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Money, Mentorship, and Misinformation: Barriers and Facilitators to Veterinarians' Pursuit of Postdoctoral Training in Laboratory Animal Medicine. 金钱、导师和错误信息:兽医接受实验动物医学博士后培训的障碍和促进因素。
Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-051
Blythe H Philips, Jovannah Gerisma, Anila R Tynan, Tiffany L Whitcomb

Since 2015, it has become progressively more difficult for programs to recruit residents in laboratory animal medicine (LAM). Veterinarians are a necessary part of animal research, and having a shortage in veterinarians trained to work in this field has the potential to negatively impact research progress as well as animal welfare. With a goal to increase recruitment, we performed this study to better understand the barriers and facilitators that veterinarians experience when navigating the decision to pursue postdoctoral training in LAM. To do this, we recruited first-year LAM residents to participate in semistructured interviews, and performed thematic analysis on their responses. Key barriers included participants' awareness of perceived drawbacks of the field, inaccessibility of information about opportunities within the field, and misinformation about animal research both within the veterinary field and society at large. Key facilitators included participants' awareness of perceived benefits of the field, relationships with professionals involved in laboratory animal science, and formative predoctoral clinical experiences. Overall, we found evidence that information flow is particularly important in recruitment, suggesting that future recruitment strategies may want to target improved communication about LAM and animal research in general.

自 2015 年以来,实验动物医学(LAM)专业招聘住院医师的难度逐渐加大。兽医是动物研究的必要组成部分,而受过该领域培训的兽医短缺有可能对研究进展和动物福利产生负面影响。为了增加招聘,我们开展了这项研究,以更好地了解兽医在决定是否继续接受 LAM 博士后培训时遇到的障碍和促进因素。为此,我们招募了一年级林学住院医师参加半结构式访谈,并对他们的回答进行了主题分析。主要障碍包括:参与者意识到该领域存在的弊端、无法获得有关该领域机会的信息,以及兽医领域和整个社会对动物研究的误导。关键的促进因素包括参与者对该领域利益的认识、与实验动物科学专业人士的关系以及博士前期的临床经验。总之,我们发现有证据表明,信息流在招募过程中尤为重要,这表明未来的招募策略可能需要以改善有关 LAM 和一般动物研究的沟通为目标。
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引用次数: 0
From the Archives, in Recognition of the 75th Anniversary of AALAS: Presentations from the 1950 Inaugural Meeting of the Animal Care Panel. 档案中的档案,为纪念 AALAS 成立 75 周年:1950 年动物护理小组成立大会上的发言。
Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-066
Glen Otto
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引用次数: 0
Letter to the Editor: The Financial Realities of the Zebrafish as a Model Organism. 致编辑的信:斑马鱼作为模式生物的财务现实。
Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-064
Neil S Lipman
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on the Activity Levels of Yucatan Mini-Swine (Sus scrofa domesticus). COVID-19 大流行对尤卡坦小母猪(Sus scrofa domesticus)活动水平的影响。
Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-000017
Natasha E Barton, Jacob E Ref, Kyle E Cook, Ann L Baldwin, Sherry L Daugherty, Talal Moukabary, Adrian Grijalva, Saki Kazui, Pouria Mostafizi, Grace F Davis-Gorman, Jordan J Lancaster, Jen W Koevary, Steven Goldman

During the COVID-19 pandemic, unexpected activity patterns emerged among Yucatan mini-swine models for heart failure and atrial fibrillation. As part of our laboratory research, we tracked activity data by FitBark™ collars that the Yucatan mini-swine wore. Previously, staff engaged with the swine daily, such as applying lotion and conducting 6-min treadmill runs. However, pandemic restrictions reduced interaction to 1 or 2 times a week, often for less than 10 min each session. Contrary to expectations, there was a significant increase in the swine's activity levels during these minimal interaction periods. After cleaning, moisturizing, weighing, and FitBark data collection, staff engaged with the swine through feeding and play. Three time frames were analyzed: prepandemic, pandemic, and reentry. Prepandemic and reentry periods involved daily 15-min interactions with 2 staff members per swine to maintain cleanliness and health. During the pandemic, interaction was reduced to 1 or 2 times weekly. The hours between 1000 and 1400 were designated as 'passive activity', representing the swines' isolated behavior, unaffected by staff interaction. The chronic heart failure swine (n = 3) had an average passive activity area under the curve prepandemic value of 47.23 ± 2.52 compared with pandemic 57.09 ± 2.90, pandemic 57.09 ± 2.90 compared with reentry 50.44 ± 1.61, and prepandemic compared with reentry. The atrial fibrillation swine (n = 3) had an average passive activity area under the curve minimal interaction (mimicking pandemic) value of 59.27 ± 6.67 compared with interaction (mimicking prepandemic or reentry) 37.63 ± 1.74. The heightened activity levels during minimal interaction suggest physiologic and psychologic changes in the animals due to reduced socialization. This highlights the importance of enrichment and interaction in research animals and underscores the broader impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on research outcomes. These findings could also shed light on the effects of the pandemic on human behavior.

在 COVID-19 大流行期间,患有心力衰竭和心房颤动的尤卡坦小型犬出现了意想不到的活动模式。作为实验室研究的一部分,我们通过尤卡坦迷你猪佩戴的 FitBark™ 项圈跟踪活动数据。以前,工作人员每天都会与猪接触,例如涂抹润肤露和进行 6 分钟的跑步机跑步。然而,由于大流行病的限制,与猪的互动减少到每周 1 到 2 次,每次互动时间往往不到 10 分钟。与预期相反,在这些最少的互动期间,猪的活动量显著增加。在清洁、保湿、称重和收集 FitBark 数据之后,工作人员通过喂食和玩耍与猪互动。对三个时间段进行了分析:大流行前、大流行期和回归期。在大流行前和恢复期,每天每头猪有两名工作人员进行 15 分钟的互动,以保持清洁和健康。大流行期间,互动减少到每周 1 或 2 次。10:00 到 14:00 之间的时间被指定为 "被动活动 "时间,代表猪的孤立行为,不受工作人员互动的影响。慢性心力衰竭猪(n = 3)在大流行前的平均被动活动曲线下面积值为 47.23 ± 2.52,而大流行时为 57.09 ± 2.90;大流行时为 57.09 ± 2.90,而再流行时为 50.44 ± 1.61;大流行前为 57.09 ± 2.90,而再流行时为 50.44 ± 1.61。心房颤动猪(n = 3)的平均被动活动曲线下面积最小交互作用(模拟大流行)值为 59.27 ± 6.67,而交互作用(模拟预流行或再发)为 37.63 ± 1.74。最小互动期间活动水平的提高表明,由于社会化程度降低,动物的生理和心理发生了变化。这凸显了丰富研究动物生活和互动的重要性,并强调了 COVID-19 大流行对研究成果的广泛影响。这些发现还可以揭示大流行病对人类行为的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Corynebacterium bovis Growth in Tissue Culture Conditions and Media. 牛冠状杆菌在组织培养条件和培养基中的生长。
Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-050
Alyssa M Kleymann, Nicholas A Zawadzki, Derek L Fong, Michael K Fink, Lauren M Habenicht, Jori K Leszczynski, Steven M Anderson, Michael J Schurr, Christopher A Manuel

A common concern in preclinical cancer research is the introduction of Corynebacterium bovis into immunodeficient mouse colonies through cancer cell lines. C. bovis is a known contaminant of patient-derived xenograft tumors passaged horizontally between immunodeficient mice. However, it is unclear if C. bovis can grow in mammalian tissue culture conditions or tissue culture media. We hypothesized that C. bovis would not grow under tissue culture conditions or media, diminishing the risk of transmission from tumor cell lines cultured in vitro. Three C. bovis isolates, CUAMC1, HAC, and ATCC-7715, were used to test our hypothesis in 3 of the most common media used to grow human cancer cell lines including RPMI 1640 + 10% FBS (RPMI), DMEM/high glucose + 10% FBS (DMEM), and DMEM/F-12 + 10% FBS (DMEM/F12). Our results confirmed propagation of each C. bovis isolate in DMEM/F12 media under tissue culture conditions after 72 h. However, these results also demonstrate diminished viability of each C. bovis isolate in RPMI and DMEM after 72 h. To assess whether antibiotics could halt the growth of C. bovis under tissue culture conditions in DMEM/F12, penicillin-streptomycin (pen/strep) was added to the experimental media. This treatment was effective in eliminating all viable C. bovis in the culture system after 72 h. Our data suggest that C. bovis growth under tissue culture conditions is possible and growth in tissue culture media is nuanced. These results highlight the importance of pathogen surveillance for tumor cell lines propagated in vitro and demonstrate the need for further investigation into C. bovis growth requirements.

临床前癌症研究中的一个常见问题是通过癌细胞株将牛棒状杆菌引入免疫缺陷小鼠群。已知牛海绵状杆菌是在免疫缺陷小鼠间水平传递的患者来源异种移植肿瘤的污染源。然而,目前还不清楚牛肝菌是否能在哺乳动物组织培养条件或组织培养基中生长。我们假设牛海绵状芽孢杆菌不会在组织培养条件或培养基中生长,从而降低了从体外培养的肿瘤细胞系中传播的风险。我们用 CUAMC1、HAC 和 ATCC-7715 这三种牛海绵状芽孢杆菌分离物在 3 种最常用的培养人类肿瘤细胞系的培养基(包括 RPMI 1640 + 10% FBS (RPMI)、DMEM/高葡萄糖 + 10% FBS (DMEM) 和 DMEM/F-12 + 10% FBS (DMEM/F12))中测试了我们的假设。为了评估抗生素是否能阻止牛杆菌在 DMEM/F12 组织培养条件下的生长,我们在实验培养基中添加了青霉素-链霉素(pen/strep)。我们的数据表明,牛海绵状芽孢杆菌在组织培养条件下是可以生长的,而且在组织培养基中的生长是有细微差别的。这些结果突显了对体外繁殖的肿瘤细胞系进行病原体监控的重要性,并表明有必要进一步研究牛肝菌的生长要求。
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引用次数: 0
A New Laboratory Research Model: The Damaraland Mole-rat and Its Managed Care. 一种新的实验室研究模式:达马拉兰鼹鼠及其管理护理
Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-052
Rochelle Buffenstein, Megan Smith, Vince G Amoroso, Tanvi T Patel, Marisa Ross, Sannam Bassanpal, Thomas J Park, Martha A Delaney, Cynthia R Adams, Jose Arroyo, Jeffrey Fortman

The Damaraland mole-rat (Fukomys damarensis) is a subterranean, hypoxia-tolerant, long-lived rodent endemic to southern and central Africa that is increasingly being used in laboratory research. Its husbandry needs and characteristics differ from traditional rodent research models. Here, we provide a brief overview of this species and discuss its captive housing and husbandry requirements for managed care and good health.

达玛兰鼹鼠(Fukomys damarensis)是非洲南部和中部特有的一种地下耐缺氧长寿啮齿动物,越来越多地被用于实验室研究。它的饲养需求和特点与传统的啮齿动物研究模型不同。在此,我们将简要介绍该物种,并讨论其圈养房舍和饲养要求,以实现管理性照料和良好的健康状况。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics of Extended-release Buprenorphine and Clinical Efficacy for Postoperative Pain Management in the Domestic Ferret (Mustela putorius furo). 家养雪貂(Mustela putorius furo)术后疼痛管理中缓释丁丙诺啡的药代动力学和临床疗效。
Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-000011
Jessica C M Plunkard, Isabel A Jimenez, Patrick M Tarwater, Morgan C Craney, Jason S Villano

Buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bup-HCl) is a common injectable opioid analgesic. In ferrets, Bup-HCl must be administered every 8 to 12 h to maintain clinical efficacy. Extended-release analgesics offer multiple advantages, including reduced handling and injection frequency, improved compliance, and increased protection from end-of-dose failure. Although efficacy of extended-release buprenorphine formulations has been demonstrated in other species, their use in the domestic ferret has not been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of a compounded polymeric formulation of buprenorphine (Bup-ER) and a pharmaceutical-grade, FDA-indexed liposomal suspension (Bup-XR). Two doses each of Bup-ER (0.12 and 0.2 mg/kg) and Bup-XR (0.2 and 0.6 mg/kg SC) were administered to young adult female ferrets and plasma concentrations were measured between 0 and 96 h (n = 4 animals per timepoint). All doses of both drugs achieved therapeutic plasma levels by 30 min. Furthermore, high-dose Bup-XR maintained therapeutic levels for 72 h, followed by high-dose Bup-ER (less than 48 h), low-dose Bup-XR (24 h), and low-dose Bup-ER (less than 24 h). In this study, we also developed a pain scoring system and utilized this to compare analgesic efficacy between single high-dose Bup-XR (0.6 mg/kg SC) and a standard postoperative course of Bup-HCl (0.02 mg/kg SC every 10 to 12 h for 8 doses) after ovariohysterectomy. Ferrets receiving Bup-XR had significantly lower respiratory rate and posture scores in the first 24 h postoperatively than did those that received Bup-HCl and were less likely to react to palpation of the surgical incision. Of note, ferrets that received high-dose Bup-ER had a significantly higher incidence of injection site reactions than ferrets that received Bup-HCl (P = 0.0137). This study demonstrates that a single dose of Bup-XR (0.6 mg/kg SC) is a safe and effective analgesic in female ferrets, with a duration of action up to 72 h and minimal side effects, offering a refinement to analgesia in this species.

盐酸丁丙诺啡(Bup-HCl)是一种常见的注射用阿片类镇痛药。对雪貂而言,必须每 8 到 12 小时注射一次 Bup-HCl 才能维持临床疗效。缓释镇痛剂具有多种优势,包括减少操作和注射次数、提高依从性和防止剂量末失效。虽然已在其他物种中证实了丁丙诺啡缓释制剂的疗效,但尚未对其在家养雪貂中的应用进行研究。在这项研究中,我们评估了丁丙诺啡复方聚合制剂(Bup-ER)和药用级、FDA 标示的脂质体混悬液(Bup-XR)的药代动力学。年轻的成年雌性雪貂分别服用两种剂量的 Bup-ER(0.12 和 0.2 mg/kg)和 Bup-XR(0.2 和 0.6 mg/kg,皮下注射),并在 0 至 96 小时之间测定血浆浓度(每个时间点 4 只动物)。两种药物的所有剂量都能在 30 分钟内达到治疗血浆浓度。此外,大剂量 Bup-XR 可在 72 小时内维持治疗水平,其次是大剂量 Bup-ER(少于 48 小时)、小剂量 Bup-XR(24 小时)和小剂量 Bup-ER(少于 24 小时)。在这项研究中,我们还开发了一套疼痛评分系统,并利用它来比较卵巢切除术后单次高剂量 Bup-XR(0.6 毫克/千克 SC)和术后标准疗程 Bup-HCl(0.02 毫克/千克 SC,每 10 至 12 小时一次,共 8 次)的镇痛效果。接受 Bup-XR 治疗的雪貂在术后 24 小时内的呼吸频率和姿势评分明显低于接受 Bup-HCl 治疗的雪貂,而且雪貂对手术切口的触诊反应较小。值得注意的是,接受高剂量 Bup-ER 的雪貂注射部位反应发生率明显高于接受 Bup-HCl 的雪貂(P = 0.0137)。这项研究表明,单剂量 Bup-XR(0.6 毫克/千克 SC)对雌性雪貂是一种安全有效的镇痛药,作用时间长达 72 小时,副作用极小,为该物种的镇痛提供了一种改进方法。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Nesting Material and Housing Parameters on Feed Wastage Behavior in Female Swiss Webster Mice. 筑巢材料和饲养参数对雌性瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠饲料浪费行为的影响
Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-000010
Zosia E Zawacki, James A Sharpe, Travis C Porco, Krista E Lindstrom

Feed wastage in laboratory mice, also known as chewing or grinding behavior, is problematic for program management and animal welfare. The destruction of pelleted feed without consumption produces a powder accumulation on the cage floor called orts. Ort accumulation disrupts the cage microenvironment and can clog Lixits resulting in flooding. Moreover, added labor adds cost, and cage disruption increases animal stress. Published studies examining the behavior and ways to mitigate it have had inconsistent results, and the cause or causes have not yet been fully identified. The purpose of this study was to identify methods to reduce the development of chewing behavior in laboratory mice. Female Swiss Webster (Tac:SW) mice (n = 144) were randomly assigned to one of 8 groups (12 cages per group) with 2 housing densities (single and pair) and 4 nesting material paradigms. Mice were housed on clean bedding for 8 wk and then soiled bedding for the next 8 wk. Chewing behavior was evaluated by feed weight, cage weight, and feed scores. The addition of a Diamond Twist significantly increased ort production, while nest transfer decreased it but not significantly. Pair housing increased overall orts but not when adjusted for animal number. These results identified potential contributing factors to chewing behavior. However, further research is needed to elucidate the exact causes and solutions.

实验室小鼠的饲料浪费(也称为咀嚼或磨碎行为)是项目管理和动物福利方面的难题。颗粒饲料未经食用就被破坏,会在笼子地板上产生粉末堆积,称为 "orts"。奥特积聚会破坏笼子的微环境,并可能堵塞 Lixits,导致水浸。此外,增加劳动力会增加成本,而笼子的混乱会增加动物的压力。已发表的对这种行为和缓解方法的研究结果并不一致,原因也尚未完全查明。本研究的目的是找出减少实验鼠咀嚼行为的方法。雌性瑞士韦伯斯特(Tac:SW)小鼠(n = 144)被随机分配到 8 组(每组 12 个笼子)中的一组,每组有 2 种饲养密度(单人和双人)和 4 种筑巢材料范例。小鼠先在干净的垫料上饲养 8 周,然后在脏垫料上饲养 8 周。咀嚼行为通过饲料重量、笼子重量和饲料评分进行评估。添加 "钻石捻线器 "可显著提高啮齿动物的啮齿产量,而巢穴转移则会降低啮齿动物的啮齿产量,但降低幅度不大。成对饲养会增加总体咀嚼量,但根据动物数量调整后则不会。这些结果确定了导致咀嚼行为的潜在因素。不过,还需要进一步的研究来阐明确切的原因和解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Examining Intercage Transmission of Chlamydia muridarum: Impact of Barrier Husbandry and Cage Sanitization. 研究鼠衣原体的笼间传播:屏障饲养和笼子消毒的影响。
Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-043
Michael B Palillo, Noah Mishkin, Mert Aydin, Anthony Mourino, Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona, Neil S Lipman

Chlamydia muridarum (Cm) has reemerged as a prevalent bacterial contaminant of academic research mouse colonies. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of husbandry and cage sanitization methods in preventing intercage transmission of Cm. To assess intercage transmission during cage change, a cage housing 2 Cm-free Swiss Webster (SW; Tac:SW) sentinel mice was placed randomly on each of 12 individually ventilated cage racks, housing cages with Cm-shedding mice, located in one of 2 animal holding rooms. Husbandry staff blinded to the study cages changed all cages in the animal holding rooms weekly using a microisolation cage technique. PCR testing performed at 180 d postplacement confirmed all mice remained negative for Cm. To assess the effectiveness of cage sanitization to eliminate Cm, we investigated transmission of Cm to a naive Cm-free SW and NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mouse cohoused for 7 d (repeated weekly for 4 wk) in cages assigned to one of 3 groups (n = 10 pairs of mice/group). Cages that previously housed 2 Cm-shedding BALB/c mice were either washed in a tunnel washer (82.2 °C [180 °F] final rinse for an average of 16 s per run; n = 10) with and without postwashing autoclaving (121 °C for 20 min; n = 10), or were untreated (bedding change only; n = 10). Pre- and postsanitization swabs of each cage were assayed for Cm by PCR. All pretreatment swabs tested positive, while posttreatment swabs from all cages (excluding bedding change) tested negative. All SW and NSG mice, irrespective of group, remained negative for Cm as determined by PCR. These findings suggest that infectious Cm does not persist in untreated cages or after mechanical washing with and without autoclaving. Collectively, these findings suggest that neither our husbandry protocols nor inadequate cage sanitization methods likely contributed to the observed prevalence of Cm in contemporary research mouse colonies.

鼠衣原体(Cm)已重新成为学术研究小鼠群体中的一种普遍细菌污染物。我们进行了一项研究,以评估饲养和笼子消毒方法在防止 Cm 笼间传播方面的有效性。为了评估换笼期间的笼间传播,将饲养 2 只无 Cm 的瑞士韦伯斯特(SW;Tac:SW)哨兵小鼠的笼子随机放置在 12 个独立通风的笼架中的每一个上,这些笼架位于 2 个动物饲养室中的一个,饲养有 Cm 脱落小鼠的笼子。对研究笼子视而不见的饲养人员每周使用微隔离笼技术更换动物饲养室中的所有笼子。放置 180 天后进行的 PCR 检测证实,所有小鼠的 Cm 检测结果均为阴性。为了评估笼子消毒消除 Cm 的效果,我们调查了 Cm 向天真无 Cm 的 SW 和 NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) 小鼠的传播情况,这两只小鼠在分配给 3 组(n = 10 对小鼠/组)的笼子中同居 7 d(每周重复 4 周)。之前饲养过2 Cm脱落BALB/c小鼠的笼子要么在隧道式清洗机中清洗(82.2 °C[180°F],最后冲洗,平均每次16秒;n = 10),清洗后高压灭菌(121 °C,20分钟;n = 10),要么不做处理(仅更换垫料;n = 10)。通过 PCR 对每个笼子消毒前和消毒后的拭子进行 Cm 检测。所有处理前的拭子检测结果均为阳性,而来自所有笼子(不包括更换垫料)的处理后拭子检测结果均为阴性。经 PCR 检测,所有 SW 和 NSG 小鼠(无论哪个组)的 Cm 检测结果均为阴性。这些结果表明,传染性 Cm 不会在未经处理的笼子中或在经过或未经高压灭菌的机械清洗后继续存在。总之,这些结果表明,无论是我们的饲养规程还是不适当的笼子消毒方法,都不可能导致在当代研究小鼠群中观察到的 Cm 流行。
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引用次数: 0
Voluntary Wheel Running an Effective Intervention in the Management of Excessive Food Usage in CD-1 Mice (Mus musculus). 自愿跑轮是管理 CD-1 小鼠(麝香猫)食物摄入过多的有效干预措施。
Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-24-040
Alexis M E Skurnack, Shawn P Lane, Lori Garman, Amy L Burke, Wendy R Williams, Madeline L Budda

Some mice demonstrate excessive food-grinding behaviors in which food pellets are broken down into crumbs (orts). This is considered abnormal behavior and is undesirable in a research environment, as it is thought to potentially be a stereotypic behavior suggestive of a negative welfare state in these animals. Further, food grinding often necessitates more frequent food and bedding changes. Research outcomes may also be affected if investigators do not exclude food losses due to grinding when measuring food consumption. We hypothesized some mice may excessively grind food in part to expend energy and access to a running wheel would contribute to a reduction in food grinding. Total daily food usage (the combined weight of food consumption and ort production) was measured for 40 d in CD-1 mice that exhibited food grinding. Median daily food usage was compared 10 d before, 20 d during, and 10 d after access to a running wheel. Additional cages of similar food-grinding mice that did not have access to a running wheel were monitored during the same period for comparison. A significant reduction in food usage was observed in 8 out of the 20 d in which mice had access to a running wheel compared with controls (P < 0.05). This reduction was significantly less than the median daily food usage before and after the running wheels were available (P < 0.01). Food usage significantly increased sharply in the 3 d following removal of the running wheel compared with controls during the same period (P < 0.05). A positive correlation between relative humidity and median daily food usage was observed (P < 0.05). Despite fluctuations in relative humidity, providing a running wheel effectively reduced excessive food-grinding behavior.

有些小鼠会表现出过度的食物研磨行为,即把食物颗粒分解成碎屑(orts)。这种行为被认为是不正常的,在研究环境中是不可取的,因为它被认为可能是一种刻板行为,暗示着这些动物的负面福利状态。此外,磨碎食物通常需要更频繁地更换食物和垫料。如果研究人员在测量食物消耗量时不排除磨食造成的食物损失,研究结果也可能受到影响。我们假设一些小鼠可能会过度磨碎食物以消耗能量,而使用转轮将有助于减少磨碎食物的情况。我们对表现出磨碎食物的 CD-1 小鼠进行了为期 40 天的每日食物总用量(食物消耗量和口粮产量的总和)测量。比较了使用转轮前 10 天、使用转轮期间 20 天和使用转轮后 10 天的日食物用量中位数。在同一时期,还对其他笼子中没有使用转轮的类似磨食小鼠进行了监测,以进行比较。与对照组相比,在小鼠接触转轮的 20 天中,有 8 天的食物用量明显减少(P < 0.05)。这一减少量明显少于有转轮之前和之后每天食物用量的中位数(P < 0.01)。与对照组相比,移除转轮后 3 天内的食物用量大幅增加(P < 0.05)。相对湿度与每日食物用量中位数之间呈正相关(P < 0.05)。尽管相对湿度存在波动,但提供转轮能有效减少过度磨碎食物的行为。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS
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