Pub Date : 2016-05-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:11990
E. Mudura, Teodora Emilia Coldea, A. Rotar, C. Pop, C. Semeniuc
As the production of craft beer increases rapidly also in Eastern Europe, our research focused the assessing of chemical parameters and microbiological risk analysis on five types of craft beers produced at a Romanian microbrewery. As far as we know this is the first study on Romanian craft beer. Samples were collected from a local microbrewery. Types of beer analysed were: pale ale, American pale ale, India pale ale, caramel and pilsner beers. Alcohol content, extract and relative density were measured by thermal measuring effects, using automatic Fermentostar analyzer. The low number of microorganisms is an effect of the synergic actions of higher alcohol content, lower acidity and polyphenols, which present inhibitory effects on microorganisms causing spoilage in beer. As far as we know this is the first study on Romanian craft beer.
{"title":"Characterization of Romanian Craft Beers Based on Chemical Composition and Microbiological Analysis","authors":"E. Mudura, Teodora Emilia Coldea, A. Rotar, C. Pop, C. Semeniuc","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:11990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-FST:11990","url":null,"abstract":"As the production of craft beer increases rapidly also in Eastern Europe, our research focused the assessing of chemical parameters and microbiological risk analysis on five types of craft beers produced at a Romanian microbrewery. As far as we know this is the first study on Romanian craft beer. Samples were collected from a local microbrewery. Types of beer analysed were: pale ale, American pale ale, India pale ale, caramel and pilsner beers. Alcohol content, extract and relative density were measured by thermal measuring effects, using automatic Fermentostar analyzer. The low number of microorganisms is an effect of the synergic actions of higher alcohol content, lower acidity and polyphenols, which present inhibitory effects on microorganisms causing spoilage in beer. As far as we know this is the first study on Romanian craft beer.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"57 1","pages":"40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84484018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12013
Vasile Lucian Naș, S. C. Vac, Sorina Dîrjan, A. Anastasiu
Taking into account the importance of human capital, and Romanian strategy in this area, in last decade, a Sectoral Operational Programme concerning Human Resources has been implemented. In this study, we emphasize the impact of SOP HRD on doctoral thesis defending rate, and publishing activity of doctoral students from agronomy and veterinary medicine fields. Research was carried out on four state Universities of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from: Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Iasi and Timisoara. Data were processed with STATISTICA v. 8.0 for Windows, software. Very strong multiple correlations are emphasized between results indicators with values from R = 0.999 for UASVM Bucharest, to R = 0.961 UASVM Timisoara. Principal Components Analysis, and Cluster Analysis show that published papers have a great importance (99.50%-99.40%) for the number doctoral thesis defended within SOP HRD projects developed by the UASVMs from Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, and Iasi, while the presentations given at conferences seems to have a minor role. In UASVM Timisoara, both published papers and presentations given at conferences seems to have almost the same importance (51.08%, and 48.92%, respectively) for the number of defended doctoral thesis.
考虑到人力资本的重要性和罗马尼亚在这一领域的战略，在过去十年中执行了一项关于人力资源的部门业务方案。在本研究中，我们强调了SOP HRD对农学和兽医学领域博士生博士论文答辩率和发表活动的影响。在布加勒斯特、克卢日-纳波卡、雅西和蒂米什瓦拉的四所国立农业科学和兽医大学进行了研究。数据用STATISTICA v. 8.0 for Windows软件处理。UASVM布加勒斯特的R = 0.999, UASVM蒂米什瓦拉的R = 0.961，结果指标之间强调了很强的多重相关性。主成分分析和聚类分析表明，在布加勒斯特、克卢日-纳波卡和雅西的uasvm开发的SOP HRD项目中，发表的论文对博士论文数量有很大的影响(99.50%-99.40%)，而在会议上发表的演讲似乎起着次要作用。在UASVM蒂米什瓦拉，发表的论文和在会议上的演讲对博士论文答辩数量的重要性几乎相同(分别为51.08%和48.92%)。
{"title":"Analysis of the indicators achieved by the PhD students enrolled in Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD) projects implemented in the Universities of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Romania","authors":"Vasile Lucian Naș, S. C. Vac, Sorina Dîrjan, A. Anastasiu","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12013","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the importance of human capital, and Romanian strategy in this area, in last decade, a Sectoral Operational Programme concerning Human Resources has been implemented. In this study, we emphasize the impact of SOP HRD on doctoral thesis defending rate, and publishing activity of doctoral students from agronomy and veterinary medicine fields. Research was carried out on four state Universities of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from: Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Iasi and Timisoara. Data were processed with STATISTICA v. 8.0 for Windows, software. Very strong multiple correlations are emphasized between results indicators with values from R = 0.999 for UASVM Bucharest, to R = 0.961 UASVM Timisoara. Principal Components Analysis, and Cluster Analysis show that published papers have a great importance (99.50%-99.40%) for the number doctoral thesis defended within SOP HRD projects developed by the UASVMs from Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, and Iasi, while the presentations given at conferences seems to have a minor role. In UASVM Timisoara, both published papers and presentations given at conferences seems to have almost the same importance (51.08%, and 48.92%, respectively) for the number of defended doctoral thesis.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"11 1","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78981393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12021
Sebastian Călin Vac, Vasile Lucian Naș
Agriculture played a major role in the development of society since old times. The new paradigm of sustainable growth emphasizes the role of agriculture in economic growth, in ensuring food security, in poverty reduction, in the reduction of income disparities, in the development of the rural area and environmental protection. Fiscal policy is the means by which the government of a country interferes within the economy to stimulate or soothe its growth. Because the application of tax policy affects consumer demand of the society, it is considered that the fiscal policy operates on the market of goods and services units. Romanian Government's vision fiscal policy is focused on ensuring a stimulating role of taxes in order to increase the economic growth, to fiscal consolidation and to development and strengthening the middle class. The purpose of this article is to identify and highlight the impact of fiscal policy on sustainable rural economic development of Romania, in the context of Romanian rural economy realities and needs of the economic and social environment to become competitive on the European market. In order to reach our objective, we have used fundamental research methods consisting in reading of the specialized literature in this field and some articles and studies covering this topic. One of the most important decisions to make is that individual entities become legal entities with legal personality. There are necessary internal and external financing in agriculture based on investment (investment projects), involving agricultural companies and agricultural associations (not individuals bodies). Last but not least, we appreciate that the taxation of agricultural incomes is still a necessity, given the principle of universality tax, leaving it to the experts to determine the dimensions of income rules.
{"title":"The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Rural Economic Development in Romania","authors":"Sebastian Călin Vac, Vasile Lucian Naș","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12021","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture played a major role in the development of society since old times. The new paradigm of sustainable growth emphasizes the role of agriculture in economic growth, in ensuring food security, in poverty reduction, in the reduction of income disparities, in the development of the rural area and environmental protection. Fiscal policy is the means by which the government of a country interferes within the economy to stimulate or soothe its growth. Because the application of tax policy affects consumer demand of the society, it is considered that the fiscal policy operates on the market of goods and services units. Romanian Government's vision fiscal policy is focused on ensuring a stimulating role of taxes in order to increase the economic growth, to fiscal consolidation and to development and strengthening the middle class. The purpose of this article is to identify and highlight the impact of fiscal policy on sustainable rural economic development of Romania, in the context of Romanian rural economy realities and needs of the economic and social environment to become competitive on the European market. In order to reach our objective, we have used fundamental research methods consisting in reading of the specialized literature in this field and some articles and studies covering this topic. One of the most important decisions to make is that individual entities become legal entities with legal personality. There are necessary internal and external financing in agriculture based on investment (investment projects), involving agricultural companies and agricultural associations (not individuals bodies). Last but not least, we appreciate that the taxation of agricultural incomes is still a necessity, given the principle of universality tax, leaving it to the experts to determine the dimensions of income rules.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"20 1","pages":"122-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83943853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12003
N. Bărăscu, M. Duda, G. Olteanu
Potato fertilization (especially nitrogen fertilization) has repercussions on the dynamics of plant growth and the production and quality. Recent results of research on the dynamics of NDVI and SPAD values of potatoes indicates ample opportunities to use these non-invasive measures to monitor the condition of vegetation in different crop growing conditions (Puiu et al. 2012, Shukla et al. 2007). The researches were conducted to obtain information on the possibilities of non-invasive assessment of NPK fertilization effects on the state of potato plants growing in non-irrigated conditions. Between 2013-2014, at NIRDPSB Brasov (Romania) were performed measurements of vegetation index NDVI, chlorophyll content and measurements of plant varieties Christian and Roclas harvested in dynamic, on two levels of nitrogen fertilization, N100 and N200 NPK reports 1: 1: 1 and 1: 0.9: 2. On the second decade of June 2013, the NDVI mean of Christian variety plants was 88.7, compared to 86.9 at Roclas variety. The SPAD values were 46.6 and 44.7. On 2014, a year with higher humidity, NDVI average values ​​were higher on both varieties (91.6 and 90.8) and the SPAD values were lower ​​(41.8 and 41.5). NDVI values of potato plants from fertilized variants were statistically differentiated according by variety, especially in the second part of the growing season. Through SPAD values differentiation of fertilization variants has been possible throughout the entire period observed. Hydrothermal conditions of vegetations limits the separation of fertilization variants with NDVI measurements, while SPAD values reflect supply plants with nitrogen.
马铃薯施肥(尤其是氮肥)对植株生长动态、产量和品质有重要影响。最近对马铃薯NDVI和SPAD值动态的研究结果表明，有充分的机会使用这些非侵入性措施来监测不同作物生长条件下的植被状况(Puiu et al. 2012, Shukla et al. 2007)。本研究旨在探讨非灌溉条件下氮磷钾施肥对马铃薯植株生长状态影响的无创评价方法。2013-2014年，在罗马尼亚布拉索夫(Brasov) NIRDPSB，在N100和N200氮磷钾报告比例为1:1:1和1:0.9:2的情况下，测定了动态收获的植物品种Christian和Roclas的植被指数NDVI和叶绿素含量。2013年6月第二个10年，Christian品种植物NDVI平均值为88.7，而Roclas品种为86.9。SPAD值分别为46.6和44.7。在湿度较高的2014年，两个品种的NDVI平均值均较高(91.6和90.8)，SPAD平均值较低(41.8和41.5)。不同品种马铃薯植株的NDVI值有统计学差异，特别是在生长季后半段。通过SPAD值，可以在整个观察期内区分受精变异。植被的热液条件限制了NDVI测量中施肥变化的分离，而SPAD值反映了植物对氮的供应。
{"title":"Study of Dynamics SPAD and NDVI Values of Potato Plants According to the Differentiated Fertilization","authors":"N. Bărăscu, M. Duda, G. Olteanu","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12003","url":null,"abstract":"Potato fertilization (especially nitrogen fertilization) has repercussions on the dynamics of plant growth and the production and quality. Recent results of research on the dynamics of NDVI and SPAD values of potatoes indicates ample opportunities to use these non-invasive measures to monitor the condition of vegetation in different crop growing conditions (Puiu et al. 2012, Shukla et al. 2007). The researches were conducted to obtain information on the possibilities of non-invasive assessment of NPK fertilization effects on the state of potato plants growing in non-irrigated conditions. Between 2013-2014, at NIRDPSB Brasov (Romania) were performed measurements of vegetation index NDVI, chlorophyll content and measurements of plant varieties Christian and Roclas harvested in dynamic, on two levels of nitrogen fertilization, N100 and N200 NPK reports 1: 1: 1 and 1: 0.9: 2. On the second decade of June 2013, the NDVI mean of Christian variety plants was 88.7, compared to 86.9 at Roclas variety. The SPAD values were 46.6 and 44.7. On 2014, a year with higher humidity, NDVI average values ​​were higher on both varieties (91.6 and 90.8) and the SPAD values were lower ​​(41.8 and 41.5). NDVI values of potato plants from fertilized variants were statistically differentiated according by variety, especially in the second part of the growing season. Through SPAD values differentiation of fertilization variants has been possible throughout the entire period observed. Hydrothermal conditions of vegetations limits the separation of fertilization variants with NDVI measurements, while SPAD values reflect supply plants with nitrogen.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"17 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84194536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12023
A. Popescu, D. C. Ibănescu
The objective of this paper is to evaluate organic pollution in the basin growth cyprinids (Balta Mare) of farm Carja 1 Vaslui county, it was based on the two indices, namely algal genus pollution index and saprobes’ index. Algae as a component of the aquatic ecosystem is an indicator of water quality, which is determined by the component species and of their diversity. Total 18 genera and 29 species have been indentified, among these 13 species belonged to Cholorophyceae, 5 species to Cyanophyceae, 5 species to Bacillariophyceae, 5 species Euglenophyceae and 1 species to Dinophyceae. Have also been analyzed and the main physic-chemical parameters as follows temperature, pH, oxygen and the other parameters (nutrients viz. nitrogen and phosphorous). The Values of physic-chemical parameters show that water belongs to class III of quality, according to Order 161/2006. Two biological indices, viz. algal genus pollution index and saprobes’ index, were adopted to classify the water quality in the Balta Mare in comparison with the measured physicochemical water quality. The total score of Algal Genus Pollution Index of station CI, CII, CIII, CIV, CV, CA/E were 15, 15, 17, 8, 7 and 9 respectively. Water quality ecosystem investigated is assigned to the I² mesosaprobic subarea, prevailing the I²-mesosaprobic species, class III of quality and moderately polluted water.
{"title":"The quality of the water from the aquatic ecosystem, Carja, through the biological indexes.","authors":"A. Popescu, D. C. Ibănescu","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:12023","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to evaluate organic pollution in the basin growth cyprinids (Balta Mare) of farm Carja 1 Vaslui county, it was based on the two indices, namely algal genus pollution index and saprobes’ index. Algae as a component of the aquatic ecosystem is an indicator of water quality, which is determined by the component species and of their diversity. Total 18 genera and 29 species have been indentified, among these 13 species belonged to Cholorophyceae, 5 species to Cyanophyceae, 5 species to Bacillariophyceae, 5 species Euglenophyceae and 1 species to Dinophyceae. Have also been analyzed and the main physic-chemical parameters as follows temperature, pH, oxygen and the other parameters (nutrients viz. nitrogen and phosphorous). The Values of physic-chemical parameters show that water belongs to class III of quality, according to Order 161/2006. Two biological indices, viz. algal genus pollution index and saprobes’ index, were adopted to classify the water quality in the Balta Mare in comparison with the measured physicochemical water quality. The total score of Algal Genus Pollution Index of station CI, CII, CIII, CIV, CV, CA/E were 15, 15, 17, 8, 7 and 9 respectively. Water quality ecosystem investigated is assigned to the I² mesosaprobic subarea, prevailing the I²-mesosaprobic species, class III of quality and moderately polluted water.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"1 1","pages":"93-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88221052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11970
O. Opriș, C. Roba, Florina Copaciu, A. Bunea
Hospitals produce large quantities of waste water that may contain various potentially hazardous materials. Moreover, these effluents usually do not undergo any specific treatment before being discharged into the urban sewage networks. As a consequence, a proper management of the hospitals effluents is vital. In the present study, the quality of the effluents, generated by 11 important hospitals from Cluj County was investigated. The analyzed parameters were: pH, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, residual free chlorine, and detergents. For all the effluents, the biochemical oxygen demand and the detergents content were within the permissible limits for waste water discharged in the urban sewerage system, while the other parameters exceeded the permissible limits.
{"title":"Quality Assessment of Waste Waters Generated by some Important Hospitals from Cluj County","authors":"O. Opriș, C. Roba, Florina Copaciu, A. Bunea","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11970","url":null,"abstract":"Hospitals produce large quantities of waste water that may contain various potentially hazardous materials. Moreover, these effluents usually do not undergo any specific treatment before being discharged into the urban sewage networks. As a consequence, a proper management of the hospitals effluents is vital. In the present study, the quality of the effluents, generated by 11 important hospitals from Cluj County was investigated. The analyzed parameters were: pH, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, residual free chlorine, and detergents. For all the effluents, the biochemical oxygen demand and the detergents content were within the permissible limits for waste water discharged in the urban sewerage system, while the other parameters exceeded the permissible limits.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"39 1","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85414780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-27DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11745
I. Oroian, Sînziana Pauliuc, I. Covrig, C. Iederan, S. Pop
The issues concerning phytosanitary protection of forests generally speaking, and pine forests, particularly are in attention of scientists, in the field, worldwide. For this reason more concern is attribute to the regulations meant to rule the use of phytosanitary products used for maintaining the health of pine forests, and methodology of their administration. Our study aims to emphasize the degree of perception of aimed authorities, concerning the phytosanitary regulations connected to pine forest phytosanitary products. The methodology developed in this study concerns the means of sociological means, translated in bibliographical approach which involves the use of different documents, law texts, textbooks, and also the questionnaire instrument. As a result of our approach we highlight the most important issues meant to contribute to better protection of pine tree forests through an appropriate phytosanitary treatment, and also the most important issues concerning pine tree forests maintaining focused by the actors involved in their maintaining. The phytosanitary regulations play a decisive role in maintaining the health of forests, generally speaking and of pine tree forests, in particularly. They supply a general frame for appropriate treatments for suitable forest development.
{"title":"Stage of Knowledge of the Legislation Concerning Pine Forest Phytosanitary Protection","authors":"I. Oroian, Sînziana Pauliuc, I. Covrig, C. Iederan, S. Pop","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11745","url":null,"abstract":"The issues concerning phytosanitary protection of forests generally speaking, and pine forests, particularly are in attention of scientists, in the field, worldwide. For this reason more concern is attribute to the regulations meant to rule the use of phytosanitary products used for maintaining the health of pine forests, and methodology of their administration. Our study aims to emphasize the degree of perception of aimed authorities, concerning the phytosanitary regulations connected to pine forest phytosanitary products. The methodology developed in this study concerns the means of sociological means, translated in bibliographical approach which involves the use of different documents, law texts, textbooks, and also the questionnaire instrument. As a result of our approach we highlight the most important issues meant to contribute to better protection of pine tree forests through an appropriate phytosanitary treatment, and also the most important issues concerning pine tree forests maintaining focused by the actors involved in their maintaining. The phytosanitary regulations play a decisive role in maintaining the health of forests, generally speaking and of pine tree forests, in particularly. They supply a general frame for appropriate treatments for suitable forest development.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"7 1","pages":"463-466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75764183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-27DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11432
Vasile Marius Carabat, M. Berca, R. Horoias, C. Cioineag
For wheat crop, in 2013-2014 a comeback of resistant strains of extremely harmful diseases such as yellow rust ( Puccinia striiformis ) and fusarium ( Fusarium spp .) was observed. By preventing the absorption of solar energy and limiting the yield, by average, with 30-40% for the untreated pesticide version, entropy in wheat increased significantly. Entropy increase was also supported by the necessity to double the number of treatments from 1-2, to 3-4 in this special years. Currently there are no plant protection products that can control the wheat pathogens 100%. Thermodynamic biosystem reconstruction can be achieved only by obtaining and using resistant or immune varieties to the whole complex of wheat diseases. In the wheat crops in Romania, we can meet at least 13 diseases that, together or separately, may cause 15% damages even under treatment, taking into account the phenomena of resistance. Entropy on the food chain plant – animal – human or directly plant – human can also be increased by induction of mycotoxins (DON) in useful productions, which are extremely dangerous for food safety. All these have significant economical and environmental negative effects.
{"title":"Wheat Varieties Resistance to the Biotic Stresses Generated by Diseases – Main Factor of Agro Ecological Economy","authors":"Vasile Marius Carabat, M. Berca, R. Horoias, C. Cioineag","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11432","url":null,"abstract":"For wheat crop, in 2013-2014 a comeback of resistant strains of extremely harmful diseases such as yellow rust ( Puccinia striiformis ) and fusarium ( Fusarium spp .) was observed. By preventing the absorption of solar energy and limiting the yield, by average, with 30-40% for the untreated pesticide version, entropy in wheat increased significantly. Entropy increase was also supported by the necessity to double the number of treatments from 1-2, to 3-4 in this special years. Currently there are no plant protection products that can control the wheat pathogens 100%. Thermodynamic biosystem reconstruction can be achieved only by obtaining and using resistant or immune varieties to the whole complex of wheat diseases. In the wheat crops in Romania, we can meet at least 13 diseases that, together or separately, may cause 15% damages even under treatment, taking into account the phenomena of resistance. Entropy on the food chain plant – animal – human or directly plant – human can also be increased by induction of mycotoxins (DON) in useful productions, which are extremely dangerous for food safety. All these have significant economical and environmental negative effects.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"41 1","pages":"589-590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74683430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-27DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:11431
Vasile Marius Carabat, M. Berca, R. Horoias, C. Cioineag
This study is intended to demonstrate that in the pedoclimatic conditions from Seini – Maramures, some that are not very favorable to the wheat crop, the productivity it can be easily increased by applying a new fertilization management scheme and by using wheat varieties of different categories, but with a great plasticity to biotic and abiotic factors from the research region. To analyze the reaction of Balaton and Atrium wheat varieties at a specific nitrogen management, the method of demonstration plots has been used, with 14 variants of nitrogen fertilization, in different dosages and application phases. Obtained results have been statistically processed. It has been observed that for both varieties the nitrogen fractionation doesn’t bring any increases at low doses (40-60 kg N/ha), but it is very efficient and demonstrated by the correlations performed at high doses (70-120 kg N/ha). Premium and A type wheat varieties, of provenance Austria, have been acclimatized and they can be successfully grown in the Seini area, as illustrated by the obtained yields.
本研究旨在说明，在对小麦作物生长不利的塞尼-玛拉姆地区的土壤气候条件下，采用新的施肥管理方案和不同种类的小麦品种可以很容易地提高小麦产量，但对研究区域的生物和非生物因子具有很大的可塑性。为了分析巴拉顿和心房小麦品种在特定氮肥管理下的反应，采用示范小区法，采用14种不同施氮量和施用阶段的施氮方式。所得结果已进行统计处理。已观察到，在低剂量(40-60 kg N/ha)下，这两个品种的氮素分选没有带来任何增加，但在高剂量(70-120 kg N/ha)下的相关性表明，分选非常有效。优质和A型小麦品种，产地奥地利，已经适应，他们可以成功地种植在塞尼地区，如所获得的产量说明。
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Pub Date : 2015-11-27DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11703
C. Manescu, A. Cristina, T. Mateoc, C. Gavrilescu, N. Mateoc-Sîrb
In Romania, the area covered by forest has decreased in the last period of time (28%), is currently below the average of developed countries in the European Union (40%). Meanwhile, a series of extreme weather phenomena have increased, representing the greatest threat facing humanity and the environment. In the current paper the authors analyze the distribution of Romania green cover on geographical areas, trying to find solutions to minimize the existing imbalances.Expanding forest areas should be a priority for ecological restoration because Romania has low forest coverage areas. Research shows that there is an unbalanced distribution of green coverage of Romania in the current climate change, which requires the plantation of protective forest curtains.
{"title":"Improving Romania's green cover by planting forest protection curtains, in the context of current climate changes.","authors":"C. Manescu, A. Cristina, T. Mateoc, C. Gavrilescu, N. Mateoc-Sîrb","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:11703","url":null,"abstract":"In Romania, the area covered by forest has decreased in the last period of time (28%), is currently below the average of developed countries in the European Union (40%). Meanwhile, a series of extreme weather phenomena have increased, representing the greatest threat facing humanity and the environment. In the current paper the authors analyze the distribution of Romania green cover on geographical areas, trying to find solutions to minimize the existing imbalances.Expanding forest areas should be a priority for ecological restoration because Romania has low forest coverage areas. Research shows that there is an unbalanced distribution of green coverage of Romania in the current climate change, which requires the plantation of protective forest curtains.","PeriodicalId":9380,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca","volume":"261 1","pages":"417-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76956467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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