Carbon Capture Science & Technology最新文献_第4页

Diffusion explorer for the COF space: Data-driven discovery of high-performing COF membranes for gas separations COF空间的扩散探索者：数据驱动的高性能气体分离COF膜的发现

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100559

Gokhan Onder Aksu, Seda Keskin

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as highly promising candidates for membrane-based gas separations, exhibiting superior performance relative to conventional membrane materials. Nevertheless, the rapidly expanding number of COFs renders the experimental evaluation of each material’s membrane performance infeasible. In this study, we investigated the COF space comprising approximately 70,000 synthesized and hypothetical materials using high-throughput molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and machine learning (ML) for computing the diffusivities of CO₂, CH₄, H₂, N₂, and O₂ gases. We generated an online toolbox by integrating our ML models to estimate gas diffusivities of any given COF material in seconds. Using the ML-predicted diffusivities, gas permeabilities and selectivities of COF membranes were assessed for seven industrially relevant separations; CO₂/CH₄, CO₂/N₂, H₂/CO₂, H₂/N₂, H₂/CH₄, O₂/N₂, N₂/CH₄. The performance of COF membranes was compared to traditional membrane materials, and the most promising COFs were identified and analyzed using molecular fingerprinting to reveal the critical structural and chemical features for accelerating the design of next-generation COF membranes.

共价有机框架（COFs）最近成为膜基气体分离的极有前途的候选者，相对于传统的膜材料具有优越的性能。然而，COFs数量的迅速增加使得对每种材料的膜性能进行实验评估变得不可行。在这项研究中，我们使用高通量分子动力学（MD）模拟和机器学习（ML）来计算CO2， CH4, H2， N2和O2气体的扩散系数，研究了由大约70,000种合成和假设材料组成的COF空间。我们通过集成我们的ML模型生成了一个在线工具箱，可以在几秒钟内估计任何给定COF材料的气体扩散率。利用机器学习预测的扩散系数，对7个工业相关分离的COF膜的气体渗透性和选择性进行了评估；Co2 / ch4 Co2 / n2 h2 / Co2 h2 / n2 h2 / n2 h2 / ch4 o2 / n2 n2 / ch4。将COF膜的性能与传统膜材料进行了比较，并利用分子指纹技术对最有前途的COF膜进行了鉴定和分析，揭示了COF膜的关键结构和化学特征，从而加快了下一代COF膜的设计。

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引用次数: 0

Room temperature conversion of CO2 to graphene allotropes in low-melting-point liquid metal electrocatalytic reactor – hydrodynamics control through inverted gas bubbler design 低熔点液态金属电催化反应器中二氧化碳室温转化为石墨烯同素异形体——通过倒置气泡器设计的流体动力学控制

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2026.100587

Mohamed A. Alyassi , Priyanka Kumari , Harikrishnan Balakrishnan , Chang Ying Shi , Blaise L. Tardy , Ricardo P. Nogueira , Ludovic F. Dumée

Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction presents a promising route for CO₂ utilization into high-value carbon-based products but is often hindered by inefficient gas diffusion towards, and product transport from, the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of porous electrodes. This study employs a room-temperature liquid metal (RTLM) electro-catalyst combined with controlled CO₂ bubbling to enhance the production of solid carbon materials, including carbon black, graphene sheets, and graphitic structures under ambient conditions. A custom-designed electrochemical cell was employed to address mass-transport limitations commonly encountered in conventional CO₂ purging configurations. The cell incorporates 3D-printed bubblers positioned to generate an inverted (i.e., positive) CO₂ concentration gradient. As a result, the local CO₂ concentration is highest at the liquid metal | electrolyte interface, thereby improving CO₂ availability at the electrochemically active region and mitigating diffusion-related limitations. This setup increases current densities at low potentials, reaching a ca. 15-fold increase in current density was observed at -1.6 V vs. RHE. Additionally, using RTLM with a nonaqueous electrolyte presented a way to suppress significant side reactions, such as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), while favoring carbon-based species precipitation

电化学二氧化碳（CO 2）还原是将CO 2利用到高价值碳基产品的一种很有前途的途径，但由于气体向多孔电极的电化学活性表面积（ECSA）扩散和产品从ECSA运输效率低下，常常受到阻碍。本研究采用室温液态金属（RTLM）电催化剂结合可控CO₂鼓泡，在室温条件下提高了固体碳材料的产量，包括炭黑、石墨烯片和石墨结构。采用定制设计的电化学电池来解决传统CO₂净化配置中常见的质量传输限制。该电池集成了3d打印的起泡器，定位为产生反向（即正）CO₂浓度梯度。因此，液态金属|电解质界面处的局部CO₂浓度最高，从而提高了电化学活性区域的CO₂可用性，减轻了与扩散相关的限制。这种设置增加了低电位下的电流密度，与RHE相比，在-1.6 V时观察到电流密度增加了约15倍。此外，将RTLM与非水电解质一起使用，可以抑制显着的副反应，如析氢反应（HER），同时有利于碳基物质的沉淀

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review on the conversion of CO2 into solid carbon materials 二氧化碳转化为固体碳材料的研究综述

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100547

Bentolhoda Chenarani, Ahad Ghaemi, Alireza Hemmati

The conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into valuable solid carbon materials presents a promising approach for carbon utilization and climate change mitigation. This review systematically evaluates six major carbon allotropes: graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), fullerenes, diamonds, and porous carbon, with a focus on synthesis methods, operating conditions, and industrial feasibility. Among these, CNTs and CNFs show the highest potential, especially when produced via molten carbonate electrolysis or the Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process (STEP), which operate at approximately 750–770 °C and near-atmospheric pressure. These methods have demonstrated high carbon conversion efficiencies and significantly lower estimated production costs compared to conventional CVD techniques, due to their simpler operation and lower material costs. Graphene, although high in quality, requires approximately 1000 °C and expensive catalysts, making it less scalable. Fullerenes (C₆₀) and diamonds have very low yields (<1 %) and require extreme pressures (up to 1000 atm), limiting their industrial use. Porous carbons, synthesized electrochemically or by metal/inorganic reduction at 500–850 °C, show promise for supercapacitors and adsorption, with yields up to 55.3 wt % and built-in doping capabilities. Metal-mediated methods using Mg, Zn, and NaBH₄ offer simplicity, moderate conditions, and tunable structures, while new hybrid approaches provide synergistic benefits. Overall, molten salt electrochemical methods are highly promising candidates for scalable and energy-efficient processes, supporting CO₂ valorization in sustainable carbon material production.

将二氧化碳（CO2）转化为有价值的固体碳材料是碳利用和减缓气候变化的一种有前途的方法。本文系统评价了六种主要的碳同素异形体：石墨烯、碳纳米管（CNTs）、碳纳米纤维（CNFs）、富勒烯、金刚石和多孔碳，重点介绍了合成方法、操作条件和工业可行性。其中，碳纳米管和CNFs表现出最大的潜力，特别是通过熔融碳酸盐电解或太阳能热电化学过程（STEP）生产时，其工作温度约为750-770°C，接近大气压。与传统的CVD技术相比，这些方法具有较高的碳转化效率和显著降低的估计生产成本，因为它们的操作更简单，材料成本更低。石墨烯虽然质量很高，但需要大约1000°C的温度和昂贵的催化剂，这使得它的可扩展性较差。富勒烯（C60）和钻石的产率非常低（1%），并且需要极高的压力（高达1000 atm），限制了它们的工业应用。多孔碳，在500-850℃下通过电化学或金属/无机还原合成，有望用于超级电容器和吸附，收率高达55.3% wt %，并具有内置掺杂能力。使用Mg、Zn和NaBH4的金属介导方法具有简单、条件适中和结构可调的优点，而新的混合方法具有协同效应。总的来说，熔盐电化学方法是非常有前途的可扩展和节能工艺，支持可持续碳材料生产中的二氧化碳增值。

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引用次数: 0

Hybrid ionic liquid amine solvents for CO₂ capture from natural gas: a systematic review of techno-economic and environmental performance 用于从天然气中捕集二氧化碳的混合离子液体胺溶剂：技术、经济和环境性能的系统综述

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100549

Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi , Bilal Kazmi , Dagmar Juchelková , Muhammad Shahbaz , Salman Raza Naqvi

The global transition to clean energy demands reliable low-carbon fuels, positioning natural gas (NG) as a critical bridge in mitigating climate change. Its lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to coal and oil, combined with abundant reserves, make NG a vital option for sustainable power generation and industrial use. However, its environmental benefits depend on effective purification, particularly CO₂ removal, which determines gas quality, efficiency, and processing costs. This study critically reviews recent developments (2000–2024) in CO₂ capture from NG using hybrid ionic liquid–amine systems, evaluating techno-economic and environmental performance. A systematic evaluation was performed using published experimental, modelling, and process simulation data. Published data concerning experimental, modelling, and techno-economic data were considered in a systematic evaluation to compare the performance of conventional absorption, adsorption, membrane, cryogenic and hybrid solvent processes. Hybrid IL–amine solvents achieve 93–98 % CO₂ capture efficiency with 20–30 % lower regeneration energy compared to MEA, although at TRL 5–6. These developments highlight the potential of NG to serve as a cleaner transitional fuel while reinforcing the need for integrated policies and technologies that ensure responsible production and utilization. Advancing purification technologies are therefore central to maximizing the role of natural gas in the global clean energy transition.

全球向清洁能源的转型需要可靠的低碳燃料，天然气被定位为减缓气候变化的关键桥梁。与煤炭和石油相比，天然气的温室气体排放量更低，加上储量丰富，使其成为可持续发电和工业使用的重要选择。然而，它的环境效益取决于有效的净化，特别是CO₂的去除，这决定了气体的质量、效率和处理成本。本研究批判性地回顾了使用混合离子液体-胺系统从天然气中捕集CO₂的最新进展（2000-2024），评估了技术经济和环境性能。使用已发表的实验、建模和过程模拟数据进行系统评估。在系统评估中考虑了有关实验、建模和技术经济数据的公开数据，以比较传统吸收、吸附、膜、低温和混合溶剂工艺的性能。混合il -胺溶剂达到93 - 98%的CO₂捕获效率，与MEA相比，再生能量低20 - 30%，尽管TRL为5-6。这些发展突出了天然气作为一种更清洁的过渡燃料的潜力，同时加强了确保负责任的生产和利用的综合政策和技术的必要性。因此，先进的净化技术对于最大限度地发挥天然气在全球清洁能源转型中的作用至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

3D seismic-based structural and slip tendency analysis of a depleted reservoir offshore South Africa: Implications for safe CO2 storage 基于三维地震的南非近海枯竭油藏结构和滑动趋势分析：对CO2安全储存的影响

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100564

S. Mhlambi , O.E. Eruteya , A. Moscariello , E. Samankassou , J.M. van Bever Donker

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is increasingly recognised as a key enabler of a low-carbon energy future, with growing importance for reducing anthropogenic CO₂ emissions in resource-rich countries such as South Africa. The long-term success of CCS depends on the availability of secure storage capacity and a robust geomechanical understanding of injection sites, particularly in structurally complex, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study presents one of the first reservoir-scale integrated deterministic and probabilistic assessments of fault slip potential (FSP) applied to a depleted offshore gas reservoir in the Bredasdorp Basin. A high-resolution 3D seismic dataset was interpreted to characterise the fault network and construct a structural framework comprising fifty (50) selected faults within a syn-rift sandstone reservoir. This framework underpins a combined deterministic geomechanical and probabilistic sensitivity-modelling workflow to evaluate fault reactivation risk during CO₂ injection, using a simplified radial pressure-diffusion formulation.

Results show that faults proximal to injection wells exhibit elevated slip potential due to their orientation relative to the regional stress field and their spatial association with pressure build-up. Sensitivity analyses indicate that pore-pressure increase is the dominant control on slip potential, followed by fault friction coefficient (µ), fault strike, and stress-field uncertainty. Variations in permeability primarily affect the magnitude and persistence of pressure build-up, while variations in μ govern slip-onset thresholds. Faults within ∼5 km of injection wells are most susceptible to reactivation. Time-dependent modelling highlights elevated risk during late-stage injection and early post-injection pressure redistribution, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring and adaptive pressure management. Overall, the study provides a rigorous, fault-specific geomechanical framework for CCS operations, and emphasises the importance of explicitly incorporating uncertainty into CCS risk assessments.

碳捕获与封存（CCS）技术越来越被认为是低碳能源未来的关键推动者，在南非等资源丰富的国家，它对减少人为二氧化碳排放的重要性越来越大。CCS的长期成功取决于能否获得安全的储存能力和对注入部位的地质力学了解，特别是在结构复杂、枯竭的油气藏中。该研究首次在储层尺度上对断层滑动潜力（FSP）进行了确定性和概率综合评估，并应用于Bredasdorp盆地的一个枯竭海上气藏。研究人员利用高分辨率三维地震数据集来描述断层网络，并在同裂谷砂岩储层中构建了一个由50条精选断层组成的构造框架。该框架支持确定性地质力学和概率敏感性建模相结合的工作流程，使用简化的径向压力扩散公式来评估CO₂注入期间断层重新激活的风险。结果表明，注水井附近的断层由于其相对于区域应力场的方向以及与压力积累的空间关联而表现出较高的滑动潜力。敏感性分析表明，孔隙压力的增加是控制滑动势的主要因素，其次是断层摩擦系数（µ）、断层走向和应力场不确定性。渗透率的变化主要影响压力积聚的大小和持续时间，而μ的变化则控制起滑阈值。距注水井5公里以内的断层最容易被重新激活。时间依赖模型强调了注入后期和注入后早期压力重新分配的风险增加，强调了持续监测和自适应压力管理的必要性。总的来说，该研究为CCS作业提供了一个严格的、断层特定的地质力学框架，并强调了将不确定性明确纳入CCS风险评估的重要性。

{"title":"3D seismic-based structural and slip tendency analysis of a depleted reservoir offshore South Africa: Implications for safe CO2 storage","authors":"S. Mhlambi , O.E. Eruteya , A. Moscariello , E. Samankassou , J.M. van Bever Donker","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is increasingly recognised as a key enabler of a low-carbon energy future, with growing importance for reducing anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in resource-rich countries such as South Africa. The long-term success of CCS depends on the availability of secure storage capacity and a robust geomechanical understanding of injection sites, particularly in structurally complex, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study presents one of the first reservoir-scale integrated deterministic and probabilistic assessments of fault slip potential (FSP) applied to a depleted offshore gas reservoir in the Bredasdorp Basin. A high-resolution 3D seismic dataset was interpreted to characterise the fault network and construct a structural framework comprising fifty (50) selected faults within a syn-rift sandstone reservoir. This framework underpins a combined deterministic geomechanical and probabilistic sensitivity-modelling workflow to evaluate fault reactivation risk during CO₂ injection, using a simplified radial pressure-diffusion formulation.</div><div>Results show that faults proximal to injection wells exhibit elevated slip potential due to their orientation relative to the regional stress field and their spatial association with pressure build-up. Sensitivity analyses indicate that pore-pressure increase is the dominant control on slip potential, followed by fault friction coefficient (µ), fault strike, and stress-field uncertainty. Variations in permeability primarily affect the magnitude and persistence of pressure build-up, while variations in μ govern slip-onset thresholds. Faults within ∼5 km of injection wells are most susceptible to reactivation. Time-dependent modelling highlights elevated risk during late-stage injection and early post-injection pressure redistribution, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring and adaptive pressure management. Overall, the study provides a rigorous, fault-specific geomechanical framework for CCS operations, and emphasises the importance of explicitly incorporating uncertainty into CCS risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of uncertainty in Utsira formation temperature and salinity on CO2 storage: A field-scale reactive transport simulation study Utsira地层温度和盐度的不确定性对CO2储存的影响：现场尺度反应输运模拟研究

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100567

Mohamed Gamal Rezk , Ahmed Farid Ibrahim

Saline aquifers offer large storage capacities for carbon dioxide (CO₂) geo-sequestration. However, key parameters such as aquifer temperature and brine salinity often remain uncertain, especially in thick formations. These uncertainties can significantly influence the CO₂ reactive transport and trapping. Hence, this study aims to quantify the impact of such uncertainties on CO₂ hydrodynamics and geochemical interactions, utilizing field-scale data of the Sleipner CO₂ storage project, where temperature and salinity are treated as uncertain parameters. A response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to systematically investigate these uncertainties and quantify their impact on CO₂ trapping. To do so, a three-dimensional reactive transport model was constructed to simulate multiphase flow, mineral dissolution and precipitation, and CO₂ trapping mechanisms. The geological model of the Utsira formation was modified to match the plume dynamics. Formation temperatures ranging from 35 °C to 41 °C and salinities between 0.5 and 2 times that of seawater (33,500 ppm) were tested. Geochemical reactions were modeled using equilibrium and kinetic approaches, with temperature-dependent parameters governing the mineral changes. Proxy models generated with the RSM framework were used to quantify probabilistic uncertainty in the four CO₂ trapping mechanisms. The simulation results showed that CO₂ trapping mechanisms were sensitive to the uncertainty in aquifer temperature and salinity over 300 years. The highest temperature case exhibited the lowest capillary-trapped and solubility-trapped CO₂. While both mechanisms increased at lower aquifer temperatures. The temperature also had a significant impact on both the onset time of CO₂ mineralization and the total mineral trapping. Lower brine salinity improved dissolution trapping (from 42 % at 2S to 50.4 % at 0.5S), but mineralization varied minimally with salinity. The brine density contrast in the lower-salinity cases improved convective mixing, promoting CO₂ dissolution. The uncertainty analysis further revealed distinct probabilistic ranges for each trapping mechanism, highlighting the dominant influence of salinity on physical trapping processes and temperature on mineral trapping.

含盐含水层为二氧化碳的地质封存提供了巨大的储存能力。然而，含水层温度和盐水盐度等关键参数通常仍然不确定，特别是在厚地层中。这些不确定性会显著影响CO2的反应性输运和捕集。因此，本研究旨在利用Sleipner CO2封存项目的现场尺度数据，将温度和盐度作为不确定参数，量化这些不确定性对CO2流体动力学和地球化学相互作用的影响。采用响应面法（RSM）系统地研究了这些不确定性，并量化了它们对CO2捕集的影响。为此，构建了三维反应输运模型，模拟了多相流、矿物溶解和沉淀以及CO2捕集机制。对Utsira地层的地质模型进行了修改，以匹配羽流动力学。测试的地层温度范围为35℃~ 41℃，盐度为海水的0.5 ~ 2倍（33,500 ppm）。地球化学反应使用平衡和动力学方法建模，与温度相关的参数控制矿物变化。利用RSM框架生成的代理模型对四种CO2捕集机制的概率不确定性进行了量化。模拟结果表明，CO2捕集机制对300多年来含水层温度和盐度的不确定性非常敏感。在温度最高的情况下，毛细管捕获和溶解度捕获的CO2含量最低。而这两种机制在含水层温度较低时都有所增加。温度对CO2矿化开始时间和总矿物圈闭均有显著影响。较低的盐水盐度改善了溶解捕获（从2S时的42%提高到0.5S时的50.4%），但矿化随盐度变化最小。低盐度条件下的盐水密度对比改善了对流混合，促进了CO2的溶解。不确定性分析进一步揭示了每种捕获机制的不同概率范围，突出了盐度对物理捕获过程的主导影响和温度对矿物捕获的主导影响。

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引用次数: 0

A Comparative Review of terrestrial and marine carbon dioxide removal (CDR) methods 陆地和海洋二氧化碳去除（CDR）方法比较综述

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100550

A. Lieber , C. Morrow , J. Stabile , K. Hornbostel

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) methods that remove CO₂ gas from the air and ocean are an essential long-term strategy to complement point source carbon capture. Many CDR methods have been proposed in recent years, and this review organizes and assesses these methods to aid researchers and decision-makers in accelerating development and deployment of CDR. This review organizes CDR methods into four categories: 1) marine/biological, 2) marine/nonbiological, 3) terrestrial/biological, and 4) terrestrial/nonbiological. For each of these categories, the fundamental mechanisms governing CO₂ separation are explained, and key CDR methods within each category are discussed. This review also provides a comparison of the four categorical CDR methods based on cost, scalability and carbon storage duration. The infrastructure needs of each CDR category are then covered, and a quantitative study is performed to estimate the costs of moving seawater vs. air to remove CO₂. Finally, the operational footprints of various CDR approaches are compared on a 1 Mt/y capture scale. Overall, this review examines the pros and cons of each CDR method to aid decision-makers in selecting the CDR approach that works best within their given constraints.

从空气和海洋中去除二氧化碳气体的二氧化碳去除（CDR）方法是补充点源碳捕获的一项重要的长期战略。近年来提出了许多CDR方法，本文对这些方法进行了整理和评估，以帮助研究人员和决策者加快CDR的开发和部署。本文将CDR方法分为四类：1)海洋/生物、2)海洋/非生物、3)陆地/生物和4)陆地/非生物。对于每一个类别，解释了控制CO2分离的基本机制，并讨论了每个类别中的关键CDR方法。本文还根据成本、可扩展性和碳储存时间对四种CDR方法进行了比较。然后涵盖每个CDR类别的基础设施需求，并进行定量研究以估计移动海水与空气去除二氧化碳的成本。最后，在1 Mt/y捕获规模上比较了各种CDR方法的操作足迹。总体而言，本文审查了每种CDR方法的优缺点，以帮助决策者在给定的约束条件下选择最有效的CDR方法。

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引用次数: 0

Socio-economic implications of deploying COP28 pledged negative emission technologies 部署COP28承诺的负排放技术的社会经济影响

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2026.100590

Daniel O. Olasehinde , Olusola Bamisile , Caroline Acen , Chukwuebuka Ejiyi , Qi Huang , Sandra Obiora

Achieving the Paris Agreement’s targets will inevitably impose financial burdens, but choosing the most economically viable path is critical. At COP28, countries pledged to triple renewable energy capacity to 11,000 GW and double energy efficiency gains to 4 % annually by 2030. The agriculture, forestry, and land use (AFOLU) sector also committed to reducing emissions and enhancing carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Using the En-ROADS modeling tool, this study evaluates five global scenarios combining varying degrees of fossil fuel reduction and CDR deployment: Ref (based on current COP28-aligned pledges), Ref++ (Ref with added fossil fuel taxes and carbon pricing), limCDR (Ref++ plus limited deployment of technological CDR up to 50 % of its potential), modCDR (Ref with moderate CDR deployment up to 65 % of potential, but no fossil fuel taxation), and allCDR (Ref with full utilization of technological CDR potential and no fossil fuel taxation). While population growth is held constant across all scenarios, economic outcomes diverge. The Ref scenario fails to meet the 1.5 °C goal and produces the lowest long-term GDP per capita. Ref++ achieves the temperature target but entails sharper near-term fiscal adjustments. modCDR improves macroeconomic performance relative to Ref but does not limit warming below 1.7 °C. allCDR defers mitigation costs through heavy reliance on large-scale removals, reducing early fiscal pressure but increasing long-term dependence on CDR. limCDR emerges as the most balanced pathway that meets the 1.5 °C target while delivering the highest GWP and GDP per capita by 2100, combining phased fossil mitigation with moderate CDR deployment. These findings demonstrate that neither fossil fuel phaseout nor CDR alone is sufficient; a calibrated mix of early mitigation and targeted removals is essential to achieve climate goals while maintaining long-term economic resilience.

实现《巴黎协定》的目标将不可避免地带来财政负担，但选择经济上最可行的道路至关重要。在COP28上，各国承诺到2030年将可再生能源产能增加两倍，达到1.1万吉瓦，并将能源效率提高一倍，达到每年4%。农业、林业和土地利用（AFOLU）部门也致力于减少排放和加强二氧化碳去除（CDR）。利用En-ROADS建模工具，本研究评估了五种结合不同程度的化石燃料减少和CDR部署的全球情景：Ref（基于目前与cop28一致的承诺），Ref++ （Ref++增加化石燃料税和碳定价），limCDR (Ref++加上技术CDR的有限部署，最高可达其潜力的50%),modCDR （Ref++适度CDR部署，最高可达潜力的65%，但不征收化石燃料税）和allCDR （Ref++充分利用技术CDR潜力，不征收化石燃料税）。虽然人口增长在所有情况下都保持不变，但经济结果却不尽相同。Ref情景无法实现1.5°C的目标，并产生最低的长期人均国内生产总值。Ref++实现了温度目标，但需要更剧烈的近期财政调整。与Ref相比，modCDR改善了宏观经济绩效，但并未将升温限制在1.7℃以下。所有CDR通过严重依赖大规模减排来推迟减排成本，减少了早期财政压力，但增加了对CDR的长期依赖。limCDR是最平衡的途径，既能实现1.5°C的目标，又能在2100年前实现最高的全球升温潜能值和人均GDP，将分阶段的化石燃料减排与适度的CDR部署相结合。这些发现表明，化石燃料的逐步淘汰和CDR本身都不够；要在实现气候目标的同时保持长期的经济复原力，必须将早期缓解和有针对性的清除相结合。

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引用次数: 0

Continuous electrolytic methanol synthesis from air-captured CO2 at ordinary temperature and pressure 在常温常压下，用空气捕获的二氧化碳连续电解合成甲醇

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100552

Yoshiyuki Sakamoto , Yuna Takeno , Yusaku F. Nishimura , Yohsuke Mizutani , Shintaro Mizuno , Ryo Hishinuma , Kazumasa Okamura , Yasuhiko Takeda , Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi , Masaoki Iwasaki

A system for synthesizing methanol (MeOH) from carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air as a feedstock using electrical energy was developed to open a new avenue for atmospheric carbon capture and utilization. This system integrates three processes: direct air capture (DAC), direct carbonate reduction (DCR), and MeOH synthesis (MeS). A mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate aqueous solutions captures CO₂ from the air as carbonate ions. Carbonate ions in the solution are directly reduced electrolytically to carbon monoxide (CO) using a nanoporous gold electrocatalyst. The produced CO is subsequently reduced electrolytically to MeOH using a cobalt phthalocyanine/carbon nanotube electrocatalyst. The system operated stably for 1.5 h, showing continuous CO₂ capture and MeOH synthesis. This demonstrates the feasibility of the DAC-DCR-MeS integrated system operating under ordinary temperature and pressure conditions throughout all the steps. A notable feature of no need for high temperature or high pressure makes the system compatible with time-varying renewable energies including solar energy, which are essential for reducing net CO₂ emissions.

开发了一种以空气中的二氧化碳（CO2）为原料，利用电能合成甲醇（MeOH）的系统，为大气碳捕获和利用开辟了一条新的途径。该系统集成了三个过程：直接空气捕获（DAC）、直接碳酸盐还原（DCR）和甲醇合成（MeS）。碳酸钾和碳酸氢钾水溶液的混合物以碳酸盐离子的形式从空气中捕获二氧化碳。溶液中的碳酸盐离子通过纳米孔金电催化剂直接电解还原为一氧化碳（CO）。生成的CO随后使用钴酞菁/碳纳米管电催化剂电解还原为甲醇。系统稳定运行1.5 h， CO2连续捕获，MeOH连续合成。这证明了DAC-DCR-MeS集成系统在所有步骤中在常温常压条件下工作的可行性。一个显著的特点是不需要高温或高压，使系统兼容时变可再生能源，包括太阳能，这对减少净二氧化碳排放至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Kinetic model describing the effect of amine loading and temperature on CO2 capture by solid amine adsorbent 描述胺负载和温度对固体胺吸附剂捕获CO2影响的动力学模型

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100491

Shun Wang, Mengyin Xie, Shujuan Wang, Yuqun Zhuo

The increasing CO₂ concentration in atmosphere leads to significant ecological changes, and the control of CO₂ emissions has been a major concern worldwide. Amine-functionalized adsorbents are promising because they have high CO₂ adsorption capacity, moderate adsorption heat and strong water resistance. Adsorption kinetics is a key performance parameter and facilitates the cognizance of microscopic CO₂ adsorption process. A novel kinetic model was proposed, which categorized the amines of solid amine adsorbents into two regions: the open amine region and the closed amine region. Different from the open amine region, CO₂ adsorption by amines in the closed amine region was significantly influenced by diffusion. The model could elucidate the effect of amine loading and temperature on CO₂ adsorption. When amine loading was below the theoretical maximum loading, the CO₂ adsorption capacity and the N efficiency gradually increased with the rise of amine loading. Nevertheless, as the amine loading further increased, the adsorption capacity decreased instead. CO₂ adsorption by solid amines was not affected by external diffusion, but was significantly affected by internal diffusion. The percentage of closed amine region of adsorbents with high amine loading was large, CO₂ needed to diffuse slowly into this region, leading to a small CO₂ adsorption capacity at low temperature. When the amine loading was less than 0.5, the CO₂ adsorption rate stayed almost the same. The model is instructive for the targeted preparation of solid amine adsorbents with fast adsorption rates.

大气中CO2浓度的增加导致了重大的生态变化，CO2排放的控制一直是世界各国关注的焦点。胺功能化吸附剂具有高的CO2吸附能力、适中的吸附热和较强的耐水性等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。吸附动力学是一个关键的性能参数，有利于微观CO2吸附过程的认识。提出了一种新的动力学模型，将固体胺吸附剂中的胺分为两个区域：开放胺区和封闭胺区。与开放胺区不同，封闭胺区对CO2的吸附受扩散的影响较大。该模型能较好地阐明胺的负载和温度对CO2吸附的影响。当胺负荷低于理论最大负荷时，随着胺负荷的增加，CO2吸附量和氮效率逐渐增加。然而，随着胺负荷的进一步增加，吸附量反而下降。固体胺对CO2的吸附不受外部扩散的影响，但受内部扩散的影响较大。高胺负荷吸附剂封闭胺区所占比例大，CO2需要缓慢扩散到该区域，导致低温下CO2吸附量小。当载胺量小于0.5时，CO2吸附率基本保持不变。该模型对定向制备快速吸附的固体胺吸附剂具有指导意义。

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引用次数: 0