of plants from the genus Iris, in order to promote the use of these species in phytoremediation programs. According to the relevant literature, eight species from genus Iris present phytoremediation potential (I. dichotoma, I. germanica, I. halophila, I. lactea, I. latifolia, I. pseudacorus, I. sibirica, I. wilsonii). The studies addressed potential of plants to mitigate toxic metals/metalloids (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn), excess of nutrients (P, N), pesticides, petroleum hydrocarbons, pharmaceuticals as well as dyes. Most studies focused on wastewater treatment and environments contaminated due to mining activities. Main hindrances in upscaling this green technology remain mitigation of toxicity stress in plants during remediation and the disposal of resulting contaminated biomass. In this sense, use of beneficial microorganisms to alleviate phytotoxicity effects and new valorization possibilities of contaminated Iris spp. biomass have been proposed recently. Designing an entire cycle that includes phytoremediation and sustainable value chains for contaminated biomass could prove feasible and should receive more attention.
{"title":"Phytoremediation Potential of Iris spp.","authors":"I. Crișan, R. Vidican, A. Pleșa, T. Mihăiescu","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0046","url":null,"abstract":"Iris plants are widely cultivated flowering ornamentals, with a long history of traditional use in Eurasia, where this genus is reaching the highest diversity. This paper aims to provide an overview on recent advances related to the phytoremediation potential of plants from the genus Iris, in order to promote the use of these species in phytoremediation programs. According to the relevant literature, eight species from genus Iris present phytoremediation potential (I. dichotoma, I. germanica, I. halophila, I. lactea, I. latifolia, I. pseudacorus, I. sibirica, I. wilsonii). The studies addressed potential of plants to mitigate toxic metals/metalloids (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn), excess of nutrients (P, N), pesticides, petroleum hydrocarbons, pharmaceuticals as well as dyes. Most studies focused on wastewater treatment and environments contaminated due to mining activities. Main hindrances in upscaling this green technology remain mitigation of toxicity stress in plants during remediation and the disposal of resulting contaminated biomass. In this sense, use of beneficial microorganisms to alleviate phytotoxicity effects and new valorization possibilities of contaminated Iris spp. biomass have been proposed recently. Designing an entire cycle that includes phytoremediation and sustainable value chains for contaminated biomass could prove feasible and should receive more attention.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"62 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90247677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0043
I. Rastimesina, O. Postolachi, V. Josan
Six agricultural organic wastes and three inorganic matrices were selected for rhodococci whole cells immobilization. The degree of immobilization of rhodococci cells varied from 6.20% to 34.30% on organic matrices. A high level of Rhodococcus rhodochrous CNMN-Ac-05 cells immobilization was demonstrated on inorganic matrices, it was from 69.25% to 97.30%. After the contact with support the strain dissociated, forming, in addition to original S type, rough (R) and altercolour smooth (S) types. Immobilization of rhodococci cells on organic supports led to the appearance of phenotypic heterogeneity from 0.34% to 3.26%. On inorganic matrices the variability of rhodococci was 0.88-1.05%.
{"title":"Dissociation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous Population after the Whole Cells Immobilization","authors":"I. Rastimesina, O. Postolachi, V. Josan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:2020.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Six agricultural organic wastes and three inorganic matrices were selected for rhodococci whole cells immobilization. The degree of immobilization of rhodococci cells varied from 6.20% to 34.30% on organic matrices. A high level of Rhodococcus rhodochrous CNMN-Ac-05 cells immobilization was demonstrated on inorganic matrices, it was from 69.25% to 97.30%. After the contact with support the strain dissociated, forming, in addition to original S type, rough (R) and altercolour smooth (S) types. Immobilization of rhodococci cells on organic supports led to the appearance of phenotypic heterogeneity from 0.34% to 3.26%. On inorganic matrices the variability of rhodococci was 0.88-1.05%.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"25 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80176871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2020.0031
M. Iancu
Potato puree and sauerkraut juice are valuable raw material resources that can improve the ability of the gluten free dough to release gas and CO2. The starchy carbohydrates in the potatoes, modified due to the heat treatment and the vitamins, minerals, salt, acids, cellulose, sugars in the sauerkraut juice are a rich source of elements to increase the amount of gas, thus an improvement in the fermentation of the gluten free dough. This study evaluated the amount of CO2, using a volumetric method and the batch bioreactor to study the fermentation of a "gluten free" dough made of rice flour which is replaced with potato puree in proportion of 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 70% and water replaced with sauerkraut juice according to the material balance sheet. The results showed that the highest amount of CO2, of 1670 ml NaCl, was obtained in the sample where 10% of the flour was replaced with potato puree, sauerkraut juice was used and the dough moisture was 60%. Because the reference taken was the dough made from commercially available mixes combined with water, it was observed that the new materials used in this study are a good choice, being natural and healthy for the body, able to produce high volume gluten free products and being a waste recovery variant in the food industry.
马铃薯泥和酸菜汁是提高无麸质面团释放气体和二氧化碳能力的宝贵原料资源。土豆中的淀粉类碳水化合物经过热处理后得到了改善，而酸菜汁中的维生素、矿物质、盐、酸、纤维素和糖是增加气体量的丰富元素来源，从而改善了无麸质面团的发酵。本研究利用容积法和间歇式生物反应器，根据物料平衡表，以10%、20%、30%、50%、70%比例的土豆泥代替米粉，用酸菜汁代替水，对“无麸质”面团的发酵进行了CO2量评价。结果表明，以马铃薯泥代替10%的面粉、用酸菜汁、面团含水量为60%的样品中CO2含量最高，为1670 ml NaCl。由于所采用的参考材料是由市购的混合物与水混合制成的面团，因此观察到本研究中使用的新材料是一个很好的选择，对身体有益，天然且健康，能够生产大量无麸质产品，并且是食品工业中废物回收的变体。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Amount of CO2 in the Fermentation of Gluten Free Dough with Potato and Sauerkraut Juice","authors":"M. Iancu","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2020.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:2020.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Potato puree and sauerkraut juice are valuable raw material resources that can improve the ability of the gluten free dough to release gas and CO2. The starchy carbohydrates in the potatoes, modified due to the heat treatment and the vitamins, minerals, salt, acids, cellulose, sugars in the sauerkraut juice are a rich source of elements to increase the amount of gas, thus an improvement in the fermentation of the gluten free dough. This study evaluated the amount of CO2, using a volumetric method and the batch bioreactor to study the fermentation of a \"gluten free\" dough made of rice flour which is replaced with potato puree in proportion of 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 70% and water replaced with sauerkraut juice according to the material balance sheet. The results showed that the highest amount of CO2, of 1670 ml NaCl, was obtained in the sample where 10% of the flour was replaced with potato puree, sauerkraut juice was used and the dough moisture was 60%. Because the reference taken was the dough made from commercially available mixes combined with water, it was observed that the new materials used in this study are a good choice, being natural and healthy for the body, able to produce high volume gluten free products and being a waste recovery variant in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"41 1 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85935254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-20DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2020.0007
Dragomir D. Sângeorzan, I. Rotar
In the era of abundant information, wisdom has become a scarce resource. Exploration and measurement of biodiversity yield copious amounts of information fragmented into numerous categories and types, following the pattern of life itself. We aim to review the potential of charting the plant diversity of woodlands, grasslands, marshlands, and other natural and semi-natural areas relevant to conservation by using low-altitude, low-cost, Earth Observation technology, such as small aerial drones, that captures images which can be mapped and analyzed. As this technology is new and quickly evolving, we limited the search to published research between 2012-2019. We have found applications for forestry, agro-forestry, horticulture, grasslands, ecological restoration, and other areas. In terms of technological progress, new hardware components and cameras and new software tools leverage drones’ power to deliver a greater quantity and quality of information. There are promising efforts to develop low-cost drone technology that facilitate better biodiversity conservation results. For analysis, software tools are also improving to take advantage of increases in computing power and artificial intelligence programming. Our findings serve as an introduction to low-cost teledetection for biodiversity conservation, with drones providing an advantage in monitoring habitats by increasing information quantity, accuracy, and ease of analysis with the aid of automation.
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