Current health sciences journal最新文献

Sarcopenia is a degenerative disorder that particularly affects older people and is defined by a pathological decrease in muscle strength. This disease represents one of the topics of great interest in the medical world of the last two decades. In our study, we tried to underline the importance of an adapted recovery program based on physical exercise for regaining clinical and functional status in patients with age-related sarcopenia. No nutritional intervention was applied. We performed our rehabilitation program in accordance with present international recommendations for sarcopenia. After complete assessment, our patients were randomised into two groups: G1 (Lot 1=25 patients) and G2 (Lot 2=15 patients). G1 patients were compliant with kinetic training, and performed all rehabilitation measures, and G2 patients accepted rehabilitation program without kinetic exercises. Patients assessment (lab tests, gait analysis, VAS and the Clinical Frailty Scale) was made on two levels-first (T1-inpatient assessment), and after 6 months (T2-outpatient assessment). The rehabilitation program based on the kinetic program brought positive improvements in physical performance and locomotion (gait speed and walking cadence) in sarcopenic patients.

This study aimed to evaluate a psychological intervention intended to reduce the psychomotor effects of doping. The research also examined how conscientiousness and emotional stability moderated the intervention's effectiveness. The intervention was developed based on the literature and included two components: biofeedback and mental imagery/rehearsal. Athletes reported higher scores post-intervention in coordination, sports skills, overall physical condition, strength, flexibility, endurance, and general self-esteem. Similar results have been observed in previous studies related to biofeedback and mental imagery. According to the results, athletes with higher conscientiousness benefited more from the intervention in terms of coordination, flexibility, and endurance. The data support the idea that emotionally stable athletes benefit more from the intervention in terms of overall physical condition and general self-esteem. Theoretically, the studies highlight the importance of psychological interventions in enhancing athletes' psychomotor performance and the interaction between these interventions and individual differences among participants. The findings are relevant for sports psychology practitioners, as they provide additional evidence for the use of biofeedback and mental imagery with athletes.

Osteosarcoma, although rare, is acknowledged as the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant osteogenic tumor that can develop in any bone, but commonly develops at the metaphysis of long bones. The positive diagnosis of osteosarcoma is based on the pathology exam, since there are no other specific diagnostic tools, and the patients with osteosarcoma are typically treated by a multidisciplinary team of specialists. The mainstream for the surgical treatment of limb osteosarcoma is the limb salvage surgery, whenever this approach does not compromise the oncological outcomes. A large spectrum of reconstructive surgical procedures is used in various centers, and to date there is no large consensus on recommending one over another. It is often that the practitioner has to decide whether the final impact on the quality of life of the child undergoing endoprosthetic replacement or osteoarticular allograft is better with the subsequent inequality of the length of the limb or the radical approach by amputation is better. Special consideration has to be given on the aspects of psychosocial wellbeing of the patients following the initial surgical intervention.

The cutaneous metastases from carcinoma of the stomach are rare and either an index of a silent visceral neoplasm or a recurrence of an already diagnosed malignancy. They usually present as asymptomatic nodules or plaques; thus, they can be mistaken for other skin conditions, which leads to a potential misdiagnosis. The definition of signet-ring cell (SRC) gastric carcinoma is that it can easily cause a diffusion enbloc through lymphatic and hematogenous pathways, inducing skin manifestations such as indurated plaques, nodules, and erysipelas-like lesions. The infrequency of skin metastasis from gastric carcinoma underlines once more the need for increased awareness on the part of clinicians. Diagnosis, histopathological examination, and immunohistochemistry are essential. The confirmation of SRC tumors is done by staining for mucin, such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and mucicarmine, and by using immunohistochemical markers like CK7. Almost always, cutaneous metastasis from SRC gastric carcinoma has a poor prognosis since these tumors are highly aggressive and chemotherapy-resistant. We present a case of cutaneous metastasis from SRC gastric carcinoma, a subtype of gastric cancer with a well-documented tendency both for distant and cutaneous spread. Generally, skin metastases from SRC gastric carcinoma are associated with poor prognosis, rapid progression of the disease, and a high mortality rate. This case underlines the need for early detection and a multidisciplinary approach by dermatologists, oncologists, and surgeons to improve outcomes in such patients.

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) it was reported to be the 6th on the list of human malignant neoplasms responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. We conducted a retrospective study between 2009-2019, investigating 50 such cancers hospitalized and diagnosed during this period in our institution. The purpose of the study was to establish a clinical-morphological profile of this type of cancer developed in the geographical area served by our institution. The epidemiological study highlighted the predominance of cases in men over 50 years old, mainly affecting the tongue, followed by the lips and oral floor. The histopathological study showed the prevalence of conventional cases of OSCC (70%) and the rest of the cases belonging to rarer forms (acantholytic-18%, verrucous-6%, basaloid-4% and sarcomatoid-2%). In terms of the degree of differentiation, the moderately differentiated cases prevailed (64%) and according to the TNM clinical stage, most cases were diagnosed in stage II (36%) and IV (26%). 70% of investigated cases presented muscle invasion and 38% perineural invasion. Our investigation highlighted the existence of particular morpho-clinical profiles depending on the tumor topography. Thus, tumors developed at the tongue level reached the maximum frequency in the 6th decade of life, being absent in the 8th decade and most often associated muscle invasion and perineural invasion, being diagnosed in advanced pTNM stages.

We conducted a retrospective study based on 55 patients diagnosed with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs)-gastric (G-NET), small bowel (SB-NET) and colonic (C-NET), hospitalized and evaluated within the Surgical, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinics, in The Clinical Emergency County Hospital Craiova, between May 2016 and April 2024. We aimed in this study to analyze the epidemiological aspects and clinical characteristics of patients with GEP-NETs. In our study group, the patients' ages were between 39-82 years, with a mean of 66.40 (±12.46) years. The incidence of GEP-NETs cases in young patients was insignificant low-1 case. 45.46% of all patients lived in urban areas. 16.36% were G-NET, 14,54 were SB-NET and 69.09% were C-NET. The GEP-NETs diagnosis was established by immunohistochemistry features. Also, we observed that the most frequency localization was on the ascending colon, while the rarest on the colon it is located on the transverse colon and the rarest is on the small bowel, in spite of the generally literature data. From the C-NET group, 49.09% have been presented arterial hypertension probable explained by serotonin and dopamine secretion an inflammatory through phenotype expression and just one patient has been presented an erythematous psoriasis, which could be also explained by the same neurotransmitter's involvement as a possible purposed mechanism. The results obtained in our study demonstrate that could be a common profile of GEP-NETs patients through epidemiological general information and clinical characteristics. Also, we demonstrate that, in the last years, the incidence increased for the GEP-NETs.

From the category of biliary disease, gallstones registered an increase during the last years, approximately 6% of men and 9% of women being affected by the pathology in the United States only. In western countries between 10-20% of the adult population is suffering from cholelithiasis. Although increasing age is a major risk factor for their formation, late studies correlate gallstones appearance with an age decrease for the onset of symptoms. We therefore face a younger population manifesting pain and sometimes functional disability. In accordance with statistical analysis, the economic impact of gallstones in highly industrialized countries such as United States produces costs of up to 6.5 billion dollars annually. In this context, the appropriate timing for intervention becomes a factor of major interest. The present review uses 28 articles and specialized literature. Article selection was based on keywords and followed the effectiveness of imaging investigation such as ultrasound, CT and MRI for patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis. Since a direct comparison between the imaging investigation techniques is not concluding we have tried to establish the sensitivity and specificity offered by each imaging assessment. The comparative analysis revealed a p Kruskal-Wallis <0.001 for sensitivity and p Kruskal-Wallis=0.474 for specificity.

Background: Obstructive ventilatory dysfunctions have an increased incidence, and through functional assessment determined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), appropriate treatment can be established.

Aims: The objectives of our research are represented by the application of respiratory rehabilitation sessions according to the ICF in patients with obstructive ventilatory dysfunctions-with COPD or asthma, using a unique, international language and the evaluation of the results obtained before and after completion pulmonary rehabilitation.

Methods: We conducted a randomized prospective study between November 2022-April 2023, which included 84 patients diagnosed with obstructive ventilatory dysfunctions and who performed respiratory rehabilitation. They were divided into two categories: category 1-C1 which included 43 patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-COPD and category 2-C2 which included 41 patients diagnosed with asthma. The rehabilitation program lasted 8 weeks, with exercises performed from Monday to Friday, with a weekend break. Respiratory rehabilitation consisted of physical therapy, inspiratory and expiratory muscle training (IEMT), proper nutrition, and psychotherapy.

Results: At the end of the program, most of the patients showed improvements in the ICF qualifiers, a fact that supported us that respiratory recovery is one of the basic therapies of patients with obstructive ventilatory dysfunctions.

Conclusions: The ICF allows the application of a personalized respiratory rehabilitation program. The ICF qualifiers are used for the functional assessment of patients and allow they to be included in individualized medical rehabilitation programs.

Introduction: Anophthalmia and microphthalmia are orbito-facial developmental disorders characterized by deficient growth and impaired visual capability [1]. These rare disorders may be unilateral or bilateral. Congenital anophthalmia is the complete absence of the eye [2, 3]. The prevalence of both conditions is estimated at 0.2-3 per 10,000 births [4]. We report a case of congenital bilateral anophthalmia that was undetected during follow-up but diagnosed after birth.

Case description: 24-year-old Bahraini female, who is not a known case of any medical illnesses, primigravida at 39+6 weeks of gestation gave birth to a live male baby via vacuum extraction delivery due to recurrent variable decelerations and poor maternal effort. On physical examination, bilateral anophthalmia was immediately observed. No other anomalies were detected. The investigations ordered were MRI brain and orbit, which showed: Absence of bilateral eye globes-features of bilateral anophthalmia. We advised the parents the baby will need socket expansion/ conformer placement to maintain facial symmetry and cosmetic outcome with neurocognitive and development assessment every 2 months as well as speech and language evaluation.

Conclusion: Although many probable factors leading to anophthalmia are suggested, many cases arise idiopathically. Due to the nature of the defect, oftentimes prenatal diagnosis with routine scans is challenging. Therefore, more research into probable causes will prompt the healthcare professional to use more sensitive studies to detect the anomaly prenatally to potentially reduce the psychological and financial impact on the parents.

Background: The external carotid artery (ECA) is typically regarded as coursing between the styloid muscles to continue into the parotid space. The anatomical possibility of an ECA with an ascending parapharyngeal trajectory continuing posteriorly to an elongated styloid process (ESP), thus retrostyloid, to the parotid space is overlooked. It was, therefore, aimed to document the prevalence of this retrostyloid variant of the ECA's course.

Methods: We investigated a retrospective random cohort of 160 archived CT angiograms of 97 males and 63 females aged between 47 and 76. The presence of an ESP and the retrostyloid course of the ECA were bilaterally documented.

Results: An ESP was identified in 99/320 sides (30.94%), regardless of the ECA course. In the overall group, we obtained 35% null cases for the two variables on the right and 34.06% for the left. ESPs were identified in 8.75% on the right side and 10.31% on the left. The ECAs had retrostyloid courses in 6.25% on the right side and 5.63% on the left. Thus, of the 320 ECAs documented on both sides, 221 (69.06%) had no retrostyloid courses, and we did not identify any ESP in those cases. ESPs were detected in 19.06% of the sides but without retrostyloid ECAs, and retrostyloid courses of the ECAs were detected in 11.88%.

Conclusions: The possibility of a retrostyloid course of the ECA should not be ignored. An ESP may misinform the surgeon about the main carotid artery located immediately deep to it.