The treatment of breast cancer has changed markedly since the publication of works that recommend screening for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Retrospective reevaluations have revealed errors in screening; moreover, advances in oncological therapy and a better understanding of the disease have raised doubts toward the efficacy of these procedures, which might also cause side effects alongside the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. On the other hand, the lack of information or even misinformation might cause confusion among the potential beneficiaries of these procedures, particularly the patients. These procedures are constantly being recommended by institutions, but the possible risks accompanied by these procedures are often not explained. It is easy to promote mammography screening if the majority believe that it reduces the risk of breast cancer and saves lives. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Many critics of screening are now demanding clear and precise explanations of the procedure and emphasizing on the importance of physical examination. Women must make informed decisions before screening by discussing their own risk profile, the possible benefits, and the eventual risks and harms of mammogram with their physicians. Women should be classified into two groups: those who would gain potential benefits from the procedure and those whose risks outweigh the benefits. A screening program that clearly does not offer more benefits than risks cannot be implemented by public heath institutions. Providing complete and unbiased information, promoting appropriate care, as well as preventing overdiagnosis and overtreatment would be the best option.
{"title":"Benefits and harms of screening: Overdiagnosis and anticipatory medicine – A secondary publication","authors":"A. Zarazaga Monzón, Á. Franco-López, J. Culebras","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i2.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i2.228","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of breast cancer has changed markedly since the publication of works that recommend screening for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Retrospective reevaluations have revealed errors in screening; moreover, advances in oncological therapy and a better understanding of the disease have raised doubts toward the efficacy of these procedures, which might also cause side effects alongside the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. On the other hand, the lack of information or even misinformation might cause confusion among the potential beneficiaries of these procedures, particularly the patients. These procedures are constantly being recommended by institutions, but the possible risks accompanied by these procedures are often not explained. It is easy to promote mammography screening if the majority believe that it reduces the risk of breast cancer and saves lives. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Many critics of screening are now demanding clear and precise explanations of the procedure and emphasizing on the importance of physical examination. Women must make informed decisions before screening by discussing their own risk profile, the possible benefits, and the eventual risks and harms of mammogram with their physicians. Women should be classified into two groups: those who would gain potential benefits from the procedure and those whose risks outweigh the benefits. A screening program that clearly does not offer more benefits than risks cannot be implemented by public heath institutions. Providing complete and unbiased information, promoting appropriate care, as well as preventing overdiagnosis and overtreatment would be the best option.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90627111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, with insidious onset, difficult early diagnosis, easy metastasis, and poor prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) play important roles in the prognostic value and immunotherapy response of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Therefore, it is crucial to recognize m6A-related-lncRNAs in PAAD patients. In this study, m6A-related lncRNAs were obtained by coexpression analysis. Univariate, the Least Absolute Shrinkage, and Selection Operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to construct m6A-related lncRNA prognostic models. Kaplan–Meier analysis, principal component analysis, feature-rich annotation, and nomogram were used to analyze the accuracy of risk models. Potential drugs targeting this model are also discussed. A prognostic model based on m6A-related lncRNAs was constructed, potential drugs targeting this m6A-related lncRNAs feature were discovered, and the relationship with immunotherapy response was studied. Finally, a nomogram was established to predict survival in PAAD patients. This m6A-based lncRNAs risk prognostic model may be promising for clinical prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy response in PAAD patients.
{"title":"A N6-methyladenosine-related long noncoding RNA is a potential biomarker for predicting pancreatic cancer prognosis","authors":"Yiyang Chen, Wanbang Zhou, Yiju Gong, Xi Ou","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i2.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i2.165","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, with insidious onset, difficult early diagnosis, easy metastasis, and poor prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) play important roles in the prognostic value and immunotherapy response of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Therefore, it is crucial to recognize m6A-related-lncRNAs in PAAD patients. In this study, m6A-related lncRNAs were obtained by coexpression analysis. Univariate, the Least Absolute Shrinkage, and Selection Operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to construct m6A-related lncRNA prognostic models. Kaplan–Meier analysis, principal component analysis, feature-rich annotation, and nomogram were used to analyze the accuracy of risk models. Potential drugs targeting this model are also discussed. A prognostic model based on m6A-related lncRNAs was constructed, potential drugs targeting this m6A-related lncRNAs feature were discovered, and the relationship with immunotherapy response was studied. Finally, a nomogram was established to predict survival in PAAD patients. This m6A-based lncRNAs risk prognostic model may be promising for clinical prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy response in PAAD patients.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80856349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We are reporting a case of a 27-year-old young female who presented with right side neck swelling without any associated obstructive symptoms and any other grave signs and symptoms. She noticed a gradual increase in the size of the swelling within a period of 2 years. After investigation and surgical excision, the swelling was diagnosed as cystic hygroma. The root cause of the development of cervical lymphangioma is the congenital malformation of the developing lymphatic system. Cystic hygroma is benign in nature and the cause in adults is still unclear. The most common site of origin is in head and neck region, and cystic hygroma accounts for 75% of lymphatic malformations. The most common presentation of cystic hygroma is painless swelling with ill-defined lesion, most commonly located at the posterior triangle of the neck. The common age group is between birth and 2 years of age, with very rare presentation in adults. Hence, it is necessary to rule out all differential diagnosis of cervical lymphangioma, which is presented with cystic neck swelling. Complete surgical excision is the recommended standard treatment.
{"title":"Cystic hygroma in a young adult: A case report and recent management","authors":"S. Kadam, Tejaswini Kadam","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i2.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i2.151","url":null,"abstract":"We are reporting a case of a 27-year-old young female who presented with right side neck swelling without any associated obstructive symptoms and any other grave signs and symptoms. She noticed a gradual increase in the size of the swelling within a period of 2 years. After investigation and surgical excision, the swelling was diagnosed as cystic hygroma. The root cause of the development of cervical lymphangioma is the congenital malformation of the developing lymphatic system. Cystic hygroma is benign in nature and the cause in adults is still unclear. The most common site of origin is in head and neck region, and cystic hygroma accounts for 75% of lymphatic malformations. The most common presentation of cystic hygroma is painless swelling with ill-defined lesion, most commonly located at the posterior triangle of the neck. The common age group is between birth and 2 years of age, with very rare presentation in adults. Hence, it is necessary to rule out all differential diagnosis of cervical lymphangioma, which is presented with cystic neck swelling. Complete surgical excision is the recommended standard treatment.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88659242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editor’s foreword to the inaugural issue of Tumor Discovery","authors":"Mingzhu Yin","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i1.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.86","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88683717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a dismal 5-year survival rate. The current treatment modalities for the treatment-associated toxicity of immunotherapy-based approaches are limited. Immunotherapy for PC was needed to be further investigated. This report illustrates the combined use of anti PD-1 immunotherapy with other therapeutic strategies for cancer pain. In this case, a patient with PC was treated with surgical resection, chemotherapy, molecular targeted medicine, and anti-PD1 immunotherapy. The survival period of the patient was more than 6 years since diagnosis. Finally, we will present our perspective on the future development of immunotherapy for PC. In a word, this case report sheds lights on information that would be helpful for more rigorous exploration of PC treatments.
{"title":"Combined anti-PD1 immunotherapy for patient with advanced pancreatic cancer: A case report","authors":"Zhe Jiang, Hongyan Li, Fei Li","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i1.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.52","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a dismal 5-year survival rate. The current treatment modalities for the treatment-associated toxicity of immunotherapy-based approaches are limited. Immunotherapy for PC was needed to be further investigated. This report illustrates the combined use of anti PD-1 immunotherapy with other therapeutic strategies for cancer pain. In this case, a patient with PC was treated with surgical resection, chemotherapy, molecular targeted medicine, and anti-PD1 immunotherapy. The survival period of the patient was more than 6 years since diagnosis. Finally, we will present our perspective on the future development of immunotherapy for PC. In a word, this case report sheds lights on information that would be helpful for more rigorous exploration of PC treatments.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85697039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tamoxifen (TMX) which serves as the best clinical option for the treatment of breast cancer may trigger major dose-dependent side effects due to its poor solubility. Therefore, the use of lower TMX doses utilizing nano-enabled drug delivery systems offers multiple benefits to improving drug specified concentration, safety, and long-term release. In this study, we synthesized targeted magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) containing folic acid (FA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to improve drug delivery of TMX. After investigations utilizing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope, we found that the surface of MNPs was well modified with targeting agents, and the size of the Fe3O4-DPN-HA-FA NPs was determined at ∼153 (±3.3) nm. Furthermore, the release of 81% TMX after 120 h indicated that there was a controlled pattern of drug release from the modified MNPs. Besides that, the MTT assay revealed that the viability of MDA-MB-231 cell lines after 48 h and 72 h of treatment is dependent on the time and concentration of Fe3O4-DPN-HA-FA-TMX NPs. Finally, real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that Fe3O4-DPN-HA-FA-TMX NPs could upregulate the expression of Bak1 genes and downregulated the expression of Bclx genes during 24 h treatment. All data confirmed that the presence of HA and FA on the surface of nanocarriers and the active targeting employing the nanocarriers can be a useful step to obliterate the breast cancer cells.
{"title":"Dual-targeting and specific delivery of tamoxifen to cancer cells by modified magnetic nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid and folic acid","authors":"Mostafa Heidari Majd","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i1.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.41","url":null,"abstract":"Tamoxifen (TMX) which serves as the best clinical option for the treatment of breast cancer may trigger major dose-dependent side effects due to its poor solubility. Therefore, the use of lower TMX doses utilizing nano-enabled drug delivery systems offers multiple benefits to improving drug specified concentration, safety, and long-term release. In this study, we synthesized targeted magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) containing folic acid (FA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to improve drug delivery of TMX. After investigations utilizing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope, we found that the surface of MNPs was well modified with targeting agents, and the size of the Fe3O4-DPN-HA-FA NPs was determined at ∼153 (±3.3) nm. Furthermore, the release of 81% TMX after 120 h indicated that there was a controlled pattern of drug release from the modified MNPs. Besides that, the MTT assay revealed that the viability of MDA-MB-231 cell lines after 48 h and 72 h of treatment is dependent on the time and concentration of Fe3O4-DPN-HA-FA-TMX NPs. Finally, real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that Fe3O4-DPN-HA-FA-TMX NPs could upregulate the expression of Bak1 genes and downregulated the expression of Bclx genes during 24 h treatment. All data confirmed that the presence of HA and FA on the surface of nanocarriers and the active targeting employing the nanocarriers can be a useful step to obliterate the breast cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86914785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuai Shi, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Guangtao Ma, Hongyan Ma
Background: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), which is encoded by PDCD1 gene, is a cell-surface protein of immunoglobin family. A number of published studies have reported the relationship between PD-1 expression and prognosis in cancers. The purpose of our study was to identify an independent prognostic marker. Methods: In the present study, we investigated the prognostic value of PD-1 mRNA expression through the Kaplan–Meier plotter databases. Results: The expression of PD-1 mRNA was negatively related with the overall survival (OS) rate of gastric cancer, but positively associated with the OS rate of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and liver cancer (P < 0.05). High PD-1 mRNA expression was linked to an improved relapse-free survival rate of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and liver cancer (P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation with post-progression survival in gastric cancer (P < 0.05). Besides, there was a positive correlation with progression-free survival and disease specific survival in liver cancer. We also further evaluated the prognostic value of PD-1 in relation to different clinicopathological features of cancers. Conclusion: Our results showed that PD-1 expression might be a good marker for the prognosis of patients with cancers, which highlights new methods and ideas for preventive treatment.
背景:程序性细胞死亡蛋白1 (Programmed cell death protein 1, PD-1)是免疫球蛋白家族的一种细胞表面蛋白，由PDCD1基因编码。许多已发表的研究报道了PD-1表达与癌症预后之间的关系。我们研究的目的是确定一个独立的预后指标。方法:在本研究中，我们通过Kaplan-Meier绘图仪数据库研究PD-1 mRNA表达的预后价值。结果:PD-1 mRNA表达与胃癌总生存率呈负相关，与乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肝癌总生存率呈正相关(P < 0.05)。PD-1 mRNA的高表达与乳腺癌、卵巢癌和肝癌的无复发生存率的提高有关(P < 0.05)。与胃癌进展后生存率呈负相关(P < 0.05)。此外，与肝癌的无进展生存期和疾病特异性生存期呈正相关。我们还进一步评估了PD-1与不同癌症临床病理特征的预后价值。结论:PD-1的表达可能是癌症患者预后的良好标志，为预防治疗提供了新的方法和思路。
{"title":"The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PD-1 expression in cancers: A bioinformatics analysis","authors":"Shuai Shi, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Guangtao Ma, Hongyan Ma","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.59","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), which is encoded by PDCD1 gene, is a cell-surface protein of immunoglobin family. A number of published studies have reported the relationship between PD-1 expression and prognosis in cancers. The purpose of our study was to identify an independent prognostic marker. \u0000Methods: In the present study, we investigated the prognostic value of PD-1 mRNA expression through the Kaplan–Meier plotter databases. \u0000Results: The expression of PD-1 mRNA was negatively related with the overall survival (OS) rate of gastric cancer, but positively associated with the OS rate of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and liver cancer (P < 0.05). High PD-1 mRNA expression was linked to an improved relapse-free survival rate of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and liver cancer (P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation with post-progression survival in gastric cancer (P < 0.05). Besides, there was a positive correlation with progression-free survival and disease specific survival in liver cancer. We also further evaluated the prognostic value of PD-1 in relation to different clinicopathological features of cancers. \u0000Conclusion: Our results showed that PD-1 expression might be a good marker for the prognosis of patients with cancers, which highlights new methods and ideas for preventive treatment.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83741838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiwei Jiang, Z. Du, Yanli Wang, H. Shi, Wenyi Li, Yuan Zhang, Mengfan Sun, Zhimin Bian, Jun Xu
Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have significantly contributed to an increase in the survival rate of cancer patients. Recently, several studies suggested that cancer patients may exhibit symptoms of cognitive impairment before, during and even many years after the completion of therapies, negatively impacting the quality of life and functional independence of cancer survivors. Clinically, the coexistence of cancer and cognitive impairment reminds scientists of paraneoplastic syndrome, especially limbic encephalitis. However, some cancer patients show symptoms of cognition deterioration after treatment, without any typical psychiatric symptoms, epileptic seizures or positive antineuronal antibodies, suggesting that the relationship between cancer and cognitive deficits is more common than previously anticipated. Most importantly, many aspects of the association between cancer and cognitive impairment remain uncertain. The definitive connection between systemic cancer and central nervous system is yet to be established. Therefore, this review summarizes the current evidence on the potential pathophysiology in these patients with cancer-related cognitive impairment, and reviews the knowledge gaps and the potential counteracting strategies.
{"title":"Advances in the study of the pathogenesis of cancer-related cognitive impairment","authors":"Jiwei Jiang, Z. Du, Yanli Wang, H. Shi, Wenyi Li, Yuan Zhang, Mengfan Sun, Zhimin Bian, Jun Xu","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have significantly contributed to an increase in the survival rate of cancer patients. Recently, several studies suggested that cancer patients may exhibit symptoms of cognitive impairment before, during and even many years after the completion of therapies, negatively impacting the quality of life and functional independence of cancer survivors. Clinically, the coexistence of cancer and cognitive impairment reminds scientists of paraneoplastic syndrome, especially limbic encephalitis. However, some cancer patients show symptoms of cognition deterioration after treatment, without any typical psychiatric symptoms, epileptic seizures or positive antineuronal antibodies, suggesting that the relationship between cancer and cognitive deficits is more common than previously anticipated. Most importantly, many aspects of the association between cancer and cognitive impairment remain uncertain. The definitive connection between systemic cancer and central nervous system is yet to be established. Therefore, this review summarizes the current evidence on the potential pathophysiology in these patients with cancer-related cognitive impairment, and reviews the knowledge gaps and the potential counteracting strategies.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85405629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mononuclear phagocytes infiltration in the tumor microenvironment orchestra the tumor progression and are generally considered to impede the clinical effects of immune checkpoint blockade therapies. To overcome the traditional biased definition of monocytes, we reviewed some recent advances on the functions of monocytes and macrophages in tumor microenvironment based on single-cell analysis. We also summarized different subpopulations of monocytes and macrophages involved in immunotherapies and their potential applications in clinical study. In this script, we briefly introduce the developmental trajectory of mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), DCs, myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) and their multiple functions in TME. We demonstrate the potential of monocytes and its derived cells being diagnostic and therapeutic targets, especially highlight the interaction between monocytes and immune checkpoint therapies.
{"title":"Monocytes in tumor: from the sight of Single-cell analysis","authors":"Xin Fu, Mingzhu Yin","doi":"10.36922/td.v1i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Mononuclear phagocytes infiltration in the tumor microenvironment orchestra the tumor progression and are generally considered to impede the clinical effects of immune checkpoint blockade therapies. To overcome the traditional biased definition of monocytes, we reviewed some recent advances on the functions of monocytes and macrophages in tumor microenvironment based on single-cell analysis. We also summarized different subpopulations of monocytes and macrophages involved in immunotherapies and their potential applications in clinical study. In this script, we briefly introduce the developmental trajectory of mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), DCs, myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) and their multiple functions in TME. We demonstrate the potential of monocytes and its derived cells being diagnostic and therapeutic targets, especially highlight the interaction between monocytes and immune checkpoint therapies.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85149566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinduja Palati, P. Ramani, H. Sherlin, S. Gheena, A. Ramasubramanian, K. Don, G. Jayaraj, Archana Santhanam
Oxidative stress markers have been shown to be elevated in oral squamous cell carcinomas; plays a crucial role in the build-up of advanced glycation end-receptors of advanced glycation end (AGE-RAGE) products; and has been shown to exacerbate cellular dysfunction, vascular change, apoptosis, and activate inflammatory pathways. The purpose of this study is to assess comprehensively the involvement of RAGE in oral squamous cell malignancies. The findings imply that these receptors and their associated ligands play a significant role in the growth and spread of the tumor, hence impacting the prognosis and life expectancy of the affected individual. This comprehensive review uncovers promising evidence for the clinical use of these molecules, such as RAGEs, in prognostic considerations or as molecular targets for therapy. The available literature shows a role for RAGE in invasion, migration, and angiogenesis in oral cancers. These preliminary findings are encouraging for the therapeutic use of these molecules for prognostic considerations or molecularly targeted therapy.
{"title":"Receptors of advanced glycation end products in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review","authors":"Sinduja Palati, P. Ramani, H. Sherlin, S. Gheena, A. Ramasubramanian, K. Don, G. Jayaraj, Archana Santhanam","doi":"10.36922/td.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/td.244","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress markers have been shown to be elevated in oral squamous cell carcinomas; plays a crucial role in the build-up of advanced glycation end-receptors of advanced glycation end (AGE-RAGE) products; and has been shown to exacerbate cellular dysfunction, vascular change, apoptosis, and activate inflammatory pathways. The purpose of this study is to assess comprehensively the involvement of RAGE in oral squamous cell malignancies. The findings imply that these receptors and their associated ligands play a significant role in the growth and spread of the tumor, hence impacting the prognosis and life expectancy of the affected individual. This comprehensive review uncovers promising evidence for the clinical use of these molecules, such as RAGEs, in prognostic considerations or as molecular targets for therapy. The available literature shows a role for RAGE in invasion, migration, and angiogenesis in oral cancers. These preliminary findings are encouraging for the therapeutic use of these molecules for prognostic considerations or molecularly targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":94260,"journal":{"name":"Tumor discovery","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89416612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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