T. V. Forgerini, J. F. Ribeiro, R. Rocha, F. Soares, T. Lenzi
PURPOSE To assess the immediate and six-month microshear bond strength (µSBS) of a universal adhesive applied using different etching strategies on sound and eroded dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty bovine incisors were polished to obtain flat buccal dentin. Forty teeth were submitted to a pH-cycling model to simulate artificial erosion (3x/day cola drink for 7 days). Teeth from both dentin conditions (sound and eroded) were randomly assigned to four groups according to the adhesive and etching approach: a universal adhesive in self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive), and as controls a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper Single Bond Plus), and a two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond). Four composite restorations (Z250) were built up on each dentin surface, using the area delimitation technique. Half of the specimens were evaluated in the µSBS test after 24 h of water storage, and the other half were evaluated six months later. Data (MPa) were analyzed with three-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The µSBS values of all adhesives significantly decreased after six months of aging (p = 0.01). Lower µSBS values were obtained in eroded dentin (p = 0.04). The universal adhesive showed similar µSBS to the self-etch adhesive used as control, irrespective of the etching strategy. However, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive applied in self-etch mode performed better than the control etch-and-rinse adhesive (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION The universal adhesive does not provide the same bonding efficacy on eroded dentin as on sound dentin, and its performance does not depend on the etching mode.
目的研究一种通用胶粘剂不同蚀刻策略对健康牙本质和侵蚀牙本质的即时和六个月微剪切粘接强度(µSBS)。材料与方法对80只牛切牙进行磨光处理，获得平整的牙本质。将40颗牙齿放入ph循环模型中模拟人工侵蚀(每天喝3次可乐，持续7 天)。根据粘接和蚀刻方法，两种牙质状态(健全和侵蚀)的牙齿随机分为四组:一种是自蚀刻和蚀刻-冲洗模式的通用粘合剂(Scotchbond universal adhesive)，另一种是两步蚀刻-冲洗粘合剂(Adper Single Bond Plus)，另一种是两步自蚀刻粘合剂(Clearfil SE Bond)。采用面积划分技术，在每个牙本质表面建立4个复合修复体(Z250)。一半的标本在24 h的水储存后进行µSBS测试，另一半在6个月后进行评估。数据(MPa)采用三向重复测量方差分析和Tukey事后检验(α = 0.05)。结果6个月后，各胶粘剂的µSBS值均显著降低(p = 0.01)。侵蚀牙本质的µSBS值较低(p = 0.04)。无论蚀刻策略如何，通用胶粘剂表现出与自蚀刻胶粘剂相似的µSBS。然而，在自蚀刻模式下应用的Scotchbond通用粘合剂比对照蚀刻-冲洗粘合剂表现更好(p = 0.02)。结论通用胶粘剂对侵蚀牙本质的粘接效果不如对健全牙本质的粘接效果，其粘接效果与腐蚀方式无关。
{"title":"Role of Etching Mode on Bonding Longevity of a Universal Adhesive to Eroded Dentin.","authors":"T. V. Forgerini, J. F. Ribeiro, R. Rocha, F. Soares, T. Lenzi","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37723","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To assess the immediate and six-month microshear bond strength (µSBS) of a universal adhesive applied using different etching strategies on sound and eroded dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty bovine incisors were polished to obtain flat buccal dentin. Forty teeth were submitted to a pH-cycling model to simulate artificial erosion (3x/day cola drink for 7 days). Teeth from both dentin conditions (sound and eroded) were randomly assigned to four groups according to the adhesive and etching approach: a universal adhesive in self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive), and as controls a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper Single Bond Plus), and a two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond). Four composite restorations (Z250) were built up on each dentin surface, using the area delimitation technique. Half of the specimens were evaluated in the µSBS test after 24 h of water storage, and the other half were evaluated six months later. Data (MPa) were analyzed with three-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The µSBS values of all adhesives significantly decreased after six months of aging (p = 0.01). Lower µSBS values were obtained in eroded dentin (p = 0.04). The universal adhesive showed similar µSBS to the self-etch adhesive used as control, irrespective of the etching strategy. However, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive applied in self-etch mode performed better than the control etch-and-rinse adhesive (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION The universal adhesive does not provide the same bonding efficacy on eroded dentin as on sound dentin, and its performance does not depend on the etching mode.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"11 1","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84269908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kento Sato, K. Hosaka, Masahiro Takahashi, M. Ikeda, F. Tian, W. Komada, M. Nakajima, R. Foxton, Y. Nishitani, D. Pashley, J. Tagami
PURPOSE To evaluate (1) the initial and long-term microtensile bond strengths of two-step self-etch adhesives with different degrees of conversion (DC); (2) the elastic modulus of the respective adhesive resins; (3) the water sorption of the respective adhesive resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two two-step self-etch adhesives, Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and Clearfil SE Bond 2 (CSE2) were used in this study. The DC was determined using ATR/FT-IR with a time-based spectrum analysis. Midcoronal flat dentin surfaces of 24 human molars were prepared with 600-grit SiC paper for microtensile bond strength (µTBS) testing. CSE and CSE2 were applied to the dentin surfaces according to the manufacturer's instructions, followed by composite buildups. The µTBS was measured after water storage for 24 h, 6 months, and 1 year. The elastic modulus (before and after 1 month of water immersion) was determined by the three-point flexural bending test and water sorption values by the water sorption test. RESULTS CSE2 showed significantly higher DC than CSE. The µTBS of CSE2 was significantly higher than that of CSE in all water storage periods. One-year water storage decreased the µTBS of CSE; however, it did not decrease that of CSE2. Regarding the polymerized adhesive resins, the elastic modulus of CSE2 was significantly higher than that of CSE before and after water immersion (p < 0.001), and the water sorption of CSE was higher than that of CSE2. CONCLUSIONS The higher DC of adhesive resins of two-step self-etch adhesives resists water aging and improves the initial bond strengths and durability of the resin-dentin bond.
目的评价(1)不同转化度的两步自蚀刻胶粘剂(DC)的初始和长期微拉伸粘结强度;(2)所粘接树脂的弹性模量;(3)各自胶粘剂树脂的吸水性。材料与方法采用Clearfil SE Bond (CSE)和Clearfil SE Bond 2 (CSE2)两种两步自蚀刻胶粘剂。使用ATR/FT-IR和基于时间的光谱分析来确定DC。采用600粒度SiC纸制备24颗人磨牙中冠牙本质平面，进行微拉伸粘结强度(µTBS)测试。根据制造商的说明将CSE和CSE2应用于牙本质表面，然后进行复合堆积。在水储存24小时、6个月和1年后测量µTBS。弹性模量(浸水1个月前和1个月后)通过三点弯曲试验确定，吸水值通过吸水试验确定。结果scse2的DC明显高于CSE。在所有蓄水期，CSE2的µTBS均显著高于CSE。1年的水储存降低了CSE的µTBS;但对CSE2的影响不明显。对于聚合胶粘剂树脂，CSE2的弹性模量显著高于CSE2浸泡前后的弹性模量(p < 0.001)，且CSE2的吸水性高于CSE2。结论两步自蚀刻胶粘剂具有较高的粘接树脂DC，抗水老化，提高了树脂-牙本质的初始粘接强度和耐久性。
{"title":"Dentin Bonding Durability of Two-step Self-etch Adhesives with Improved of Degree of Conversion of Adhesive Resins.","authors":"Kento Sato, K. Hosaka, Masahiro Takahashi, M. Ikeda, F. Tian, W. Komada, M. Nakajima, R. Foxton, Y. Nishitani, D. Pashley, J. Tagami","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37726","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To evaluate (1) the initial and long-term microtensile bond strengths of two-step self-etch adhesives with different degrees of conversion (DC); (2) the elastic modulus of the respective adhesive resins; (3) the water sorption of the respective adhesive resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two two-step self-etch adhesives, Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and Clearfil SE Bond 2 (CSE2) were used in this study. The DC was determined using ATR/FT-IR with a time-based spectrum analysis. Midcoronal flat dentin surfaces of 24 human molars were prepared with 600-grit SiC paper for microtensile bond strength (µTBS) testing. CSE and CSE2 were applied to the dentin surfaces according to the manufacturer's instructions, followed by composite buildups. The µTBS was measured after water storage for 24 h, 6 months, and 1 year. The elastic modulus (before and after 1 month of water immersion) was determined by the three-point flexural bending test and water sorption values by the water sorption test. RESULTS CSE2 showed significantly higher DC than CSE. The µTBS of CSE2 was significantly higher than that of CSE in all water storage periods. One-year water storage decreased the µTBS of CSE; however, it did not decrease that of CSE2. Regarding the polymerized adhesive resins, the elastic modulus of CSE2 was significantly higher than that of CSE before and after water immersion (p < 0.001), and the water sorption of CSE was higher than that of CSE2. CONCLUSIONS The higher DC of adhesive resins of two-step self-etch adhesives resists water aging and improves the initial bond strengths and durability of the resin-dentin bond.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"22 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79537631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. R. Reis, F. P. Silva, A. Oliveira-Ogliari, A. Faria-E-Silva, R. Moraes, V. R. Novais, M. Menezes
PURPOSE To determine whether an experimental thermally deposited siloxane-methacrylate coating for use in industrial scale applications would improve the bond strength of resin-based materials to glass fiber posts (GFPs) without affecting their mechanical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental 5% (w/v) solution of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane was prepared. Two types of GFPs (Exacto, Angelus; White Post DC, FGM) were divided into the following groups: S: silane; SA: silane and adhesive; HS: 35% H₂O₂ and silane; HSA: 35% H₂O₂, silane and adhesive; Exp: siloxane-methacrylate coating (Si-O) via post immersion in experimental solution followed by heating; Exp-S: silane after Si-O treatment; Exp-A: adhesive after Si-O treatment; and Exp-SA: silane and adhesive after Si-O treatment. The posts were positioned in a mold to allow insertion of a dual-curing resin core, serially sectioned into beams, and subjected to microtensile bond strength (μTSB) testing. The three-point bending test and SEM/EDX analysis were used to assess the mechanical and surface properties of untreated GFPs that were etched with H₂O₂ or treated with Si-O. RESULTS Surface treatments affected the μTSB only for the Exacto GFPs. The highest μTBS (MPa) was observed in Exp-S and Exp-SA groups, whereas H₂O₂ etching resulted in intermediate values. The mechanical properties were not affected by surface treatments. Exacto GFPs had significantly higher flexural strength (σf) and flexural modulus (Ef) than did the White Post DC GFPs, but the latter were significantly stiffer (S) than Exacto, regardless of the surface treatment tested. H₂O₂ promoted morphological changes in post surfaces. The experimental treatment promoted deposition of Si onto the post surface, improving bond strengths of Exacto posts. CONCLUSION The proposed novel coating technique is a viable procedure for fiber post manufacturers to improve the μTSB of resin-based materials.
目的确定用于工业规模应用的实验性热沉积硅氧烷-甲基丙烯酸酯涂层是否能提高树脂基材料与玻璃纤维桩(gfp)的结合强度而不影响其机械性能。材料与方法制备了5% (w/v)的甲基丙烯氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷实验溶液。两种类型的gfp (Exacto, Angelus;白柱DC，女性生殖器切割)分为以下组:S:硅烷;SA:硅烷和胶粘剂;HS: 35% h2o2和硅烷;HSA: 35% H₂O₂，硅烷和粘合剂;实验:硅氧烷-甲基丙烯酸酯涂层(Si-O)后浸在实验溶液中加热;Exp-S: Si-O处理后的硅烷;Exp-A: Si-O处理后的胶粘剂;Exp-SA: Si-O处理后的硅烷和胶粘剂。这些桩被放置在一个模具中，允许插入双固化树脂芯，连续分割成梁，并进行微拉伸粘结强度(μTSB)测试。采用三点弯曲试验和SEM/EDX分析来评估未经处理的GFPs的力学和表面性能，这些GFPs分别用h2o蚀刻或Si-O处理。结果表面处理仅对Exacto gfp的μTSB有影响。Exp-S组和Exp-SA组的μTBS (MPa)最高，而H₂O₂腐蚀的μTBS (MPa)为中间值。表面处理对材料的力学性能没有影响。Exacto gfp的抗弯强度(σf)和抗弯模量(Ef)显著高于White Post DC gfp，但后者的刚度(S)显著高于Exacto。H₂O₂促进了桩表面的形态变化。实验处理促进了硅在柱表面的沉积，提高了Exacto柱的结合强度。结论本文提出的新型涂层技术是提高树脂基材料μTSB的可行方法。
{"title":"An Experimental Thermally Deposited Coating for Improved Bonding to Glass-fiber Posts.","authors":"G. R. Reis, F. P. Silva, A. Oliveira-Ogliari, A. Faria-E-Silva, R. Moraes, V. R. Novais, M. Menezes","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37725","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To determine whether an experimental thermally deposited siloxane-methacrylate coating for use in industrial scale applications would improve the bond strength of resin-based materials to glass fiber posts (GFPs) without affecting their mechanical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental 5% (w/v) solution of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane was prepared. Two types of GFPs (Exacto, Angelus; White Post DC, FGM) were divided into the following groups: S: silane; SA: silane and adhesive; HS: 35% H₂O₂ and silane; HSA: 35% H₂O₂, silane and adhesive; Exp: siloxane-methacrylate coating (Si-O) via post immersion in experimental solution followed by heating; Exp-S: silane after Si-O treatment; Exp-A: adhesive after Si-O treatment; and Exp-SA: silane and adhesive after Si-O treatment. The posts were positioned in a mold to allow insertion of a dual-curing resin core, serially sectioned into beams, and subjected to microtensile bond strength (μTSB) testing. The three-point bending test and SEM/EDX analysis were used to assess the mechanical and surface properties of untreated GFPs that were etched with H₂O₂ or treated with Si-O. RESULTS Surface treatments affected the μTSB only for the Exacto GFPs. The highest μTBS (MPa) was observed in Exp-S and Exp-SA groups, whereas H₂O₂ etching resulted in intermediate values. The mechanical properties were not affected by surface treatments. Exacto GFPs had significantly higher flexural strength (σf) and flexural modulus (Ef) than did the White Post DC GFPs, but the latter were significantly stiffer (S) than Exacto, regardless of the surface treatment tested. H₂O₂ promoted morphological changes in post surfaces. The experimental treatment promoted deposition of Si onto the post surface, improving bond strengths of Exacto posts. CONCLUSION The proposed novel coating technique is a viable procedure for fiber post manufacturers to improve the μTSB of resin-based materials.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"49-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83677830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Khan, A. A. A. Al Kheraif, S. Jamaluddin, Mohamad Elsharawy, D. Divakar
PURPOSE To evaluate the in vitro studies conducted in the last six years on new zirconia materials to discover and explore current trends in bonding composite cement to zirconia substrate. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in-depth review of the in vitro studies performed between 2010 and 2016 was conducted, focusing on the current trends in surface conditioning methods for zirconia ceramic. PubMed was used for searching the literature. Resin composite bonding to zirconia, zirconia surface coating, and zirconia surface treatment method were the keywords used. Complete scientific articles were reviewed and evaluated for appropriateness. RESULTS The literature survey showed a variety of surface treatment techniques comprising grit blasting (laboratory or chairside) with or without silica-coated alumina particles, the use of materials containing phosphate monomers, different silanes and primers, laser irradiation, Si vapor-phase deposition, and selective infiltration etching. CONCLUSIONS The problem of composite cement bonding to zirconia has yet to be definitively solved. Nevertheless, the application of phosphate monomer on tribochemically silica-coated zirconia surfaces is currently the least complicated and most efficaceous means of bonding composite cement to zirconia. Selective infiltration etching seems to be a promising technique for establishing a durable bond between composite cement and zirconia, and should be studied further.
{"title":"Recent Trends in Surface Treatment Methods for Bonding Composite Cement to Zirconia: A Reveiw.","authors":"A. Khan, A. A. A. Al Kheraif, S. Jamaluddin, Mohamad Elsharawy, D. Divakar","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37720","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To evaluate the in vitro studies conducted in the last six years on new zirconia materials to discover and explore current trends in bonding composite cement to zirconia substrate. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in-depth review of the in vitro studies performed between 2010 and 2016 was conducted, focusing on the current trends in surface conditioning methods for zirconia ceramic. PubMed was used for searching the literature. Resin composite bonding to zirconia, zirconia surface coating, and zirconia surface treatment method were the keywords used. Complete scientific articles were reviewed and evaluated for appropriateness. RESULTS The literature survey showed a variety of surface treatment techniques comprising grit blasting (laboratory or chairside) with or without silica-coated alumina particles, the use of materials containing phosphate monomers, different silanes and primers, laser irradiation, Si vapor-phase deposition, and selective infiltration etching. CONCLUSIONS The problem of composite cement bonding to zirconia has yet to be definitively solved. Nevertheless, the application of phosphate monomer on tribochemically silica-coated zirconia surfaces is currently the least complicated and most efficaceous means of bonding composite cement to zirconia. Selective infiltration etching seems to be a promising technique for establishing a durable bond between composite cement and zirconia, and should be studied further.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"104 1","pages":"7-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76117243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of tribochemical silica coating and different 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing primers on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets to yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred ninety polished Y-TZP specimens were randomly assigned to 19 groups (n = 10): 30 specimens were used for surface analyses after polishing with 600-grit silicon carbide paper, airborneparticle abrasion with 50-μm alumina (A), or tribochemical silica coating (CoJet [C]); 160 specimens were used in SBS testing of orthodontic metal brackets to Y-TZP after alumina airborne-particle abrasion or tribochemical silica coating and application of either ESPE-Sil (S) (ASn, ASa, CSn, CSa), Alloy Primer (AP) (AAPn, AAPa, CAPn, CAPa), Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CP) (ACPn, ACPa, CCPn, CCPa), or Scotchbond Universal (U) (AUn, AUa, CUn, CUa) and either stored in water for 24 h (non-aged, n) or thermocycled 5000 times (aged, a). The surface analyses and SBSs were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's tests. RESULTS Both mechanically treated surfaces had significantly greater surface roughness and surface free energy than did the polished surfaces. The type of primer and aging significantly affected the bond strength. Among the thermocycled specimens, the AAPa, AUa, and CCPa groups showed the greatest SBS. CONCLUSION After alumina airborne-particle abrasion, the application of Alloy Primer, Clearfil Ceramic Primer, or Scotchbond Universal provided stable bonding to Y-TZP ceramics. After tribochemical silica coating, however, only Clearfil Ceramic Primer produced a durable bond to Y-TZP ceramics.
{"title":"Bond Strengths of Orthodontic Metal Brackets to Tribochemically Silica-coated Zirconia Surfaces Using Different 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl Dihydrogen Phosphate-containing Primers.","authors":"Na-Hyun Kim, Yoon-Ji Kim, Dong-Yul Lee","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37724","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of tribochemical silica coating and different 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing primers on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets to yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred ninety polished Y-TZP specimens were randomly assigned to 19 groups (n = 10): 30 specimens were used for surface analyses after polishing with 600-grit silicon carbide paper, airborneparticle abrasion with 50-μm alumina (A), or tribochemical silica coating (CoJet [C]); 160 specimens were used in SBS testing of orthodontic metal brackets to Y-TZP after alumina airborne-particle abrasion or tribochemical silica coating and application of either ESPE-Sil (S) (ASn, ASa, CSn, CSa), Alloy Primer (AP) (AAPn, AAPa, CAPn, CAPa), Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CP) (ACPn, ACPa, CCPn, CCPa), or Scotchbond Universal (U) (AUn, AUa, CUn, CUa) and either stored in water for 24 h (non-aged, n) or thermocycled 5000 times (aged, a). The surface analyses and SBSs were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's tests. RESULTS Both mechanically treated surfaces had significantly greater surface roughness and surface free energy than did the polished surfaces. The type of primer and aging significantly affected the bond strength. Among the thermocycled specimens, the AAPa, AUa, and CCPa groups showed the greatest SBS. CONCLUSION After alumina airborne-particle abrasion, the application of Alloy Primer, Clearfil Ceramic Primer, or Scotchbond Universal provided stable bonding to Y-TZP ceramics. After tribochemical silica coating, however, only Clearfil Ceramic Primer produced a durable bond to Y-TZP ceramics.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"27 1","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74349682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. F. Montagner, N. Opdam, J. de Munck, M. Cenci, B. Van Meerbeek, M. Huysmans
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of water storage and cyclic loading on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and fracture pattern of adhesives to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Midcoronal dentin surfaces (n = 36) were prepared and composite restorations were built up using two adhesives (self-etch and etch-and-rinse). The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the aging conditions (n = 6): 1. CONTROL storage in water for 24 h (CO); 2. water storage: storage in water for 6 months (WS); 3. mechanical loading: 750,000 mechanical cycles (ML) using the Rub&Roll loading device. Specimens were sections into beams and the μTBS was tested. Fracture patterns were analyzed using stereomicroscopy and fractographic analysis was performed using SEM. μTBS data (n = 53-72 specimens) were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. The chi-squared test was used to compare the distribution of failure modes (p < 0.05). RESULTS Aging conditions and adhesives significantly affected μTBS (p < 0.01). The CO group showed no difference between materials and had highest μTBS. After WS, the self-etch adhesive showed higher μTBS than did the etchand- rinse adhesive. ML resulted in lower μTBS for both adhesives. Materials (p < 0.01) and aging (p < 0.01) significantly influenced the distribution of failure modes. SEM analysis showed that specimens submitted to WS or ML showed features of degradation and fatigue at the fractured interface, depending on the adhesive. CONCLUSION Mechanical loading had a negative effect on the bonding efficacy of both adhesives and influenced the fracture pattern, with specimens presenting a different fracture surface from that observed in water-stored specimens.
{"title":"Bonding Efficacy and Fracture Pattern of Adhesives Submitted to Mechanical Aging with the Rub&Roll Device.","authors":"A. F. Montagner, N. Opdam, J. de Munck, M. Cenci, B. Van Meerbeek, M. Huysmans","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37721","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of water storage and cyclic loading on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and fracture pattern of adhesives to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Midcoronal dentin surfaces (n = 36) were prepared and composite restorations were built up using two adhesives (self-etch and etch-and-rinse). The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the aging conditions (n = 6): 1. CONTROL storage in water for 24 h (CO); 2. water storage: storage in water for 6 months (WS); 3. mechanical loading: 750,000 mechanical cycles (ML) using the Rub&Roll loading device. Specimens were sections into beams and the μTBS was tested. Fracture patterns were analyzed using stereomicroscopy and fractographic analysis was performed using SEM. μTBS data (n = 53-72 specimens) were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. The chi-squared test was used to compare the distribution of failure modes (p < 0.05). RESULTS Aging conditions and adhesives significantly affected μTBS (p < 0.01). The CO group showed no difference between materials and had highest μTBS. After WS, the self-etch adhesive showed higher μTBS than did the etchand- rinse adhesive. ML resulted in lower μTBS for both adhesives. Materials (p < 0.01) and aging (p < 0.01) significantly influenced the distribution of failure modes. SEM analysis showed that specimens submitted to WS or ML showed features of degradation and fatigue at the fractured interface, depending on the adhesive. CONCLUSION Mechanical loading had a negative effect on the bonding efficacy of both adhesives and influenced the fracture pattern, with specimens presenting a different fracture surface from that observed in water-stored specimens.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"31 1","pages":"59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75278267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Sawalt, S. Paris, U. Blunck, F. Schwendicke
PURPOSE To assess the fracture resistance (FR) and cusp deflection (CD) of lined or non-lined composite (CO) and glass hybrid (GH) restorations over residual demineralized dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 48 extracted human premolars, artificial residual demineralized dentin was induced on pulpo-axial walls of standardized cavities. Various restorations were placed over this demineralized dentin: an experimental GH, a composite restoration (OptiBond FL+Tetric EvoCeram) without lining, or composite restorations with non-setting (Hypocal) or setting (Dycal) calcium hydroxide lining. After thermomechanical cycling, groups (n = 12) were compared regarding their CD and FR. RESULTS CD did not differ significantly between groups. FR was significantly lower in teeth restored with GH (median: 238 N; 25th/75th percentiles: 191/287 N) than in those restored with lined or non-lined composites (median range: 517-569 N; p < 0.05/Mann-Whitney), which did not differ significantly from each other (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the conditions of this in vitro study, CH lining of pulpo-axial walls had only limited impact on CD and FR. GH showed the lowest FR and might not be optimal for restoring deep or extended cavitated lesions.
{"title":"Fracture Resistance and Cusp Deflection of Lined or Non-lined Composite and Glass Hybrid Restorations Over Residual Demineralized Dentin.","authors":"Michael Sawalt, S. Paris, U. Blunck, F. Schwendicke","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37719","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To assess the fracture resistance (FR) and cusp deflection (CD) of lined or non-lined composite (CO) and glass hybrid (GH) restorations over residual demineralized dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 48 extracted human premolars, artificial residual demineralized dentin was induced on pulpo-axial walls of standardized cavities. Various restorations were placed over this demineralized dentin: an experimental GH, a composite restoration (OptiBond FL+Tetric EvoCeram) without lining, or composite restorations with non-setting (Hypocal) or setting (Dycal) calcium hydroxide lining. After thermomechanical cycling, groups (n = 12) were compared regarding their CD and FR. RESULTS CD did not differ significantly between groups. FR was significantly lower in teeth restored with GH (median: 238 N; 25th/75th percentiles: 191/287 N) than in those restored with lined or non-lined composites (median range: 517-569 N; p < 0.05/Mann-Whitney), which did not differ significantly from each other (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the conditions of this in vitro study, CH lining of pulpo-axial walls had only limited impact on CD and FR. GH showed the lowest FR and might not be optimal for restoring deep or extended cavitated lesions.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"39 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80662864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ferhan Egilmez, G. Ergun, I. Cekic-Nagas, P. Vallittu, L. Lassila
PURPOSE To evaluate the light transmission characteristics of different types, shades, and thicknesses of novel CAD/CAM materials and their effect on the degree of conversion (DC) of a dual-curing resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Square specimens (12 × 12 mm2) of three CAD/CAM materials - GC Cerasmart, Lava Ultimate, Vita Enamic - of different thicknesses (1.00, 1.50, and 2.00 mm, n = 5 per thickness) were irradiated with an LED unit. The amount of transmitted light was quantified. Thereafter, the DC% of the dual-curing resin cement (RelyX Ultimate) was recorded after 15 min using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey's HSD post-hoc test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between the DC and radiant energy, and the DC and thickness. RESULTS Although the type and shade of CAD/CAM material significantly affect transmitted light irradiation (p < 0.0001), degrees of conversion are similar when the CAD/CAM material or material shade were taken into consideration (p > 0.05). Conversely, material thickness significantly affected light transmission (p < 0.0001) and DC (p < 0.0001). Multiple effects of material, shade, and thickness did not significantly affect the evaluated parameters (p = 0.638 for light irradiation; p = 0.637 for DC). Linear regression analysis showed a correlation between delivered energy and DC% results of the Vita Enamic (R² = 0.4169, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Reduced light transmission in 2-mm-thick specimens of all CAD/CAM materials indicates that proper curing of the cement beneath CAD/CAM materials should be ensured.
{"title":"Light Transmission of Novel CAD/CAM Materials and Their Influence on the Degree of Conversion of a Dual-curing Resin Cement.","authors":"Ferhan Egilmez, G. Ergun, I. Cekic-Nagas, P. Vallittu, L. Lassila","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.a37722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.a37722","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE To evaluate the light transmission characteristics of different types, shades, and thicknesses of novel CAD/CAM materials and their effect on the degree of conversion (DC) of a dual-curing resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Square specimens (12 × 12 mm2) of three CAD/CAM materials - GC Cerasmart, Lava Ultimate, Vita Enamic - of different thicknesses (1.00, 1.50, and 2.00 mm, n = 5 per thickness) were irradiated with an LED unit. The amount of transmitted light was quantified. Thereafter, the DC% of the dual-curing resin cement (RelyX Ultimate) was recorded after 15 min using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey's HSD post-hoc test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between the DC and radiant energy, and the DC and thickness. RESULTS Although the type and shade of CAD/CAM material significantly affect transmitted light irradiation (p < 0.0001), degrees of conversion are similar when the CAD/CAM material or material shade were taken into consideration (p > 0.05). Conversely, material thickness significantly affected light transmission (p < 0.0001) and DC (p < 0.0001). Multiple effects of material, shade, and thickness did not significantly affect the evaluated parameters (p = 0.638 for light irradiation; p = 0.637 for DC). Linear regression analysis showed a correlation between delivered energy and DC% results of the Vita Enamic (R² = 0.4169, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Reduced light transmission in 2-mm-thick specimens of all CAD/CAM materials indicates that proper curing of the cement beneath CAD/CAM materials should be ensured.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"44 1","pages":"39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88161676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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