Achmad Himawan, Anna Korelidou, Ana M Pérez-Moreno, Juan L Paris, Juan Dominguez-Robles, Lalitkumar K Vora, Andi Dian Permana, Eneko Larrañeta, Robert Graham, Christopher J Scott, Ryan F Donnelly
This study explores the formulation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based composite hydrogels synthesized through solid-state crosslinking. Comprehensive assessments were conducted on their physicochemical properties, leachables, and immunogenicity. Swelling experiments demonstrated that the incorporation of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) enhanced water retention, while chitosan had a minimal effect on swelling behavior. Qualitative analysis of leachables identified water-soluble components, including dehydrated PVA and PVP. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ester bonds and indicated increased hydrogen bonding post-crosslinking. Thermal stability was validated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), with decomposition observed at 320-330 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed enhanced crystallinity following crosslinking. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) further confirmed chemical changes consistent with the results from other characterization techniques. In vitro assays using DC2.4 mouse dendritic cells showed that hydrogel extracts inhibited cell proliferation without causing cytotoxicity or triggering significant immune responses. These findings highlight the hydrogels' biocompatibility and stability, supporting their potential for biomedical applications.
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of PVA-based composite hydrogels: physicochemical, leachables, and <i>in vitro</i> immunogenicity studies.","authors":"Achmad Himawan, Anna Korelidou, Ana M Pérez-Moreno, Juan L Paris, Juan Dominguez-Robles, Lalitkumar K Vora, Andi Dian Permana, Eneko Larrañeta, Robert Graham, Christopher J Scott, Ryan F Donnelly","doi":"10.1039/d4tb02181a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb02181a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the formulation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based composite hydrogels synthesized through solid-state crosslinking. Comprehensive assessments were conducted on their physicochemical properties, leachables, and immunogenicity. Swelling experiments demonstrated that the incorporation of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) enhanced water retention, while chitosan had a minimal effect on swelling behavior. Qualitative analysis of leachables identified water-soluble components, including dehydrated PVA and PVP. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ester bonds and indicated increased hydrogen bonding post-crosslinking. Thermal stability was validated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), with decomposition observed at 320-330 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed enhanced crystallinity following crosslinking. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) further confirmed chemical changes consistent with the results from other characterization techniques. <i>In vitro</i> assays using DC2.4 mouse dendritic cells showed that hydrogel extracts inhibited cell proliferation without causing cytotoxicity or triggering significant immune responses. These findings highlight the hydrogels' biocompatibility and stability, supporting their potential for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Sowndarya, T Daniel Thangadurai, Nebu George Thomas, Renjith Sreedharan, Sukumaran Anil, N Manjubaashini, T G Satheesh Babu, S Megha Kumar
We investigated the in vitro and in vivo uses of pamoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles (PA@AuNPs), with a focus on determining their safety and potential toxicity in living beings. To test this theory, the bacterial interaction of PA@AuNPs was studied using Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures, as well as the inhibition of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is used to measure the expression of target genes. PA@AuNPs caused dose-dependent cell death in MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer (BC) cell line, with an LC50 of -42.23 μL mL-1. It also caused apoptosis in BC cells. The results indicated that in the early weeks, inflammatory cells (mostly neutrophils and macrophages) penetrated the connective tissue, but in the latter weeks, a substantial number of fibroblasts and fibrocytes were identified. Changes in vascular channels, extravasated red blood cells (RBCs), and necrosis are all indicators of growing tissue pathology. These data could point to a dynamic process including an anti-inflammatory response followed by tissue remodeling or repair. These findings show that PA@AuNPs were not hazardous to the tested Sprague Dawley rats, are highly biocompatible, and can be used in a variety of biological applications.
{"title":"Effect of surface-engineered AuNPs on gene expression, bacterial interaction, protein denaturation, and toxicology assay: an <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> model.","authors":"A Sowndarya, T Daniel Thangadurai, Nebu George Thomas, Renjith Sreedharan, Sukumaran Anil, N Manjubaashini, T G Satheesh Babu, S Megha Kumar","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01731e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01731e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> uses of pamoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles (PA@AuNPs), with a focus on determining their safety and potential toxicity in living beings. To test this theory, the bacterial interaction of PA@AuNPs was studied using <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> cultures, as well as the inhibition of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is used to measure the expression of target genes. PA@AuNPs caused dose-dependent cell death in MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer (BC) cell line, with an LC<sub>50</sub> of -42.23 μL mL<sup>-1</sup>. It also caused apoptosis in BC cells. The results indicated that in the early weeks, inflammatory cells (mostly neutrophils and macrophages) penetrated the connective tissue, but in the latter weeks, a substantial number of fibroblasts and fibrocytes were identified. Changes in vascular channels, extravasated red blood cells (RBCs), and necrosis are all indicators of growing tissue pathology. These data could point to a dynamic process including an anti-inflammatory response followed by tissue remodeling or repair. These findings show that PA@AuNPs were not hazardous to the tested Sprague Dawley rats, are highly biocompatible, and can be used in a variety of biological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sagnik Ghosh, Sathiyaraj Subramaniyan, Anadi Bisht, Bhanu Nandan, Ritu Kulshreshtha, Minna Hakkarainen, Rajiv K Srivastava
In recent years, the development of biodegradable, cell-adhesive polymeric implants and minimally invasive surgery has significantly advanced healthcare. These materials exhibit multifunctional properties like self-healing, shape-memory, and cell adhesion, which can be achieved through novel chemical approaches. Engineering of such materials and their scalability using a classical polymer network without complex chemical synthesis and modification has been a great challenge, which potentially can be resolved using biobased dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC). Here, we report a scalable, self-healable, biodegradable, and cell-adhesive poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based vitrimer scaffold, using imine exchange, free from the limitations of melting transitions and supramolecular interactions in 4D-printed PCL. PCL's typical hydrophobicity hinders cell adhesion; however, our design, based on photopolymerization of PCL-dimethacrylate and methacrylate-terminated vanillin-based imine, achieves a water contact angle of 64°. The polymer network, fabricated in varying proportions, exhibited a co-continuous phase morphology, achieving optimal shape fixity (91 ± 1.7%) and shape recovery (92.5 ± 0.1%) at physiological temperature (37 °C). Additionally, the scaffold promoted cell adhesion and proliferation and reduced oxidative stress at the defect site. This multifunctional material shows the potential of DCC-based research in developing smart biomedical devices with complex geometries, paving the way for novel applications in regenerative medicine and implant design.
{"title":"Towards cell-adhesive, 4D printable PCL networks through dynamic covalent chemistry.","authors":"Sagnik Ghosh, Sathiyaraj Subramaniyan, Anadi Bisht, Bhanu Nandan, Ritu Kulshreshtha, Minna Hakkarainen, Rajiv K Srivastava","doi":"10.1039/d4tb02423k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb02423k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the development of biodegradable, cell-adhesive polymeric implants and minimally invasive surgery has significantly advanced healthcare. These materials exhibit multifunctional properties like self-healing, shape-memory, and cell adhesion, which can be achieved through novel chemical approaches. Engineering of such materials and their scalability using a classical polymer network without complex chemical synthesis and modification has been a great challenge, which potentially can be resolved using biobased dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC). Here, we report a scalable, self-healable, biodegradable, and cell-adhesive poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based vitrimer scaffold, using imine exchange, free from the limitations of melting transitions and supramolecular interactions in 4D-printed PCL. PCL's typical hydrophobicity hinders cell adhesion; however, our design, based on photopolymerization of PCL-dimethacrylate and methacrylate-terminated vanillin-based imine, achieves a water contact angle of 64°. The polymer network, fabricated in varying proportions, exhibited a co-continuous phase morphology, achieving optimal shape fixity (91 ± 1.7%) and shape recovery (92.5 ± 0.1%) at physiological temperature (37 °C). Additionally, the scaffold promoted cell adhesion and proliferation and reduced oxidative stress at the defect site. This multifunctional material shows the potential of DCC-based research in developing smart biomedical devices with complex geometries, paving the way for novel applications in regenerative medicine and implant design.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In an antioxidant peptide study, the number and position of active amino acid sites, as well as the peptides' conformation, are found to be crucial for scavenging hydroxyl radicals (˙OH). Herein, ˙the OH scavenging activity of tilapia pentapeptide (P1, YGDQY) and its analogs including P2 (YYYGDQY), P3 (YYGDQYY) and P4 (YYGPDQYY) was investigated. The results showed that the tyrosine's amount, location and the peptides' conformation played important roles in determining peptides' scavenging activity (34.1 ± 0.8%, 45.1 ± 0.9%, 58.6 ± 1.3% and 48.4 ± 0.96% for P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively). Density functional theory simulation showed that only the tyrosine sites located within the effective diffusion distance of ˙OH could scavenge the radical. The peptides did not cause cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells. And the peptide-treated group could increase the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. This work may contribute to designing more active antioxidant peptides based on natural peptides' analogs.
{"title":"Tyrosine-modified tilapia skin antioxidant peptides and their hydroxyl radical quenching activities.","authors":"Yunyao Wang, Ruiqing Jiu, Zongda Li, Qiuying Wang, Xiangmin Lei, Jianan Chen, Haochi Liu, Jifeng Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4tb02200a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb02200a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an antioxidant peptide study, the number and position of active amino acid sites, as well as the peptides' conformation, are found to be crucial for scavenging hydroxyl radicals (˙OH). Herein, ˙the OH scavenging activity of tilapia pentapeptide (P1, YGDQY) and its analogs including P2 (YYYGDQY), P3 (YYGDQYY) and P4 (YYGPDQYY) was investigated. The results showed that the tyrosine's amount, location and the peptides' conformation played important roles in determining peptides' scavenging activity (34.1 ± 0.8%, 45.1 ± 0.9%, 58.6 ± 1.3% and 48.4 ± 0.96% for P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively). Density functional theory simulation showed that only the tyrosine sites located within the effective diffusion distance of ˙OH could scavenge the radical. The peptides did not cause cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells. And the peptide-treated group could increase the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. This work may contribute to designing more active antioxidant peptides based on natural peptides' analogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open wounds are one of the concerns of modern medicine. Early on, before the wound has closed, bacteria can easily enter, leading to bacterial infections. Excipients with antimicrobial effects can greatly facilitate the wound healing process. In this work, we screened and synthesized the antimicrobial peptide Thr-Trp-Pro-Gla-Leu (TWPAL), which has good bacteriostatic effect as well as drug resistance. And by loading it into a hyaluronic acid/gelatin hydrogel, we developed an antimicrobial hydrogel (TWPAL-gel), and by analyzing the results of animal experiments, it was found that this treatment has obvious efficacy in the treatment of animal wound infections, which provides a strong experimental basis for the clinical treatment and an important reference value for the further research on the treatment of diseases. Therefore, a new antimicrobial peptide TWPAL and a hydrogel based on this peptide were developed in this study to provide a comfortable and sterile recovery environment for wound healing, which can be an ideal choice for the treatment of open wounds.
{"title":"Screening of an antimicrobial peptide-TWPAL and its application in hydrogels for wound healing.","authors":"Huinan Wang, Fengyuan Gao, Muhammad Rafiq, Bing Yu, Qinghai Niu, Hailin Cong","doi":"10.1039/d4tb02253j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb02253j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Open wounds are one of the concerns of modern medicine. Early on, before the wound has closed, bacteria can easily enter, leading to bacterial infections. Excipients with antimicrobial effects can greatly facilitate the wound healing process. In this work, we screened and synthesized the antimicrobial peptide Thr-Trp-Pro-Gla-Leu (TWPAL), which has good bacteriostatic effect as well as drug resistance. And by loading it into a hyaluronic acid/gelatin hydrogel, we developed an antimicrobial hydrogel (TWPAL-gel), and by analyzing the results of animal experiments, it was found that this treatment has obvious efficacy in the treatment of animal wound infections, which provides a strong experimental basis for the clinical treatment and an important reference value for the further research on the treatment of diseases. Therefore, a new antimicrobial peptide TWPAL and a hydrogel based on this peptide were developed in this study to provide a comfortable and sterile recovery environment for wound healing, which can be an ideal choice for the treatment of open wounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Owing to the adverse consequences of excess glucose (Glu) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on humans, it is imperative to develop an electrochemical sensor for detection of these analytes with good selectivity and sensitivity. Herein, a nanohybrid comprising nickel cobaltite nanoparticles (NiCo2O4 NPs) embedded on conductive Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (NSs) has been prudently designed and employed for the electrochemical detection of Glu and H2O2. The developed nanohybrid has been systematically characterized using morphological and spectral techniques, and then immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Under optimized conditions, the developed NiCo2O4-Ti3C2Tx/GCE based electrochemical sensor has demonstrated an impressive analytical response towards Glu and H2O2 with good sensitivity and selectivity. The non-enzymatic sensor has demonstrated a broad linear range from 30 μM to 1.83 mM for Glu, and two linear ranges of 20-100 μM and 100 μM-2.01 mM for H2O2. The sensor has exhibited limits of detection (LOD) of 9 μM and 6 μM with sensitivities of 101.2 μA μM-1 cm-2 and 107.03 μA μM-1 cm-2, respectively, for Glu and H2O2 detection. The impressive analytical performance of the fabricated sensor in terms of linear range, LOD and sensitivity are ascribed to the (i) enhanced conductivity of Ti3C2Tx NSs, (ii) mediated electrocatalytic activity of NiCo2O4 NPs and (iii) large number of catalytically active sites on the NiCo2O4-Ti3C2Tx heterostructure. Notably, the NiCo2O4-Ti3C2Tx/GCE has demonstrated impressive stability and reproducibility, which is mainly due to the in situ uniform growth of NiCo2O4 NPs over Ti3C2Tx NSs.
{"title":"<i>In situ</i> developed NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> nanohybrid towards non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide.","authors":"Devarasu Mohanapriya, Kathavarayan Thenmozhi","doi":"10.1039/d4tb02265c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb02265c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Owing to the adverse consequences of excess glucose (Glu) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) on humans, it is imperative to develop an electrochemical sensor for detection of these analytes with good selectivity and sensitivity. Herein, a nanohybrid comprising nickel cobaltite nanoparticles (NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) embedded on conductive Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> nanosheets (NSs) has been prudently designed and employed for the electrochemical detection of Glu and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The developed nanohybrid has been systematically characterized using morphological and spectral techniques, and then immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Under optimized conditions, the developed NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub>/GCE based electrochemical sensor has demonstrated an impressive analytical response towards Glu and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with good sensitivity and selectivity. The non-enzymatic sensor has demonstrated a broad linear range from 30 μM to 1.83 mM for Glu, and two linear ranges of 20-100 μM and 100 μM-2.01 mM for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The sensor has exhibited limits of detection (LOD) of 9 μM and 6 μM with sensitivities of 101.2 μA μM<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> and 107.03 μA μM<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively, for Glu and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> detection. The impressive analytical performance of the fabricated sensor in terms of linear range, LOD and sensitivity are ascribed to the (i) enhanced conductivity of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> NSs, (ii) mediated electrocatalytic activity of NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs and (iii) large number of catalytically active sites on the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> heterostructure. Notably, the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub>/GCE has demonstrated impressive stability and reproducibility, which is mainly due to the <i>in situ</i> uniform growth of NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs over Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> NSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tom Roussel, Twiany Cruz-Dubois, Beatrice Louis, Erik Laurini, Ling Ding, Laure Balasse, Vincent Nail, Françoise Dignat-George, Suzanne Giorgio, Sabrina Pricl, Benjamin Guillet, Philippe Garrigue, Ling Peng
Self-assembly is a powerful strategy for building nanosystems for biomedical applications. We have recently developed small amphiphilic dendrimers capable of self-assembling into nanomicelles for tumor imaging. In this context, we studied the impact of increased hydrophobicity of the amphiphilic dendrimer on hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance and consequently on the self-assembly and subsequent biodistribution. Remarkably, despite maintaining the exact same surface chemistry, similar zeta potential, and small size, the altered and enlarged hydrophobic component within the amphiphilic dendrimer led to enhanced stability of the self-assembled nanomicelles, with prolonged circulation time and massive accumulation in the liver. This study reveals that even structural alteration within the interior of nanomicelles can dramatically impact biodistribution profiles. This finding highlights the deeper complexity of rational design for nanomedicine and the need to consider factors other than surface charge and chemistry, as well as size, all of which significantly impact the biodistribution of self-assembling nanosystems.
{"title":"Impact of inner hydrophobicity of dendrimer nanomicelles on biodistribution: a PET imaging study.","authors":"Tom Roussel, Twiany Cruz-Dubois, Beatrice Louis, Erik Laurini, Ling Ding, Laure Balasse, Vincent Nail, Françoise Dignat-George, Suzanne Giorgio, Sabrina Pricl, Benjamin Guillet, Philippe Garrigue, Ling Peng","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01266f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01266f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-assembly is a powerful strategy for building nanosystems for biomedical applications. We have recently developed small amphiphilic dendrimers capable of self-assembling into nanomicelles for tumor imaging. In this context, we studied the impact of increased hydrophobicity of the amphiphilic dendrimer on hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance and consequently on the self-assembly and subsequent biodistribution. Remarkably, despite maintaining the exact same surface chemistry, similar zeta potential, and small size, the altered and enlarged hydrophobic component within the amphiphilic dendrimer led to enhanced stability of the self-assembled nanomicelles, with prolonged circulation time and massive accumulation in the liver. This study reveals that even structural alteration within the interior of nanomicelles can dramatically impact biodistribution profiles. This finding highlights the deeper complexity of rational design for nanomedicine and the need to consider factors other than surface charge and chemistry, as well as size, all of which significantly impact the biodistribution of self-assembling nanosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xi Liao, Meng-Han Bai, Yu-Wei Liu, Yu-Qing Wei, Jun-Yang Wang, Zhi-Guo Wang, Rui Hong, Ju-Xiang Gou, Jia-Zhuang Xu, Zhong-Ming Li, Ka Li
Nasogastric tube (NGT) intubation is a common yet critical clinical procedure. However, complications arising from tube friction result in awful pain and morbidity. Here, we report a straightforward surface modification of slender NGT utilizing highly hydrated micelles that were composed of hyaluronic acid and Pluronic. The strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding facilitated the assembly of the micelles on NGT via a one-step dip coating process. The micelle coating conferred excellent hydrophilic, lubrication, anti-protein adhesive, and biocompatible properties. The in vivo efficacy of the micelle coating in alleviating catheterization irritation and mucosal injury was demonstrated using an NGT intubation model of rabbits. More importantly, compared to the paraffin oil coating (the current clinical means), the micelle coating possessed superior capability to reduce the inflammatory reaction caused by NGT intubation. The underlying mechanism was attributed to the suppression of the TLR4-IKBα-NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. This work provides a promising solution for developing lubricant medical coatings.
{"title":"Mitigating intubation stress, mucosa injury, and inflammatory response in nasogastric tube intubation <i>via</i> suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway by engineering a hydration lubrication coating.","authors":"Xi Liao, Meng-Han Bai, Yu-Wei Liu, Yu-Qing Wei, Jun-Yang Wang, Zhi-Guo Wang, Rui Hong, Ju-Xiang Gou, Jia-Zhuang Xu, Zhong-Ming Li, Ka Li","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01171f","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4tb01171f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasogastric tube (NGT) intubation is a common yet critical clinical procedure. However, complications arising from tube friction result in awful pain and morbidity. Here, we report a straightforward surface modification of slender NGT utilizing highly hydrated micelles that were composed of hyaluronic acid and Pluronic. The strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding facilitated the assembly of the micelles on NGT <i>via</i> a one-step dip coating process. The micelle coating conferred excellent hydrophilic, lubrication, anti-protein adhesive, and biocompatible properties. The <i>in vivo</i> efficacy of the micelle coating in alleviating catheterization irritation and mucosal injury was demonstrated using an NGT intubation model of rabbits. More importantly, compared to the paraffin oil coating (the current clinical means), the micelle coating possessed superior capability to reduce the inflammatory reaction caused by NGT intubation. The underlying mechanism was attributed to the suppression of the TLR4-IKBα-NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. This work provides a promising solution for developing lubricant medical coatings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a commensal organism found on the human skin, is commonly associated with nosocomial infections and exhibits virulence mediated by toxins and resistance to antibiotics. The global threat of antibiotic resistance has necessitated antimicrobial stewardship to improve the safe and appropriate use of antimicrobials; hence, there is an urgent demand for the advanced, cost-effective, and rapid detection of specific bacteria. In this regard, we aimed to selectively detect S. aureus using surface molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticles templated with a well-known biomarker protein A, specific to S. aureus. Herein, a highly selective surface molecularly imprinted polymeric thin layer was created on ∼250 nm magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) through the immobilization of protein A to aldehyde functionalized MNPs, followed by monomer polymerization and template washing. This study employs the rational selection of monomers based on their computationally predicted binding affinity to protein A at multiple surface residues. The resulting MIPs from rationally selected monomer combinations demonstrated an imprinting factor as high as ∼5. Selectivity studies revealed MIPs with four-fold higher binding capacity (BC) to protein A than other non-target proteins, such as lysozyme and serum albumin. In addition, it showed significant binding to S. aureus, whereas negligible binding to other non-specific Gram-negative, i.e. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Gram-positive, i.e. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), bacteria. This MIP was employed for the capture and specific detection of fluorescently labeled S. aureus. Quantitative detection was performed using a conventional plate counting technique in a linear detection range of 101-107 bacterial cells. Remarkably, the MIPs also exhibited approximately 100% cell recovery from milk samples spiked with S. aureus (106 CFU mL-1), underscoring its potential as a robust tool for sensitive and accurate bacterial detection in dairy products. The developed MIP exhibiting high affinity and selective binding to protein A finds its potential applications in the magnetic capture and selective detection of protein A as well as S. aureus infections and contaminations.
金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)是一种在人体皮肤上发现的共生有机体,通常与医院内感染有关,并通过毒素和抗生素耐药性表现出毒性。全球抗生素耐药性的威胁要求我们加强抗菌药物管理,以提高抗菌药物使用的安全性和合理性;因此,对先进、经济、快速检测特定细菌的需求十分迫切。在这方面,我们的目标是利用表面分子印迹磁性纳米粒子,以金黄色葡萄球菌的特异性生物标记蛋白 A 为模板,选择性地检测金黄色葡萄球菌。在这里,通过将蛋白质 A 固定在醛官能化的磁性纳米粒子(MNPs)上,然后进行单体聚合和模板清洗,在 ∼250 nm 的磁性纳米粒子(MNPs)上形成了高选择性的表面分子印迹聚合物薄层。本研究根据计算预测的单体与蛋白质 A 在多个表面残基上的结合亲和力,合理选择单体。通过合理选择单体组合得到的 MIPs 的印记因子高达 ∼5。选择性研究显示,与溶菌酶和血清白蛋白等其他非目标蛋白相比,MIPs 与蛋白 A 的结合能力(BC)高出四倍。此外,它对金黄色葡萄球菌有明显的结合力,而对其他非特异性革兰氏阴性菌,即大肠杆菌(E. coli)、铜绿假单胞菌(P. aeruginosa)和革兰氏阳性菌,即枯草杆菌(B. subtilis)的结合力可忽略不计。这种 MIP 用于捕获和特异性检测荧光标记的金黄色葡萄球菌。采用传统的平板计数技术,在 101-107 个细菌细胞的线性检测范围内进行定量检测。值得注意的是,从添加了金黄色葡萄球菌(106 CFU mL-1)的牛奶样品中提取金黄色葡萄球菌细胞,MIPs 的细胞回收率约为 100%,这表明它有潜力成为灵敏、准确地检测乳制品中细菌的有力工具。所开发的 MIP 与蛋白 A 具有高亲和力和选择性结合,有望应用于蛋白 A 以及金黄色葡萄球菌感染和污染的磁捕获和选择性检测。
{"title":"Rationally designed protein A surface molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticles for the capture and detection of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.","authors":"Kritika Narula, Soumya Rajpal, Snehasis Bhakta, Senthilguru Kulanthaivel, Prashant Mishra","doi":"10.1039/d4tb00392f","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4tb00392f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>), a commensal organism found on the human skin, is commonly associated with nosocomial infections and exhibits virulence mediated by toxins and resistance to antibiotics. The global threat of antibiotic resistance has necessitated antimicrobial stewardship to improve the safe and appropriate use of antimicrobials; hence, there is an urgent demand for the advanced, cost-effective, and rapid detection of specific bacteria. In this regard, we aimed to selectively detect <i>S. aureus</i> using surface molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticles templated with a well-known biomarker protein A, specific to <i>S. aureus</i>. Herein, a highly selective surface molecularly imprinted polymeric thin layer was created on ∼250 nm magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) through the immobilization of protein A to aldehyde functionalized MNPs, followed by monomer polymerization and template washing. This study employs the rational selection of monomers based on their computationally predicted binding affinity to protein A at multiple surface residues. The resulting MIPs from rationally selected monomer combinations demonstrated an imprinting factor as high as ∼5. Selectivity studies revealed MIPs with four-fold higher binding capacity (BC) to protein A than other non-target proteins, such as lysozyme and serum albumin. In addition, it showed significant binding to <i>S. aureus</i>, whereas negligible binding to other non-specific Gram-negative, <i>i.e. Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>), <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>), and Gram-positive, <i>i.e. Bacillus subtilis</i> (<i>B. subtilis</i>), bacteria. This MIP was employed for the capture and specific detection of fluorescently labeled <i>S. aureus.</i> Quantitative detection was performed using a conventional plate counting technique in a linear detection range of 10<sup>1</sup>-10<sup>7</sup> bacterial cells. Remarkably, the MIPs also exhibited approximately 100% cell recovery from milk samples spiked with <i>S. aureus</i> (10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup>), underscoring its potential as a robust tool for sensitive and accurate bacterial detection in dairy products. The developed MIP exhibiting high affinity and selective binding to protein A finds its potential applications in the magnetic capture and selective detection of protein A as well as <i>S. aureus</i> infections and contaminations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":"5699-5710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are commonly employed for drug delivery owing to their considerable drug-loading capacity, low toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the formation of protein corona (PC) on their surfaces significantly influences the drug's in vivo fate (such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) upon administration. PC denotes the phenomenon wherein one or multiple strata of proteins adhere to the external interface of nanoparticles (NPs) or microparticles within the biological milieu, encompassing ex vivo fluids (e.g., serum-containing culture media) and in vivo fluids (such as blood and tissue fluids). Hence, it is essential to claim the PC formation behaviors and mechanisms on the surface of LNPs. This overview provided a comprehensive examination of crucial aspects related to such issues, encompassing time evolution, controllability, and their subsequent impacts on LNPs. Classical studies of PC generation on the surface of LNPs were additionally integrated, and its decisive role in shaping the in vivo fate of LNPs was explored. The mechanisms underlying PC formation, including the adsorption theory and alteration theory, were introduced to delve into the formation process. Subsequently, the existing experimental outcomes were synthesized to offer insights into the research and application facets of PC, and it was concluded that the manipulation of PC held substantial promise in the realm of targeted delivery.
脂质纳米颗粒(LNPs)具有相当大的载药量、低毒性和良好的生物相容性,因此被广泛用于药物输送。然而,脂质纳米粒子表面形成的蛋白质电晕(PC)会严重影响给药后药物在体内的转归(如吸收、分布、代谢和消除)。PC 指的是在生物环境中,包括体外体液(如含血清的培养基)和体内体液(如血液和组织液),纳米颗粒或微粒的外部界面上附着一层或多层蛋白质的现象。因此,了解 LNPs 表面 PC 的形成行为和机制至关重要。本综述全面考察了与这些问题相关的关键方面,包括时间演变、可控性及其对 LNPs 的后续影响。此外,还对 LNPs 表面 PC 生成的经典研究进行了整合,并探讨了 PC 在塑造 LNPs 体内命运方面的决定性作用。介绍了 PC 的形成机制,包括吸附理论和改变理论,以深入探讨 PC 的形成过程。随后,综合现有的实验结果,对 PC 的研究和应用方面提出了见解,并得出结论:操纵 PC 在靶向递送领域大有可为。
{"title":"Looking back, moving forward: protein corona of lipid nanoparticles.","authors":"Yue Gao, Yeqi Huang, Chuanyu Ren, Peiwen Chou, Chuanbin Wu, Xin Pan, Guilan Quan, Zhengwei Huang","doi":"10.1039/d4tb00186a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4tb00186a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are commonly employed for drug delivery owing to their considerable drug-loading capacity, low toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the formation of protein corona (PC) on their surfaces significantly influences the drug's <i>in vivo</i> fate (such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) upon administration. PC denotes the phenomenon wherein one or multiple strata of proteins adhere to the external interface of nanoparticles (NPs) or microparticles within the biological milieu, encompassing <i>ex vivo</i> fluids (<i>e.g.</i>, serum-containing culture media) and <i>in vivo</i> fluids (such as blood and tissue fluids). Hence, it is essential to claim the PC formation behaviors and mechanisms on the surface of LNPs. This overview provided a comprehensive examination of crucial aspects related to such issues, encompassing time evolution, controllability, and their subsequent impacts on LNPs. Classical studies of PC generation on the surface of LNPs were additionally integrated, and its decisive role in shaping the <i>in vivo</i> fate of LNPs was explored. The mechanisms underlying PC formation, including the adsorption theory and alteration theory, were introduced to delve into the formation process. Subsequently, the existing experimental outcomes were synthesized to offer insights into the research and application facets of PC, and it was concluded that the manipulation of PC held substantial promise in the realm of targeted delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of materials chemistry. B","volume":" ","pages":"5573-5588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}