Cancer pathogenesis and therapy最新文献

{"title":"Risk of autoimmunity, cancer seeding, and adverse events in human trials of whole-tissue autologous therapeutic vaccines","authors":"Garrett Gianneschi ,&nbsp;Anthony Scolpino ,&nbsp;James Oleske","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Whole-tissue autologous therapeutic vaccines (WATVs) are a form of cancer immunotherapy that use a patient's own pathological tissue. Concerns exist regarding the potential of WATVs to induce autoimmunity or the spread of cancer; however, their adverse events (AEs) have not been adequately studied. This literature review primarily aimed to evaluate the risks of autoimmunity and cancer seeding associated with using WATVs in human clinical trials. Its secondary objectives included assessing the incidence of AEs graded 1–5 using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The inclusion criteria were any clinical trial using human subjects in which at least part of the cancer vaccine was derived from the patient's own tumor tissue, which likely preserved the unique tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) present in the patient's tumor (i.e., whole-tissue). Tumor vaccine trials that used limited TAAs or highly processed tumor antigens were excluded. Published clinical trials were searched using Google Scholar until March 2024. The authors elaborated on the risk of bias in such cases, as indicated. All reviewed publications were searched for evidence of autoimmunity, cancer seeding, and other AEs. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement guided the review.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 55 human clinical trials, abstracts, case reports, and unpublished data were analyzed, including 3323 patients treated with WATVs for various cancers. The primary outcomes were: (1) no documented cases of WATV-induced autoimmunity, (2) no documented cases of WATV-induced spreading or seeding of noninfectious cancers, and (3) the observed 0.24% (2/838) risk of spreading or seeding infectious cancers was attributed to inadequate sterilization. The secondary outcomes were: (1) no deaths were attributed to WATV therapy, (2) 0.18% (6/3323) incidence of grade 4 AEs, (3) 0.42% (14/3323) incidence of grade 3 AEs, (4) the incidence of grades 1–2 AEs was 52.21% (478/916).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>WATVs carry no risk of inducing autoimmunity and essentially no risk of cancer seeding if properly sterilized. WATVs also exhibit a side effect profile comparable to that of routine vaccinations, with common, mild, and transient adverse effects. The combined risk of grade 3 and 4 AEs was 0.60% (20/3323). No deaths were causally associated with WATV treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handy “tools” for studying brain tumors","authors":"Gangfeng Yu,&nbsp;Fanghui Lu,&nbsp;Liangxue Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 87-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bayesian network meta-analysis of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments in patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Jianqiong Yin ,&nbsp;Jing Huang ,&nbsp;Min Ren ,&nbsp;Rui Tang ,&nbsp;Linshen Xie ,&nbsp;Jianxin Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To date, no direct comparisons have been performed to compare the effectiveness of all epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) against <em>EGFR</em> mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs in patients with <em>EGFR</em> mutation-positive NSCLC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing osimertinib, lazertinib, aumolertinib, befotertinib, furmonertinib, dacomitinib, afatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, icotinib, and chemotherapy. Pooled estimations of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and toxicity (grade ≥ 3 adverse events) were performed within the Bayesian framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-three trials involving 11 treatments were included. All EGFR-TKIs improved PFS relative to chemotherapy, except for icotinib (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–1.44). All EGFR-TKIs demonstrated significant ORR benefits over chemotherapy. Osimertinib seemed to prolong PFS compared with icotinib (HR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.1–0.86), gefitinib (HR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21–0.74), and erlotinib (HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–1.0). In addition, osimertinib showed favorable superiority in improving OS compared with chemotherapy (HR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.43–0.82), gefitinib (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.83), erlotinib (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48–0.89), and afatinib (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44–0.94). Among these regimens, afatinib showed the highest ORR (cumulative probability: 96.96%). Icotinib was associated with minimal toxicity among the EGFR-TKIs, followed by furmonertinib and osimertinib. Moreover, the toxicity spectra differed among the EGFR-TKIs. Subgroup analyses of patients with two common types of <em>EGFR</em> mutations indicated that furmonertinib possessed the greatest PFS benefit in patients with exon 19 deletion, and lazertinib showed the greatest PFS benefit in patients with Leu858Arg mutation. We also identified differences between EGFR-TKIs in prolonging PFS in patients with brain metastasis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Osimertinib is the first choice of treatment with considerable efficacy and safety for <em>EGFR</em> mutation-positive NSCLC. The treatments associated with the best PFS in patients with exon 19 deletions and Leu858Arg mutations were furmonertinib and lazertinib, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of skin cancer types and prevalence rates across continents","authors":"Amdad Hossain Roky ,&nbsp;Mohammed Murshedul Islam ,&nbsp;Abu Mohammed Fuad Ahasan ,&nbsp;Md Saqline Mostaq ,&nbsp;Md Zihad Mahmud ,&nbsp;Mohammad Nurul Amin ,&nbsp;Md Ashiq Mahmud","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world, and its incidence and mortality rates are increasing continuously, mostly in regions with white-skinned inhabitants. The types of skin cancer vary in their origin and clinical appearances and also differ in their extensiveness. The continents of the world have different scenarios of skin cancer prevalence. This review aims to explore the different types of skin cancer, their clinical features, and their worldwide prevalence based on the literature. Literature from different electronic databases, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Elsevier, and Springer, were collected through a literature search using specific keywords such as “skin cancer”, “skin cancer types”, “melanoma”, “non-melanoma”, “skin cancer continental prevalence” or similar keywords. The search included English publications from 2000 to 2024. Melanoma skin cancer (MSC) ranks 17th in global prevalence, with the highest incidence and deaths occurring in Europe, However, Australia and New Zealand record the highest incidence and mortality rates. Asia has a lower incidence rate of melanoma, but a higher mortality rate. Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) is the most common type of MSC. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) have the highest incidence in North America, with the highest number of deaths occurring in Asia, Australia and New Zealand have the highest incidence rates for basal cell carcinoma (BCC). BCC is the most commonly diagnosed skin cancer worldwide and the most prevalent form of NMSCs; however, squamous cell carcinoma is the most aggressive form of NMSCs, causing more deaths. NMSCs are the most prevalent cancers worldwide, causing most skin cancer-related deaths. The prevalence of skin cancer rising globally, with several continents experiencing higher incidence and mortality rates. The types and subtypes of skin cancer are becoming more common among clinically diagnosed cancers. This review comprehensively describes skin cancer types and their prevalence worldwide. However, the actual prevalence of skin cancer in these countries should be investigated. Further research on the prevalence of skin cancer across different continents is required to develop more effective cancer management strategies and control the spread of the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating multi-omics methods for personalized treatment of refractory chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with NRAS and TET2 mutations","authors":"Chuandong Hou ,&nbsp;Bo Yang ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Lili Cai ,&nbsp;Ran Qin ,&nbsp;Bo Guo ,&nbsp;Jie Geng ,&nbsp;XueChun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 173-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with an uncommon primary mutation responded well to imatinib","authors":"Gilani Shahid,&nbsp;Mujeeb Qudsia,&nbsp;Ikram Naima,&nbsp;Khir Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 176-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2949-7132(25)00018-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2949-7132(25)00018-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Page OFC"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoconstituents as emerging therapeutics for breast cancer: Mechanistic insights and clinical implications","authors":"Mahalakshmi Devaraji,&nbsp;Punniyakoti V. Thanikachalam","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Phytoconstituents, naturally plant-derived bioactive compounds, have emerged as promising agents for breast cancer therapy due to their multifaceted mechanisms of action. This review examines the role of phytoconstituents in inducing apoptosis, inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation, and suppressing metastasis. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic effects of these compounds are discussed, highlighting their potential to disrupt tumor vascularization. We also summarize the in vitro and in vivo study-derived preclinical evidence supporting the efficacy of phytoconstituents. The synergistic potential of phytoconstituents with conventional therapies is also explored, emphasizing their ability to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. We also address the challenges and limitations in the clinical application of phytoconstituents, paving the way for future research. This review provides insights into the therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents in breast cancer and their underlying mechanisms, advocating for their integration into existing treatment regimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 5","pages":"Pages 364-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing antibiotics: A dual-action approach against bacteria-induced cancer","authors":"Aditya Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Hem Chandra Jha ,&nbsp;Dharm Pal ,&nbsp;Awanish Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance and the growing burden of bacteria-induced cancers highlight the urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Drug repurposing, leveraging pre-approved antibiotics for novel applications, is a promising strategy to address this challenge. Antibiotics designed to combat bacterial infections can inhibit microbial activity and target cellular mechanisms associated with oncogenesis. Chronic bacterial infections, such as those caused by <em>Salmonella typhi</em>, <em>Helicobacter pylori</em>, and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, contribute significantly to gallbladder, gastric, kidney, and bladder cancers. These infections induce inflammation, DNA damage, and the disruption of cellular pathways, promoting the development of cancer. Antibiotics such as doxycycline, rifampicin, and azithromycin demonstrate anticancer properties by inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing apoptosis, and regulating key pathways including the interleukin (IL)-6 signaling pathway and autophagy-related pathways. This dual action enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy and addresses bacteria-induced oncogenesis, offering a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative to traditional drug discovery. Herein, we review the intricate mechanisms by which bacteria-induced cancer arises and explore the groundbreaking potential of repurposing antibiotics as dual-action therapies in oncology. By elucidating the pivotal role of biofilms in persistent infections and highlighting untapped therapeutic opportunities in antibiotic repurposing, this review underscores a transformative approach to cancer treatment. This article explores the potential of repurposing antibiotic drugs for cancer treatment and highlights the prospects of drug repurposing strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 6","pages":"Pages 473-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting tumor-associated neutrophils: A promising strategy in lung cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Yongjun Wang ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Zexu Wang,&nbsp;Yufang Guo,&nbsp;Xiuwei Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung cancer is among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with treatment strategies primarily including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Although immunotherapies targeting T cells and natural killer (NK) cells are widely used, therapies targeting neutrophils remain underdeveloped. Neutrophils are regarded as a specialized cell population that, once matured, lack the capacity for proliferation and are rapidly depleted in circulation, limiting their role to immune defense. However, recent discoveries have revealed that neutrophils represent a highly heterogeneous immune cell population, across diverse microenvironments. They are referred to as tumor-associated neutrophils when recruited to the tumor microenvironment. Initially, tumor-associated neutrophils were believed to primarily promote tumor growth and metastasis. Contrarily, emerging evidence indicates that tumor-associated neutrophils exhibit anti-tumor functions under specific conditions, acting as inhibitors during the initial growth or metastatic phases of lung cancer. This functional heterogeneity positions neutrophils as a promising focus for novel approaches to lung cancer immunotherapy. This review aims to explore the role of tumor-associated neutrophils in lung cancer progression and to investigate responses in the context of tumor control, thereby deepening the understanding of neutrophil function in lung cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 6","pages":"Pages 466-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}