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Hyperactivation of the IL-17 Axis and IL-36 Signaling in Card14-Mutant Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris Mouse Model. Card14突变型红斑狼疮模型小鼠体内的IL-17轴和IL-36信号的过度激活。
Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.036
Takenori Yoshikawa, Takuya Takeichi, Tetsuya Hirabayashi, Yoshinao Muro, Yuki Miyasaka, Tamio Ohno, Masashi Akiyama
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引用次数: 0
Fetal Skin Wound Healing: Key Extracellular Matrix Components and Regulators in Scarless Healing. 胎儿皮肤伤口愈合:无疤痕愈合中的关键细胞外基质成分和调节因子
Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.05.027
Madalena Lopes Natário Pinto Gomes, Paul A J Krijnen, Esther Middelkoop, Hans W M Niessen, Bouke K H L Boekema

Fetal skin at early gestational stage is able to regenerate and heal rapidly after wounding. The exact mechanisms and molecular pathways involved in this process are however still largely unknown. The numerous differences in the skin of the early fetus versus skin in later developmental stages might provide clues for the mechanisms of scarless healing. This review summarizes the differences between mammalian fetal skin and the skin at later developmental phases in healthy and wounded conditions, focusing on extracellular matrix components, which are crucial factors in the microenvironment that direct cells and tissue functions and hence the wound healing process.

胎儿在妊娠早期的皮肤能够在受伤后迅速再生和愈合。然而,这一过程的确切机制和分子途径在很大程度上仍不为人所知。胎儿早期皮肤与发育后期皮肤的众多差异可能为无疤痕愈合机制提供了线索。本综述总结了哺乳动物胎儿皮肤与后期发育阶段皮肤在健康和受伤条件下的差异,重点关注细胞外基质成分,这些成分是微环境中的关键因素,可引导细胞和组织功能,进而影响伤口愈合过程。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Whole Metagenome Analysis in Lesional and Nonlesional Scalp Areas of Patients with Psoriasis Capitis and Healthy Individuals. 对头皮银屑病患者和健康人的皮损区和非皮损区的全元基因组进行比较分析。
Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.020
Britta De Pessemier, Celia Díez López, Steff Taelman, Merel Verdonck, Yang Chen, Annelies Stockman, Jo Lambert, Tom Van de Wiele, Chris Callewaert

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder, where the majority of the patients suffer from psoriasis capitis or scalp psoriasis. Current therapeutics remain ineffective to treat scalp lesions. In this study, we present a whole-metagenome characterization of the scalp microbiome in psoriasis capitis. We investigated how changes in the homeostatic cutaneous microbiome correlate with the condition and identified metagenomic biomarkers (taxonomic, functional, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance genes) that could partly explain its emergence. Within this study, 83 top and back scalp samples from healthy individuals and 64 lesional and nonlesional scalp samples from subjects with untreated psoriasis capitis were analyzed. Using qPCR targeting the 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes, we found a significant decrease in microbial load within scalp regions affected by psoriasis compared with that in their nonlesional counterparts. Metagenomic analysis revealed that psoriatic lesions displayed significant lower Cutibacterium species (including C. modestum, C. namnetense, C. granulosum, C. porci), along with an elevation in Staphylococcus aureus. A heightened relative presence of efflux pump protein-encoding genes was detected, suggesting potential antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. These mechanisms are known to specifically target human antimicrobial peptides (including cathelicidin LL-37), which are frequently encountered within psoriasis lesions. These shifts in microbial community dynamics may contribute to psoriasis disease pathogenesis.

银屑病是一种免疫介导的炎症性疾病,大多数患者患有头皮银屑病或头皮癣。目前的疗法对治疗头皮皮损仍然无效。在这里,我们介绍了头皮微生物组的全基因组特征。我们研究了皮肤微生物群平衡状态的变化如何与头皮银屑病相关,并确定了可部分解释其出现的元基因组生物标志物(分类、功能、毒力因子、抗菌药耐药性基因)。本研究分析了 83 份健康人的头皮和背部样本,以及 64 份未经治疗的头皮银屑病患者的皮损和非皮损头皮样本。通过使用针对 16S 和 18S rRNA 基因的 qPCR,我们发现与非皮损性头皮样本相比,受银屑病影响的头皮区域内的微生物量显著减少。元基因组分析表明,银屑病皮损中的 Cutibacterium(包括 C. modestum、C. namnetense、C. granulosum、C. porci)种类明显减少,而金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)则有所增加。检测到的外排泵蛋白编码基因相对增多,表明存在潜在的抗菌机制。众所周知,这些机制专门针对牛皮癣皮损中经常出现的人类抗菌肽(包括柔毛素 LL-37)。微生物群落动态的这些变化可能有助于银屑病的发病机制。
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引用次数: 0
Augmented Glycolytic Activity in Circulating T Cells of Systemic Sclerosis. 系统性硬化症循环 T 细胞的糖酵解活性增强。
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.023
Emi Inoue, Hanako Koguchi-Yoshioka, Miki Kume, Yutaka Matsumura, Shoichi Matsuda, Ikuko Ueda-Hayakawa, Rei Watanabe, Manabu Fujimoto
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引用次数: 0
Spatial and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveal that Oncofetal Reprogramming of Fibroblasts Is Associated with Malignant Degeneration of Burn Scar. 空间和单细胞转录组学揭示成纤维细胞的肿瘤重编程与烧伤疤痕的恶性变性有关
Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.022
Sarthak Sinha, Rohit Arora, Eren Kutluberk, Myriam Verly, Caleb Small, Aydin Herik, Lindsay Burnett, Leslie Cao, Varsha Thoppey Manoharan, Keerthana Chockalingam, Marieta van der Vyver, Dragana Ponjevic, Holly D Sparks, Sorana Morrissy, A Robertson Harrop, Thomas Brenn, Ana Nikolic, Claire Temple-Oberle, Nicole Rosin, Vincent Gabriel, Jeff Biernaskie
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引用次数: 0
Targeting the Complexity of In Vitro Skin Models: A Review of Cutting-Edge Developments. 针对体外皮肤模型的复杂性:前沿发展综述。
Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.032
Cristina Quílez, Luís B Bebiano, Eleri Jones, Uroš Maver, Luca Meesters, Piotr Parzymies, Emma Petiot, Gijs Rikken, Ignacio Risueño, Hamza Zaidi, Tanja Zidarič, Sander Bekeschus, Ellen H van den Bogaard, Matthew Caley, Helen Colley, Nuria Gago López, Sophia Letsiou, Christophe Marquette, Tina Maver, Rúben F Pereira, Desmond J Tobin, Diego Velasco

Skin in vitro models offer much promise for research, testing drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices, reducing animal testing and extensive clinical trials. There are several in vitro approaches to mimicking human skin behavior, ranging from simple cell monolayer to complex organotypic and bioengineered 3-dimensional models. Some have been approved for preclinical studies in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. However, development of physiologically reliable in vitro human skin models remains in its infancy. This review reports on advances in in vitro complex skin models to study skin homeostasis, aging, and skin disease.

皮肤体外模型在研究、测试药物、化妆品和医疗设备方面大有可为,可减少动物试验和大量临床试验。有几种体外方法可以模拟人类皮肤的行为,从简单的单层细胞到复杂的器官型和生物工程三维模型。其中一些已被批准用于化妆品、药品和化学品的临床前研究。然而,生理上可靠的体外人体皮肤模型的开发仍处于起步阶段。本综述报告了体外复杂皮肤模型在研究皮肤稳态、衰老和皮肤疾病方面的进展。
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引用次数: 0
Adiponectin Prevents Skin Inflammation in Rosacea by Suppressing S6 Phosphorylation in Keratinocytes. 通过抑制角质形成细胞中的 S6 磷酸化,脂联素可预防酒渣鼻的皮肤炎症。
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.018
Joong Heon Suh, Youngae Lee, Seon-Pil Jin, Eun Ju Kim, Eun Young Seo, Na Li, Jang-Hee Oh, Sung Joon Kim, Si-Hyung Lee, Dong Hun Lee, Soyun Cho, Jin Ho Chung

Numerous recent evidence highlights epidemiological connections between rosacea and metabolic disorders. However, the precise path through which metabolic factors impact rosacea risk is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of adiponectin, a crucial adipokine that regulates metabolic homeostasis, in the pathogenesis of rosacea. We elucidated a detrimental feedback loop between rosacea-like skin inflammation and decreased levels of skin adiponectin. To elaborate, rosacea lesional skin exhibits diminished adiponectin expression compared with nonlesional areas in the same patients. Induction of rosacea-like inflammation reduced adiponectin levels in the skin by generating inflammatory cytokines that suppress adiponectin production from subcutaneous adipocytes. Conversely, complete depletion of adiponectin exacerbated rosacea-like features in the mouse model. Mechanistically, adiponectin deficiency led to heightened S6 phosphorylation, a marker of the mTORC1 signaling pathway, in the epidermis. Adiponectin significantly inhibited S6 phosphorylation in cultured keratinocytes. Notably, replenishing adiponectin whole protein or topically applying an agonist for adiponectin receptor 1 successfully improved rosacea-like features in mice. This study contributes to understanding the role of adiponectin in skin inflammation associated with rosacea pathophysiology, suggesting that restoring adiponectin function in the skin could be a potential therapeutic strategy.

最近有大量证据表明,酒渣鼻与代谢紊乱之间存在流行病学联系。然而,代谢因素影响酒糟鼻风险的确切途径仍不清楚。因此,本研究旨在探讨调节代谢平衡的重要脂肪因子--脂肪连素在酒糟鼻发病机制中的作用。我们阐明了酒糟鼻样皮肤炎症与皮肤脂肪连接素水平下降之间的有害反馈回路。具体来说,与同一患者的非皮损区域相比,红斑痤疮皮损区域的皮肤脂肪连蛋白表达减少。诱发酒渣鼻样炎症会产生炎性细胞因子,抑制皮下脂肪细胞产生脂肪连素,从而降低皮肤中的脂肪连素水平。相反,在小鼠模型中,完全消耗脂联素会加剧酒渣鼻样特征。从机理上讲,缺乏脂肪连接素会导致表皮中的 S6 磷酸化(mTORC1 信号通路的标记)增加。在培养的角质形成细胞中,脂联素能明显抑制S6磷酸化。值得注意的是,补充全脂直链素蛋白或局部使用脂联素受体1激动剂成功地改善了小鼠的酒渣鼻样特征。这项研究有助于人们了解与酒糟鼻病理生理学相关的皮肤炎症中脂联素的作用,表明恢复皮肤中脂联素的功能可能是一种潜在的治疗策略。
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引用次数: 0
Neurturin GF Enhances the Acute Cytokine Response of Inflamed Skin. Neurturin 生长因子可增强发炎皮肤的急性细胞因子反应。
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.016
Marsha Ritter Jones, James Jones, Prathyusha Pandu, Chunyan Liu, Cara D Carey, Louis D Falo, Kathryn M Albers

Epidermal keratinocytes, immune cells, and sensory nerves all contribute to immune balance and skin homeostasis. Keratinocyte's release of GFs, neuromodulators, and immune activators is particularly important because each can evoke local (skin) and systemic (ie, immune and neural) responses that can initiate and exacerbate skin pathophysiology. From studies of skin and neural GFs, we hypothesized that neurturin (Nrtn), a member of the GDNF family that is expressed in the skin, has particular importance in this process. In this study, we examine how elevation of Nrtn in skin keratinocytes impacts early cytokine expression in response to complete Freund's adjuvant-mediated inflammation. Nrtn-overexpressing mice and wild-type mice injected with Nrtn exhibit an enhanced level of TNFα and IL-1β cytokines in the skin, a response previously shown to support healing. In vitro assays suggest that one source of the Nrtn-induced TNFα increase is keratinocytes, which are shown to express Nrtn and mRNAs encoding the Nrtn receptors GFRα2, Ret, ITGB1, and NCAM. These findings support the contribution of keratinocyte-derived Nrtn as an autocrine/paracrine factor that acts as a first-line defense molecule that regulates the initial cytokine response to inflammatory challenge.

表皮角质细胞、免疫细胞和感觉神经都对免疫平衡和皮肤平衡做出了贡献。角质细胞释放的生长因子、神经调节剂和免疫激活剂尤为重要,因为每种物质都能诱发局部(皮肤)和全身(即免疫和神经)反应,从而引发和加剧皮肤病理生理学。通过对皮肤和神经生长因子的研究,我们推测在皮肤中表达的神经胶质细胞系衍生神经营养因子(GDNF)家族成员神经营养素(Nrtn)在这一过程中具有特别重要的作用。在这里,我们研究了皮肤角质形成细胞中 Nrtn 的升高如何影响早期细胞因子的表达,以应对完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)介导的炎症。在角朊细胞中过表达 Nrtn 的小鼠(NrtnOE 小鼠)和注射了 Nrtn 的 WT 小鼠的皮肤中 TNFα 和 IL-1β 细胞因子的水平都有所提高,而这种反应以前曾被证明是支持愈合的。体外试验表明,Nrtn 诱导的 TNFα 增加的一个来源是角质形成细胞,这些细胞表达 Nrtn 和编码 Nrtn 受体 GFRα2、Ret、Itgβ1 和 NCAM 的 mRNA。这些研究结果表明,角质形成细胞衍生的 Nrtn 是一种自分泌/旁分泌因子,可作为一线防御分子,调节对炎症挑战的初始细胞因子反应。
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引用次数: 0
The Epithelial Transcriptome of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Tunnels Is More Similar to Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Than to Benign Infundibular Cysts. 化脓性扁桃体炎隧道上皮转录组与皮肤鳞状细胞癌的相似程度高于良性囊肿。
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.03.051
Waleed Adawi, Chunghwan Ro, David Scoville, Yan Liang, Stefan-Laural Rogers, Alice Roberts, Clinton Enos
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced Intratumoral Delivery of Immunomodulator Monophosphoryl Lipid A through Hyperbranched Polyglycerol-Coated Biodegradable Nanoparticles. 通过超支化聚甘油包覆的生物可降解纳米颗粒增强免疫调节剂 MPLA 的瘤内递送。
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.019
Jungsoo Chang, Kwangsoo Shin, Julia M Lewis, Hee Won Suh, Joohyung Lee, William Damsky, Suzanne Xu, Marcus Bosenberg, W Mark Saltzman, Michael Girardi

Immunomodulatory agents have significant potential to enhance cancer treatment but have demonstrated limited efficacy beyond the preclinical setting owing to poor pharmacokinetics and toxicity associated with systemic administration. Conversely, when locally delivered, immunomodulatory agents require repeated administration to optimize immune stimulation. To overcome these challenges, we encapsulated the toll-like receptor 4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) within hyperbranched polyglycerol-coated biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) engineered for gradual drug release from the NP core, resulting in a more persistent stimulation of antitumor immune responses while minimizing systemic side effects. In a model of malignant melanoma, we demonstrate that hyperbranched polyglycerol-NP encapsulation significantly improves the antitumor efficacy of MPLA by enhancing its ability to remodel the tumor microenvironment. Relative to free MPLA, hyperbranched polyglycerol-coated NP-encapsulated MPLA significantly increased the NK cell- and cytotoxic T-cell-mediated antitumor immune response and tuned the tumor-draining lymph nodes toward a T helper 1 response. Furthermore, when combined with local delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent, hyperbranched polyglycerol-NP-MPLA induces the conversion of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to immunogenic tumor microenvironment and significantly improves survival.

免疫调节药物(IMA)在提高癌症治疗效果方面具有巨大潜力,但由于全身给药的药代动力学和毒性较差,其临床前疗效有限。另一方面,在局部给药时,IMAs 需要重复给药以优化免疫刺激。为了克服这些挑战,我们将toll样受体(TLR)4激动剂单磷脂A(MPLA)封装在超支化聚甘油(HPG)包裹的生物可降解纳米颗粒(NP)中,使药物从纳米颗粒核心逐渐释放,从而更持久地刺激抗肿瘤免疫反应,同时最大限度地减少全身副作用。在恶性黑色素瘤模型中,我们证明了 HPG-NP 包裹通过增强 MPLA 重塑肿瘤微环境(TME)的能力,显著提高了 MPLA 的抗肿瘤疗效。与游离的MPLA相比,HPG-NP-MPLA能显著提高自然杀伤细胞和细胞毒性T细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫反应,并使肿瘤引流淋巴结趋向于T辅助细胞(Th)1反应。此外,当 HPG-NP-MPLA 与化疗药物局部给药相结合时,可诱导免疫抑制性 TME 向免疫原性 TME 转变,并显著提高生存率。
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引用次数: 0
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The Journal of investigative dermatology
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