Metabolism open最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of hydromethanol extract and solvent fraction of the leaves of Ajuga integrifolia (Lamiaceae) in diabetic mice models","authors":"Yalo Daba ,&nbsp;Monas Kitessa ,&nbsp;Kindessa Ahmed ,&nbsp;Demis Million ,&nbsp;Ayalew Temesgen ,&nbsp;Meseret Amde ,&nbsp;Tsegu Kiros ,&nbsp;Dine Walo ,&nbsp;Anteneh Belayneh ,&nbsp;Jemal Abdela","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus is a spectrum of distinct metabolic disorders marked by sustained elevation of blood glucose levels that arises from deficiencies in either insulin action, insulin secretion, or a combination of both. <em>Ajuga integrifolia</em> is traditionally used to control diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the antidiabetic effects of hydromethanol and solvent fraction extracts from the leaves of <em>Ajuga integrifolia</em> using in vitro and in vivo methods.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The plant leaves were extracted using the maceration technique. The plant's acute oral toxicity test was evaluated according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. In vitro α-amylase inhibition activity of the hydromethanol and solvent fraction extracts of the leaves of <em>Ajuga integrifolia</em> was evaluated by using the 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid method.</div><div>The study examined the effects of hydromethanol and solvent fraction extracts at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg on lowering blood glucose levels in a diabetic mouse model.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>An acute toxicity study of the hydromethanol extract of the leaves of the <em>Ajuga integrifolia</em> did not show any sign of toxicity or mortality. The greatest alpha amylase inhibition was revealed by hydromethanol extracts (57.63 ± 0.38 %) (800 μg/mL), while the n-hexane fraction (23.18 ± 0.78 %) (800 μg/mL) showed the lowest effect. The hydromethanol extract 500 mg/kg (p &lt; 0.001) and 1000 mg/kg (p &lt; 0.001) at 2 and 4 h significantly reduced the blood glucose level in normoglycemic mice. At 2 h, both the 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg doses of hydromethanol extract significantly lowered BGL when compared to the 30-min BGL and the negative control group (P &lt; 0.001). The hydromethanol extract and aqueous fraction showed significant (P &lt; 0.001) antidiabetic activity at a dosage of 1000 mg/kg, resulting in a 39.2 % and 37.5 % reduction in blood glucose levels in the diabetic mice model, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acute treatment with hydromethanol extract is safe and well-tolerated when administered orally. The study supported the traditional use of <em>Ajuga integrifolia</em> leaves for patients with diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breakpoint-resolved balanced t(2;12)(q35;q24.31) disrupting HNF1A in multigenerational MODY-3: Diagnostic utility of long-read genome sequencing and therapeutic impact","authors":"Pamela Rivero-García ,&nbsp;Osvaldo M. Mutchinick ,&nbsp;Eira Huerta-Ávila ,&nbsp;Ilse A. Colorado ,&nbsp;Cristy Alfonso-López ,&nbsp;Renata Rivera-Juárez ,&nbsp;Virginia Santiago-Cano ,&nbsp;Juan José Morales-Suárez ,&nbsp;Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda ,&nbsp;Yevgeniya Svyryd","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balanced translocations that interrupt <em>HNF1A</em> are seldom documented in MODY-3. We studied a three-generation family with early-onset, non-autoimmune diabetes consistent with MODY-3. Conventional karyotyping revealed a balanced reciprocal translocation, t(2; 12)(q35; q24.31). We then opted for long-read genome sequencing using ONT® PromethION™ (median coverage 22X; read N50 11.4 kb), which mapped breakpoints at chr12:120,984,209 (<em>HNF1A</em> intron 1) and chr2:218,759,723 (intergenic region). Segregation analysis revealed that the rearrangement cosegregates with diabetes across three generations (5 affected individuals; 1 carrier). Although expression assays were not performed, disruption of <em>HNF1A</em> within intron 1 is most consistent with loss-of-function and haploinsufficiency in this context. After molecular diagnosis, sulfonylureas were added to the treatment regimen of four affected relatives, resulting in favorable clinical outcomes. To our knowledge, multigenerational cosegregation of a balanced translocation directly disrupting <em>HNF1A</em> has not been previously reported. This case introduces a breakpoint-level mechanism for MODY-3 and demonstrates why long-read sequencing is crucial when a karyotype indicates a balanced rearrangement near a monogenic diabetes locus: it resolves the structure and shortens the path to a treatment decision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of medicinal honey against doxorubicin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats: A novel grading index (PAD score) based on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity","authors":"Mahdi Honarbakhsh ,&nbsp;Nafiseh Erfanian ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Saberi ,&nbsp;Pouria Mohammad Parast Tabas ,&nbsp;Motahhareh Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Bavali-Gazik ,&nbsp;Asghar Zarban","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Doxorubicin is an effective anticancer drug whose clinical use is limited by oxidative liver and kidney toxicity. High-PAD-score honey, a novel index reflecting honey quality and bioactive potential, is rich in phenolic compounds and antioxidants and may mitigate these toxic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of PAD-classified honey against doxorubicin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen honey samples collected from different regions of Iran were biochemically characterized using a novel PAD scoring system calculated as the sum of four parameters: total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, protein concentration, and diastase activity. Based on their PAD values, honeys were classified into high-, moderate-, and low-PAD categories and pooled accordingly. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups and orally treated with 20% (w/v) PAD-classified honey for four weeks, followed by doxorubicin administration (20 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce hepatorenal toxicity. Serum biochemical markers, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological alterations in liver and kidney tissues were subsequently evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Doxorubicin increased liver and kidney injury markers, oxidative stress parameters, and glucose levels. Medium- and high-PAD honeys improved biochemical homeostasis, enhanced antioxidant defense, and, as confirmed by histopathological analysis, attenuated hepatic and renal degeneration, necrosis, inflammation, and structural damage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-PAD-score honey, owing to its antioxidant and phenolic properties, may exert protective effects against doxorubicin-induced organ toxicity in experimental models. However, further mechanistic studies and carefully designed investigations are required before any implications for supportive or clinical use can be considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone on mouse body weight and energy metabolism with the concomitant increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant ability","authors":"Lijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yimin Xu ,&nbsp;Yanyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaochun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangyan Liang ,&nbsp;Zhuo Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Zhou ,&nbsp;Huan Liu ,&nbsp;Jinrui Chang ,&nbsp;Man Shi ,&nbsp;Yufeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and exhibits antioxidant properties. Since mitochondria play a crucial role in energy generation and metabolism, the present study aims to clarify whether PQQ is able to modulate energy expenditure and the development of obesity by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Male mice fed normal chow diet (NCD) or high fat diet (HFD) were supplemented with PQQ through drinking water for three months. Throughout this period, food and water intake, body weight, energy metabolic rate and the autonomous activity of the mice were measured. Then, the mice were sacrificed and the tissues were collected. Mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant capacity, and changes in gene expression were measured in liver tissue. The results showed that PQQ supplementation did not result in significant alterations in the food and water intake, body weight, and energy metabolic rate of the mice fed NCD or HFD although it significantly enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant capabilities of liver and promoted autonomous activity in NCD mice. Moreover, it had no impact on the adipose tissue mass in mice fed NCD or HFD. While PQQ supplementation induced the changes in metabolism-related genes such as CPT1a, SCD1, FABP1, HK2, HK3 and PGK1 in liver, it is suggested PQQ supplementation may influence lipid and glucose metabolism. However, PQQ-induced changes in hepatic gene expression and mitochondrial biogenesis are unable to alter systemic energy metabolism and adipose tissue accumulation in male mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum uric acid levels and lumbar spine Z-scores in adults aged <50 years: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Guanwen Sun ,&nbsp;Yijun Zhou ,&nbsp;Ping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2025.100435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The prevalence of hyperuricemia is rising among young adults, yet its impact on bone metabolism remains unclear. This study investigated the association between serum uric acid levels and spinal bone mineral density in adults under 50, evaluating confounders, effect modification, and mediating pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study at the First People's Hospital of Changde City (January 1–December 31, 2024) included 238 individuals aged &lt;50 years. Serum uric acid was the exposure; lumbar spine Z-score was the outcome. Multivariable linear regression assessed associations after adjusting for age, sex, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, neutrophil count, red blood cell count, waist circumference, triglycerides, and blood pressure. Stratified analyses examined effect modification; mediation analysis quantified creatinine's role.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adjusted models showed each 100 μmol/L increase in serum uric acid was associated with a 0.20 higher lumbar spine Z-score.(β = 0.002, 95 % CI: 0.000–0.004, P = 0.044). The association was significant in women (β = 0.004 per μmol/L, P = 0.009) but absent in men (β = −0.001, P = 0.712), and stronger with lower creatinine (P_interaction = 0.004) or waist circumference (P_interaction = 0.004). Creatinine mediated 49.3 % of the effect (average mediation effect = 0.161, 95 % CI: 0.004–0.562, P = 0.024; direct effect P = 0.160).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher serum uric acid levels are associated with increased spinal bone mineral density in adults under 50, mediated partly by creatinine (∼49 % of the effect), with stronger effects in women and those with better renal function and lower adiposity. These findings reposition uric acid as a potential early protector against bone loss, paving the way for sex- and metabolism-tailored interventions to prevent osteoporosis in younger populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moringa oleifera on hyperglycemia and hypertension in metabolic diseases: Systematic review, exploratory meta-analysis and meta-regression","authors":"Kabelo Mokgalaboni ,&nbsp;Syeda R. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Wendy N. Phoswa ,&nbsp;Given R. Mashaba ,&nbsp;Tyson T. Mokgalabone ,&nbsp;Ashwell R. Ndhlala ,&nbsp;Semakaleng Mpai ,&nbsp;Sogolo L. Lebelo","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Moringa oleifera</em> (<em>M. oleifera</em>) has shown potential efficacy in animal models of metabolic disorders treatment; however, clinical evidence has been obtained from small sample sizes, and the findings remain contradictory. This study aims to evaluate the effects of <em>M</em>. <em>oleifera</em> on hypertension and hyperglycemia in individuals with metabolic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This was a registered meta-analysis (CRD420251184037) that employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate. The umbrella terms <em>moringa oleifera Lam</em>, <em>moringa oleifera,</em> and metabolic diseases were used, along with Boolean operators (OR, AND), and each database was adjusted accordingly. A meta-analysis web tool and JAMOVI version 2.6.44.0 were used to analyze the data, with results reported as mean differences (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty clinical studies, conducted in patients with metabolic diseases, were analyzed. The pooled estimates suggest a modest association between <em>M. oleifera</em> and fasting blood glucose, SMD = −0.70, 95% CI (−1.06, −0.34), <em>p</em> = 0.0002, and glycated hemoglobin, MD = −0.62%, 95% CI (−0.99, −0.25), <em>p</em> = 0.0009. Furthermore, <em>M. oleifera</em> was associated with reduced diastolic blood pressure, MD = −6.82 mmHg, 95% CI (−7.84, −5.80), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001, and systolic blood pressure, MD = −7.50 mmHg, 95% CI (−10.96, −4.03), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001. Meta-regression showed that patients' conditions and the continent where the study was conducted were significant moderators of the effect sizes, especially for FBG and SBP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The evidence gathered in this study suggests that <em>M. oleifera</em> may have potential in patients with metabolic disorders. However, due to heterogeneity and limitations in the study quality, these findings must be considered preliminary and hypothesis-generating and thus highlight the need for future powered condition-specific trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-dyslipidemic potential of the hydroethanolic extract of Graptophyllum pictum (Acanthaceae) aerial parts in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic Wistar rats","authors":"Pradeep Singh ,&nbsp;Garima Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects approximately 537 million people worldwide. Modern diabetic therapies include adverse effects and are expensive. Scientists are often exploring affordable natural treatments with little or no side effects. <em>Graptophyllum pictum</em> was chosen for the study due to its traditional claim of reducing blood glucose levels and established glucosidase inhibitory action.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In this experimental work, the hydroethanolic extract of <em>G. pictum</em> (L.) Griff aerial part was evaluated for hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and protective effects on liver enzymes in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA)-induced diabetic Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats using an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) just 15 min after injecting NA (120 mg/kg). Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) as a standard and hydroethanolic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) were used for the treatment of diabetic rats. Throughout the study (21 days), normal and diabetic control animals were given only normal saline (5 mL/kg, p.o).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings revealed that hydroethanolic extract did not have any significant hypoglycemic activity but had a significant effect (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) when compared to the diabetic control group on lowering blood glucose levels (106 ± 1.41 versus 322.16 ± 2.08) and body weight of diabetic rats, as well as significantly restoring lipid profile (105.83 ± 1.77 versus 195.33 ± 1.49, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, total cholesterol; 128.33 ± 1.38 versus 204.5 ± 1.94, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, triglycerides; 42.66 ± 1.32 versus 94.83 ± 1.77, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 29.5 ± 0.42 versus 41.83 ± 0.99, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 29 ± 2.13 versus 15.5 ± 0.84, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and liver enzymes (166.5 ± 1.72 versus 314.83 ± 1.71, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, aspartate aminotransferase; 114 ± 1.98 versus 173.5 ± 1.52, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, alanine aminotransferase).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Conclusively, results from our study on <em>G. pictum</em> hydroethanolic extract validates its use as an anti-diabetic agent and may offer a new perspective on type 2 diabetic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline metabolite profiles predict the glucose-lowering efficacy of exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Yunyi Le ,&nbsp;Jin Yang ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Fei Li ,&nbsp;Wei Fu ,&nbsp;Wenhua Xiao ,&nbsp;Haining Wang ,&nbsp;Tianpei Hong ,&nbsp;Rui Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Individual heterogeneity in the glucose-lowering response to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), including exenatide, limits efficient treatment selection for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study assessed whether baseline clinical characteristics together with serum metabolomic features could predict the glucose-lowering efficacy of exenatide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 93 Chinese adults with T2DM received exenatide treatment for 16 weeks. Treatment response was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) change value (ΔHbA1c): responders (ΔHbA1c ≤ −0.3%, n = 70) and non-responders (ΔHbA1c &gt; −0.3%, n = 23). Baseline serum metabolites were profiled by non-targeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Predictors of exenatide-induced glucose-lowering response were screened and modeled using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis and evaluated with receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, responders presented with a higher HbA1c level and a lower HDL-C level than non-responders. Logistic regression analysis indicated that baseline HbA1c and HDL-C levels were associated with ΔHbA1c after treatment. Metabolomic comparison analysis identified 15 discriminative serum metabolites between two groups. Among these metabolites, butenylcarnitine, LysoPC(18:2(9Z,12Z)) and PC(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)) were correlated with the exenatide-induced glucose-lowering response. Baseline clinical characteristics (higher HbA1c level and lower HDL-C level) combined with the metabolomic features [lower butenylcarnitine, higher LysoPC(18:2(9Z,12Z)) and higher PC(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)] predicted better glucose-lowering response to exenatide, with a sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve of 78.1%, 90.0% and 0.895, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Combination of the baseline clinical characteristics (HbA1c and HDL-C) and metabolite profiles [butenylcarnitine, LysoPC(18:2(9Z,12Z)) and PC(20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z))] can effectively predict glucose-lowering efficacy of exenatide in patients with T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, particularly olive oil intake, and metabolic health parameters are independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced IgG responses","authors":"Dimitra Petropoulou ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Tsilingiris ,&nbsp;Spyridon N. Karras ,&nbsp;Anastasios Ioannidis ,&nbsp;Georgia Petropoulou ,&nbsp;Antonios Chatzigeorgiou ,&nbsp;Eva Kassi ,&nbsp;Irene Karampela ,&nbsp;Andriana Diamantopoulou ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,&nbsp;Maria Dalamaga","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine–induced humoral immunity extend beyond vaccination and infection history; however, the role of specific dietary patterns and metabolic health parameters has not been fully elucidated. Although very few recent studies have examined the association between Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, evidence integrating specific food components and detailed metabolic indices in relation to vaccine-induced humoral immunity is limited. The aim of the present study was to comprehensively evaluate the associations of MedDiet, its individual components and metabolic health parameters with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine–induced IgG responses in a well-characterized population of healthcare workers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, 198 Greek healthcare workers (mean age 47.7 ± 11.6 years; 73.7 % female) who had received two or three BNT162b2 vaccine doses were evaluated 4–6 months post-vaccination. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric, metabolic and dietary data were collected at a single study visit. The MedDiet score and individual dietary components were assessed using a validated questionnaire. Serum SARS-CoV-2 anti–Spike (S) IgG levels were quantified using a standardized CMIA assay (Alinity i, Abbott). Multivariable linear regression analyses with log-transformed IgG titers as the dependent variable were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The geometric mean titer of anti–S IgG was 6373.4 AU/mL (95 % CI 5190–7820). In adjusted models, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (p &lt; 0.001) and receipt of three vaccine doses (p = 0.007) were the strongest correlates of higher antibody levels. Higher MedDiet adherence was independently associated with increased IgG concentrations (p = 0.027). In models including dietary components, higher olive oil (p &lt; 0.001) and legumes consumption (p = 0.032), and lower alcohol intake (p = 0.001) were significant positive determinants. METS-IR (Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance) and 25OHD (25 hydroxyvitamin D) status showed a significant positive association with IgG levels [p = 0.042 and p = 0.060 (of borderline statistical significance), respectively], while smoking was inversely associated (p = 0.020). Importantly, the association with olive oil intake persisted in both infection-naïve and previously infected individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this cross-sectional analysis, MedDiet adherence, particularly olive oil and legume consumption, and metabolic factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine–induced IgG responses, highlighting the need for further longitudinal and interventional studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketogenic dietary interventions for autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): a systematic review and synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) of observational and interventional studies","authors":"Maria G. Grammatikopoulou ,&nbsp;Arriana Gkouvi ,&nbsp;Kalliopi K. Gkouskou ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Poulimeneas ,&nbsp;Christina Tsigalou ,&nbsp;Τheodoros Eleftheriadis ,&nbsp;Odysseas Androutsos ,&nbsp;Christos Cholevas ,&nbsp;Ioannis Stefanidis ,&nbsp;Maria Dalamaga ,&nbsp;Dimitrios G. Goulis ,&nbsp;Dimitrios P. Bogdanos","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2026.100447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize available human studies, present and weigh the evidence regarding the efficacy of ketogenic dietary interventions (KDIs) for ADPKD, and provide a direction for future research and relevant recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three databases were searched and risk of bias (RoB) of the studies was assessed using Cochrane's RoB 2.0, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the ROBINS-IΙ tool. The Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) extension was used to present the results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight studies were identified delivering interventions with ketogenic diets, intermittent fasting, time-restricted feeding, etc. KDIs were generally associated with weight loss and a more favorable anthropometric profile in most interventions (nine). Blood pressure remained unchanged in most interventions (five), similar to blood cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL concentrations. Regarding renal outcomes, eGFR was either higher (4 interventions) or remained stable post-intervention. htTKV remained unchanged in most of the studies. Evidence for renal structural change was inconsistent and limited by short intervention duration and small sample sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The evidence on KDIs for ADPKD is still limited. However, KDIs, particularly caloric-restriction diets, appear promising tools for managing ADPKD. Current human data support metabolic feasibility more consistently than renal disease modification. The effects of KDIs on renal structural outcomes remain uncertain and longer trials with appropriate comparators, namely the standard of care diet for ADPKD, are required before KDIs can be recommended for ADPKD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}