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How do CaO/CuO materials evolve in integrated calcium and chemical looping cycles?
Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100389
Yaoyao Zheng , Stuart A. Scott
Maintaining high CO2 uptake is critical for combined Ca-Cu looping applications, however, the long-term behaviour of combined Ca and Cu materials under repeated cycling conditions remains less understood. This study examined three materials with a fixed Cu/Ca mole ratio of 1.6 to analyse the material phase evolution and identify factors influencing CO2 uptake. The materials underwent 50 TGA cycles in two distinct looping applications: blast furnace gas (BFG) cycling (reduction-carbonation-oxidation) and flue gas cycling (carbonation-reduction-oxidation).
Different preparation methods significantly affected the initial phase distribution. The multi-grain precipitate material (MGP), prepared to minimise the chemical contact between Ca and Cu, primarily contained separate CaO and CuO phases; while the multi-stage mechanically mixed materials (MM1 and MM2), in which there was extensive contact between the Ca and Cu, exhibited mixed Ca-Cu-O phases along with separate CuO. However, the initial phase distribution had little influence on the longer-term CO2 uptake with the accessibility of CaO and cycling conditions having a more significant impact. BFG cycling consistently resulted 70–100; % greater CO2 uptake than flue gas cycling, highlighting the strong influence of cycling conditions.
{"title":"How do CaO/CuO materials evolve in integrated calcium and chemical looping cycles?","authors":"Yaoyao Zheng ,&nbsp;Stuart A. Scott","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining high CO<sub>2</sub> uptake is critical for combined Ca-Cu looping applications, however, the long-term behaviour of combined Ca and Cu materials under repeated cycling conditions remains less understood. This study examined three materials with a fixed Cu/Ca mole ratio of 1.6 to analyse the material phase evolution and identify factors influencing CO<sub>2</sub> uptake. The materials underwent 50 TGA cycles in two distinct looping applications: blast furnace gas (BFG) cycling (reduction-carbonation-oxidation) and flue gas cycling (carbonation-reduction-oxidation).</div><div>Different preparation methods significantly affected the initial phase distribution. The multi-grain precipitate material (MGP), prepared to minimise the chemical contact between Ca and Cu, primarily contained separate CaO and CuO phases; while the multi-stage mechanically mixed materials (MM1 and MM2), in which there was extensive contact between the Ca and Cu, exhibited mixed Ca-Cu-O phases along with separate CuO. However, the initial phase distribution had little influence on the longer-term CO<sub>2</sub> uptake with the accessibility of CaO and cycling conditions having a more significant impact. BFG cycling consistently resulted 70–100; % greater CO<sub>2</sub> uptake than flue gas cycling, highlighting the strong influence of cycling conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent advances and challenges in solid sorbents for CO2 capture
Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100386
Hamid Zentou , Bosirul Hoque , Mahmoud A. Abdalla , Ahmed F. Saber , Omar Y. Abdelaziz , Mansur Aliyu , Abdullah M. Alkhedhair , Abdullah J. Alabduly , Mahmoud M. Abdelnaby
Carbon capture is still a crucial technology for lowering CO₂ emissions, especially since fossil fuels persist in supplying a considerable share of global energy needs. Among different capture techniques, solid sorbents like activated carbon, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and porous organic polymers (POPs) are becoming prominent due to their excellent adsorption effectiveness, durability, and ease of operation. These substances present hopeful substitutes for traditional liquid amine scrubbing by addressing problems like energy-heavy regeneration, corrosion, and elevated solvent expenses. Nonetheless, major obstacles concerning scalability, cost efficiency, and energy demands for regeneration have impeded the broad industrial implementation of adsorption-based carbon capture. This review offers an extensive assessment of recent progress in solid sorbent technology, outlining the enhancement of material characteristics, functionalization methods, and synthesis processes that improve CO₂ capture efficiency. Furthermore, the document highlights the significance of thermodynamic stability, sorbent selectivity, and impurity tolerance to enhance adsorption efficiency in various operating conditions. This review seeks to offer a framework for tackling the technical and economic difficulties linked to these materials through a mix of experimental techniques, and techno-economic assessments. In conclusion, the knowledge acquired in this context aims to guide the creation and implementation of scalable, energy-efficient adsorption-based carbon capture technologies, facilitating their successful application in industrial settings and aiding worldwide CO₂ mitigation initiatives.
{"title":"Recent advances and challenges in solid sorbents for CO2 capture","authors":"Hamid Zentou ,&nbsp;Bosirul Hoque ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Abdalla ,&nbsp;Ahmed F. Saber ,&nbsp;Omar Y. Abdelaziz ,&nbsp;Mansur Aliyu ,&nbsp;Abdullah M. Alkhedhair ,&nbsp;Abdullah J. Alabduly ,&nbsp;Mahmoud M. Abdelnaby","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon capture is still a crucial technology for lowering CO₂ emissions, especially since fossil fuels persist in supplying a considerable share of global energy needs. Among different capture techniques, solid sorbents like activated carbon, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and porous organic polymers (POPs) are becoming prominent due to their excellent adsorption effectiveness, durability, and ease of operation. These substances present hopeful substitutes for traditional liquid amine scrubbing by addressing problems like energy-heavy regeneration, corrosion, and elevated solvent expenses. Nonetheless, major obstacles concerning scalability, cost efficiency, and energy demands for regeneration have impeded the broad industrial implementation of adsorption-based carbon capture. This review offers an extensive assessment of recent progress in solid sorbent technology, outlining the enhancement of material characteristics, functionalization methods, and synthesis processes that improve CO₂ capture efficiency. Furthermore, the document highlights the significance of thermodynamic stability, sorbent selectivity, and impurity tolerance to enhance adsorption efficiency in various operating conditions. This review seeks to offer a framework for tackling the technical and economic difficulties linked to these materials through a mix of experimental techniques, and techno-economic assessments. In conclusion, the knowledge acquired in this context aims to guide the creation and implementation of scalable, energy-efficient adsorption-based carbon capture technologies, facilitating their successful application in industrial settings and aiding worldwide CO₂ mitigation initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Developing non-aqueous slurry for CO2 capture
Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100385
Sahar Foorginezhad, Xiaoyan Ji
The urgency of mitigating CO2 emissions has become increasingly critical due to their detrimental effects on environmental sustainability and human health. Among emerging solutions, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have garnered attention for their high CO2 capture capacities. However, widespread application of DESs has been constrained by their inherent high viscosity and cost. To overcome these limitations, this study further explores the novel strategy, where cosolvent addition and immobilization are combined to develop a non-aqueous slurry for CO2 capture with high efficiency. Here, [MEACl][EDA] with (1:5) molar ratio is mixed with ethylene glycol (EG) to form a non-aqueous DES solution, and the DES is further immobilized into the mesoporous silica to form a composite and then mixed with the DES-EG solution to make a slurry. The CO2 capture tests demonstrated 15 wt.% capture capacity at 22 °C and 1 bar, and efficient sorption and desorption rates (0.34 and 0.38 mol CO2/(kg sorbent·min) within the initial 2 min). The slurry also exhibited promising cyclic performance with 96.4 % recovery together with minimal solvent loss of 0.97 % and almost intact structure after 120 hr of heating at 110 °C. The improved capture capacity and kinetics, especially for desorption, as well as enhanced thermal stability of the non-aqueous system highlight its potential for industrial applications.
{"title":"Developing non-aqueous slurry for CO2 capture","authors":"Sahar Foorginezhad,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgency of mitigating CO<sub>2</sub> emissions has become increasingly critical due to their detrimental effects on environmental sustainability and human health. Among emerging solutions, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have garnered attention for their high CO<sub>2</sub> capture capacities. However, widespread application of DESs has been constrained by their inherent high viscosity and cost. To overcome these limitations, this study further explores the novel strategy, where cosolvent addition and immobilization are combined to develop a non-aqueous slurry for CO<sub>2</sub> capture with high efficiency. Here, [MEACl][EDA] with (1:5) molar ratio is mixed with ethylene glycol (EG) to form a non-aqueous DES solution, and the DES is further immobilized into the mesoporous silica to form a composite and then mixed with the DES-EG solution to make a slurry. The CO<sub>2</sub> capture tests demonstrated 15 wt.% capture capacity at 22 °C and 1 bar, and efficient sorption and desorption rates (0.34 and 0.38 mol CO<sub>2</sub>/(kg sorbent·min) within the initial 2 min). The slurry also exhibited promising cyclic performance with 96.4 % recovery together with minimal solvent loss of 0.97 % and almost intact structure after 120 hr of heating at 110 °C. The improved capture capacity and kinetics, especially for desorption, as well as enhanced thermal stability of the non-aqueous system highlight its potential for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CO2 capture performance and foaming mechanism of modified amine-based absorbents: A study based on molecular dynamics
Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100384
Yucong Ge , Zeyu Wang , Li Yang , Xunxuan Heng , Zhenzhen Zhang , Yi Wang , Fang Liu , Xiao Yang , Bo Liu , Kunlei Liu
Efficient and sustainable CO2 capture technologies are key to addressing global climate change; however, existing amine-based absorbents still have limitations in terms of reaction efficiency and energy consumption. This study investigates the modification of amine-based absorbents, including monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), using the surfactant Fatty Alcohol Polyoxyethylene Ether-9 (AEO-9). The CO2 capture performance, product accumulation, and molecular interaction mechanisms were systematically examined. The results show that the inclusion of AEO-9 reduces the surface tension of the absorbent by 41.4 %–49.1 %, enhancing the foaming properties and improving CO2 removal efficiency by 22.3 %–41.5 %. Additionally, the absorption performance of some rate-amine blends after foaming is better than pure MEA, suggesting their potential to reduce energy consumption and mitigate equipment corrosion. 13C NMR and FTIR characterization confirmed the formation and accumulation of reaction products. Molecular dynamics simulations further revealed that the surfactant enhances molecular cooperation by optimizing the density and dynamic characteristics of the solvation shell. Meanwhile, the modified system showed increased hydrogen bond length and bond angle, weakening network rigidity and improving intermolecular mobility. This study demonstrates the potential of foaming absorbents in CO2 capture and introduces a novel approach to enhancing absorbent performance through interfacial regulation and microstructural optimization, providing important theoretical and practical insights for the development of efficient, low-energy carbon capture technologies.
{"title":"CO2 capture performance and foaming mechanism of modified amine-based absorbents: A study based on molecular dynamics","authors":"Yucong Ge ,&nbsp;Zeyu Wang ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Xunxuan Heng ,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Fang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao Yang ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Kunlei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient and sustainable CO<sub>2</sub> capture technologies are key to addressing global climate change; however, existing amine-based absorbents still have limitations in terms of reaction efficiency and energy consumption. This study investigates the modification of amine-based absorbents, including monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), using the surfactant Fatty Alcohol Polyoxyethylene Ether-9 (AEO-9). The CO<sub>2</sub> capture performance, product accumulation, and molecular interaction mechanisms were systematically examined. The results show that the inclusion of AEO-9 reduces the surface tension of the absorbent by 41.4 %–49.1 %, enhancing the foaming properties and improving CO<sub>2</sub> removal efficiency by 22.3 %–41.5 %. Additionally, the absorption performance of some rate-amine blends after foaming is better than pure MEA, suggesting their potential to reduce energy consumption and mitigate equipment corrosion. <sup>13</sup>C NMR and FTIR characterization confirmed the formation and accumulation of reaction products. Molecular dynamics simulations further revealed that the surfactant enhances molecular cooperation by optimizing the density and dynamic characteristics of the solvation shell. Meanwhile, the modified system showed increased hydrogen bond length and bond angle, weakening network rigidity and improving intermolecular mobility. This study demonstrates the potential of foaming absorbents in CO<sub>2</sub> capture and introduces a novel approach to enhancing absorbent performance through interfacial regulation and microstructural optimization, providing important theoretical and practical insights for the development of efficient, low-energy carbon capture technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sulfur-vulcanized CoFe2O4 with high-efficiency photo-to-thermal conversion for enhanced CO2 reduction and mechanistic insights into selectivity
Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100377
Xiaoke Chen , Ming Cai , Pengwei Huo , Yan Yan , Yue Zhang , Pengxin Li , Zhi Zhu
Semiconductor photocatalysts often exhibit low CO2 reduction activity due to inherent limitations. Photothermal (PTT) processes have emerged as crucial for enhancing this activity, yet investigations in this area remain sparse. This study introduces a novel CoFe2O3.5S0.5 photothermal catalyst, synthesized via hydrothermal methods with particle sizes ranging from 5 to 10 nm. Comparative analysis reveals that the CO yield from the as-prepared catalyst surpasses that of CoFe2O4 by 8.9 times, achieving 100% selectivity. The integration of sulfur significantly boosts near-infrared light absorption and promotes the conversion of light to thermal energy, enabling the catalyst to reach 185 °C within 300 ss. This rapid temperature escalation facilitates the swift separation of charge carriers. Additionally, the adsorption of CO2 and the dynamics of surface intermediates were thoroughly examined using in situ FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical models, identifying COOH* as the pivotal intermediate and the bottleneck in the reaction pathway. Our findings rectify gaps in prior studies and offer a foundational reference for further exploration of product selectivity in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2.
{"title":"Sulfur-vulcanized CoFe2O4 with high-efficiency photo-to-thermal conversion for enhanced CO2 reduction and mechanistic insights into selectivity","authors":"Xiaoke Chen ,&nbsp;Ming Cai ,&nbsp;Pengwei Huo ,&nbsp;Yan Yan ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengxin Li ,&nbsp;Zhi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Semiconductor photocatalysts often exhibit low CO<sub>2</sub> reduction activity due to inherent limitations. Photothermal (PTT) processes have emerged as crucial for enhancing this activity, yet investigations in this area remain sparse. This study introduces a novel CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3.5</sub>S<sub>0.5</sub> photothermal catalyst, synthesized via hydrothermal methods with particle sizes ranging from 5 to 10 nm. Comparative analysis reveals that the CO yield from the as-prepared catalyst surpasses that of CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> by 8.9 times, achieving 100% selectivity. The integration of sulfur significantly boosts near-infrared light absorption and promotes the conversion of light to thermal energy, enabling the catalyst to reach 185 °C within 300 ss. This rapid temperature escalation facilitates the swift separation of charge carriers. Additionally, the adsorption of CO<sub>2</sub> and the dynamics of surface intermediates were thoroughly examined using <em>in situ</em> FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical models, identifying COOH* as the pivotal intermediate and the bottleneck in the reaction pathway. Our findings rectify gaps in prior studies and offer a foundational reference for further exploration of product selectivity in the photocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Technical, economic and lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions analyses of solid sorbent direct air capture technologies
Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100380
Sylvanus Lilonfe , Sarah Rodgers , Amir F.N. Abdul-Manan , Ioanna Dimitriou , Jon McKechnie
Achieving net zero emissions by 2050 will require the development of cost-effective and CO2-efficient direct air capture (DAC) technology to remove atmospheric CO2. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of five solid sorbents under different technology scenarios to determine the design, operations, cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of DAC technologies. The cost and GHG emissions of the five solid sorbents ranged from $20241,200–40,400/t sorbent and 3.1–12.3 tCO2e/t sorbent in 2024, respectively, mainly driven by the raw materials used for sorbent manufacture. Cost estimates for the best capture technologies ranged from $202497–168/gross tCO2 captured [$2024126–170/net tCO2 captured] in 2025 and can be further reduced to $202487–140/gross tCO2 captured [$202493–142/net tCO2 captured] in 2050. The costs of DAC are heavily influenced by: (i) economic factors (i.e. capital expenses and energy costs), (ii) design elements (i.e. plant scale) and (iii) technical parameters (i.e. sorbent's adsorption rate and time). Conversely, the GHG emissions of DAC are mostly determined by the source of energy. Price signals in existing carbon markets are inadequate to support a DAC project, but a forecasted carbon price increase to $140–240/tCO2 by 2030–2050 could make DAC commercially viable.
{"title":"Technical, economic and lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions analyses of solid sorbent direct air capture technologies","authors":"Sylvanus Lilonfe ,&nbsp;Sarah Rodgers ,&nbsp;Amir F.N. Abdul-Manan ,&nbsp;Ioanna Dimitriou ,&nbsp;Jon McKechnie","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving net zero emissions by 2050 will require the development of cost-effective and CO<sub>2</sub>-efficient direct air capture (DAC) technology to remove atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of five solid sorbents under different technology scenarios to determine the design, operations, cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of DAC technologies. The cost and GHG emissions of the five solid sorbents ranged from $<sub>2024</sub>1,200–40,400/t sorbent and 3.1–12.3 tCO<sub>2</sub>e/t sorbent in 2024, respectively, mainly driven by the raw materials used for sorbent manufacture. Cost estimates for the best capture technologies ranged from $<sub>2024</sub>97–168/gross tCO<sub>2</sub> captured [$<sub>2024</sub>126–170/net tCO<sub>2</sub> captured] in 2025 and can be further reduced to $<sub>2024</sub>87–140/gross tCO<sub>2</sub> captured [$<sub>2024</sub>93–142/net tCO<sub>2</sub> captured] in 2050. The costs of DAC are heavily influenced by: (i) economic factors (i.e. capital expenses and energy costs), (ii) design elements (i.e. plant scale) and (iii) technical parameters (i.e. sorbent's adsorption rate and time). Conversely, the GHG emissions of DAC are mostly determined by the source of energy. Price signals in existing carbon markets are inadequate to support a DAC project, but a forecasted carbon price increase to $140–240/tCO<sub>2</sub> by 2030–2050 could make DAC commercially viable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research on the effect of selective adsorption of CO2 by C@Fe3O4 for H2 purification
Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100383
Longlong Lei , Hang Yuan , Hongguang Zhu , Jie Ma , Fanghui Pan , Fulu Lu
In the context of global efforts to address climate change, capturing and storing CO2, as well as developing hydrogen energy, have emerged as widely recognized effective methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, the process of hydrogen production through the gasification and reforming of organic fuels necessitates the separation and purification of H2 from CO2. Although various technological pathways have been proposed in this research field, issues such as low separation efficiency, high energy consumption, and high costs are prevalent to varying degrees across these different methods. This study is based on reports of the strong interaction between ferric oxide (Fe3O4) and CO2, as well as the magnetic exclusion of hydrogen gas. This study hypothesize carbon-coated magnetite (C@Fe3O4) as a material with selective adsorption of CO2, enabling efficient separation of H2 and CO2. To test this hypothesis, this study synthesized C@Fe3O4 and conducted isothermal adsorption tests to determine the adsorption curves for H2 and CO2, along with calculations for adsorption selectivity. The results indicated that C@Fe3O4 exhibited good selectivity for CO2 over H2 under ambient conditions. Penetration experiments further confirmed that the separation ratio for H2 and CO2 reached as high as 13.6. Comparative experiments with porous carbon materials lacking the Fe3O4 core, along with characterization analyses of C@Fe3O4, validated the dual mechanism at play: the strong adsorption of CO2 by the Fe3O4 core and the magnetic exclusion of hydrogen. The carbon coating did not inhibit the strong adsorption of CO2 by Fe3O4 but also provided a barrier that prevented direct contact between H2 and Fe3O4, mitigating any potential reduction reactions that could lead to magnetic decay. Moreover, the petal-like carbon-coated structure increased the volumetric CO2 adsorption capacity of the material. Although the high density of the Fe3O4 crystalline core resulted in modest mass adsorption capacity, the unique layered carbon structure enhanced the specific surface area. This dual effect led to a volumetric CO2 adsorption capacity of 1.32 mmol/cm³, surpassing that of most existing porous carbon materials, and the CO2/H2 adsorption ratio also exceeded that of many carbon materials.
{"title":"Research on the effect of selective adsorption of CO2 by C@Fe3O4 for H2 purification","authors":"Longlong Lei ,&nbsp;Hang Yuan ,&nbsp;Hongguang Zhu ,&nbsp;Jie Ma ,&nbsp;Fanghui Pan ,&nbsp;Fulu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of global efforts to address climate change, capturing and storing CO<sub>2</sub>, as well as developing hydrogen energy, have emerged as widely recognized effective methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, the process of hydrogen production through the gasification and reforming of organic fuels necessitates the separation and purification of H<sub>2</sub> from CO<sub>2</sub>. Although various technological pathways have been proposed in this research field, issues such as low separation efficiency, high energy consumption, and high costs are prevalent to varying degrees across these different methods. This study is based on reports of the strong interaction between ferric oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and CO<sub>2</sub>, as well as the magnetic exclusion of hydrogen gas. This study hypothesize carbon-coated magnetite (C@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) as a material with selective adsorption of CO<sub>2</sub>, enabling efficient separation of H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>. To test this hypothesis, this study synthesized C@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and conducted isothermal adsorption tests to determine the adsorption curves for H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>, along with calculations for adsorption selectivity. The results indicated that C@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> exhibited good selectivity for CO<sub>2</sub> over H<sub>2</sub> under ambient conditions. Penetration experiments further confirmed that the separation ratio for H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> reached as high as 13.6. Comparative experiments with porous carbon materials lacking the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core, along with characterization analyses of C@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, validated the dual mechanism at play: the strong adsorption of CO<sub>2</sub> by the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core and the magnetic exclusion of hydrogen. The carbon coating did not inhibit the strong adsorption of CO<sub>2</sub> by Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> but also provided a barrier that prevented direct contact between H<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, mitigating any potential reduction reactions that could lead to magnetic decay. Moreover, the petal-like carbon-coated structure increased the volumetric CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of the material. Although the high density of the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> crystalline core resulted in modest mass adsorption capacity, the unique layered carbon structure enhanced the specific surface area. This dual effect led to a volumetric CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of 1.32 mmol/cm³, surpassing that of most existing porous carbon materials, and the CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub> adsorption ratio also exceeded that of many carbon materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning-assisted development of gas separation membranes: A review
Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100374
An Li, Jianchun Chu, Shaoxuan Huang, Yongqi Liu, Maogang He, Xiangyang Liu
Gas separation membranes have been a hot topic of research in recent decades due to their low costs, high energy efficiency and wide range of applications. Machine learning provide a fast way to design gas separation membranes with required performance. This review systematically describes the process of machine learning-assisted gas separation membrane development. In addition, the experimental data on CO2/CH4, CO2/N2 and O2/N2 separation performance were summarized to provide basis for future work on machine learning-assisted design of gas separation membrane for carbon dioxide capture, and natural gas purification as well as oxygen or nitrogen enrichment. Moreover, we discuss the classical materials that make up gas separation membranes, including MOFs, polymers and COFs, and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the different materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges in the development of machine learning method for next-generation gas separation membranes.
{"title":"Machine learning-assisted development of gas separation membranes: A review","authors":"An Li,&nbsp;Jianchun Chu,&nbsp;Shaoxuan Huang,&nbsp;Yongqi Liu,&nbsp;Maogang He,&nbsp;Xiangyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas separation membranes have been a hot topic of research in recent decades due to their low costs, high energy efficiency and wide range of applications. Machine learning provide a fast way to design gas separation membranes with required performance. This review systematically describes the process of machine learning-assisted gas separation membrane development. In addition, the experimental data on CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> separation performance were summarized to provide basis for future work on machine learning-assisted design of gas separation membrane for carbon dioxide capture, and natural gas purification as well as oxygen or nitrogen enrichment. Moreover, we discuss the classical materials that make up gas separation membranes, including MOFs, polymers and COFs, and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the different materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges in the development of machine learning method for next-generation gas separation membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modulation strategy and effect of metal-support interaction over catalysts for carbon dioxide methanation
Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100381
Shuaishuai Lyu , Dejian Zhao , Hao Zhang , Hongwei Li , Fuli Wen , Qiuming Zhou , Rongjun Zhang , Yu Wu , Chaopeng Hou , Guofu Xia , Run Xu , Xingang Li
Carbon dioxide (CO2) methanation is an essential technology for addressing global challenges such as sustainable energy storage, space exploration, and the reduction of CO2 emission. This technology has attracted broad attention in recent years. To really implement the CO2 methanation process, it is crucial to design stable and highly effective catalysts. The activity and selectivity of heterogeneous catalysts can be efficiently tuned by controlling the metal-support interaction, and this strategy has been widely used in the catalyst design for CO2 methanation. In fact, the catalytic activity can be enhanced by up to ∼25 times in a CO2 methanation catalyst due to metal-support interaction. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on metal-support interaction in heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 methanation. At first, we will systemically discuss the effect of metal-support interaction in CO2 methanation catalysts, followed by a detailed introduction to its modulation strategy. Through quantitative analysis, we will point out changing chemical composition of catalyst support is the most efficient method to enhance the catalytic performance, and the primary goal of catalyst design is the modulation of electron transfer between metal particles and the support. We will also sketch the potential research direction of this promising field.
{"title":"Modulation strategy and effect of metal-support interaction over catalysts for carbon dioxide methanation","authors":"Shuaishuai Lyu ,&nbsp;Dejian Zhao ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Li ,&nbsp;Fuli Wen ,&nbsp;Qiuming Zhou ,&nbsp;Rongjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Wu ,&nbsp;Chaopeng Hou ,&nbsp;Guofu Xia ,&nbsp;Run Xu ,&nbsp;Xingang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) methanation is an essential technology for addressing global challenges such as sustainable energy storage, space exploration, and the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> emission. This technology has attracted broad attention in recent years. To really implement the CO<sub>2</sub> methanation process, it is crucial to design stable and highly effective catalysts. The activity and selectivity of heterogeneous catalysts can be efficiently tuned by controlling the metal-support interaction, and this strategy has been widely used in the catalyst design for CO<sub>2</sub> methanation. In fact, the catalytic activity can be enhanced by up to ∼25 times in a CO<sub>2</sub> methanation catalyst due to metal-support interaction. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on metal-support interaction in heterogeneous catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> methanation. At first, we will systemically discuss the effect of metal-support interaction in CO<sub>2</sub> methanation catalysts, followed by a detailed introduction to its modulation strategy. Through quantitative analysis, we will point out changing chemical composition of catalyst support is the most efficient method to enhance the catalytic performance, and the primary goal of catalyst design is the modulation of electron transfer between metal particles and the support. We will also sketch the potential research direction of this promising field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pyrolysis-catalytic gasification of plastic waste for hydrogen-rich syngas production with hybrid-functional Ni-CaOCa2SiO4 catalyst
Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100382
Tian Heng Qin , Guozhao Ji , Boyu Qu , Alan J McCue , Shaoliang Guan , Jos Derksen , Ye Shui Zhang
The production of H2-rich syngas from pyrolysis-catalytic gasification of plastic waste bottles has been investigated. The hybrid-functional materials consisting of Ni as catalyst, CaO as CO2 sorbent and Ca2SiO4 as a polymorphic active spacer were synthesized. The different parameters (Ni loading, temperature, N2 flow rate and feedstock-to-catalyst ratio) have been investigated to optimise the H2 production. The catalysts were analysed by N2 physisorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyse the carbon formation on the used catalysts. The highest H2 production of 59.15 mmol g-1of plastic was obtained in the presence of a catalyst with 20 wt.% Ni loading, which amounts to H2 purity as high as 54.2 vol% in gas production. Furthermore, 90.63 mmol g-1of plastic of syngas was produced by increasing the feedstock-to-catalyst ratio to 4:1, yielding 84.4 vol.% of total gas product (53.1 vol.% of H2 and 31.3 vol.% of CO, respectively). The Ni-CaOCa2SiO4 hybrid-functional material is a very promising catalyst in the pyrolysis-catalytic gasification process by capturing CO2 as it is produced, therefore shifting the water gas shift (WGS) reaction to enhance H2 production from plastic waste. Detailed elucidation of the roles of each component at the microscale during the catalytic process was also provided through in-situ TEM analysis. The finding could guide the industry for future large-scale application to convert abundant plastic waste into H2-rich syngas, therefore contributing to the global ‘net zero’ ambition.
{"title":"Pyrolysis-catalytic gasification of plastic waste for hydrogen-rich syngas production with hybrid-functional Ni-CaOCa2SiO4 catalyst","authors":"Tian Heng Qin ,&nbsp;Guozhao Ji ,&nbsp;Boyu Qu ,&nbsp;Alan J McCue ,&nbsp;Shaoliang Guan ,&nbsp;Jos Derksen ,&nbsp;Ye Shui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of H<sub>2</sub>-rich syngas from pyrolysis-catalytic gasification of plastic waste bottles has been investigated. The hybrid-functional materials consisting of Ni as catalyst, CaO as CO<sub>2</sub> sorbent and Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> as a polymorphic active spacer were synthesized. The different parameters (Ni loading, temperature, N<sub>2</sub> flow rate and feedstock-to-catalyst ratio) have been investigated to optimise the H<sub>2</sub> production. The catalysts were analysed by N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and <em>in-situ</em> Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyse the carbon formation on the used catalysts. The highest H<sub>2</sub> production of 59.15 mmol g<sup>-1</sup><sub>of plastic</sub> was obtained in the presence of a catalyst with 20 wt.% Ni loading, which amounts to H<sub>2</sub> purity as high as 54.2 vol% in gas production. Furthermore, 90.63 mmol g<sup>-1</sup><sub>of plastic</sub> of syngas was produced by increasing the feedstock-to-catalyst ratio to 4:1, yielding 84.4 vol.% of total gas product (53.1 vol.% of H<sub>2</sub> and 31.3 vol.% of CO, respectively). The Ni-CaO<img>Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> hybrid-functional material is a very promising catalyst in the pyrolysis-catalytic gasification process by capturing CO<sub>2</sub> as it is produced, therefore shifting the water gas shift (WGS) reaction to enhance H<sub>2</sub> production from plastic waste. Detailed elucidation of the roles of each component at the microscale during the catalytic process was also provided through <em>in-situ</em> TEM analysis. The finding could guide the industry for future large-scale application to convert abundant plastic waste into H<sub>2</sub>-rich syngas, therefore contributing to the global ‘net zero’ ambition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Carbon Capture Science & Technology
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