Resuscitation plus最新文献

{"title":"Differential biventricular responses to VA-ECMO flow ramping after cardiac arrest: establishment of a preclinical ECPR model with PV loop monitoring","authors":"Clark G. Owyang , Felipe Teran , Aaron Landau , Caleb Suh , Joshua M. Satalin , Daniel Lopez , Bruce Searles , Maryam Nejatollahi , Supaporn Kulthinee , Andrea King , Robert Finkelstein , David Berlin , Manuel Martin-Flores , Paul M. Heerdt , Joaquin Araos","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tubastatin A alleviates post-resuscitation myocardial damage possibly via inhibiting GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and MLKL-mediated necroptosis in a porcine model of cardiac arrest","authors":"Linjie Lai ,&nbsp;Yuanhua Fang ,&nbsp;Lutao Xie ,&nbsp;Xue Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiefeng Xu ,&nbsp;Pin Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Global ischemia reperfusion (I/R) stimulation induced by cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) triggers multiple forms of programmed cell death including pyroptosis and necroptosis, and further results in post-resuscitation myocardial damage. Recently, a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 activity, tubastatin A (TubA) was preliminarily shown to protect the heart against global and regional I/R stimulation. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of TubA on post-resuscitation myocardial pyroptosis and necroptosis in a porcine model of CA and resuscitation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 18 pigs were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups (<em>n</em> = 6 each): Sham group, CA/CPR group, and CA/CPR + TubA group. The setting of 9 min of CA and 6 min of CPR was used to establish the porcine model of CA and resuscitation. A dose of 4.5 mg/kg of TubA was intravenously infused within 1 h after successful resuscitation. Myocardial function including stroke volume and global ejection fraction, and cardiac injury biomarkers including cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase-MB were regularly evaluated for 24 h after resuscitation. Thereafter, the pigs were euthanized, and myocardial tissues were harvested to evaluate the ratio of cell apoptosis, the contents of high mobility group box 1, IL-1β, and IL-18, and the expression levels of caspase 3, gasdermin E (GSDME), GSDME N-terminal (GSDME-N), receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1), RIP3, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), and phosphorylated MLKL (p-MLKL).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After resuscitation, stroke volume and global ejection fraction were significantly decreased while serum cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase-MB were significantly increased in the two groups experiencing the CA/CPR procedure compared with the Sham group. However, myocardial dysfunction and cardiac injury were significantly milder in the CA/CPR + TubA group than in the CA/CPR group. At 24 h after resuscitation, apoptosis ratio, pyroptosis-related proteins (caspase 3, GSDME, GSDME-N), necroptosis-related proteins (RIP1, RIP3, MLKL, p-MLKL), and proinflammatory cytokines (high mobility group box 1, IL-1β, IL-18) in myocardium were significantly increased in the CA/CPR and CA/CPR + TubA groups compared with the Sham group. Nevertheless, all of them were significantly decreased in those pigs treated with the TubA compared to the CA/CPR group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TubA could effectively alleviate post-resuscitation myocardial damage in a porcine model of CA and resuscitation, in which the protective role was possibly related to the inhibition of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and MLKL-mediated necroptosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-arrest therapeutic hypothermia with combined helium-mixed gas and cold fluid infusion significantly augments brain cooling efficiency: An experimental study in pigs","authors":"Atsushi Sakurai ,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Kato ,&nbsp;Haruka Uki ,&nbsp;Kana Yagi ,&nbsp;Atsushi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Machi Atarashi ,&nbsp;Kosaku Kinoshita","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to develop a more efficient method for intra-arrest therapeutic hypothermia (IATH) and demonstrate its usefulness in cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The following experiments were performed in pigs while measuring the brain temperature, introducing cardiac arrest, and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In experiment 1, the use of helium gas mixtures in cardiac arrest intra-arrest lung cooling (IALC) increased brain cooling efficiency. When the IATH method was performed by adding cold fluid infusion to IALC, a decrease in brain temperature of approximately 0.8 °C within 10 min was observed. In experiment 2, cerebral microdialysis (CMD) during the IATH method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation showed a slight elevation of glutamate and significantly lower glutamate levels than those in the normally resuscitated group. Finally, the IATH method achieved return of spontaneous circulation equivalent to conventional resuscitation involving adrenaline administration and number of defibrillation attempts, without a statistically significant difference between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The IATH method with IALC using a helium gas mixture and cold fluid infusion rapidly decreased brain temperature by approximately 0.8 °C within 10 min after the start of resuscitation. CMD with IATH showed no increase in glutamate levels, suggesting a possible cerebroprotective effect, and cardiac resuscitation could be performed without complications. These facts suggest that this IATH method of rapidly decreasing brain temperature may be more effective for mitigating post-CA brain injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proportion of cardiac arrest survival and “Do Not Attempt Resuscitation” among patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a regional referral hospital in Bhutan: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Thinley Dorji ,&nbsp;Sangay Tenzin ,&nbsp;Tenzin Choden ,&nbsp;Lok Bahadur Ghalley ,&nbsp;Sangay Wangmo ,&nbsp;Thai Wangmo ,&nbsp;Sangay Wangchuk ,&nbsp;Kesang Namgyal","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study describes the proportions of Intensive Care Unit-Cardiac Arrest, Return of Spontaneous Circulation events, Do Not Attempt Resuscitation orders, outcome of hospital admission and the neurological performance at discharge from the hospital among patients admitted at the Adult Intensive Care Unit at a regional referral hospital in Bhutan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional study among patients admitted at the Adult Intensive Care Unit, Central Regional Referral Hospital, Bhutan between 2021 and 2023. The data were extracted from the hospital records into a structured pro forma.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 287 patients were analysed; four (1.4 %) had out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and 29 (10.1 %) had prior in-hospital cardiac arrest. There were 155 patients (54.0 %) who suffered Intensive Care Unit-Cardiac Arrest. In the first event of Intensive Care Unit-Cardiac Arrest, the proportion of Return of Spontaneous Circulation was 23.9 %. The most common electrical rhythm recorded during Intensive Care Unit-Cardiac Arrest was asystole. The overall mortality was 51.2 % (147 deaths) which included all four patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (mortality 100.0 %) and 22 of those with prior in-hospital cardiac arrest (mortality 75.9 %). Do Not Attempt Resuscitation was signed in 57 patients (19.9 %). The Good Outcome Following Attempted Resuscitation score provides an indication on good neurological status on discharge, c statistic 0.823 (95 % CI 0.706–0.940).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Return of Spontaneous Circulation was achieved one out of four Intensive Care Unit-Cardiac Arrest events. One-fifth of patients in the Intensive Care Unit were under Do Not Attempt Resuscitation orders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Utstein accuracy: concordance of bystander CPR reporting by paramedic documentation vs. telecommunicator audio review","authors":"Helen N. Palatinus ,&nbsp;Ashlynn A. Felker ,&nbsp;Tate Colton ,&nbsp;Graham Brant-Zawadzki ,&nbsp;Scott T. Youngquist","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. While registries typically rely on patient care reports for bystander CPR documentation, the accuracy of reporting is unknown. This study aimed to determine the agreement in bystander CPR reporting between patient care reports and audio review of public safety answering point emergency calls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study, we analyzed paired patient care reports and dispatch audio files for bystander CPR documentation. Cases dispatched by a secondary public safety answering point, emergency medical services-witnessed arrests, or those with missing data were excluded. We compared documented rates of bystander CPR from each source, calculated inter-rater agreement, and identified factors associated with reporting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The concurrence in reporting was 72.2 %, with a moderate inter-rater agreement between the two methods (κ = 0.402, 95 % CI 0.341–0.463). Audio review documented higher bystander CPR than patient care reports (74.8 % vs. 57.0 %). An initial shockable rhythm (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.68, 95 % CI 1.18–2.40 in patient care reports; aOR 1.57, 95 % CI 1.04–2.36 in audio files) and advanced life support unit first on scene (aOR 1.55, 95 % CI 1.15–2.07 in patient care reports; aOR 1.51, 95 % CI 1.08–2.11 in audio files) were associated with higher documentation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found moderate agreement in bystander CPR documentation between audio files and patient care reports, with a higher incidence of bystander CPR recorded in dispatch audio. These findings suggest inconsistencies in bystander CPR documentation across the emergency response system, highlighting the need for standardized reporting to ensure accurate data collection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramuscular epinephrine in cardiac arrest: A systematic review","authors":"Reem Alshaikh ,&nbsp;Adeel Sheikh ,&nbsp;Courtney Fleming ,&nbsp;Facundo Garcia-Bournissen ,&nbsp;Janice A. Tijssen","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Epinephrine administered by intravenous (IV) or intraosseous (IO) route is the first-line medication for cardiac arrest and is associated with improved survival. Intramuscular (IM) epinephrine is currently not indicated for cardiac arrest but may be faster and easier to administer and may result in improved patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate the evidence for IM epinephrine compared to IV or IO epinephrine in, and animals with cardiac arrest.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021259729). Databases were searched for studies comparing IV, IO, and IM epinephrine administration in cardiac arrest up to June 2, 2025. Studies in children, adults, and animals with cardiac arrest were included. Studies involving neonates and unpublished studies (such as conference abstracts and trial protocols) were excluded. Two investigators reviewed studies for relevance, extracted data and assessed bias of individual studies using the ROBINS-I and OHAT tools. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE methodology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One observational adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) study, five animal studies, and one narrative review were included. For all studies, the risk of bias was moderate and certainty of evidence was low. In the one human before-and-after study of 1405 adults with OHCA, IM epinephrine was associated with improved survival (11.0 % vs 7.0 %; aOR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.10–2.71) and neurologically favourable survival (9.8 % vs 6.2 %; aOR, 1.72, 95 % CI 1.07–2.76) compared to IV/IO epinephrine. Animal studies in both adults and children had heterogeneous methods and results were mixed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A limited number of studies have compared IM epinephrine to IV/IO or no epinephrine in cardiac arrest, including one human trial which showed improved neurological survival for IM epinephrine. Further studies, particularly randomized controlled trials in humans, to explore IM epinephrine for cardiac arrest are justified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of introduction of an integrated electronic medical record system with semi-automated multi-trigger MET alerts on utilisation of a paediatric RRS and patient outcome","authors":"Mili Shah ,&nbsp;Casey Fowler ,&nbsp;Farah Zahir ,&nbsp;Jason Acworth","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Queensland Children’s Hospital (QCH) uses the Children’s Early Warning Tool (CEWT) to identify deterioration and recommend actions such as Medical Emergency Team (MET) activation. In April 2018, QCH implemented an integrated electronic medical record (ieMR) for calculating CEWT scores and a semi-automated trigger system for rapid response system (RRS) activation. This offered a mechanism to decrease obstacles to RRS activation but raised concerns of reduced clinician decision-making and increased unnecessary MET involvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>RRS activations from May 2016 to April 2020 were included. Pre- and post-intervention measures included MET dose, hospital mortality rate, in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) rate, and unplanned paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission rates. Descriptive statistics and interrupted time series (ITS) with segmental regression assessed trends and intervention impact.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective was to assess changes in RRS activation frequency two years before and after implementation. Secondary objectives included assessing clinical outcomes: inpatient mortality rate and unplanned PICU admissions requiring emergency interventions within 6 h of transfer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1284 eligible RRS activations were recorded. Post-intervention: MET dose increased 20 % (8.33 versus 6.90, p &lt; 0.05), mean ward mortality rate decreased 52 % (0.16 versus 0.33, p &lt; 0.05), and unplanned PICU admission rate (non-MET) decreased 15 % (3.42 versus 4.03, p &lt; 0.05). IHCA rate, frequency of unplanned PICU admission (post-MET), or rates of emergency intervention within 6 h of PICU admission demonstrated no significant changes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The semi-automated trigger for RRS activation suggested an effect of decreasing obstacles to RRS activation without associated with extra “unnecessary work” or delays in activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jugular bulb venous to arterial carbon dioxide gradient is associated with treatment-responsive phenotypes of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury","authors":"Laura Faiver ,&nbsp;Hernando Gomez ,&nbsp;Patrick J. Coppler ,&nbsp;Jonathan Tam ,&nbsp;Cecelia R. Ratay ,&nbsp;Byron C. Drumheller ,&nbsp;Jonathan Elmer","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The difference between the jugular bulb venous and arterial carbon dioxide (CO₂) tension, the cerebral pCO₂ gap, is a marker of global tissue perfusion and can be affected by various mechanisms that underlie hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI). We hypothesized the CO₂ gap and SjvO₂ together could identify treatment responsive pathophysiology among those with abnormally elevated SjvO₂.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study including post-arrest patients, we quantified the relationship between pCO₂ gap and SjvO₂ using hierarchical regression. Among patients with elevated SjvO₂, we assessed whether pCO₂ gap predicted response to treatment with hyperosmolar therapy using an interaction between time, treatment, and pCO₂ gap. We assessed the association between pCO₂ gap and indicators of HIBI using mixed regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 109 patients included, pCO₂ gap was lower among patients with normal (β = −4.3; 95 % CI, −5.6 to −3.1) or high SjvO₂ (β = −7.8; 95 % CI, −9.1 to −6.6) compared to low SjvO₂. In our interaction model, treatment with hyperosmolar therapy was associated with a 14.4 mmHg decrease in SjvO₂ (95 % CI, −18.4 to −10.3) among those with a high pCO₂ gap, but not those with normal pCO₂ gap. pCO₂ gap was significantly lower among patients with burst-suppression with identical bursts compared to those without (β = −1.8; 95 % CI, −2.8 to −0.9).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>When interpreted with SjvO₂, the cerebral pCO₂ gap may uncover covert cerebral dysfunction, and can identify treatment-responsive causes of elevated SjvO₂. Thus, the pCO₂ gap may be a useful adjunct for phenotyping HIBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: On the “2-minute rule”","authors":"Guillaume Debaty ,&nbsp;Emma Menant ,&nbsp;Xavier Jouven","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of public CPR kiosks on bystander CPR rates in Northern Ontario","authors":"Robert Ohle,&nbsp;Sarah M. McIsaac","doi":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resplu.2025.101150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94192,"journal":{"name":"Resuscitation plus","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}