Pub Date : 2024-07-14DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100301
Shilna Azhuvalappil , Raghav Prasad , Pravin Sahadevan , Priya Chatterjee , Hitesh Pradhan , Pooja Rai , Anant Gupta , Reddy Peera Kommaddi , Thomas G. Issac , Jonas S. Sundarakumar
Background
This study examines the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an older urban population in South India, as part of the Tata Longitudinal Study on Aging.
Methods
A total of 618 participants aged 45 and above were analyzed cross-sectionally for the association between APOE carrier status and MetS (based on both NCEP ATP III and Consensus criteria).
Results
Despite the high prevalence of MetS observed in this cohort (51.62 % by NCEP-ATP III and 61.33 % by Consensus criteria), multivariable logistic regression revealed no significant association between APOE genotypes and MetS under both criteria. However, specific associations were noted in age and sex-stratified analyses; notably, E2 carriers under 60 showed 0.42-fold decreased odds (95%CI:0.20,0.89, p-value-0.023) for an increased waist circumference, and E4 carriers above 60 were at 1.85 times increased odds (95 % CI:1.04,3.28, p-value<0.05) for decreased HDL.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that while APOE genotypes influence certain metabolic parameters, their impact on MetS may be limited in this urban setting, possibly overshadowed by environmental factors and lifestyle influences, which was highlighted by the differences seen in its sister rural cohort.
背景本研究是塔塔老龄化纵向研究（Tata Longitudinal Study on Aging）的一部分，探讨了印度南部城市老年人群中载脂蛋白 E（APOE）基因型与代谢综合征（MetS）之间的关系。方法对 618 名 45 岁及以上的参与者进行横截面分析，以确定载脂蛋白 E 携带者状态与代谢综合征之间的关系（基于 NCEP ATP III 和共识标准）。结果尽管在该队列中观察到 MetS 患病率很高（根据 NCEP-ATP III 标准为 51.62%，根据共识标准为 61.33%），但多变量逻辑回归显示，在两种标准下，APOE 基因型与 MetS 之间均无显著关联。然而，在年龄和性别分层分析中发现了特殊的关联；值得注意的是，60 岁以下的 E2 携带者腰围增加的几率降低了 0.42 倍（95%CI:0.20,0.89, p-value-0.023），60 岁以上的 E4 携带者腰围增加的几率增加了 1.85 倍（95%CI:1.04,3.28, p-value<0.05）。这些研究结果表明，虽然 APOE 基因型会影响某些代谢参数，但在城市环境中，它们对 MetS 的影响可能有限，可能会被环境因素和生活方式的影响所掩盖，这一点在其姊妹农村队列中的差异也很突出。
{"title":"Association between APOE genotypes and metabolic syndrome in a middle aged and elderly Urban South Indian population","authors":"Shilna Azhuvalappil , Raghav Prasad , Pravin Sahadevan , Priya Chatterjee , Hitesh Pradhan , Pooja Rai , Anant Gupta , Reddy Peera Kommaddi , Thomas G. Issac , Jonas S. Sundarakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study examines the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an older urban population in South India, as part of the Tata Longitudinal Study on Aging.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 618 participants aged 45 and above were analyzed cross-sectionally for the association between APOE carrier status and MetS (based on both NCEP ATP III and Consensus criteria).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Despite the high prevalence of MetS observed in this cohort (51.62 % by NCEP-ATP III and 61.33 % by Consensus criteria), multivariable logistic regression revealed no significant association between APOE genotypes and MetS under both criteria. However, specific associations were noted in age and sex-stratified analyses; notably, E2 carriers under 60 showed 0.42-fold decreased odds (95%CI:0.20,0.89, p-value-0.023) for an increased waist circumference, and E4 carriers above 60 were at 1.85 times increased odds (95 % CI:1.04,3.28, p-value<0.05) for decreased HDL.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings suggest that while APOE genotypes influence certain metabolic parameters, their impact on MetS may be limited in this urban setting, possibly overshadowed by environmental factors and lifestyle influences, which was highlighted by the differences seen in its sister rural cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000331/pdfft?md5=4b4091c837908c2d495bb021de4051a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000331-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
25-hydroxy vitamin-D (25(OH)D) deficiency is prevalent worldwide including India. Earlier some cross-sectional studies have discussed 25(OH)D deficiency and its prevalence. The correlation of 25(OH)D with seasonal variation has been reported rarely in India. To determine the 25(OH)D levels and seasonal changes of 25(OH)D status at a tertiary care hospital in North-western India.
Materials and methods
25(OH)D assessments performed in laboratories between 2018 and 2020 was acquired using hospital records. A total of 11,428 assays of serum 25(OH)D were analyzed in the study. Subjects were divided into three groups based on the International Endocrine Society's recommendation for serum 25(OH)D level. The 25(OH)D deficiency <20 ng/ml, insufficiency 20–29 ng/mL and sufficiency ≥30 ng/mL was defined. The months have been separated into the following seasons to analyze seasonal trends: Summer/monsoon (April–September), and winter/spring (October–March).
Results
The median 25(OH)D was 17.2 ng/mL. We observed the prevalence of 60 %, 24.1 % & 15.9 % of 25(OH)D deficiency, 25(OH)D insufficiency, and sufficiency respectively in the total number of individuals tested. 56 % male and 63 % females were 25(OH)D deficient. Notably, the lowest median 25(OH)D value was found in the 21–30 age group (14.8 ng/mL). A significant difference in 25(OH)D levels between the summer (18.7 ng/mL) and winter (15.8 ng/mL) seasons has been noticed.
Discussion
Current study revealing that 25(OH)D deficiency is common in all age groups and genders, according to our findings. Surprisingly, the lowest levels were reported in young adults. Seasonal variation has an impact on 25(OH)D status, however in all seasons 25(OH)D levels are lower than reference intervals. These findings suggest that the criteria for determining the state of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency in the Indian population should be reconsidered.
{"title":"Seasonal variation and Vitamin-D status in ostensibly healthy Indian population: An experience from a tertiary care institute","authors":"Karli Sreenivasulu , Mithu Banerjee , Sojit Tomo , Kamalkant Shukla , Maithili Karpaga Selvi , Mahendra Kumar Garg , Sumit Banerjee , Praveen Sharma , Ravindra Shukla","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>25-hydroxy vitamin-D (25(OH)D) deficiency is prevalent worldwide including India. Earlier some cross-sectional studies have discussed 25(OH)D deficiency and its prevalence. The correlation of 25(OH)D with seasonal variation has been reported rarely in India. To determine the 25(OH)D levels and seasonal changes of 25(OH)D status at a tertiary care hospital in North-western India.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>25(OH)D assessments performed in laboratories between 2018 and 2020 was acquired using hospital records. A total of 11,428 assays of serum 25(OH)D were analyzed in the study. Subjects were divided into three groups based on the International Endocrine Society's recommendation for serum 25(OH)D level. The 25(OH)D deficiency <20 ng/ml, insufficiency 20–29 ng/mL and sufficiency ≥30 ng/mL was defined. The months have been separated into the following seasons to analyze seasonal trends: Summer/monsoon (April–September), and winter/spring (October–March).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median 25(OH)D was 17.2 ng/mL. We observed the prevalence of 60 %, 24.1 % & 15.9 % of 25(OH)D deficiency, 25(OH)D insufficiency, and sufficiency respectively in the total number of individuals tested. 56 % male and 63 % females were 25(OH)D deficient. Notably, the lowest median 25(OH)D value was found in the 21–30 age group (14.8 ng/mL). A significant difference in 25(OH)D levels between the summer (18.7 ng/mL) and winter (15.8 ng/mL) seasons has been noticed.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Current study revealing that 25(OH)D deficiency is common in all age groups and genders, according to our findings. Surprisingly, the lowest levels were reported in young adults. Seasonal variation has an impact on 25(OH)D status, however in all seasons 25(OH)D levels are lower than reference intervals. These findings suggest that the criteria for determining the state of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency in the Indian population should be reconsidered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000306/pdfft?md5=cf05258561852e455be66a27b50015ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000306-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adropin, a peptide discovered in 2008, has gained recognition as a key regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance. Initially identified for its roles in energy balance, lipid metabolism, and glucose regulation, adropin has also been found to improve cardiovascular health by enhancing endothelial function, modulating lipid profiles, and reducing oxidative stress. These protective mechanisms suggest that adropin may be able to help prevent conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases. Research has established connections between adropin and cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, positioning it as a valuable biomarker for evaluating cardiovascular disease risk. New studies highlight adropin's diagnostic and prognostic significance, showing that higher levels are linked to better cardiovascular outcomes, while lower levels are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on adropin, emphasizing its significance as a promising focus in the intersection of cardiovascular health and metabolic health. By summarizing the latest research findings, this review aims to offer insights into the potential applications of adropin in both clinical practice and research, leading to a deeper understanding of its role in maintaining cardiovascular and metabolic health.
{"title":"Adropin: A crucial regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance","authors":"S. Rooban , K.A. Arul Senghor , V.M. Vinodhini , J.S. Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adropin, a peptide discovered in 2008, has gained recognition as a key regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance. Initially identified for its roles in energy balance, lipid metabolism, and glucose regulation, adropin has also been found to improve cardiovascular health by enhancing endothelial function, modulating lipid profiles, and reducing oxidative stress. These protective mechanisms suggest that adropin may be able to help prevent conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases. Research has established connections between adropin and cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, positioning it as a valuable biomarker for evaluating cardiovascular disease risk. New studies highlight adropin's diagnostic and prognostic significance, showing that higher levels are linked to better cardiovascular outcomes, while lower levels are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on adropin, emphasizing its significance as a promising focus in the intersection of cardiovascular health and metabolic health. By summarizing the latest research findings, this review aims to offer insights into the potential applications of adropin in both clinical practice and research, leading to a deeper understanding of its role in maintaining cardiovascular and metabolic health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000318/pdfft?md5=3a7014005f5cc0966d12437e6b0a19f2&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000318-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In sub-Saharan African nations, there's a documented shortfall in the utilization of statins, despite established clinical guidelines advocating their use for reducing cardiovascular risks and overall mortality among Type 2 diabetes patients aged 40–75 years old. Most clinical guidelines recommend prescribing statins to individuals with type 2 diabetes to reduce the chances of cardiovascular disease. There is currently a lack of extensive research on statin utilization specifically for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Africa. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prescription patterns of statins for preventing cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods
The findings of the review were presented following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-2020) checklist. We conducted searches on electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, African Journal Online, and Google Scholar. This systematic review and meta-analysis included articles that met specific inclusion criteria: observational studies such as cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies focusing on determinants, risk factors, or correlates associated with statin prescription within Africa. Only published articles up to June 2, 2024, published in English, and conducted in either community or healthcare facility settings were considered. Data import was initially conducted using Microsoft Excel, and statistical analysis was performed using STATA software. Cochran's Q test was employed to assess whether there was a significant variance in prevalence among the studies. Additionally, the I2 statistic was utilized to quantify the extent of heterogeneity. A funnel plot, a visual tool, was utilized to evaluate publication bias.
Results
The search strategy resulted in 7695 published original articles. The full texts of the 89 papers were assessed for eligibility and quality. Moreover, some articles were rejected due to inaccuracies in the outcome variable. Ultimately, only ten studies focusing on the prevalence of statin prescription were examined. The research suggests that the pooled prevalence of statin prescription among Type 2 diabetic individuals in Africa is found to be 48.82% (95% CI: 35.41–63.24). Age greater than 65 years (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.70–7.45; I2 = 54.7%), comorbidity (AOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.27–4.63, I2 = 96.4%), dyslipidemia (AOR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.54–6.44, I2 = 61.7%), DM duration greater than ten years (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.81–2.28, I2 = 77.3%), and government insurance (AOR = 8.85, 95% CI: 2.72–28.76, I2 = 81.5%) were factors associated with statin prescription among type 2 diabetic patients.
Conclusions
In general, the extent of statin prescriptions for individuals with type 2 di
{"title":"Prescribing patterns of statins and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Worku Chekol Tassew , Yeshiwas Ayale Ferede , Agerie Mengistie Zeleke","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In sub-Saharan African nations, there's a documented shortfall in the utilization of statins, despite established clinical guidelines advocating their use for reducing cardiovascular risks and overall mortality among Type 2 diabetes patients aged 40–75 years old. Most clinical guidelines recommend prescribing statins to individuals with type 2 diabetes to reduce the chances of cardiovascular disease. There is currently a lack of extensive research on statin utilization specifically for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Africa. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prescription patterns of statins for preventing cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The findings of the review were presented following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-2020) checklist. We conducted searches on electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, African Journal Online, and Google Scholar. This systematic review and meta-analysis included articles that met specific inclusion criteria: observational studies such as cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies focusing on determinants, risk factors, or correlates associated with statin prescription within Africa. Only published articles up to June 2, 2024, published in English, and conducted in either community or healthcare facility settings were considered. Data import was initially conducted using Microsoft Excel, and statistical analysis was performed using STATA software. Cochran's Q test was employed to assess whether there was a significant variance in prevalence among the studies. Additionally, the I<sup>2</sup> statistic was utilized to quantify the extent of heterogeneity. A funnel plot, a visual tool, was utilized to evaluate publication bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search strategy resulted in 7695 published original articles. The full texts of the 89 papers were assessed for eligibility and quality. Moreover, some articles were rejected due to inaccuracies in the outcome variable. Ultimately, only ten studies focusing on the prevalence of statin prescription were examined. The research suggests that the pooled prevalence of statin prescription among Type 2 diabetic individuals in Africa is found to be 48.82% (95% CI: 35.41–63.24). Age greater than 65 years (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.70–7.45; I<sup>2</sup> = 54.7%), comorbidity (AOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.27–4.63, I<sup>2</sup> = 96.4%), dyslipidemia (AOR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.54–6.44, I<sup>2</sup> = 61.7%), DM duration greater than ten years (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.81–2.28, I<sup>2</sup> = 77.3%), and government insurance (AOR = 8.85, 95% CI: 2.72–28.76, I<sup>2</sup> = 81.5%) were factors associated with statin prescription among type 2 diabetic patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In general, the extent of statin prescriptions for individuals with type 2 di","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258993682400029X/pdfft?md5=2d2dfa7844f60362bf3c33e03fa5e59e&pid=1-s2.0-S258993682400029X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in critically ill patients, and it has been suggested to be a risk factor for infections, sepsis and higher mortality. We sought to investigate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in critically ill patients with new onset sepsis are associated with severity and outcome. We prospectively included 50 consecutive critically ill adult cases with new onset sepsis and 50 healthy controls matched for age and sex. PTH and 25(OH)D were determined in serum via electrochemiluminescence immunoassays at inclusion in the study in all cases and controls, and one week after sepsis onset in cases. Patients had reduced 25(OH)D compared to controls at sepsis onset (7.9 ± 3 vs 24.6 ± 6.7 ng/mL, p < 0.001), whilst PTH was similar (median (range): 34.5 (5.7–218.5) vs 44.2 (14.2–98.1) pg/mL, p = 0.35). In patients, 25(OH)D upon enrollment and one week after did not differ significantly (7.9 ± 3 vs 7 ± 4.3 ng/mL, p = 0.19). All patients presented with hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL), while 40 patients (80 %) had vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL) at sepsis onset, including all ten (20 %) nonsurvivors, who died within 28 days from sepsis onset. Patients with sepsis (N = 28) and septic shock (N = 22) as well as survivors (N = 40) and nonsurvivors (N = 10) had similar 25(OH)D at enrollment (p > 0.05). 25(OH)D was positively correlated with ionized calcium (r = 0.46, p < 0.001) and negatively with PTH (p < 0.05), while inflammatory biomarkers or the severity scores exhibited no correlation with 25(OH)D. Patients with septic shock and nonsurvivors had lower PTH than patients with sepsis and survivors respectively (42.2 ± 42.9 vs 73.4 ± 61.9 pg/mL, p = 0.04, and 18.3 ± 10.7 vs 69.9 ± 58.8 pg/mL, p = 0.001, respectively). C-reactive protein was negatively associated with PTH (r = −0.44, p = 0.001). In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was present in 80 % of critically ill patients at sepsis onset, while nonsurvivors exhibited lower PTH than survivors. Additional, larger and multicenter studies are warranted to elucidate the contribution of vitamin D and PTH to the pathogenesis of sepsis and its outcomes.
{"title":"25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone in new onset sepsis: A prospective study in critically ill patients","authors":"Irene Karampela , Theodora Stratigou , Georgios Antonakos , Dimitris Kounatidis , Natalia G. Vallianou , Dimitrios Tsilingiris , Maria Dalamaga","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in critically ill patients, and it has been suggested to be a risk factor for infections, sepsis and higher mortality. We sought to investigate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in critically ill patients with new onset sepsis are associated with severity and outcome. We prospectively included 50 consecutive critically ill adult cases with new onset sepsis and 50 healthy controls matched for age and sex. PTH and 25(OH)D were determined in serum via electrochemiluminescence immunoassays at inclusion in the study in all cases and controls, and one week after sepsis onset in cases. Patients had reduced 25(OH)D compared to controls at sepsis onset (7.9 ± 3 vs 24.6 ± 6.7 ng/mL, p < 0.001), whilst PTH was similar (median (range): 34.5 (5.7–218.5) vs 44.2 (14.2–98.1) pg/mL, p = 0.35). In patients, 25(OH)D upon enrollment and one week after did not differ significantly (7.9 ± 3 vs 7 ± 4.3 ng/mL, p = 0.19). All patients presented with hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL), while 40 patients (80 %) had vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL) at sepsis onset, including all ten (20 %) nonsurvivors, who died within 28 days from sepsis onset. Patients with sepsis (N = 28) and septic shock (N = 22) as well as survivors (N = 40) and nonsurvivors (N = 10) had similar 25(OH)D at enrollment (p > 0.05). 25(OH)D was positively correlated with ionized calcium (r = 0.46, p < 0.001) and negatively with PTH (p < 0.05), while inflammatory biomarkers or the severity scores exhibited no correlation with 25(OH)D. Patients with septic shock and nonsurvivors had lower PTH than patients with sepsis and survivors respectively (42.2 ± 42.9 vs 73.4 ± 61.9 pg/mL, p = 0.04, and 18.3 ± 10.7 vs 69.9 ± 58.8 pg/mL, p = 0.001, respectively). C-reactive protein was negatively associated with PTH (r = −0.44, p = 0.001). In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was present in 80 % of critically ill patients at sepsis onset, while nonsurvivors exhibited lower PTH than survivors. Additional, larger and multicenter studies are warranted to elucidate the contribution of vitamin D and PTH to the pathogenesis of sepsis and its outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000288/pdfft?md5=e03d054fea77cabb55eec21157726239&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000288-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100292
Alina Skultecka , Fredrik Nyberg , Lauren Lissner , Maria Rosvall , Dag S. Thelle , Anna-Carin Olin , Kjell Torén , Lena Björck , Annika Rosengren , Kirsten Mehlig
Background
While prevalence estimates differ by definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS), it is less clear how different definitions affect associations with alcohol consumption.
Methods
We included 3051 adults aged 25–77 from the baseline examination of the Swedish INTERGENE cohort (2001–2004). Using multiple logistic regression, we investigated cross-sectional associations between ethanol intake and MetS defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the Joint Interim Statement (JIS). Alcohol exposure categories comprised abstinence, and low, medium, and high consumption defined via sex-specific tertiles of ethanol intake among current consumers. Covariates included sociodemographics, health, and lifestyle factors.
Results
MetS prevalence estimates varied between 13.9 % (ATP III) and 25.3 % (JIS), with higher prevalence in men than women. Adjusted for age and sex, medium-high alcohol consumption was associated with lower odds of MetS compared to low consumption, while no difference was observed for abstainers. Only the most specific (and thus severe) definition of MetS (ATP III) showed decreasing odds for ethanol intake when adjusted for all covariates.
Conclusion
Our study shows that alcohol-related associations differ by definition of MetS. The finding that individuals with the most stringently defined MetS may benefit from alcohol consumption calls for further well-controlled studies.
{"title":"Comparison of associations between alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome according to three definitions: The Swedish INTERGENE study","authors":"Alina Skultecka , Fredrik Nyberg , Lauren Lissner , Maria Rosvall , Dag S. Thelle , Anna-Carin Olin , Kjell Torén , Lena Björck , Annika Rosengren , Kirsten Mehlig","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>While prevalence estimates differ by definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS), it is less clear how different definitions affect associations with alcohol consumption.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included 3051 adults aged 25–77 from the baseline examination of the Swedish INTERGENE cohort (2001–2004). Using multiple logistic regression, we investigated cross-sectional associations between ethanol intake and MetS defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the Joint Interim Statement (JIS). Alcohol exposure categories comprised abstinence, and low, medium, and high consumption defined via sex-specific tertiles of ethanol intake among current consumers. Covariates included sociodemographics, health, and lifestyle factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>MetS prevalence estimates varied between 13.9 % (ATP III) and 25.3 % (JIS), with higher prevalence in men than women. Adjusted for age and sex, medium-high alcohol consumption was associated with lower odds of MetS compared to low consumption, while no difference was observed for abstainers. Only the most specific (and thus severe) definition of MetS (ATP III) showed decreasing odds for ethanol intake when adjusted for all covariates.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study shows that alcohol-related associations differ by definition of MetS. The finding that individuals with the most stringently defined MetS may benefit from alcohol consumption calls for further well-controlled studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000240/pdfft?md5=5ae0a8d899fa1433ff6f3e96c1a28a63&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000240-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity is a major public health problem with a prevalence increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. There is an urgent need for efficient approaches to weight management. Diet induced thermogenesis (DIT) is the process by which the body increases its energy expenditure in response to a meal. It is estimated to account for approximately 10 % of total energy expenditure and is considered a potentially modifiable component of energy expenditure. The palatability of food, meal's composition in macronutrients, the circadian rhythm and sleep, as well as individual's characteristics such as age, the presence of obesity or diabetes mellitus, and the proportion of physical activity are the main factors that affect DIT. However, studies examining DIT are mostly characterized by small sample size and the methodology varies considerably between studies. It seems that even today there is a lot of contradiction between the relative studies. Inspite of that, future research might lead to the modification of DIT in order to achieve some weight loss in obese people.
肥胖症是一个重大的公共卫生问题，其发病率在全球范围内以惊人的速度增长。目前迫切需要有效的体重管理方法。饮食诱导生热（DIT）是人体在进餐后增加能量消耗的过程。据估计，它约占总能量消耗的 10%，被认为是能量消耗中一个潜在的可调节成分。食物的适口性、膳食中的宏量营养素组成、昼夜节律和睡眠，以及年龄、是否肥胖或糖尿病和体力活动比例等个体特征是影响 DIT 的主要因素。然而，有关 DIT 的研究大多样本量较小，而且不同研究的方法也大相径庭。时至今日，相关研究之间似乎仍存在很多矛盾。尽管如此，未来的研究可能会促使对 DIT 进行修改，以达到减轻肥胖者体重的目的。
{"title":"Diet induced thermogenesis, older and newer data with emphasis on obesity and diabetes mellitus - A narrative review","authors":"Evangelia Tzeravini, Tentolouris Anastasios, Kokkinos Alexander, Tentolouris Nikolaos, Katsilambros Nikolaos","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Obesity is a major public health problem with a prevalence increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. There is an urgent need for efficient approaches to weight management. Diet induced thermogenesis (DIT) is the process by which the body increases its energy expenditure in response to a meal. It is estimated to account for approximately 10 % of total energy expenditure and is considered a potentially modifiable component of energy expenditure. The palatability of food, meal's composition in macronutrients, the circadian rhythm and sleep, as well as individual's characteristics such as age, the presence of obesity or diabetes mellitus, and the proportion of physical activity are the main factors that affect DIT. However, studies examining DIT are mostly characterized by small sample size and the methodology varies considerably between studies. It seems that even today there is a lot of contradiction between the relative studies. Inspite of that, future research might lead to the modification of DIT in order to achieve some weight loss in obese people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000239/pdfft?md5=8cefeda294d6573004b1fd2da1c9a27e&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000239-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100290
Maria Dalamaga
Metabolomics, a cutting-edge omics technique, is a rapidly advancing field in biomedical research, concentrating on the elucidation of pathogenetic mechanisms and the discovery of novel metabolite signatures predictive of disease risk, aiding in earlier disease detection, prognosis and prediction of treatment response. The capacity of this omics approach to simultaneously quantify thousands of metabolites, i.e. small molecules less than 1500 Da in samples, positions it as a promising tool for research and clinical applications in personalized medicine. Clinical metabolomics studies have proven valuable in understanding cardiometabolic disorders, potentially uncovering diagnostic biomarkers predictive of disease risk. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is the predominant analytical method used in metabolomics, particularly untargeted. Metabolomics combined with extensive genomic data, proteomics, clinical chemistry data, imaging, health records, and other pertinent health-related data may yield significant advances beneficial for both public health initiatives, clinical applications and precision medicine, particularly in rare disorders and multimorbidity. This special issue has gathered original research articles in topics related to clinical metabolomics as well as research articles, reviews, perspectives and highlights in the broader field of translational and clinical metabolic research. Additional research is necessary to identify which metabolites consistently enhance clinical risk prediction across various populations and are causally linked to disease progression.
代谢组学是一种前沿的全息技术，是生物医学研究中一个快速发展的领域，其研究重点是阐明致病机制和发现可预测疾病风险的新型代谢物特征，从而帮助更早地发现疾病、预后和预测治疗反应。这种全息方法能够同时量化样本中成千上万种代谢物（即小于 1500 Da 的小分子），因此是个性化医学研究和临床应用的理想工具。临床代谢组学研究已被证明对了解心脏代谢疾病很有价值，有可能发现预测疾病风险的诊断生物标记物。液相色谱-质谱法是代谢组学（尤其是非靶向代谢组学）的主要分析方法。代谢组学与广泛的基因组数据、蛋白质组学、临床化学数据、影像学、健康记录和其他相关的健康数据相结合，可能会取得重大进展，有利于公共卫生计划、临床应用和精准医疗，尤其是罕见疾病和多病的治疗。本特刊收集了临床代谢组学相关主题的原创研究文章，以及转化和临床代谢研究这一更广泛领域的研究文章、综述、观点和亮点。要确定哪些代谢物能持续增强不同人群的临床风险预测并与疾病进展有因果关系，还需要进行更多的研究。
{"title":"Clinical metabolomics: Useful insights, perspectives and challenges","authors":"Maria Dalamaga","doi":"10.1016/j.metop.2024.100290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metabolomics, a cutting-edge omics technique, is a rapidly advancing field in biomedical research, concentrating on the elucidation of pathogenetic mechanisms and the discovery of novel metabolite signatures predictive of disease risk, aiding in earlier disease detection, prognosis and prediction of treatment response. The capacity of this omics approach to simultaneously quantify thousands of metabolites, i.e. small molecules less than 1500 Da in samples, positions it as a promising tool for research and clinical applications in personalized medicine. Clinical metabolomics studies have proven valuable in understanding cardiometabolic disorders, potentially uncovering diagnostic biomarkers predictive of disease risk. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is the predominant analytical method used in metabolomics, particularly untargeted. Metabolomics combined with extensive genomic data, proteomics, clinical chemistry data, imaging, health records, and other pertinent health-related data may yield significant advances beneficial for both public health initiatives, clinical applications and precision medicine, particularly in rare disorders and multimorbidity. This special issue has gathered original research articles in topics related to clinical metabolomics as well as research articles, reviews, perspectives and highlights in the broader field of translational and clinical metabolic research. Additional research is necessary to identify which metabolites consistently enhance clinical risk prediction across various populations and are causally linked to disease progression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94141,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism open","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589936824000227/pdfft?md5=f169ac7a3c9590bd18a34a9df53866b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2589936824000227-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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