Short-span bridges are one of the most frequent infrastructures along railway tracks where railway track stiffness suddenly changes. The sudden variation in the vertical stiffness of railway tracks increases dynamic loads and causes numerous defects in ballasted railroads. Therefore, improving the dynamic performance of railway tracks can be conducted by constructing countermeasures along the transition zone. In this regard, the approach slab is a practical technique used in railway-bridge transition zones. As the dimensional shape of the approach slab plays a significant role in the dynamic response of transition zones, this study evaluated the effects of its main geometric parameters. A three-dimensional model of the railway portal bridge, including the approach slab, was built using the finite element method and analyzed by imposing moving wheel loads as a series of acting force points along rail elements. The model was validated with field-obtained results acquired through a laser/camera-based measuring technique. Then, some sensitivity analyses were performed to find optimized geometric dimensions of approach slabs to improve the dynamic behavior of railway-bridge transition zones. Obtained results of the geometrical sensitivity analysis show that when the geometrically optimized approach slab is used along the railway-bridge transition zone, the displacements of rail and ballast are decreased by 24% and 18%, respectively.
{"title":"Evaluating the Dynamic Behavior of Railway-Bridge Transition Zone; Numerical and Field Measurements","authors":"Hamidreza Heydari","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2022-0453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0453","url":null,"abstract":"Short-span bridges are one of the most frequent infrastructures along railway tracks where railway track stiffness suddenly changes. The sudden variation in the vertical stiffness of railway tracks increases dynamic loads and causes numerous defects in ballasted railroads. Therefore, improving the dynamic performance of railway tracks can be conducted by constructing countermeasures along the transition zone. In this regard, the approach slab is a practical technique used in railway-bridge transition zones. As the dimensional shape of the approach slab plays a significant role in the dynamic response of transition zones, this study evaluated the effects of its main geometric parameters. A three-dimensional model of the railway portal bridge, including the approach slab, was built using the finite element method and analyzed by imposing moving wheel loads as a series of acting force points along rail elements. The model was validated with field-obtained results acquired through a laser/camera-based measuring technique. Then, some sensitivity analyses were performed to find optimized geometric dimensions of approach slabs to improve the dynamic behavior of railway-bridge transition zones. Obtained results of the geometrical sensitivity analysis show that when the geometrically optimized approach slab is used along the railway-bridge transition zone, the displacements of rail and ballast are decreased by 24% and 18%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioretention cells in the Toronto region are usually sized to accommodate runoff from the 90th percentile storm, which has a depth of about 25 mm. This research examines the water quality control performance and cost of bioretention cells sized to satisfy alternative design criteria ranging from 5 to 50 mm. The long-term average runoff-capture efficiencies provided by representative bioretention cells are determined, and their capital as well as operation and maintenance costs are estimated. Results indicate that the current design criterion of 25 mm is probably too high and not cost-efficient. In fact, above some threshold levels, little improvement in runoff-capture and pollutant removal performances may be achieved if the design criterion is increased further, but cost would still linearly increase. Presented here is a methodology that can be used to properly consider both the performance and cost of bioretention cells for establishing a more cost-efficient design criterion. It is shown that a more cost-efficient design criterion for Toronto could be lower than the current one, and significant cost savings can be realized if a lower design criterion is implemented. Some inappropriate ways of quantifying the effective volume of storage provided by bioretention cells are also identified in this paper.
{"title":"A Closer Look at Toronto’s Water Quality Control Design Criteria for Bioretention Cells","authors":"Elizabeth Rowe, Yiping Guo, Zhong Li","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0148","url":null,"abstract":"Bioretention cells in the Toronto region are usually sized to accommodate runoff from the 90th percentile storm, which has a depth of about 25 mm. This research examines the water quality control performance and cost of bioretention cells sized to satisfy alternative design criteria ranging from 5 to 50 mm. The long-term average runoff-capture efficiencies provided by representative bioretention cells are determined, and their capital as well as operation and maintenance costs are estimated. Results indicate that the current design criterion of 25 mm is probably too high and not cost-efficient. In fact, above some threshold levels, little improvement in runoff-capture and pollutant removal performances may be achieved if the design criterion is increased further, but cost would still linearly increase. Presented here is a methodology that can be used to properly consider both the performance and cost of bioretention cells for establishing a more cost-efficient design criterion. It is shown that a more cost-efficient design criterion for Toronto could be lower than the current one, and significant cost savings can be realized if a lower design criterion is implemented. Some inappropriate ways of quantifying the effective volume of storage provided by bioretention cells are also identified in this paper.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Balloon-type cross-laminated timber (CLT) shearwalls represent a valuable alternative to traditional platform-type construction for use as lateral load resisting systems in mid-rise mass timber buildings. Limited information is available on the behaviour of balloon-type shearwalls, and the system is not included in design codes and standards. The research aims to investigate the lateral deformation contribution and kinematic behaviour of balloon-type CLT shearwall system. A simplified analytical model to establish the lateral displacement of shearwalls is presented and discussed. The methodology involves a validated finite element model, and the result of sensitivity analysis is used to develop the analytical model. The study revealed that the stiffness of hold-downs and vertical joints, and aspect ratio of panels and vertical loads are contributing factors influencing lateral stiffness. The proposed analytical model was verified against 45 cases implemented in numerical models yielding an average error in the prediction of top lateral displacement of less than 4.7%.
{"title":"INVESTIGATING THE DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF BALLOON-TYPE CLT SHEARWALL","authors":"Dalu Xing, Daniele Casagrande, Ghasan Doudak","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0233","url":null,"abstract":"Balloon-type cross-laminated timber (CLT) shearwalls represent a valuable alternative to traditional platform-type construction for use as lateral load resisting systems in mid-rise mass timber buildings. Limited information is available on the behaviour of balloon-type shearwalls, and the system is not included in design codes and standards. The research aims to investigate the lateral deformation contribution and kinematic behaviour of balloon-type CLT shearwall system. A simplified analytical model to establish the lateral displacement of shearwalls is presented and discussed. The methodology involves a validated finite element model, and the result of sensitivity analysis is used to develop the analytical model. The study revealed that the stiffness of hold-downs and vertical joints, and aspect ratio of panels and vertical loads are contributing factors influencing lateral stiffness. The proposed analytical model was verified against 45 cases implemented in numerical models yielding an average error in the prediction of top lateral displacement of less than 4.7%.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Facility management maintains building service quality through cycles of condition assessments and rehabilitations. Building components, however, differ in their nature, service lives, deterioration patterns, and textual/visual inspection data. This complicates the condition assessment process and subsequent rehabilitation decisions. This paper proposes a smart condition assessment framework that uses different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques that suit the condition data analysis of different building components. The framework has been applied to a dataset of over 2000 maintenance requests for roof and HVAC systems across a 600-villa portfolio. To address their varying needs, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) were used on images of roof defects, while enhanced data mining was used on textual data of HVAC systems. Accordingly, work packages of deteriorated components were identified, and a 60-day schedule was developed to repair 203 HVAC units. This research shows how AI can assist facility management with respect to condition assessment, rehabilitation planning, and resource allocation.
{"title":"Utilizing Different Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Efficient Condition Assessment of Building Components
","authors":"Kareem Tarek Mostafa, Hani Ahmed, Tarek Hegazy","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0046","url":null,"abstract":"Facility management maintains building service quality through cycles of condition assessments and rehabilitations. Building components, however, differ in their nature, service lives, deterioration patterns, and textual/visual inspection data. This complicates the condition assessment process and subsequent rehabilitation decisions. This paper proposes a smart condition assessment framework that uses different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques that suit the condition data analysis of different building components. The framework has been applied to a dataset of over 2000 maintenance requests for roof and HVAC systems across a 600-villa portfolio. To address their varying needs, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) were used on images of roof defects, while enhanced data mining was used on textual data of HVAC systems. Accordingly, work packages of deteriorated components were identified, and a 60-day schedule was developed to repair 203 HVAC units. This research shows how AI can assist facility management with respect to condition assessment, rehabilitation planning, and resource allocation.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Hogansburg Dam in Akwesasne, NY, on the lower St. Regis River, a tributary of the St. Lawrence River, was decommissioned and removed in 2016. The dam removal restored over 893 river km of migratory fish access. However, ice jams occurred on the lower St. Regis River in winter before and after the dam removal, which caused flooding in the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe Reservation. This study reviewed the historical ice-jam conditions in the lower St. Regis River and the effect of dam removal. A two-dimensional river-ice model, DynaRICE, capable of simulating the dynamic ice transport and jamming processes, was used to evaluate pre- and post-dam-removal conditions of the Hogansburg Dam on the ice-jam flooding in the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe Reservation. The study showed that the dam removal effect decreases as the breakup discharge increases. A potential mitigation scheme for reducing ice-jam floods in the Hogansburg area using ice booms was examined and recommended.
位于纽约州阿克韦森内的霍根斯堡大坝位于圣劳伦斯河的一条支流——瑞吉河下游，于2016年退役并拆除。大坝的拆除恢复了超过893公里的洄游鱼类通道。然而，在大坝拆除前后的冬季，圣里吉斯河下游发生了冰堵塞，导致圣里吉斯莫霍克部落保留地发生洪水。本研究回顾了历史上圣瑞吉河下游的冰堵塞状况和大坝拆除的影响。采用二维河流冰模型DynaRICE，模拟了动态冰输运和阻塞过程，对St. Regis Mohawk Tribe Reservation的Hogansburg大坝在冰堵塞洪水中拆除前后的条件进行了评估。研究表明，随着破碎流量的增大，坝体的卸坝效果减小。研究并建议了一项利用冰栏减少霍根斯堡地区冰塞洪水的潜在缓解方案。
{"title":"Dam Removal Effect on the Lower St. Regis River Ice Jam Floods","authors":"Fengbin Huang, Hung Tao Shen","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0040","url":null,"abstract":"The Hogansburg Dam in Akwesasne, NY, on the lower St. Regis River, a tributary of the St. Lawrence River, was decommissioned and removed in 2016. The dam removal restored over 893 river km of migratory fish access. However, ice jams occurred on the lower St. Regis River in winter before and after the dam removal, which caused flooding in the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe Reservation. This study reviewed the historical ice-jam conditions in the lower St. Regis River and the effect of dam removal. A two-dimensional river-ice model, DynaRICE, capable of simulating the dynamic ice transport and jamming processes, was used to evaluate pre- and post-dam-removal conditions of the Hogansburg Dam on the ice-jam flooding in the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe Reservation. The study showed that the dam removal effect decreases as the breakup discharge increases. A potential mitigation scheme for reducing ice-jam floods in the Hogansburg area using ice booms was examined and recommended.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a novel approach for measuring the cost requirements and related values for building information modeling (BIM) adoption using the adaptive analytic hierarchy process approach. The proposed approach considers the importance of each BIM use item in relation to its cost, allowing for prioritization of BIM uses based on their relative value while considering prerequisite relationships and budgetary constraints. The effectiveness of the approach was demonstrated through empirical validation involving a survey of 50 construction industry professionals, and two BIM use prioritization methods (project objective- oriented and value- oriented) were recommended for decision-making under budget constraints. The lessons learned from the empirical case study include the importance of Government’s role and the industrial standards in evaluating cost-benefit and promoting for BIM adoption, the different contributions of BIM uses across project phases, and the diverse perceptions of BIM cost requirements among different participants. These lessons are invaluable for countries planning BIM implementation. This paper also demonstrates the development and empirical validation of a novel approach for BIM use adoption under limited budgets, which can assist decision-makers in selecting appropriate BIM use items and estimating their associated costs.
{"title":"Measuring the Value and Cost of BIM Use—An Empirical Lesson Learned from Taiwan’s Social Housing Projects","authors":"Wen-Der Yu, Hsien-Kuan Chang, Kun-Chi Wang","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0184","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel approach for measuring the cost requirements and related values for building information modeling (BIM) adoption using the adaptive analytic hierarchy process approach. The proposed approach considers the importance of each BIM use item in relation to its cost, allowing for prioritization of BIM uses based on their relative value while considering prerequisite relationships and budgetary constraints. The effectiveness of the approach was demonstrated through empirical validation involving a survey of 50 construction industry professionals, and two BIM use prioritization methods (project objective- oriented and value- oriented) were recommended for decision-making under budget constraints. The lessons learned from the empirical case study include the importance of Government’s role and the industrial standards in evaluating cost-benefit and promoting for BIM adoption, the different contributions of BIM uses across project phases, and the diverse perceptions of BIM cost requirements among different participants. These lessons are invaluable for countries planning BIM implementation. This paper also demonstrates the development and empirical validation of a novel approach for BIM use adoption under limited budgets, which can assist decision-makers in selecting appropriate BIM use items and estimating their associated costs.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leaks cause substantial economic and water losses for water distribution networks (WDNs). Thus, it is imperative to detect and localize leaks. This paper proposes an efficient set of methods for detecting and localizing leaks, with three main steps: model calibration, leak detection, and leak localization. First, demands, pipe diameter, and pipe roughness in the hydraulic model are calibrated with a genetic algorithm (GA). The X-bar method and cumulative sum control chart are then implemented to detect pipe bursts and incipient leaks, respectively. Lastly, a reduced search space is defined and searched with a GA to locate leaks. The proposed strategy was tested on the hypothetical WDN of L-Town from the Battle of the Leakage Detection and Isolation Methods. Results show that 12 of 19 leaks were detected, and 8 of the 12 leakages were accurately located. Compared with other approaches, the proposed approach is more efficient and equally effective.
{"title":"Efficiency enhancement of leakage detection and localisation methods using leakage gradient and most affected sensors","authors":"Ziyuan Cai, Rebecca Dziedzic, S. Samuel Li","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0176","url":null,"abstract":"Leaks cause substantial economic and water losses for water distribution networks (WDNs). Thus, it is imperative to detect and localize leaks. This paper proposes an efficient set of methods for detecting and localizing leaks, with three main steps: model calibration, leak detection, and leak localization. First, demands, pipe diameter, and pipe roughness in the hydraulic model are calibrated with a genetic algorithm (GA). The X-bar method and cumulative sum control chart are then implemented to detect pipe bursts and incipient leaks, respectively. Lastly, a reduced search space is defined and searched with a GA to locate leaks. The proposed strategy was tested on the hypothetical WDN of L-Town from the Battle of the Leakage Detection and Isolation Methods. Results show that 12 of 19 leaks were detected, and 8 of the 12 leakages were accurately located. Compared with other approaches, the proposed approach is more efficient and equally effective.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ice platforms are engineered sheets of floating ice that are designed to support long-term stationary loads, usually related to construction. These loads can include cranes, drill rigs, excavators, girder trucks, and tandem trucks. This paper will discuss general design procedures for ice platforms as well as cases with special considerations such as multiple long-term loads, repetitive long-term loads, objects dropped down onto the ice, loads near large holes in the ice, loads near bridge piers, loads near banks, and loads on access ramps.
{"title":"Special considerations for the design of ice platforms","authors":"Gary Van Der Vinne","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0070","url":null,"abstract":"Ice platforms are engineered sheets of floating ice that are designed to support long-term stationary loads, usually related to construction. These loads can include cranes, drill rigs, excavators, girder trucks, and tandem trucks. This paper will discuss general design procedures for ice platforms as well as cases with special considerations such as multiple long-term loads, repetitive long-term loads, objects dropped down onto the ice, loads near large holes in the ice, loads near bridge piers, loads near banks, and loads on access ramps.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Chavez, B. Baskaran, M. Aldoum, T. Stathopoulos, T. Geleta, G. Bitsuamlak
The wind load provisions for gabled roofs with a slope of 27o< α < 45o in NBC were derived from wind tunnel studies conducted in the 1970s. The paper presents the results of full-scale measurements and wind tunnel experiments to verify the necessity to update the current NBC provisions. A full-scale building with a gabled roof of 45o was instrumented with pressure taps, and the wind load was monitored for 15 months. The building and surroundings were replicated at a wind tunnel scale and investigated by Concordia and Western. Based on these three sources of data, the study concluded that the corner and edge provisions for both cases –a roof with and without overhang– need to be increased. It is suggested to merge the corner and edge into a single "perimeter" load provision.
{"title":"Wind pressure on a 45-degree gabled roof: verifying code provisions with field measurements and wind tunnel data","authors":"M. Chavez, B. Baskaran, M. Aldoum, T. Stathopoulos, T. Geleta, G. Bitsuamlak","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2022-0351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0351","url":null,"abstract":"The wind load provisions for gabled roofs with a slope of 27o< α < 45o in NBC were derived from wind tunnel studies conducted in the 1970s. The paper presents the results of full-scale measurements and wind tunnel experiments to verify the necessity to update the current NBC provisions. A full-scale building with a gabled roof of 45o was instrumented with pressure taps, and the wind load was monitored for 15 months. The building and surroundings were replicated at a wind tunnel scale and investigated by Concordia and Western. Based on these three sources of data, the study concluded that the corner and edge provisions for both cases –a roof with and without overhang– need to be increased. It is suggested to merge the corner and edge into a single \"perimeter\" load provision.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"1999 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88258810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Pourshahbaz, Tadros R. Ghobrial, A. Shakibaeinia
Over the past decades, a variety of ice control structures (ICS) have been designed and built, but to date, there has been no systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of these structures. To achieve this objective, first an understanding of the interaction between the different ice processes and the ICSs must be established. For this purpose, a total of four ICSs located in the province of Québec were monitored during the 2021-2022 winter. The results showed that the ice jam holding time could vary from 1.5 to 68.5 hours. The release of the jam was mechanically driven when the ratio of release to initiation Froude number was higher than one and was thermally driven when this ratio was lower than one and the water temperature increased between initiation and release. Also, as the ratio of the total pier spacings to upstream river width increased, the holding time decreased.
{"title":"Field monitoring of river ice processes in the vicinity of ice control structures in the province of Quebec, Canada","authors":"H. Pourshahbaz, Tadros R. Ghobrial, A. Shakibaeinia","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0087","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, a variety of ice control structures (ICS) have been designed and built, but to date, there has been no systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of these structures. To achieve this objective, first an understanding of the interaction between the different ice processes and the ICSs must be established. For this purpose, a total of four ICSs located in the province of Québec were monitored during the 2021-2022 winter. The results showed that the ice jam holding time could vary from 1.5 to 68.5 hours. The release of the jam was mechanically driven when the ratio of release to initiation Froude number was higher than one and was thermally driven when this ratio was lower than one and the water temperature increased between initiation and release. Also, as the ratio of the total pier spacings to upstream river width increased, the holding time decreased.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72645021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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