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Burning issues: trends in newspaper coverage of wildfire events and health. 燃烧问题:报纸报道野火事件和健康的趋势。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag010
Ana Raquel Nunes

Background: The health impacts of wildfire events are a significant public health concern. Media coverage plays a central role in shaping public understanding, guiding risk perception, and influencing policy responses. However, the extent to which health-related dimensions of wildfires are integrated into media narratives remains underexplored.

Methods: This study examined global newspaper coverage of wildfire-related health impacts from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, using the Nexis Uni (LexisNexis) database and its SmartIndexing Technology. The indexed terms included 'forest fires,' 'public health,' and 'mental health' (i.e. Subject[Forest Fires AND Public Health AND Mental Health]), with no limits or language restrictions applied. Thematic content analysis was used to investigate how health impacts of wildfire events were framed and communicated.

Results: A total of 317 newspaper articles covering wildfire events and health were published between 12 August 1993 and 24 April 2025, with media coverage increasing substantially since the late 2010s. Articles increasingly portray wildfire events as public health crisis, incorporating both physiological and psychological health risks. Narrative strategies range from technocratic framings to justice-oriented approaches highlighting Indigenous knowledge. Notably, significant disparities were observed in tone, epistemic grounding, and policy orientation between outlets. Biomedical framings were prevalent, with limited engagement with structural determinants such as climate change.

Conclusions: Media coverage of wildfires has increased and shifted towards a public health framing, but remains uneven and geographically concentrated, raising questions about whether prolonged events in high-net-worth areas disproportionately drive media attention.

背景:野火事件对健康的影响是一个重要的公共卫生问题。媒体报道在塑造公众理解、引导风险认知和影响政策反应方面发挥着核心作用。然而,野火与健康有关的方面在多大程度上被纳入媒体叙述仍未得到充分探讨。方法:本研究使用Nexis Uni (LexisNexis)数据库及其智能索引技术,从定量和定性的角度检查了全球报纸对野火相关健康影响的报道。索引的术语包括“森林火灾”、“公共卫生”和“心理健康”(即主题[森林火灾、公共卫生和心理健康]),没有任何限制或语言限制。专题内容分析用于调查野火事件对健康的影响是如何形成和传播的。结果:1993年8月12日至2025年4月24日期间,共发表了317篇报道野火事件和健康的报纸文章,自2010年代末以来,媒体报道大幅增加。越来越多的文章将野火事件描述为公共卫生危机,包括生理和心理健康风险。叙事策略包括从技术官僚框架到强调土著知识的正义导向方法。值得注意的是,各媒体在语气、认知基础和政策取向方面存在显著差异。生物医学框架很普遍,但与气候变化等结构性决定因素的接触有限。结论:媒体对野火的报道有所增加,并转向公共卫生框架,但仍然不平衡,地理上集中,这引发了一个问题,即高净值地区的长期事件是否不成比例地引起了媒体的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Gender, economic stressors, and altered food intake during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from four waves of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey. 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的性别、经济压力因素和食物摄入改变:来自四波全国代表性横断面调查的结果。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag009
Cristina Novakovic, Gilciane Ceolin, Alexander C T Tam, Veronica Steck, Chris G Richardson, Emily Jenkins, Annalijn I Conklin

Objective: To examine gender-specific associations of four economic stressors and self-reported changes in food intake during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Four rounds of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey (n = 9207) in Canada (May 2020 to December 2021). Stratified multilevel logistic regression models conditioned on provincial and individual confounders to examine main and independent associations between stress over financial concerns, having enough food, accessing benefits, or losing one's job and self-reported eating more or less than usual.

Results: Overall, 36.4% of respondents increased or decreased their usual food intake since the pandemic. Stress over financial concerns was independently associated with higher odds of eating more among women (OR 1.63 [CI95: 1.33, 2.01]) and men (1.66 [1.32, 2.08]), and also eating less among women (1.64 [1.14, 2.36]) and men (1.76 [1.21, 2.56]). Stress over having enough food was independently associated with higher odds of eating less among women (1.59 [1.11, 2.28]) and men (1.82 [1.21, 2.75]). Stress over losing one's job was independently associated with higher odds of both eating more and eating less among men only (1.49 [1.17, 1.89] and 1.61 [1.11, 2.34], respectively).

Conclusion: Four types of economic stressors affected self-reported altered food intake in both genders, with stronger associations in men, and the job-loss stressor was only associated with men's reported food intake.

目的:研究COVID-19大流行期间四种经济压力因素与自我报告的食物摄入变化之间的性别相关性。设计:在加拿大进行四轮全国代表性横断面调查(n = 9207)(2020年5月至2021年12月)。分层的多层逻辑回归模型以省和个人混杂因素为条件,检查经济压力、有足够的食物、获得福利或失业与自我报告的比平时吃得多或少之间的主要和独立联系。结果:总体而言,自疫情以来,36.4%的受访者增加或减少了平时的食物摄入量。经济压力与女性(OR为1.63 [CI95: 1.33, 2.01])和男性(OR为1.66[1.32,2.08])吃得更多的几率独立相关,女性(OR为1.64[1.14,2.36])和男性(OR为1.76[1.21,2.56])吃得更少的几率也更高。在女性(1.59[1.11,2.28])和男性(1.82[1.21,2.75])中,食物充足的压力与更少吃的几率独立相关。在男性中,失业带来的压力与多吃和少吃的几率都有独立关系(分别为1.49[1.17,1.89]和1.61[1.11,2.34])。结论:四种类型的经济压力因素影响了男女自我报告的食物摄入量的改变,其中男性的相关性更强,而失业压力因素仅与男性报告的食物摄入量有关。
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引用次数: 0
Health improvement and inequality in local authority green infrastructure strategies in England: a policy review. 英格兰地方当局绿色基础设施战略中的健康改善和不平等:政策审查。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag006
Angela Hands, Jennifer Israelsson, Nina Reynolds, Elozona Umeh, Peninah Murage, Grace Turner

Introduction: Green spaces are increasingly recognized as critical to public health. This study examines English local planning authorities' green infrastructure strategies, evaluating how health improvement and inequality reduction goals are integrated.

Methods: A quantitative content analysis was conducted on publicly accessible green infrastructure strategy documents. Of 305 potential authorities, 133 (44%) were included based on eligibility criteria. Only strategies published from 2012 onwards were included. Data were coded across themes: health policy and actors, health outcomes, demographics and inequalities, environmental change and health. A scoring system quantified consideration of health and inequality, with descriptive statistics summarizing thematic presence, frequency, regional variation, and temporal trends.

Results: The integration of health and inequality varied substantially. Most strategies referenced general health outcomes, but fewer detailed actions targeting health inequalities or specific demographic groups. Regional differences were observed, and methods for monitoring health impacts were limited.

Conclusion: Local green infrastructure strategies in England increasingly recognize their health improvement potential, but inconsistent integration of health and inequality may limit impact. Stronger collaboration between planning and public health is needed to create equitable, accessible, health-promoting environments. Future research should explore longitudinal health impacts and identify best practices for integrating health equity in spatial planning.

引言:人们越来越认识到绿地对公共健康至关重要。本研究考察了英国地方规划当局的绿色基础设施战略,评估了如何将健康改善和减少不平等的目标结合起来。方法:对可公开获取的绿色基础设施战略文件进行定量内容分析。在305个潜在当局中,133个(44%)根据资格标准被纳入。仅包括2012年以后发布的战略。数据按以下主题编码:卫生政策和行为者、卫生成果、人口统计和不平等、环境变化和健康。一个评分系统量化了对健康和不平等的考虑,用描述性统计总结了专题存在、频率、区域差异和时间趋势。结果:健康与不平等的整合差异很大。大多数战略提到一般健康结果,但针对健康不平等或特定人口群体的详细行动较少。观察到地区差异,监测健康影响的方法有限。结论:英格兰地方绿色基础设施战略越来越认识到其改善健康的潜力,但健康与不平等的不一致整合可能会限制影响。需要加强规划和公共卫生之间的合作,以创造公平、便利和促进健康的环境。未来的研究应探索纵向健康影响,并确定将健康公平纳入空间规划的最佳做法。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: When love hurts: emotional labor and hidden strains of intimate partner violence in toxic relationships. 修正:当爱受伤:有毒关系中亲密伴侣暴力的情绪劳动和隐藏的压力。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag008
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引用次数: 0
What happens beyond the excess weight threshold? Evidence from adult women in India. 超过超重阈值会发生什么?来自印度成年女性的证据。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag003
Jaya Jumrani

Background: Overweight and obesity rates have skyrocketed over the last three decades, particularly in developing countries. This study examines the prevalent trends, and spatial and temporal patterns of overweight/obesity among India's adult women.

Methods: Using unit-level data from the National Family Health Surveys (NFHSs), this study examines the extent of overweight/obesity among adult women. Majority of the extant studies in the Indian context focus on a single metric, i.e. headcount ratio. This approach only considers a single cut-off point and ignores the differences beyond this threshold. However, the obesity burden is unlikely to be evenly distributed. To address this, I incorporate measures that explicitly take this into consideration and resort to a distribution-sensitive metric, i.e. the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index (FGT), to identify the underlying changes in the body mass index (BMI) distribution.

Results: The analysis reveals a consistent increase in most FGT index measures, particularly among urban women. The results suggest that interventions should preferably be group-specific and targeted in nature.

Conclusions: The findings highlight that a distribution-sensitive metric provides a more nuanced understanding of the prevalent inequalities in the BMI distribution. It helps to capture the non-linear health and economic dimensions of the growing overweight or obesity burden in India.

背景:超重和肥胖率在过去三十年中急剧上升,特别是在发展中国家。本研究调查了印度成年女性超重/肥胖的流行趋势和时空模式。方法:利用国家家庭健康调查(NFHSs)的单位数据,本研究调查了成年女性超重/肥胖的程度。在印度的背景下,现有的大多数研究都集中在一个单一的指标上,即员工人数比率。这种方法只考虑一个截止点,而忽略了超出该阈值的差异。然而,肥胖负担不太可能均匀分布。为了解决这个问题,我采用了明确考虑到这一点的措施,并求助于分布敏感指标,即福斯特-格里尔-托贝克指数(FGT),以确定身体质量指数(BMI)分布的潜在变化。结果:分析显示,大多数FGT指数指标持续增长,尤其是在城市女性中。结果表明,干预措施最好是针对特定群体和有针对性的。结论:研究结果强调,分布敏感指标提供了对BMI分布中普遍不平等的更细致的理解。它有助于捕捉印度日益增长的超重或肥胖负担的非线性健康和经济层面。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: FOMO clouds and vapor trails: the invisible toll of E-cigarettes on youth well-being. 更正:FOMO云和蒸汽痕迹:电子烟对青少年健康的无形影响。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag007
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引用次数: 0
Patient, community, and clinician beliefs about multi-cancer detection tests: implications for the evidence needed to recommend routine use. 患者、社区和临床医生对多种癌症检测试验的看法:对推荐常规使用所需证据的影响
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag001
E Marshall Brooks, Gabriela Villalobos, Carrie A Miller, Rebecca Alemu, Bryan A Bassig, Kendra Rowe, Jennifer F May, Rebecca Kaltman, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, John Sayles, Scott M Strayer, Bernard F Fuemmeler, Cynthia Allen, Alex H Krist

Background: Multi-cancer detection tests (MCDs) have the potential to reduce cancer-related deaths by identifying cancers early when they can be more effectively treated. While initial studies show promise in detecting multiple cancer types, there is a lack of large-scale, prospective trials evaluating their clinical utility and real-world impact.

Methods: We conducted 23 focus groups with 158 participants to identify and describe key stakeholders' perspectives on the benefits and risks of MCD tests. Participants included clinicians (n = 58), patients (n = 17), and community members recruited from partner community advisory boards (n = 83).

Results: Participants recognized the benefits of early cancer detection and the convenience of a single blood test in reducing barriers to cancer screening. However, they shared concerns about insufficient clinical validation for MCD tests and the potential physical and psychological harm that false positives, overdiagnosis, and overtreatment may cause. They also expressed concerns about the financial costs and time burden associated with follow-up care, as well as potential inequities in access and outcomes in underserved communities.

Conclusions: Patients and clinicians want better evidence before routine use of MCD testing for cancer screening. Future research should prioritize rigorous randomized controlled trials that evaluate cancer-mortality, quality of life, diagnostic workup, and potential harms.

背景:多种癌症检测测试(MCDs)有可能通过在癌症可以更有效治疗的早期发现癌症来减少癌症相关的死亡。虽然最初的研究显示出检测多种癌症类型的希望,但缺乏大规模的前瞻性试验来评估其临床效用和现实世界的影响。方法:我们进行了23个焦点小组,共有158名参与者,以确定和描述关键利益相关者对MCD测试的益处和风险的观点。参与者包括临床医生(n = 58)、患者(n = 17)和从合作伙伴社区咨询委员会招募的社区成员(n = 83)。结果:参与者认识到早期癌症检测的好处和单一血液检查在减少癌症筛查障碍方面的便利性。然而,他们对MCD测试的临床验证不足以及假阳性、过度诊断和过度治疗可能导致的潜在生理和心理伤害表示担忧。他们还对与后续护理相关的财务成本和时间负担以及服务不足社区在获取和结果方面的潜在不平等表示关切。结论:在常规使用MCD检测进行癌症筛查之前,患者和临床医生需要更好的证据。未来的研究应优先考虑严格的随机对照试验,以评估癌症死亡率、生活质量、诊断检查和潜在危害。
{"title":"Patient, community, and clinician beliefs about multi-cancer detection tests: implications for the evidence needed to recommend routine use.","authors":"E Marshall Brooks, Gabriela Villalobos, Carrie A Miller, Rebecca Alemu, Bryan A Bassig, Kendra Rowe, Jennifer F May, Rebecca Kaltman, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, John Sayles, Scott M Strayer, Bernard F Fuemmeler, Cynthia Allen, Alex H Krist","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multi-cancer detection tests (MCDs) have the potential to reduce cancer-related deaths by identifying cancers early when they can be more effectively treated. While initial studies show promise in detecting multiple cancer types, there is a lack of large-scale, prospective trials evaluating their clinical utility and real-world impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted 23 focus groups with 158 participants to identify and describe key stakeholders' perspectives on the benefits and risks of MCD tests. Participants included clinicians (n = 58), patients (n = 17), and community members recruited from partner community advisory boards (n = 83).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants recognized the benefits of early cancer detection and the convenience of a single blood test in reducing barriers to cancer screening. However, they shared concerns about insufficient clinical validation for MCD tests and the potential physical and psychological harm that false positives, overdiagnosis, and overtreatment may cause. They also expressed concerns about the financial costs and time burden associated with follow-up care, as well as potential inequities in access and outcomes in underserved communities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients and clinicians want better evidence before routine use of MCD testing for cancer screening. Future research should prioritize rigorous randomized controlled trials that evaluate cancer-mortality, quality of life, diagnostic workup, and potential harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Child maltreatment and its association with incident irritable bowel syndrome: genetic risk and mediation pathways in the UK biobank. 儿童虐待及其与事件肠易激综合征的关联:遗传风险和调解途径在英国生物银行。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag004
Wenya Bai, Yudan Zheng, Shaoli Lin, Yuru Pan, Yiqiang Zhan, Miao Liu

Background: The associations and mediation pathways between child maltreatment and incident irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remain unclear.

Methods: We carried out the Cox proportional hazard models to explore the associations of child maltreatment and its five subtypes with hazard ratios (HRs) of IBS, and mediation analyses were conducted to assess the roles of obesity, lifestyles, and mental disorders in such associations among participants with different genetic susceptibilities.

Results: Participants who reported two or more subtypes of child maltreatment exhibited the greatest risk of IBS with HR of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.56, 1.70), compared to those who did not suffer child maltreatment. All five subtypes of child maltreatment were associated with elevated incident IBS, particularly emotional abuse with HR of 1.56 (95% CI: 1.49, 1.63). Also, such associations were more evident in those with high genetic risk score (GRS) than the low GRS. Further, obesity, lifestyles (such as smoking, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and physical activity), and mental disorders mediated the associations of child maltreatment with the incident IBS. Anxiety and depression showed larger mediated proportions, ranging from 10.79% to 22.21% than the mediation of lifestyles.

Conclusion: Child maltreatment and its five subtypes were associated with increased incident IBS, particularly in those with higher genetic predisposition. Obesity, lifestyles and mental disorders played mediated role in such association.

背景:儿童虐待与肠易激综合征(IBS)之间的关联和中介途径尚不清楚。方法:采用Cox比例风险模型,探讨儿童虐待及其5种亚型与IBS风险比(hr)的关系,并通过中介分析,评估肥胖、生活方式和精神障碍在不同遗传易感性参与者的风险比中的作用。结果:报告两种或两种以上儿童虐待亚型的参与者与没有遭受儿童虐待的参与者相比,IBS的风险最高,HR为1.63 (95% CI: 1.56, 1.70)。所有五种儿童虐待亚型均与IBS发生率升高相关,尤其是情绪虐待,风险比为1.56 (95% CI: 1.49, 1.63)。此外,这种关联在遗传风险评分(GRS)高的人群中比GRS低的人群更为明显。此外,肥胖、生活方式(如吸烟、久坐行为、睡眠时间和身体活动)和精神障碍介导了儿童虐待与肠易激综合征的关联。焦虑和抑郁的中介作用比生活方式的中介作用大,在10.79% ~ 22.21%之间。结论:儿童虐待及其五种亚型与IBS发生率增加有关,特别是在遗传易感性较高的儿童中。肥胖、生活方式和精神障碍在其中起中介作用。
{"title":"Child maltreatment and its association with incident irritable bowel syndrome: genetic risk and mediation pathways in the UK biobank.","authors":"Wenya Bai, Yudan Zheng, Shaoli Lin, Yuru Pan, Yiqiang Zhan, Miao Liu","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The associations and mediation pathways between child maltreatment and incident irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out the Cox proportional hazard models to explore the associations of child maltreatment and its five subtypes with hazard ratios (HRs) of IBS, and mediation analyses were conducted to assess the roles of obesity, lifestyles, and mental disorders in such associations among participants with different genetic susceptibilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who reported two or more subtypes of child maltreatment exhibited the greatest risk of IBS with HR of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.56, 1.70), compared to those who did not suffer child maltreatment. All five subtypes of child maltreatment were associated with elevated incident IBS, particularly emotional abuse with HR of 1.56 (95% CI: 1.49, 1.63). Also, such associations were more evident in those with high genetic risk score (GRS) than the low GRS. Further, obesity, lifestyles (such as smoking, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and physical activity), and mental disorders mediated the associations of child maltreatment with the incident IBS. Anxiety and depression showed larger mediated proportions, ranging from 10.79% to 22.21% than the mediation of lifestyles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Child maltreatment and its five subtypes were associated with increased incident IBS, particularly in those with higher genetic predisposition. Obesity, lifestyles and mental disorders played mediated role in such association.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maximizing impact: the power of early HPV vaccination for long-term protection-lessons from a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. 最大化影响:早期HPV疫苗接种对长期保护的作用——来自系统回顾和meta回归分析的经验教训。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag002
Adoración Navarro-Torné, Emmanuel Aris, Andrea Callegaro, Bernd Benninghoff, Huifeng Yun, Volker Vetter

Background: This systematic review and meta-regression analysis assessed the impact of human papillomavirus 16/18 (HPV16/18)-AS04 vaccine (Cervarix®) on advanced cervical lesions, including grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or worse (CIN3, CIN3+), or cervical cancer, highlighting age-at-vaccination-dependent vaccine efficacy and effectiveness.

Methods: Studies reporting HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine efficacy or effectiveness were included with an intervention group receiving HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine and comparator group receiving placebo, another vaccine or being unvaccinated. Of 53 articles identified, nine were selected. Meta-analysis and meta-regression models with random effects and data-driven model selection determined vaccine effects (VEs) and impactful covariates.

Results: HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine effectively prevented advanced cervical premalignant lesions and cancer in adolescent girls and women vaccinated at 12-25 years. Combined randomized controlled trials and observational studies VEs on CIN3+ ranged between 76.78% (95% CI 28.15-92.49) for HPV16/18 and 56.19% (95% CI 24.76-74.49) irrespective of HPV type. Vaccine effectiveness was greatest in those vaccinated at the youngest ages.

Conclusions: HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine provides long-term protection against cervical premalignant lesions and cervical cancer in both controlled and real-world settings, particularly when administered at younger ages. The evidence urges policymakers and the community to ensure HPV vaccination begins at the youngest recommended ages.

背景:本系统综述和荟萃回归分析评估了人乳头瘤病毒16/18 (HPV16/18)-AS04疫苗(Cervarix®)对晚期宫颈病变(包括3级宫颈上皮内瘤变或更严重(CIN3、CIN3+)或宫颈癌)的影响,强调了疫苗接种年龄依赖性疫苗的疗效和有效性。方法:将报告HPV16/18-AS04疫苗疗效或有效性的研究纳入干预组,对照组接种HPV16/18-AS04疫苗,对照组接种安慰剂、其他疫苗或未接种疫苗。在鉴定的53篇文章中,选择了9篇。具有随机效应和数据驱动模型选择的元分析和元回归模型确定了疫苗效应(VEs)和有影响的协变量。结果:HPV16/18-AS04疫苗可有效预防12-25岁少女和妇女宫颈癌晚期癌前病变和癌症。无论HPV类型如何,联合随机对照试验和观察性研究对HPV16/18的CIN3+的影响范围为76.78% (95% CI 28.15-92.49)和56.19% (95% CI 24.76-74.49)。在最年轻的年龄接种疫苗的人,疫苗的有效性最高。结论:HPV16/18-AS04疫苗在对照和现实环境中对宫颈癌前病变和宫颈癌提供长期保护,特别是在年轻时接种。证据敦促政策制定者和社区确保在最年轻的推荐年龄开始接种HPV疫苗。
{"title":"Maximizing impact: the power of early HPV vaccination for long-term protection-lessons from a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.","authors":"Adoración Navarro-Torné, Emmanuel Aris, Andrea Callegaro, Bernd Benninghoff, Huifeng Yun, Volker Vetter","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This systematic review and meta-regression analysis assessed the impact of human papillomavirus 16/18 (HPV16/18)-AS04 vaccine (Cervarix®) on advanced cervical lesions, including grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or worse (CIN3, CIN3+), or cervical cancer, highlighting age-at-vaccination-dependent vaccine efficacy and effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies reporting HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine efficacy or effectiveness were included with an intervention group receiving HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine and comparator group receiving placebo, another vaccine or being unvaccinated. Of 53 articles identified, nine were selected. Meta-analysis and meta-regression models with random effects and data-driven model selection determined vaccine effects (VEs) and impactful covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine effectively prevented advanced cervical premalignant lesions and cancer in adolescent girls and women vaccinated at 12-25 years. Combined randomized controlled trials and observational studies VEs on CIN3+ ranged between 76.78% (95% CI 28.15-92.49) for HPV16/18 and 56.19% (95% CI 24.76-74.49) irrespective of HPV type. Vaccine effectiveness was greatest in those vaccinated at the youngest ages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HPV16/18-AS04 vaccine provides long-term protection against cervical premalignant lesions and cervical cancer in both controlled and real-world settings, particularly when administered at younger ages. The evidence urges policymakers and the community to ensure HPV vaccination begins at the youngest recommended ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Racism and racial health inequity: four theories for public health. 种族主义与种族健康不平等:公共健康的四种理论。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdag005
Caroline Parker, Adeola Agbebiyi, Aine Fuller, Maddy Gupta-Wright, Sandra Husbands, John Licorish, Safia Marcano, Lee Pinkerton, Anne Pordes Bowers, Melissa Parker
{"title":"Racism and racial health inequity: four theories for public health.","authors":"Caroline Parker, Adeola Agbebiyi, Aine Fuller, Maddy Gupta-Wright, Sandra Husbands, John Licorish, Safia Marcano, Lee Pinkerton, Anne Pordes Bowers, Melissa Parker","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
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