The land application of food-processing wash-waters provides valuable nutrients and soil organic matter to agriculture lands if properly applied. Many jurisdictions have processes in place to ensure that land application provides positive benefits while protecting the environment. However, Ontario food processors have indicated that the land application regulations for wastes are overly burdensome and hindering economic opportunities. Therefore, research was completed to identify potential improvements to Ontario’s land application framework. The research revealed that Ontario has one of the best regulatory frameworks for land application compared to other North American jurisdictions. Ontario’s documents are easy to find and navigate, but the standards are overly burdensome for lower risk sources of waste. For example, high-risk sources for pathogens and heavy metals such as sewage wastewater are grouped with lower risk sources such as food-processing wash-waters. Potential improvements are presented, including decreased sampling frequencies.
{"title":"Improved NASM Framework for the Land Application of Food Processing Wash-water and Solid Residuals","authors":"Connor Dunlop, B. Abbassi, R. Zytner","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0138","url":null,"abstract":"The land application of food-processing wash-waters provides valuable nutrients and soil organic matter to agriculture lands if properly applied. Many jurisdictions have processes in place to ensure that land application provides positive benefits while protecting the environment. However, Ontario food processors have indicated that the land application regulations for wastes are overly burdensome and hindering economic opportunities. Therefore, research was completed to identify potential improvements to Ontario’s land application framework. The research revealed that Ontario has one of the best regulatory frameworks for land application compared to other North American jurisdictions. Ontario’s documents are easy to find and navigate, but the standards are overly burdensome for lower risk sources of waste. For example, high-risk sources for pathogens and heavy metals such as sewage wastewater are grouped with lower risk sources such as food-processing wash-waters. Potential improvements are presented, including decreased sampling frequencies.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84206224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rana Ali Nawaz, Xiuquan Wang, S. Basheer, Katie Sonier, Tianze Pang, T. Adekanmbi
Climate change has been attracting significant attention in Canada lately. This study investigates spatiotemporal air temperature and precipitation changes by developing high-resolution (i.e., 1km x 1km grid) climate maps from 1971 to 2020. The climate monitoring data are collected and synthesized from various sources and then used to develop high-resolution climate maps with state-of-the-art spatial interpolation methods. The error metrics results show that the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method performs the best for air temperature and precipitation and thus is used in this study. Significant temporal trends show that the annual mean temperature increased by 0.03 °C/year in western and eastern PEI, covering 62.75% of PEI area. Similarly, the annual precipitation has decreased by around 4.8 mm/year in Prince County and eastern parts of Queens and Kings counties, covering 62.81% of PEI area. In Growing season, temperature has increased by 0.05 °C/year, and precipitation is decreased by 2.1 mm/year in Prince County. This information illustrates the dynamics of temperature and precipitation toward the changing climate.
气候变化最近在加拿大引起了极大的关注。本研究通过制作1971 - 2020年高分辨率(即1km x 1km网格)气候图，研究了时空气温和降水变化。从各种来源收集和综合气候监测数据，然后利用最先进的空间插值方法制作高分辨率气候图。误差度量结果表明，逆距离加权(IDW)方法对气温和降水的测量效果最好，因此在本研究中采用了该方法。年平均气温上升幅度为0.03°C/年，覆盖PEI面积的62.75%。同样，普林斯县及皇后和国王县东部地区年降水量减少约4.8 mm/年，覆盖PEI面积的62.81%。生长季气温升高0.05°C/年，降水量减少2.1 mm/年。这些信息说明了温度和降水随气候变化的动态变化。
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Trends in Temperature and Precipitation for Prince Edward Island over 1971-2020","authors":"Rana Ali Nawaz, Xiuquan Wang, S. Basheer, Katie Sonier, Tianze Pang, T. Adekanmbi","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0186","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has been attracting significant attention in Canada lately. This study investigates spatiotemporal air temperature and precipitation changes by developing high-resolution (i.e., 1km x 1km grid) climate maps from 1971 to 2020. The climate monitoring data are collected and synthesized from various sources and then used to develop high-resolution climate maps with state-of-the-art spatial interpolation methods. The error metrics results show that the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method performs the best for air temperature and precipitation and thus is used in this study. Significant temporal trends show that the annual mean temperature increased by 0.03 °C/year in western and eastern PEI, covering 62.75% of PEI area. Similarly, the annual precipitation has decreased by around 4.8 mm/year in Prince County and eastern parts of Queens and Kings counties, covering 62.81% of PEI area. In Growing season, temperature has increased by 0.05 °C/year, and precipitation is decreased by 2.1 mm/year in Prince County. This information illustrates the dynamics of temperature and precipitation toward the changing climate.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82240976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Constructing on soft clay entails engineering challenges, such as significant volumetric changes; hence, stabilizing such problematic soil is essential. Since using lime in stabilizing soil is not recommended in some regions (e.g., Manitoba, Canada) due to some environmental concerns, there is a pressing need to explore suitable alternatives. This study investigates the efficiency of stabilizing soft clay using nano-modified cementitious binders (cement, slag, nano-silica), reinforced with a new class of fibers (basalt fiber pellets). The mechanical and durability properties of the mixtures have been tested in terms of California Bearing Ratio, compressive strength, unconsolidated-undrained triaxial stresses, and freezing-thawing resistance. Thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscope analyses were performed to interpret the bulk trends. The results showed significant improvement of soft clay specimens stabilized with the nano-modified cementitious binders and reinforced with the pellets. This demonstrates the potential of the proposed reinforced binders for field applications involving stabilization of soft soils.
{"title":"Nano-modified Cementitious Binders Reinforced with Basalt Fiber/Polymer Pellets as a Stabilizer for Weak Soils","authors":"Abdalla Eissa, A. Yasien, M. Bassuoni, M. Alfaro","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0099","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing on soft clay entails engineering challenges, such as significant volumetric changes; hence, stabilizing such problematic soil is essential. Since using lime in stabilizing soil is not recommended in some regions (e.g., Manitoba, Canada) due to some environmental concerns, there is a pressing need to explore suitable alternatives. This study investigates the efficiency of stabilizing soft clay using nano-modified cementitious binders (cement, slag, nano-silica), reinforced with a new class of fibers (basalt fiber pellets). The mechanical and durability properties of the mixtures have been tested in terms of California Bearing Ratio, compressive strength, unconsolidated-undrained triaxial stresses, and freezing-thawing resistance. Thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscope analyses were performed to interpret the bulk trends. The results showed significant improvement of soft clay specimens stabilized with the nano-modified cementitious binders and reinforced with the pellets. This demonstrates the potential of the proposed reinforced binders for field applications involving stabilization of soft soils.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86159732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents an innovative geostatistical approach; namely network regression kriging (NRK), for optimizing location-allocation of traffic counters within a road network. Long-term traffic observations for different road types are utilized by combining several semivariograms to better represent traffic behaviors. This location optimization problem minimizes the NRK estimation variance of traffic volumes via the simulated annealing algorithm. A real-world case study in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, was used to illustrate the distinct features of our proposed approach. The results suggest the generated traffic counters’ configurations can significantly improve the estimation accuracies. An effort was also made to reduce the number of traffic counters while maintaining the same estimation accuracies, and the result indicated potential equipment savings for up to 46.13%. The findings of this study imply the proposed approach could be used as a decision-support and performance evaluation tool for transportation authorities to deploy traffic counters and assess alternative deployment strategies.
{"title":"Location-Allocation Strategies for Traffic Counters – A Citywide Deployment","authors":"Mingjian Wu, T. Kwon","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2022-0463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0463","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an innovative geostatistical approach; namely network regression kriging (NRK), for optimizing location-allocation of traffic counters within a road network. Long-term traffic observations for different road types are utilized by combining several semivariograms to better represent traffic behaviors. This location optimization problem minimizes the NRK estimation variance of traffic volumes via the simulated annealing algorithm. A real-world case study in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, was used to illustrate the distinct features of our proposed approach. The results suggest the generated traffic counters’ configurations can significantly improve the estimation accuracies. An effort was also made to reduce the number of traffic counters while maintaining the same estimation accuracies, and the result indicated potential equipment savings for up to 46.13%. The findings of this study imply the proposed approach could be used as a decision-support and performance evaluation tool for transportation authorities to deploy traffic counters and assess alternative deployment strategies.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"433 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75786781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most of the old rural houses in Beijing are single-layer buildings with double-sloping roofs. Under an earthquake, the gable is prone to an outward tilt, and the structure is prone to collapse as a whole. In view of the structural characteristics of the existing rural houses in Beijing, a reinforcement technology is proposed, in which the embedded steel frame reinforcement is mainly used, supplemented by a steel plate strip reinforcement. A 1/4 masonry structure model is designed for a shaking table test. A full-scale model is established in a finite element simulation analysis. The results show that the longitudinal wall is seriously damaged, and the gable has a considerable outward inclination under earthquakes. However, owing to the reinforcement effect of the steel frame, the overall collapse of the structure is avoided. The steel strip can effectively restrain the outward inclination of the gable and ensure safety of personnel.
{"title":"Aseismic effect of old single-layer masonry agricultural house structure strengthened with embedded steel frame and steel strip","authors":"Bo Song, Chen Lu, Mansheng Wang, Heng Zhou","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2022-0253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0253","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the old rural houses in Beijing are single-layer buildings with double-sloping roofs. Under an earthquake, the gable is prone to an outward tilt, and the structure is prone to collapse as a whole. In view of the structural characteristics of the existing rural houses in Beijing, a reinforcement technology is proposed, in which the embedded steel frame reinforcement is mainly used, supplemented by a steel plate strip reinforcement. A 1/4 masonry structure model is designed for a shaking table test. A full-scale model is established in a finite element simulation analysis. The results show that the longitudinal wall is seriously damaged, and the gable has a considerable outward inclination under earthquakes. However, owing to the reinforcement effect of the steel frame, the overall collapse of the structure is avoided. The steel strip can effectively restrain the outward inclination of the gable and ensure safety of personnel.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78163497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aida da Silva, Linjun Lu, Zhenhua Zhu, Linbing Wang, Fei Dai
Tack coat is a thin asphalt applied between the existing surface and asphalt overlay during road rehabilitation. Its coverage uniformity is vital in providing adhesive bonding between the two layers in the structure. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic uniformity inspection of tack coat coverage using images collected by drones. In this method, color thresholding is first performed to extract coarse region of the tack coat. Then, the boundaries of the tack coat are detected to refine the tack coat region by masking outliers. Next, the region of interest is processed to extract texture features using gray level co-occurrence (GLCM). Finally, the texture features are leveraged to grade the tack coat uniformity level using LightGBM. Experiments were conducted to examine the performance of the method. The resulting accuracy signifies the potential of this method in developing high-efficient and cost-effective solutions to enhance the current tack coat inspection practice.
{"title":"Uniformity Inspection of Tack Coats Through Measurement Conducted on Drone-Collected Images","authors":"Aida da Silva, Linjun Lu, Zhenhua Zhu, Linbing Wang, Fei Dai","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0106","url":null,"abstract":"Tack coat is a thin asphalt applied between the existing surface and asphalt overlay during road rehabilitation. Its coverage uniformity is vital in providing adhesive bonding between the two layers in the structure. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic uniformity inspection of tack coat coverage using images collected by drones. In this method, color thresholding is first performed to extract coarse region of the tack coat. Then, the boundaries of the tack coat are detected to refine the tack coat region by masking outliers. Next, the region of interest is processed to extract texture features using gray level co-occurrence (GLCM). Finally, the texture features are leveraged to grade the tack coat uniformity level using LightGBM. Experiments were conducted to examine the performance of the method. The resulting accuracy signifies the potential of this method in developing high-efficient and cost-effective solutions to enhance the current tack coat inspection practice.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77690981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bridge infrastructure assets should be planned, designed, constructed, and operated to account for the physical processes that may occur over their service lives. In ice-affected rivers, this includes the interaction of bridge infrastructure with river ice. Advancements in river-ice science and modelling of ice processes in ice-covered rivers has enhanced the abilities of civil / hydrotechnical engineers to plan, design, and construct bridges in and along rivers with seasonal ice covers. In this paper, an overview is presented of ice-related considerations with respect to bridges. The bottom-chord elevation of the bridge superstructure with respect to water and ice levels, pier design to withstand ice forces, the waterway opening for ice passage, ice-induced scour, and research needs are discussed. However, as outlined in the paper, research on ice loads and passage at bridge sites, and on hydroclimatic and ice conditions that led to bridge damage and failure remains needed.
{"title":"Considerations in the Planning and Design of Bridges in Ice-Affected Rivers: A Review","authors":"B. Burrell, G. Comfort, S. Beltaos","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Bridge infrastructure assets should be planned, designed, constructed, and operated to account for the physical processes that may occur over their service lives. In ice-affected rivers, this includes the interaction of bridge infrastructure with river ice. Advancements in river-ice science and modelling of ice processes in ice-covered rivers has enhanced the abilities of civil / hydrotechnical engineers to plan, design, and construct bridges in and along rivers with seasonal ice covers. In this paper, an overview is presented of ice-related considerations with respect to bridges. The bottom-chord elevation of the bridge superstructure with respect to water and ice levels, pier design to withstand ice forces, the waterway opening for ice passage, ice-induced scour, and research needs are discussed. However, as outlined in the paper, research on ice loads and passage at bridge sites, and on hydroclimatic and ice conditions that led to bridge damage and failure remains needed.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"10 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86434913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tadros R. Ghobrial, Amandine Pierre, S. Boyd, Mark R. Loewen
The blockage of water intakes by ice is recurrent in northern rivers during winter. Previous field studies have monitored field conditions leading to ice blockage and provided a review of mitigations methods. However, to improve the efficacy of these measures, the mechanisms that create the blockage need to be locally measured. For this purpose, a field campaign was implemented to monitor a water intake on the Mille-Iles River at Terrebonne, Quebec, during the winter of 2020-2021. Results from this study showed that ice accumulation on the trash rack had an average growth rate of 1.35 cm/hr and reached a maximum thickness of 24 cm. The release rate of these trash rack accumulation events was on average 1.8 cm/hr, which is 30% faster than the deposition rate. A minimum cumulative degree minutes of supercooling of 4.5 °C.min was required for the start of a trash rack ice accumulation event.
{"title":"Ice accumulation at a water intake: a case study on the Mille-Iles River, Québec","authors":"Tadros R. Ghobrial, Amandine Pierre, S. Boyd, Mark R. Loewen","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0076","url":null,"abstract":"The blockage of water intakes by ice is recurrent in northern rivers during winter. Previous field studies have monitored field conditions leading to ice blockage and provided a review of mitigations methods. However, to improve the efficacy of these measures, the mechanisms that create the blockage need to be locally measured. For this purpose, a field campaign was implemented to monitor a water intake on the Mille-Iles River at Terrebonne, Quebec, during the winter of 2020-2021. Results from this study showed that ice accumulation on the trash rack had an average growth rate of 1.35 cm/hr and reached a maximum thickness of 24 cm. The release rate of these trash rack accumulation events was on average 1.8 cm/hr, which is 30% faster than the deposition rate. A minimum cumulative degree minutes of supercooling of 4.5 °C.min was required for the start of a trash rack ice accumulation event.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81557171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, culverts and other stream crossings must be designed to ensure fish passage. The effects of ice processes on these fish passage designs have never been assessed. This study is the first to document ice processes on two different types of fish passage designs (streambed simulation and baffle). The results of a two-year field monitoring campaign showed that the culvert simulating the streambed retains a natural ice regime, i.e., both freeze-up and break-up occurred concurrently with the rest of the stream, while multiple supercooling events were recorded under a thin ice cover. As for the culvert with baffles, it was observed that the ice cover formed earlier and stayed longer in the culvert which can create a barrier for fish transiting through them.
{"title":"Ice processes in culverts with two fish passage designs: a case study in southern Quebec","authors":"Jean Ladouceur, Tadros R. Ghobrial","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0088","url":null,"abstract":"According to Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, culverts and other stream crossings must be designed to ensure fish passage. The effects of ice processes on these fish passage designs have never been assessed. This study is the first to document ice processes on two different types of fish passage designs (streambed simulation and baffle). The results of a two-year field monitoring campaign showed that the culvert simulating the streambed retains a natural ice regime, i.e., both freeze-up and break-up occurred concurrently with the rest of the stream, while multiple supercooling events were recorded under a thin ice cover. As for the culvert with baffles, it was observed that the ice cover formed earlier and stayed longer in the culvert which can create a barrier for fish transiting through them.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74992399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ice jams in the Grasse River have caused the erosion of capping material designed to prevent the resurfacing of the bed sediment in the PCB-contaminated area. Two in-stream ice-control structures are proposed to avoid the jam-induced erosion of the capping material. These two ice-control options are a pier-type ice-control structure and a reconstruction of a small hydropower dam upstream of the capping site. A numerical model study using the DynaRICE model is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed design. Flow and ice conditions corresponding to the 100-year return period of ice jam events obtained from analyzing historical breakup ice jam data are used in the evaluation. The results showed that these ice-control structures could reduce the ice discharge downstream and the size of the ice jam at the capping site to prevent the erosion and scour of the PCB-contaminated bed.
{"title":"A Numerical Model Study on Grasse River Ice Control Structures","authors":"T. Kolerski, H. T. Shen","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2023-0047","url":null,"abstract":"Ice jams in the Grasse River have caused the erosion of capping material designed to prevent the resurfacing of the bed sediment in the PCB-contaminated area. Two in-stream ice-control structures are proposed to avoid the jam-induced erosion of the capping material. These two ice-control options are a pier-type ice-control structure and a reconstruction of a small hydropower dam upstream of the capping site. A numerical model study using the DynaRICE model is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed design. Flow and ice conditions corresponding to the 100-year return period of ice jam events obtained from analyzing historical breakup ice jam data are used in the evaluation. The results showed that these ice-control structures could reduce the ice discharge downstream and the size of the ice jam at the capping site to prevent the erosion and scour of the PCB-contaminated bed.","PeriodicalId":9414,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90259749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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