Carbon Capture Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Graphite–Ni synergy unlocks a hydrogen-free pathway for carbon based integrated CO₂ capture and utilisation (ICCU)","authors":"Junhan Lu,&nbsp;Xiaotong Zhao,&nbsp;Jia Hu,&nbsp;Bo Zong,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang,&nbsp;Chunfei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated carbon capture and utilisation (ICCU) is a promising technology to mitigate the impact of carbon emissions, as it combines sorbent regeneration and CO₂ utilisation. ICCU has been intensively studied for reverse water shift reaction (RWGS), methanation and dry methane reforming (DRM). However, ICCU-RWGS and ICCU-Methanation rely on hydrogen, which compromises economic viability and safety, and the complex synthesis of DFMs for ICCU-DRM, requiring promoters or multilayer structures. To enhance the practicality of ICCU technology, here we investigated carbon-based ICCU (C-ICCU), which utilises the reverse Boudouard reaction with carbon as the reducing agent. In this study, we explored the key operational factors influencing C-ICCU performance, specifically Ni loading, the Ni/graphite mass, and temperature. Our findings indicate that Ni/graphite is a highly effective catalyst for the in-situ conversion of CO₂ to CO. Specifically, a Ni loading of 3 wt.% or higher achieved a CO₂ conversion greater than 95% at 650°C. Furthermore, in-situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis revealed the synergistic interactions between graphite and nickel. Specifically, graphite promotes CO₂ generation while nickel catalyses its subsequent conversion. Our research demonstrates that the C-ICCU mechanism is a complex synergistic process involving the dynamic evolution of surface species. This work offers a promising, safer, and potentially more economical pathway for industrial carbon capture and utilisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced soil carbonation strategies: insights into quantification, performance, and scalable carbon capture","authors":"Aaqib Ali ,&nbsp;Arshad Raza ,&nbsp;Mubashir Aziz ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Umair Ali ,&nbsp;Ammar Mohammed Alshammari","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerated soil carbonation (ASC) is a rapidly advancing carbon capture and storage technique which provides a dual benefit of permanent CO₂ sequestration and geotechnical soil stabilization. This paper presents a comprehensive review of soil carbonation processes, emphasizing the mechanisms, quantification methods, and engineering performance improvements achieved through MgO and CaO-based binders and industrial by-products. The carbonation process transforms reactive oxides into stable carbonate minerals, enhancing soil strength, stiffness, and durability while reducing moisture content and porosity. A systematic analysis of the impact of carbonation on physical, chemical, mechanical, and microstructural behavior is presented, together with quantification approaches such as thermogravimetric analysis, calcimetry, and gas-balance techniques. The techno-economic evaluation highlights that optimized magnesia-lime-slag systems can offset up to 70 % of embodied emissions, offering a cost-effective and scalable pathway for carbon-negative ground improvement. Despite these advances, the field faces challenges related to reaction uniformity, long-term durability, and standardization of quantification and field protocols. The study identifies key research directions to establish ASC as a reliable, sustainable, and verifiable carbon sequestration strategy in geotechnical engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile nitrosamine manual stack monitoring method: sampling validation and performance assessment on stack simulated conditions","authors":"Haydn Barros,&nbsp;Richard Harvey,&nbsp;Hannah Cheales-Norman,&nbsp;Chris Dimopoulos,&nbsp;Rod Robinson","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Degradation products of sorbent amines used in Post Combustion CO₂ Capture (PCC) (amines, nitrosamines, etc.) are potentially emitted to the atmosphere, impacting health and the environment. This paper proposes and validates for the first time a manual stack sampling method for monitoring nitrosamine emissions, using a purpose-built test bench and simulating nitrosamine sampling through monitoring tests under controlled conditions mimicking those of a PCC plant. The method uses isokinetic sampling (due to the presence of water droplets in the PCC flue gas), a combination of liquid sampling (three impingers in series) and dry sampling cartridges. Collected samples were refrigerated and send to for laboratory analysis (using a Gas Chromatography - Thermal Energy Analyser). In terms of the recovered mass of the target analytes, the method was successfully validated for the five more volatile compounds (NDMA, NMEA, NDEA, NDPA, and NPIP), while the three less volatile nitrosamine’s (NDBA, NPYR, and NMOR) had recoveries of 75–80 %. However, based on the same experimental data but using the criterion of recovering in the last impinger &lt;5 % of the total (for each species), only the linear nitrosamines with medium volatility failed, NDPA and NDBA, capturing 11 and 22 % respectively. As expected, these last two nitrosamines were also found in sizeable amounts in the back-end cartridge, demonstrating significant breakthrough from all the impingers. In spite of the general good recovery of the method for volatile nitrosamines, the results for some of the semi-volatile species show that is advisable to enhance the method to achieve a recovery closer to 100 % for all the nitrosamines. Two simple proposals to achieve that goal are discussed. The sampling recovery depends on the volatility and chemical structure of the specific nitrosamines. The conclusions presented here could be carefully extrapolated to other species with similar volatilities and structures, but not to low volatile nitrosamines which will require different sample media to be sampled, for that reason they are outside of the scope of this work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating diabatic CAES with post-combustion capture to mitigate combustion emissions: case study and regional sensitivity","authors":"Zhaoxi Dong ,&nbsp;Yurong Liu ,&nbsp;Feihu Ma ,&nbsp;Honghai Ma ,&nbsp;Xin Peng ,&nbsp;Weimin Zhong ,&nbsp;Feng Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy storage technology is essential for addressing the intermittency of renewable energy, particularly wind power. Diabatic compressed air energy storage (DCAES) technology is relatively mature, however, it suffers from the drawback of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by fuel combustion. In this study, an integrated system that combines post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) with DCAES is proposed to decrease GHG emissions without purchasing outsource steam. A case study over a typical 24-hour period shows that the integrated system can ensure the stability of the power output from wind power to the grid during peak electricity usage period. The integration of PCC reduces the power output of DCAES during the discharge phase by 23.6 %, while the levelized cost of electricity rises from 55.63 $/MWh to 88.77 $/MWh. Otherwise, PCC subsystem contributes 12.7 % of the whole exergy destruction of the integrated system. These indicates that the cost of the PCC integration is acceptable from the thermodynamic and economic standing. Whereas, when wind power is used as the charging source, PCC integration can reduce life cycle GHG emissions by 66.9 % of the output electricity and the effect of GHG emission reduction is affected by region. This work provides valuable insights into achieving low-carbon operation of DCAES systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of CO2 capture performance of a direct air capture unit under representative atmospheric flow conditions using large eddy simulation","authors":"Esmaeel Eftekharian ,&nbsp;Ali Kiani ,&nbsp;Vassili Kitsios ,&nbsp;Ashok K. Luhar ,&nbsp;Paul Feron ,&nbsp;Aaron W. Thornton ,&nbsp;Kathryn M. Emmerson","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The removal of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere using direct air capture (DAC) is crucial in achieving the net-zero emissions target and combating global warming. We develop a new numerical model that predicts the performance of DAC units under representative atmospheric flow conditions which captures the interaction between these units and the instantaneous flow fields. A new boundary condition for the CO₂ concentration associated with the CO₂-depleted exit plume was developed. This boundary condition dynamically calculates the time-varying fraction of CO₂ removed from the air (capture rate) and the total mass of CO₂ captured by the system per unit time (capture amount). We have also conducted experiments in a lab-scale DAC unit at different inlet air velocities. The experiment showed that both the CO₂ capture rate and the capture amount depend on the unit’s inlet airflow velocity. Specifically, the CO₂ capture rate decreases with an increase in unit inlet airflow velocity, while the CO₂ capture amount increases. These data were used to validate our computational fluid dynamics analysis using a large eddy simulation (LES) approach. After validating the new boundary condition model with experimental data in still air, the LES simulations were extended to include the interaction of atmospheric boundary layer wind with individual DAC units. The CO₂ capture rate and capture amount are almost constant in still air, whilst they strongly fluctuate for wind speeds above 7 m/s. The amplitude of these fluctuations grows with increasing wind velocity. The LES results showed that when the wind velocity increased, both the CO₂ capture rate and the overall mean CO₂ capture amount of an individual DAC unit were reduced. In strong winds of 9 m/s, the total CO₂ mass removal was reduced by up to 7.5 % ± 6.5 % over one year. The new boundary condition model can more accurately predict the overall CO₂ capture characteristics of large-scale DAC plants in complex real environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on the conversion of CO2 into solid carbon materials","authors":"Bentolhoda Chenarani,&nbsp;Ahad Ghaemi,&nbsp;Alireza Hemmati","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into valuable solid carbon materials presents a promising approach for carbon utilization and climate change mitigation. This review systematically evaluates six major carbon allotropes: graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), fullerenes, diamonds, and porous carbon, with a focus on synthesis methods, operating conditions, and industrial feasibility. Among these, CNTs and CNFs show the highest potential, especially when produced via molten carbonate electrolysis or the Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP), which operate at approximately 750–770 °C and near-atmospheric pressure. These methods have demonstrated high carbon conversion efficiencies and significantly lower estimated production costs compared to conventional CVD techniques, due to their simpler operation and lower material costs. Graphene, although high in quality, requires approximately 1000 °C and expensive catalysts, making it less scalable. Fullerenes (C₆₀) and diamonds have very low yields (&lt;1 %) and require extreme pressures (up to 1000 atm), limiting their industrial use. Porous carbons, synthesized electrochemically or by metal/inorganic reduction at 500–850 °C, show promise for supercapacitors and adsorption, with yields up to 55.3 wt % and built-in doping capabilities. Metal-mediated methods using Mg, Zn, and NaBH₄ offer simplicity, moderate conditions, and tunable structures, while new hybrid approaches provide synergistic benefits. Overall, molten salt electrochemical methods are highly promising candidates for scalable and energy-efficient processes, supporting CO₂ valorization in sustainable carbon material production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous electrolytic methanol synthesis from air-captured CO2 at ordinary temperature and pressure","authors":"Yoshiyuki Sakamoto ,&nbsp;Yuna Takeno ,&nbsp;Yusaku F. Nishimura ,&nbsp;Yohsuke Mizutani ,&nbsp;Shintaro Mizuno ,&nbsp;Ryo Hishinuma ,&nbsp;Kazumasa Okamura ,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Takeda ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi ,&nbsp;Masaoki Iwasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A system for synthesizing methanol (MeOH) from carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air as a feedstock using electrical energy was developed to open a new avenue for atmospheric carbon capture and utilization. This system integrates three processes: direct air capture (DAC), direct carbonate reduction (DCR), and MeOH synthesis (MeS). A mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate aqueous solutions captures CO₂ from the air as carbonate ions. Carbonate ions in the solution are directly reduced electrolytically to carbon monoxide (CO) using a nanoporous gold electrocatalyst. The produced CO is subsequently reduced electrolytically to MeOH using a cobalt phthalocyanine/carbon nanotube electrocatalyst. The system operated stably for 1.5 h, showing continuous CO₂ capture and MeOH synthesis. This demonstrates the feasibility of the DAC-DCR-MeS integrated system operating under ordinary temperature and pressure conditions throughout all the steps. A notable feature of no need for high temperature or high pressure makes the system compatible with time-varying renewable energies including solar energy, which are essential for reducing net CO₂ emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid ionic liquid amine solvents for CO₂ capture from natural gas: a systematic review of techno-economic and environmental performance","authors":"Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi ,&nbsp;Bilal Kazmi ,&nbsp;Dagmar Juchelková ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahbaz ,&nbsp;Salman Raza Naqvi","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global transition to clean energy demands reliable low-carbon fuels, positioning natural gas (NG) as a critical bridge in mitigating climate change. Its lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to coal and oil, combined with abundant reserves, make NG a vital option for sustainable power generation and industrial use. However, its environmental benefits depend on effective purification, particularly CO₂ removal, which determines gas quality, efficiency, and processing costs. This study critically reviews recent developments (2000–2024) in CO₂ capture from NG using hybrid ionic liquid–amine systems, evaluating techno-economic and environmental performance. A systematic evaluation was performed using published experimental, modelling, and process simulation data. Published data concerning experimental, modelling, and techno-economic data were considered in a systematic evaluation to compare the performance of conventional absorption, adsorption, membrane, cryogenic and hybrid solvent processes. Hybrid IL–amine solvents achieve 93–98 % CO₂ capture efficiency with 20–30 % lower regeneration energy compared to MEA, although at TRL 5–6. These developments highlight the potential of NG to serve as a cleaner transitional fuel while reinforcing the need for integrated policies and technologies that ensure responsible production and utilization. Advancing purification technologies are therefore central to maximizing the role of natural gas in the global clean energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amine-functionalized MOF-based hybrid membranes for CO₂ separation: Molecular interactions and separation performance","authors":"Nadia Hartini Suhaimi ,&nbsp;Norwahyu Jusoh ,&nbsp;Boon Kar Yap ,&nbsp;Mohammad Nur-E-Alam ,&nbsp;Nonni Soraya Sambudi ,&nbsp;Li Sze Lai ,&nbsp;Amir Izzuddin Adnan","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer-filler incompatibility and interface defects are key challenges faced in hybrid membranes, hindering the effective separation performance in CO₂ separation applications. Ligand modification on the metal-organic framework (MOF)-based filler is a beneficial approach to overcome these challenges by creating hydrogen bonding, which positively impacts the interfacial compatibility. This review aims to elucidate the role of amine-functionalization (-NH₂) by discussing available synthesis techniques, its influence on the physicochemical properties of modified fillers, and macroscopic separation performance. Additionally, this review specifically highlights the NH₂ group interactions at the filler-polymer-gas interface, which contribute to positive CO₂ separation performance. Besides, the key challenges associated with adding amine-functionalized MOF-based filler within hybrid membranes are outlined, along with adaptive measures proposed in tackling these challenges. Overall, this review highlights the role of –NH₂ ligand modification in amine-functionalized MOF-based hybrid membranes, emphasizing current progress and outlining future potential to advance research in CO₂ separation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of oil recovery and CO2 retention in a greenfield residual oil zone: CO2-EOR in Tall Cotton Field (Permian Basin, West Texas, USA)","authors":"C. Özgen Karacan","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual oil zones (ROZs) can offer significant oil resources via enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as well as subsurface carbon dioxide (CO₂) retention during injection. If injected CO₂ is anthropogenic, the ROZs can offer a substantial geologic storage potential. The ROZs below the oil/water contact (OWC) of main pay zones (MPZ) in conventional reservoirs or brownfields, are more commonly developed for CO₂ injection and oil production and reported in the literature. However, CO₂-EOR in greenfield ROZs, reservoirs without a MPZ present, have rarely been developed for CO₂-EOR operation. The Tall Cotton Field of West Texas, Permian Basin, which started production in 2015 (Phase 1) and expanded in 2017 (Phase 2) from the San Andres Limestone, is one of the first examples of greenfield ROZs developed for EOR by injecting CO₂.</div><div>This paper analyses EOR and CO₂ retention performance of Tall Cotton Field using allocated injection and production data from inverted 5-spot well patterns of Phase-1 and -2 developments. Production and injection data allocated to each of the 28 identified patterns (nine 20-acre patterns for Phase-1, three 20-acre and sixteen 10-acre patterns for Phase-2) were analyzed for historical and forecasted oil recovery using ratio-trend decline analysis, and for CO₂ retention performance of the patterns. The allocated data were further used to calculate injected reservoir pore volume and void replacement ratios (VRR) for the analysis period. Quantitative results indicated that oil recovery factors of the 5-spot patterns varied between 4–10 %, and 5–30 % between the end of injection and the forecast periods, respectively. Storage of CO₂, on the other hand, increased to a mean value of ∼7130 MMscf per pattern in Phase-1 and to a mean storage of 3700 MMscf per pattern in Phase-2 until the end of injection, followed by a decline after the end of injection and into the forecast period. Resulting CO₂ utilization factors ∼6–50 Mscf/bbl were estimated at the end of injection. Overall, presented results suggested that developing greenfield ROZs for CO₂-EOR can be as promising as brownfield ROZs and mature MPZs for EOR and underground storage of injected CO₂. For Tall Cotton Field, results suggest that Phase-2 patterns generally outperformed Phase-1 for oil recovery factors, while Phase-1 performed better in CO₂ retention performance metrics. This is the first study in the literature that reports a detailed CO₂-EOR performance analysis of a greenfield ROZ in the Permian Basin, which can potentially allow for comparison with MPZs and brownfield ROZs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}