Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0013
Angeliki Kousta, Panayiota Papastylianou, Nikolina Cηειμονα, I. Travlos, I. Kakabouki, D. Bilalis
Hemp is known to have a competitive advantage over weeds. Despite its suppressive ability, weed infestation remains an important issue during the early growth of the crop. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fertilization and weed management on weed flora and hemp growth parameters during initial growth in the 2019 season. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with three replicates: three hemp cultivars as main plots, three fertilization treatments as sub-plots and two sub-sub-plots (weedy, weed free). For the computation of height and biomass weight, 10 plants were randomly selected in each plot. Weed species were collected by quadrate and density and biomass weight were determined. ANOVA revealed that all factors and their interactions significantly affected plant traits. Hemp cultivars showed different competitive ability. ‘Futura 17’ reduced weed measurement traits better than ‘Uso 31’. Density and biomass of nitrophilous weeds increased with the higher N dose compared to control (up to 56% and 79% respectively), therefore negatively affecting the growth of the hemp plants. Further research is needed in order to identify useful information on interactions between weeds and hemp crop to address potential yield losses under different weed management systems.
{"title":"Effect of Fertilization and Weed Management on Weed Flora of Hemp Crop","authors":"Angeliki Kousta, Panayiota Papastylianou, Nikolina Cηειμονα, I. Travlos, I. Kakabouki, D. Bilalis","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Hemp is known to have a competitive advantage over weeds. Despite its suppressive ability, weed infestation remains an important issue during the early growth of the crop. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fertilization and weed management on weed flora and hemp growth parameters during initial growth in the 2019 season. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with three replicates: three hemp cultivars as main plots, three fertilization treatments as sub-plots and two sub-sub-plots (weedy, weed free). For the computation of height and biomass weight, 10 plants were randomly selected in each plot. Weed species were collected by quadrate and density and biomass weight were determined. ANOVA revealed that all factors and their interactions significantly affected plant traits. Hemp cultivars showed different competitive ability. ‘Futura 17’ reduced weed measurement traits better than ‘Uso 31’. Density and biomass of nitrophilous weeds increased with the higher N dose compared to control (up to 56% and 79% respectively), therefore negatively affecting the growth of the hemp plants. Further research is needed in order to identify useful information on interactions between weeds and hemp crop to address potential yield losses under different weed management systems.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48141104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0053
I. Kakabouki, Dimitrios Tsirogiannis, Stella Karydogianni, Antigolena Folina, Charikleia Zisi, Emmanouil Platanopoulos, G. Papadopoulos, Gerasimos Grammenos, D. Bilalis
Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous plant, known worldwide for thousands of years. The propose of this study was to evaluate the effect co-inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth of root system and yield in plants of industrial cannabis variety ‘Uso’. A greenhouse experiment took place in the Laboratory of Agronomy at Agricultural University of Athens. The experiment was designed according to Randomized block design with 2 treatments AMF & Trichoderma (AMF&TRCH) application and Trichoderma without AMF application (TRCH) and 3 replications. Trichoderma species have the ability to colonize the rhizosphere of plants, thereby improving the development of the root system. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can form symbiotic relationships with most plants, including species of great economic interest such as industrial hemp. The combined use of Trichoderma harzianum and AMF provoked a synergistic effect increasing the root mass density, bud length and CBD yield per plant. During AMF&TRCH treatment the number of buds, bud dry matter and yield were higher than the TRCH treatment, on the contrary AMF colonization and root volume decreased. In conclusion the supply of AMF&Trichoderma had positive effect on AMF percentage, root and agronomic characteristics.
{"title":"Interaction of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Trichoderma on Growth of Root System and on Yield of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa var. ‘Uso’)","authors":"I. Kakabouki, Dimitrios Tsirogiannis, Stella Karydogianni, Antigolena Folina, Charikleia Zisi, Emmanouil Platanopoulos, G. Papadopoulos, Gerasimos Grammenos, D. Bilalis","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0053","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous plant, known worldwide for thousands of years. The propose of this study was to evaluate the effect co-inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth of root system and yield in plants of industrial cannabis variety ‘Uso’. A greenhouse experiment took place in the Laboratory of Agronomy at Agricultural University of Athens. The experiment was designed according to Randomized block design with 2 treatments AMF & Trichoderma (AMF&TRCH) application and Trichoderma without AMF application (TRCH) and 3 replications. Trichoderma species have the ability to colonize the rhizosphere of plants, thereby improving the development of the root system. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can form symbiotic relationships with most plants, including species of great economic interest such as industrial hemp. The combined use of Trichoderma harzianum and AMF provoked a synergistic effect increasing the root mass density, bud length and CBD yield per plant. During AMF&TRCH treatment the number of buds, bud dry matter and yield were higher than the TRCH treatment, on the contrary AMF colonization and root volume decreased. In conclusion the supply of AMF&Trichoderma had positive effect on AMF percentage, root and agronomic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49386458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2019.0039
M. Georgescu, M. Tarcea, R. Hadmaș, G. Seni, Claudiu Teodorescu, Simona Szazs, R. Guiné, Z. Ábrám
Our goal was to assess the Romanian’s food behavior according to their socio-cultural profile, in order to identify food behavior at risk and implement educational prevention methods. We performed a study based on the assessment of lifestyle and social aspects, based on an international project validated questionnaire of 26 questions, applied online in 2018 to a group of 821 adults, in Romania. The results underlined that socio-economic status was a contributing factor in food choices, people with low socio-economic status opted for low-price food, especially the elderly (40%). Regarding the preference for eating alone related to gender, both the female respondents (37.8%) and the males (50.6%) mostly disagreed, with statistical significance for males (p<0.022), also males were more influenced about what other people are eating (p<0.045). It is needed to implement new educational strategies, both in schools and adults communities, in order to reduce the risks for future chronic diseases.
{"title":"Romanian Population Perception about Food Risk Behavior Starting from their Social and Cultural Profile","authors":"M. Georgescu, M. Tarcea, R. Hadmaș, G. Seni, Claudiu Teodorescu, Simona Szazs, R. Guiné, Z. Ábrám","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2019.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2019.0039","url":null,"abstract":"Our goal was to assess the Romanian’s food behavior according to their socio-cultural profile, in order to identify food behavior at risk and implement educational prevention methods. We performed a study based on the assessment of lifestyle and social aspects, based on an international project validated questionnaire of 26 questions, applied online in 2018 to a group of 821 adults, in Romania. The results underlined that socio-economic status was a contributing factor in food choices, people with low socio-economic status opted for low-price food, especially the elderly (40%). Regarding the preference for eating alone related to gender, both the female respondents (37.8%) and the males (50.6%) mostly disagreed, with statistical significance for males (p<0.022), also males were more influenced about what other people are eating (p<0.045). It is needed to implement new educational strategies, both in schools and adults communities, in order to reduce the risks for future chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42595318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0047
C. Moldovan, I. Zagrai, L. Zagrai, A. Maxim, G. Guzu
The experiment aimed to evaluate some of organic products within a treatment scheme against Eurytoma schreineri Schreiner., on two different plum varieties: Stanley and Reine Claude d’Althan. An experimental scheme of organic treatments by using seven organic products with insecticidal effect was developed and used for evaluation in the field. There were three variants taken into account: organic, conventional and untreated, used as control. Each variant consisted of eight trees belonging to Stanley and Reine Claude d’Althan cvs., four trees for each variety. The frequency occurring of Eurytoma schreineri was evaluated along two consecutive years (2019-2020). Overall results confirmed the sensitivity of Stanley cv. to Eurytoma. schreineri. On the other hand, the results showed that the organic scheme developed was unsatisfactory and there is a risk of considerable losses for farmers who opt for this kind of scheme.
本实验旨在评估一些有机产品在治疗方案中对施赖纳Eurytoma施赖纳的影响。他对两种不同的李子品种Stanley和Reine Claude d 'Althan进行了研究。提出了采用7种具有杀虫效果的有机产品进行有机处理的试验方案，并进行了田间评价。有三种变体被考虑在内:有机、常规和未经处理的，用作对照。每个变种由属于斯坦利和莱内克劳德·达尔坦cvs的八棵树组成。，每个品种四棵。连续两年(2019-2020年)评估施赖氏Eurytoma的发生频率。总体结果证实了Stanley cv的敏感性。Eurytoma。schreineri。另一方面，结果表明，开发的有机方案并不令人满意，选择这种方案的农民有相当大的损失风险。
{"title":"Evaluation of an Organic Treatment Scheme against Eurytoma schreineri Schreiner","authors":"C. Moldovan, I. Zagrai, L. Zagrai, A. Maxim, G. Guzu","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0047","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment aimed to evaluate some of organic products within a treatment scheme against Eurytoma schreineri Schreiner., on two different plum varieties: Stanley and Reine Claude d’Althan. An experimental scheme of organic treatments by using seven organic products with insecticidal effect was developed and used for evaluation in the field. There were three variants taken into account: organic, conventional and untreated, used as control. Each variant consisted of eight trees belonging to Stanley and Reine Claude d’Althan cvs., four trees for each variety. The frequency occurring of Eurytoma schreineri was evaluated along two consecutive years (2019-2020). Overall results confirmed the sensitivity of Stanley cv. to Eurytoma. schreineri. On the other hand, the results showed that the organic scheme developed was unsatisfactory and there is a risk of considerable losses for farmers who opt for this kind of scheme.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42099602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0032
Roxana-Larisa Cadar, C. Pocol
The complexity of medicinal and aromatic plants products makes difficult to asses their safety and efficacy. A qualitative research method, called hybrid forum has been used in order to better understand the risks and benefits of those products, from the perspective of three key components: the manufacturing process, from raw material to the finished product, safety and quality assurance, consumers’ perception and biomedical context. The discussion forum took place in November 2019 in Cluj-Napoca and it was organized in two parts: the first addressed to researchers and actors in the field (14 stakeholders) and the second to the general public (23 participants). Critical points and limitations in the field of products obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants have been identified by both the specialists (poor cooperation between actors; lack of monitoring of product quality; increase selfmedication), and the general public (difficulties in making informed choices; reluctance to pharmacists’ advice).
{"title":"Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Derived Products. A Qualitative Research","authors":"Roxana-Larisa Cadar, C. Pocol","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0032","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of medicinal and aromatic plants products makes difficult to asses their safety and efficacy. A qualitative research method, called hybrid forum has been used in order to better understand the risks and benefits of those products, from the perspective of three key components: the manufacturing process, from raw material to the finished product, safety and quality assurance, consumers’ perception and biomedical context. The discussion forum took place in November 2019 in Cluj-Napoca and it was organized in two parts: the first addressed to researchers and actors in the field (14 stakeholders) and the second to the general public (23 participants). Critical points and limitations in the field of products obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants have been identified by both the specialists (poor cooperation between actors; lack of monitoring of product quality; increase selfmedication), and the general public (difficulties in making informed choices; reluctance to pharmacists’ advice).","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41798406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0026
Sergiu Savu, L. Tomoiagǎ, V. Chedea
Phomopsis viticola (Sacc.) Sacc. (syn. Cryptosporella viticola Shear, Diaporthe viticola Nitschke, Diplodia viticola Desm, Fusicoccum viticolum Reddick, Phoma flaccida Viala & Ravaz, Phoma viticola Sacc.), is the causal agent of the grapevine disease named ‘Phomopsis cane’ and ‘Leaf spot’ in the U.S.A. or ‘Excoriose’ in Europe. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the microclimate on Phomopsis viticola attack in Aiud-Ciumbrud vineyards. The observations were done on four plots in Aiud-Ciumbrud vineyards in the period March-August 2020. Up to the end of August 2020, ten treatments with contact and systemic products based on metiram and sulphour were done together with the other standard agro-technological operations. In the ecological conditions of spring-summer 2020, with higher temperature than the average in January, February, March and June, more rain than the average in February, March and June and less rain in January, April and May, we found frequency of the excoriosis in the range of 4%-12% at the beginning of the season. After the fungicide treatments, the attack frequency decreased up to 0%-7%. In the present research work, we show that in Aiud-Ciumbrud vineyards Phomopsis viticola attack was present and influenced by the microclimate conditions and also it was reduced by the fungicide treatments.
{"title":"Ecological Microclimate Influence on Grapevine Phomopsis viticola Attack Frequency in Aiud-Ciumbrud Vineyards","authors":"Sergiu Savu, L. Tomoiagǎ, V. Chedea","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Phomopsis viticola (Sacc.) Sacc. (syn. Cryptosporella viticola Shear, Diaporthe viticola Nitschke, Diplodia viticola Desm, Fusicoccum viticolum Reddick, Phoma flaccida Viala & Ravaz, Phoma viticola Sacc.), is the causal agent of the grapevine disease named ‘Phomopsis cane’ and ‘Leaf spot’ in the U.S.A. or ‘Excoriose’ in Europe. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the microclimate on Phomopsis viticola attack in Aiud-Ciumbrud vineyards. The observations were done on four plots in Aiud-Ciumbrud vineyards in the period March-August 2020. Up to the end of August 2020, ten treatments with contact and systemic products based on metiram and sulphour were done together with the other standard agro-technological operations. In the ecological conditions of spring-summer 2020, with higher temperature than the average in January, February, March and June, more rain than the average in February, March and June and less rain in January, April and May, we found frequency of the excoriosis in the range of 4%-12% at the beginning of the season. After the fungicide treatments, the attack frequency decreased up to 0%-7%. In the present research work, we show that in Aiud-Ciumbrud vineyards Phomopsis viticola attack was present and influenced by the microclimate conditions and also it was reduced by the fungicide treatments.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41898356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0006
S. Komolafe, A. Awoyemi, G. Adesiji, Funmilayo Seun Olusegun
This study assessed the sources of information on preservation of fresh vegetables among farmers in Ilorin, Kwara State. A total of 120 respondents were randomly selected. A questionnaire was developed to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that respondents cultivate average of 2 hectares of vegetable farms. All (100%) of the respondents produced water leaf, African spinach, Saluyot leaf and African Basil. Drying (99.2%) and refrigeration (17.5%) of fresh vegetables were the main preservation methods adopted by respondents. Fellow farmers (mean=3.75), radio (mean=3.40) and farmers’ group (mean=1.86) were the leading sources of information for preserving fresh vegetables. Education, farming experience and household size of the respondents were significantly related (p<0.05) to the sources of information used by respondents. This study recommends that extension organizations aimed at improving farmers’ capacity on preservation of fresh vegetables should disseminate their information through farmers’ groups and radio program.
{"title":"Information Sources on Preservation of Fresh Vegetables in Kwara State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Komolafe, A. Awoyemi, G. Adesiji, Funmilayo Seun Olusegun","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the sources of information on preservation of fresh vegetables among farmers in Ilorin, Kwara State. A total of 120 respondents were randomly selected. A questionnaire was developed to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that respondents cultivate average of 2 hectares of vegetable farms. All (100%) of the respondents produced water leaf, African spinach, Saluyot leaf and African Basil. Drying (99.2%) and refrigeration (17.5%) of fresh vegetables were the main preservation methods adopted by respondents. Fellow farmers (mean=3.75), radio (mean=3.40) and farmers’ group (mean=1.86) were the leading sources of information for preserving fresh vegetables. Education, farming experience and household size of the respondents were significantly related (p<0.05) to the sources of information used by respondents. This study recommends that extension organizations aimed at improving farmers’ capacity on preservation of fresh vegetables should disseminate their information through farmers’ groups and radio program.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48330214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0034
A. N. Zadeh, A. Ghorbani-HasanSaraei, E. Amiri, F. Habibi
The effects of nitrogen fertilization (NF, 60-100 kg ha-1) and parboiling operation (soaking temperature (SoT, 50-80°C) and steaming time (StT, 10-15 min)) on the protein content (PC), amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), hardness value (HV), peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), final viscosity (FV), breakdown (BD), setback (SB) point, peak time (PTi), and pasting temperature (PTe) of brown rice were evaluated. Results showed that the GT, HV, FV, and TV were significantly increased by increasing the NF, SoT, and StT levels. An increase in the SoT and StT levels led to a significant reduction in PC, AC, BD, and TV values. The AC (17.13-16.83%) and PV (1605-1588 cP) values were decreased by increasing the NF level, while the PC (8.78-9.46%) and BD (226.9-247.7 cP) values were increased. Rheological parameters of BD (336.4 cP), FV (3608.5 cP), and SB (1843.5 cP) were notably increased using the combined treatment of 100 kg ha-1 NF and of 80°C SoT. The best triple treatments for the improved GT (5.0 °C), HV (19.37 N), as well as FV (3923 cP), and SB (1949 cP) were 60 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15 min StT, 100 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15 min StT, and 100 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+10 min StT, respectively.
氮肥（NF，60-100kg ha-1）和蒸煮操作（浸泡温度（SoT，50-80°C）和蒸制时间（StT，10-15min））对蛋白质含量（PC）、直链淀粉含量（AC）、糊化温度（GT）、硬度值（HV）、峰值粘度（PV）、谷粘度（TV）、最终粘度（FV），并对糙米的糊化温度（PTe）进行了评价。结果显示，通过增加NF、SoT和StT水平，GT、HV、FV和TV显著增加。SoT和StT水平的增加导致PC、AC、BD和TV值的显著降低。AC（17.13-16.83%）和PV（1605-1588 cP）值随着NF水平的升高而降低，而PC（8.78-9.46%）和BD（226.9-247.7 cP）则升高。使用100 kg ha-1 NF和80°C SoT的联合处理，BD（336.4 cP）、FV（3608.5 cP）和SB（1843.5 cP）的流变参数显著增加。改善GT（5.0°C）、HV（19.37N）以及FV（3923cP）和SB（1949 cP）的最佳三重处理分别为60 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15min StT、100 kg ha-1 NF-+80°CSoT+15minStT和100 kg ha-1NF+80℃SoT+10min StT。
{"title":"The Improved Chemical, Mechanical, Rheological, and Pasting Characteristics of Protein-Rich Brown Rice by Parboiling Process Integrated with Nitrogen Fertilization","authors":"A. N. Zadeh, A. Ghorbani-HasanSaraei, E. Amiri, F. Habibi","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0034","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of nitrogen fertilization (NF, 60-100 kg ha-1) and parboiling operation (soaking temperature (SoT, 50-80°C) and steaming time (StT, 10-15 min)) on the protein content (PC), amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), hardness value (HV), peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), final viscosity (FV), breakdown (BD), setback (SB) point, peak time (PTi), and pasting temperature (PTe) of brown rice were evaluated. Results showed that the GT, HV, FV, and TV were significantly increased by increasing the NF, SoT, and StT levels. An increase in the SoT and StT levels led to a significant reduction in PC, AC, BD, and TV values. The AC (17.13-16.83%) and PV (1605-1588 cP) values were decreased by increasing the NF level, while the PC (8.78-9.46%) and BD (226.9-247.7 cP) values were increased. Rheological parameters of BD (336.4 cP), FV (3608.5 cP), and SB (1843.5 cP) were notably increased using the combined treatment of 100 kg ha-1 NF and of 80°C SoT. The best triple treatments for the improved GT (5.0 °C), HV (19.37 N), as well as FV (3923 cP), and SB (1949 cP) were 60 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15 min StT, 100 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15 min StT, and 100 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+10 min StT, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44564543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2020.0009
O. Bobiș, D. Dezmirean, Victorița Bonta, A. Urcan, A. Moise, Rodica Mărgăoan
Pollen analysis is the basic method for the determination of the botanical and geographical origin of honey. However, the presence of over-represented pollen in honeys may lead to false results of the analysis. This can be more severe if this pollen is present in unifloral under-represented honeys of commercial importance (e.g. thyme or acacia honey). In the present study, we investigated the abundance of nectarless pollen grains on several quality characteristics in honey samples. In particular, the physic-chemical (diastase activity, electrical conductivity, sugars and HMF content) analysis were carried out in order to confirm the declared botanical origin. Spectrophotometric method was used for diastase activity determination, electrical conductivity was determined by potentiometry and chromatographic determinations for HMF content (photodiode array detection) and sugars (HPLC refractive index detection). The present study confirms that, in the case of non-nectariferous pollen presence in honeys, a second count must be made, excluding this pollen type and pollen analysis alone cannot give reliable results for the determination of the botanical origin. Consequently, pollen analysis should be combined with other analyses, especially in honeys with under-represented pollens, to give precise results for the botanical characterization and labeling of honeys.
{"title":"Fungal Diversity and Over-Represented Non-Nectariferous Plants Pollen in Honey. Case Study on Acacia Honey Authenticity, Analyzed in APHIS Laboratory","authors":"O. Bobiș, D. Dezmirean, Victorița Bonta, A. Urcan, A. Moise, Rodica Mărgăoan","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2020.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2020.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Pollen analysis is the basic method for the determination of the botanical and geographical origin of honey. However, the presence of over-represented pollen in honeys may lead to false results of the analysis. This can be more severe if this pollen is present in unifloral under-represented honeys of commercial importance (e.g. thyme or acacia honey). In the present study, we investigated the abundance of nectarless pollen grains on several quality characteristics in honey samples. In particular, the physic-chemical (diastase activity, electrical conductivity, sugars and HMF content) analysis were carried out in order to confirm the declared botanical origin. Spectrophotometric method was used for diastase activity determination, electrical conductivity was determined by potentiometry and chromatographic determinations for HMF content (photodiode array detection) and sugars (HPLC refractive index detection). The present study confirms that, in the case of non-nectariferous pollen presence in honeys, a second count must be made, excluding this pollen type and pollen analysis alone cannot give reliable results for the determination of the botanical origin. Consequently, pollen analysis should be combined with other analyses, especially in honeys with under-represented pollens, to give precise results for the botanical characterization and labeling of honeys.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49086421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0001
Z. Manev, N. Petkova
Experiments were conducted to study the rheological behavior of iota-carrageenan Gels to which potato starch and low-esterified amidated pectin were added. The rheological measurements of carrageenan jellies were performed by a texture analyzer at different concentrations of gelling agent (iota-carrageenan) and fixed concentrations of starch (1.3 %) and pectin (0.3%). Following the experiments, rheological patterns related to rupture force, rupture deformation and firmness of the gels were evaluated. Potato starch and low esterified amidated pectin at certain concentrations do not show synergistic effects with iota-carrageenan. The addition of low esterified amidated pectin or potato starch in iota-carrageenan gel results in a significant reduction in deformation and a minimal reduction in the rupture force.
{"title":"The Effect of Starch and Amidated Pectin on Rheological Behavior of Iota-Carrageenan Gels","authors":"Z. Manev, N. Petkova","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were conducted to study the rheological behavior of iota-carrageenan Gels to which potato starch and low-esterified amidated pectin were added. The rheological measurements of carrageenan jellies were performed by a texture analyzer at different concentrations of gelling agent (iota-carrageenan) and fixed concentrations of starch (1.3 %) and pectin (0.3%). Following the experiments, rheological patterns related to rupture force, rupture deformation and firmness of the gels were evaluated. Potato starch and low esterified amidated pectin at certain concentrations do not show synergistic effects with iota-carrageenan. The addition of low esterified amidated pectin or potato starch in iota-carrageenan gel results in a significant reduction in deformation and a minimal reduction in the rupture force.","PeriodicalId":9406,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46840524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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