首页 > 最新文献

WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin最新文献

英文 中文
Trainee Experiences During COVID-19. 学员在 COVID-19 期间的经历。
Anthony Bui, Samuel Tesch, Margaret Zwick, Kurtis J Swanson
{"title":"Trainee Experiences During COVID-19.","authors":"Anthony Bui, Samuel Tesch, Margaret Zwick, Kurtis J Swanson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Breastfeeding During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Personal and Professional Reflections. COVID-19 大流行期间的母乳喂养:个人与职业反思。
Caitlin Regner
{"title":"Breastfeeding During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Personal and Professional Reflections.","authors":"Caitlin Regner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Feasibility and Functionality of SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Testing in K-12 School Health Offices. SARS-CoV-2 快速检测在 K-12 学校卫生室的可行性和功能性。
Jonathan L Temte, Shari Barlow, Emily Temte, Maureen D Goss, Cristalyne Bell, Derek Norton, Guanhua Chen

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented opportunities to introduce rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing (RSAT) into kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) school settings. We evaluated the feasibility and functionality of Sofia Fluorescent Immunoassay Flu + SARS in 1 school district across the 2021-2022 academic year.

Methods: Seven schools in the Oregon School District (Oregon, Wisconsin) were supplied with RSAT analyzers and test kits, along with minimal training of health office staff. We assessed RSAT utilization among schools, rate of invalid results, and comparability to 952 190 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests performed countywide during the same time period. A feedback survey was distributed to all 13 health office staff to assess respondents' perceptions regarding the feasibility and acceptability of RSAT in the Oregon School District.

Results: Over the school year, 1226 RSATs were performed; SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 103 specimens. Percent positivity was similar to the county level (8.4 vs 9.2%; chi-square = 0.74; P = 0.39). Cross-correlation of weekly positive tests between the Oregon School District and Dane County was maximal with no lag (rs = 0.69; P < 0.001). Health office staff indicated Sofia2 RSAT was easy to perform, and 92.3% reported interest in continuing to utilize RSAT in the upcoming school year.

Conclusions: Implementing a RSAT protocol is feasible and acceptable for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 cases in K-12 school settings. High rates of compliance and confidence in results demonstrate program effectiveness. Continuing to use RSAT in school settings after the urgency of the pandemic subsides could help address future outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses within schools and in the larger community.

导言:COVID-19 大流行为将快速 SARS-CoV-2 抗原检测 (RSAT) 引入幼儿园到十二年级(K-12)的学校环境创造了前所未有的机会。我们评估了索非亚荧光免疫测定流感 + SARS 在 1 个学区 2021-2022 学年的可行性和功能性:俄勒冈学区(俄勒冈州,威斯康星州)的七所学校获得了 RSAT 分析仪和测试工具包,并对卫生室工作人员进行了最低限度的培训。我们评估了学校对 RSAT 的使用情况、无效结果率,以及与全县同期进行的 952 190 次反转录聚合酶链反应测试的可比性。我们向所有 13 个卫生办公室的工作人员分发了一份反馈调查表,以评估受访者对俄勒冈学区 RSAT 的可行性和可接受性的看法:整个学年共进行了 1226 次 RSAT,在 103 份标本中检测出 SARS-CoV-2。阳性率与县级水平相似(8.4% vs 9.2%;秩方 = 0.74;P = 0.39)。俄勒冈州学区和戴恩县之间每周阳性检测结果的交叉相关性最大,无滞后(rs = 0.69;P 结论:俄勒冈州学区和戴恩县之间每周阳性检测结果的交叉相关性最大,无滞后(rs = 0.69;P):在 K-12 学校环境中实施 RSAT 方案监测 SARS-CoV-2 病例是可行的,也是可以接受的。高符合率和对结果的信心证明了该计划的有效性。在大流行的紧迫性减弱后,继续在学校环境中使用 RSAT 有助于应对未来 SARS-CoV-2 和其他呼吸道病毒在学校和广大社区的爆发。
{"title":"Feasibility and Functionality of SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Testing in K-12 School Health Offices.","authors":"Jonathan L Temte, Shari Barlow, Emily Temte, Maureen D Goss, Cristalyne Bell, Derek Norton, Guanhua Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented opportunities to introduce rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing (RSAT) into kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) school settings. We evaluated the feasibility and functionality of Sofia Fluorescent Immunoassay Flu + SARS in 1 school district across the 2021-2022 academic year.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven schools in the Oregon School District (Oregon, Wisconsin) were supplied with RSAT analyzers and test kits, along with minimal training of health office staff. We assessed RSAT utilization among schools, rate of invalid results, and comparability to 952 190 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests performed countywide during the same time period. A feedback survey was distributed to all 13 health office staff to assess respondents' perceptions regarding the feasibility and acceptability of RSAT in the Oregon School District.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the school year, 1226 RSATs were performed; SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 103 specimens. Percent positivity was similar to the county level (8.4 vs 9.2%; chi-square = 0.74; <i>P</i> = 0.39). Cross-correlation of weekly positive tests between the Oregon School District and Dane County was maximal with no lag (rs = 0.69; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Health office staff indicated Sofia2 RSAT was easy to perform, and 92.3% reported interest in continuing to utilize RSAT in the upcoming school year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implementing a RSAT protocol is feasible and acceptable for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 cases in K-12 school settings. High rates of compliance and confidence in results demonstrate program effectiveness. Continuing to use RSAT in school settings after the urgency of the pandemic subsides could help address future outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses within schools and in the larger community.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Incidence of COVID-19 and Worker's Compensation Utilization Among Food Manufacturing in Wisconsin, October 1, 2020 - December 31, 2021. 2020 年 10 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日威斯康星州食品制造业 COVID-19 发病率和工伤赔偿使用情况。
Komi K S Modji, Katherine E McCoy, Paul D Creswell, Jonathan G Meiman

Background: The food manufacturing industry is a critical economic sector and has been a high-risk industry for COVID-19. This analysis aimed to describe COVID-19 cumulative case incidence rates among Wisconsin food manufacturing workers and their worker's compensation utilization.

Methods: This was a descriptive analysis of COVID-19 cases among food manufacturing industry workers in Wisconsin from October 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021.

Results: Occupations with the highest cumulative case incidence rate (per 1000 workers) were Packers and Packagers, Hand (275; 95% CI, 252-300), Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders (266; 95% CI, 254-277), and Laborers and Freight, Stock and Material Movers, Hand (261; 95% CI, 247-276). Two worker's compensation claims were paid to food manufacturing workers.

Discussion: Wisconsin food manufacturing workers were disproportionately affected by COVID-19, with a high cumulative case incidence rate exceeding that of the manufacturing industry overall, statewide non-institutionalized working-age adults, and the ambulatory health care industry. There was also a disproportionately low use of worker's compensation benefits in Wisconsin compared to the high COVID-19 disease incidence. Improved worker protections for occupational infectious diseases with high risk of transmission are needed as well as improvements to the worker's compensation system.

背景:食品制造业是一个重要的经济部门,也是 COVID-19 的高危行业。本分析旨在描述威斯康星州食品制造业工人的 COVID-19 累计病例发病率及其工伤赔偿使用情况:这是一项对威斯康星州食品制造业工人自 2020 年 10 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间 COVID-19 病例的描述性分析:累计病例发生率最高的职业(每 1000 名工人)是手工包装工(275 人;95% CI,252-300 人)、包装和灌装机操作工和调试工(266 人;95% CI,254-277 人)以及手工工人和货运、库存和材料搬运工(261 人;95% CI,247-276 人)。食品制造业工人有两起工伤索赔:讨论:威斯康星州食品制造业工人受 COVID-19 的影响尤为严重,其累计病例发病率高于整个制造业、全州非住院劳动适龄成年人和非住院医疗保健行业。与 COVID-19 的高发病率相比,威斯康星州的工伤赔偿金使用率也低得不成比例。需要加强对传播风险高的职业传染病的工人保护,并改进工人赔偿制度。
{"title":"Incidence of COVID-19 and Worker's Compensation Utilization Among Food Manufacturing in Wisconsin, October 1, 2020 - December 31, 2021.","authors":"Komi K S Modji, Katherine E McCoy, Paul D Creswell, Jonathan G Meiman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The food manufacturing industry is a critical economic sector and has been a high-risk industry for COVID-19. This analysis aimed to describe COVID-19 cumulative case incidence rates among Wisconsin food manufacturing workers and their worker's compensation utilization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a descriptive analysis of COVID-19 cases among food manufacturing industry workers in Wisconsin from October 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Occupations with the highest cumulative case incidence rate (per 1000 workers) were Packers and Packagers, Hand (275; 95% CI, 252-300), Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders (266; 95% CI, 254-277), and Laborers and Freight, Stock and Material Movers, Hand (261; 95% CI, 247-276). Two worker's compensation claims were paid to food manufacturing workers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Wisconsin food manufacturing workers were disproportionately affected by COVID-19, with a high cumulative case incidence rate exceeding that of the manufacturing industry overall, statewide non-institutionalized working-age adults, and the ambulatory health care industry. There was also a disproportionately low use of worker's compensation benefits in Wisconsin compared to the high COVID-19 disease incidence. Improved worker protections for occupational infectious diseases with high risk of transmission are needed as well as improvements to the worker's compensation system.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 Vaccination Telephone Outreach: A Primary Care Clinic Intervention Targeting Health Equity. COVID-19 疫苗接种电话推广:以健康公平为目标的初级保健诊所干预措施。
James F Wu, Martin D Muntz, Ann Maguire, Anna Beckius, Mandy Kastner, Brian Hilgeman

Introduction: Equitable COVID-19 vaccine access is essential to ending the COVID-19 pandemic. In many instances, COVID-19 vaccination notification and scheduling occurred through online patient portals, for which socially vulnerable populations have limited access. Our objective was to reduce disparities in COVID-19 vaccine access for the Black and socially vulnerable populations unintentionally excluded by our health system's patient portal-driven vaccine outreach through a telephone outreach initiative.

Methods: From February 1, 2021, through April 27, 2021, telephone outreach was directed towards patients aged 65 and older without patient portal access at a large urban academic general internal medicine clinic. Univariate and multivariate analyses between those who did and did not receive telephone outreach were completed to assess the odds of vaccination, accounting for outreach status, sex, age, race/ethnicity, payor status, social vulnerability index, and Elixhauser Comorbidity count.

Results: A total of 1466 patients aged 65 and older without active patient portals were eligible to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Of these patients, 664 received outreach calls; 382 (57.5%) of them got vaccinated compared to 802 patients who did not receive outreach calls, of which 486 (60.6%) got vaccinated (P = 0.2341). Patients who received outreach calls versus those who did not were more likely to be female, younger, non-Hispanic Black, from high social vulnerability index census tracts, and have higher Elixhauser Comorbidity counts. Logistical analysis revealed an odds ratio (OR) with a nonstatistically significant trend favoring higher vaccination likelihood in the no outreach cohort with univariate analysis with no changes when adjustment was made for age, sex, race/ethnicity, payor, social vulnerability index, and Elixhauser Comorbidity count (univariate analysis: OR 0.88 [95% CI, 0.71-1.09]; model 1: OR 0.89 [95% CI, 0.72 - 1.10]; model 2 - 0.89 (0.72 - 1.11); model 3: OR 0.87 (95% CI, 0.70 -1.09)].

Conclusions: While our telephone outreach initiative was not successful in increasing vaccination rates, lessons learned can help clinicians and health systems as they work to improve health equity. Achieving health equity requires a multifaceted approach engaging not only health systems but also public health and community systems to directly address the pervasive effects of structural racism perpetuating health inequities.

导言:公平获得 COVID-19 疫苗对于结束 COVID-19 大流行至关重要。在许多情况下,COVID-19 疫苗接种通知和安排是通过在线患者门户网站进行的,而社会弱势群体只能通过有限的途径接种。我们的目标是通过电话推广活动,减少因我们医疗系统的患者门户网站驱动的疫苗推广活动而被无意排除在外的黑人和社会弱势群体在获得 COVID-19 疫苗方面的差异:方法: 从 2021 年 2 月 1 日到 2021 年 4 月 27 日,在一家大型城市学术性综合内科诊所,针对 65 岁及以上且无法访问患者门户网站的患者开展了电话推广活动。对接受和未接受电话外展服务的患者进行单变量和多变量分析,以评估接种疫苗的几率,同时考虑外展服务状况、性别、年龄、种族/民族、付款人状况、社会脆弱性指数和埃利克豪斯合并症计数:共有 1466 名 65 岁及以上且没有活跃患者门户的患者符合接种 COVID-19 疫苗的条件。在这些患者中,有 664 人接到了外展电话;其中 382 人(57.5%)接种了疫苗,而未接到外展电话的患者有 802 人,其中 486 人(60.6%)接种了疫苗(P = 0.2341)。接到外展电话的患者与未接到外展电话的患者相比,女性、年轻、非西班牙裔黑人、来自社会脆弱指数较高的人口普查区以及埃利克豪斯合并症计数较高的可能性更大。逻辑分析表明,在对年龄、性别、种族/民族、付款人、社会弱势指数和 Elixhauser 合并症计数进行调整后,单变量分析显示出的几率比(OR)具有非统计学意义的趋势,即不进行外联的队列中接种疫苗的可能性更高(单变量分析:OR 0.88 [95% C]):OR:0.88 [95% CI,0.71-1.09];模型 1:OR 0.89 [95% CI,0.72-1.10];模型 2 - 0.89 (0.72 - 1.11);模型 3:OR 0.87 (95% CI,0.70-1.09)]:虽然我们的电话外展活动未能成功提高疫苗接种率,但所学到的经验可以帮助临床医生和医疗系统努力提高健康公平性。要实现健康公平,不仅需要卫生系统的参与,还需要公共卫生和社区系统的参与,以直接解决造成健康不公平的结构性种族主义的普遍影响。
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccination Telephone Outreach: A Primary Care Clinic Intervention Targeting Health Equity.","authors":"James F Wu, Martin D Muntz, Ann Maguire, Anna Beckius, Mandy Kastner, Brian Hilgeman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Equitable COVID-19 vaccine access is essential to ending the COVID-19 pandemic. In many instances, COVID-19 vaccination notification and scheduling occurred through online patient portals, for which socially vulnerable populations have limited access. Our objective was to reduce disparities in COVID-19 vaccine access for the Black and socially vulnerable populations unintentionally excluded by our health system's patient portal-driven vaccine outreach through a telephone outreach initiative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From February 1, 2021, through April 27, 2021, telephone outreach was directed towards patients aged 65 and older without patient portal access at a large urban academic general internal medicine clinic. Univariate and multivariate analyses between those who did and did not receive telephone outreach were completed to assess the odds of vaccination, accounting for outreach status, sex, age, race/ethnicity, payor status, social vulnerability index, and Elixhauser Comorbidity count.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1466 patients aged 65 and older without active patient portals were eligible to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Of these patients, 664 received outreach calls; 382 (57.5%) of them got vaccinated compared to 802 patients who did not receive outreach calls, of which 486 (60.6%) got vaccinated (<i>P</i> = 0.2341). Patients who received outreach calls versus those who did not were more likely to be female, younger, non-Hispanic Black, from high social vulnerability index census tracts, and have higher Elixhauser Comorbidity counts. Logistical analysis revealed an odds ratio (OR) with a nonstatistically significant trend favoring higher vaccination likelihood in the no outreach cohort with univariate analysis with no changes when adjustment was made for age, sex, race/ethnicity, payor, social vulnerability index, and Elixhauser Comorbidity count (univariate analysis: OR 0.88 [95% CI, 0.71-1.09]; model 1: OR 0.89 [95% CI, 0.72 - 1.10]; model 2 - 0.89 (0.72 - 1.11); model 3: OR 0.87 (95% CI, 0.70 -1.09)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While our telephone outreach initiative was not successful in increasing vaccination rates, lessons learned can help clinicians and health systems as they work to improve health equity. Achieving health equity requires a multifaceted approach engaging not only health systems but also public health and community systems to directly address the pervasive effects of structural racism perpetuating health inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laboratory-Developed Tests: A Critical Bridge During the COVID-19 Pandemic. 实验室开发的测试:COVID-19 大流行期间的关键桥梁。
William M Rehrauer, David T Yang
{"title":"Laboratory-Developed Tests: A Critical Bridge During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"William M Rehrauer, David T Yang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Review of Morphologic Findings in Peripheral Blood Smears of COVID-19 Patients. 回顾 COVID-19 患者外周血涂片的形态学发现。
Pragya Virendrakumar Jain, Abhinav Grover, Laila Nomani

Introduction: Peripheral smear examination is a simple and cost-effective test that is routinely performed while monitoring patients diagnosed with COVID-19. We sought to summarize the peripheral blood morphologic findings in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using a standardized keyword search on Medline database (PubMed), med RXIV, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and SCOPUS for studies discussing peripheral blood smear or morphologic blood findings in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Results: A total of 28 studies were included in the review. Normocytic normochromic anemia was the most frequently encountered red blood cell finding. Neutrophilia was seen in most of the studies. A variety of morphological changes were observed in neutrophils, including pyknotic nuclei, variable shapes, toxic granules, and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Hyposegmented neutrophils, pseudo-Pegler Huet forms, and hypogranular forms were common findings reported by many studies. Lymphopenia was reported by most studies. Lymphocytes showed numerous morphological changes, including reactive forms, Downey forms, increased large granular lymphocytes, and plasmacytoid cells. The presence of giant platelets was seen frequently.

Conclusions: The peripheral blood in COVID-19 shows a spectrum of findings, mostly reactive changes in neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. Increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and higher neutrophil counts have been associated with poor prognosis, which potentially could help triage patients, but this needs to be confirmed in larger studies.

简介外周血涂片检查是一种简单且经济有效的检查方法,在对确诊为 COVID-19 的患者进行监测时是常规检查方法。我们试图总结 COVID-19 感染患者的外周血形态学结果:方法:我们在 Medline 数据库 (PubMed)、med RXIV、Google Scholar、EMBASE 和 SCOPUS 中使用标准化关键词进行了系统性综述,以了解有关确诊为 COVID-19 患者的外周血涂片或血液形态学结果的研究:结果:共有 28 项研究被纳入综述。正常红细胞正常色素性贫血是最常见的红细胞检查结果。中性粒细胞增多见于大多数研究。在中性粒细胞中观察到多种形态学变化,包括细胞核萎缩、形状不一、毒性颗粒和胞浆空泡化。许多研究都报告了中性粒细胞增生、假性佩格勒-休特(Pegler Huet)型和低粒型。大多数研究报告了淋巴细胞减少症。淋巴细胞出现多种形态变化,包括反应型、Downey 型、大颗粒淋巴细胞和浆细胞增多。巨型血小板也经常出现:结论:COVID-19 患者的外周血显示出一系列结果,主要是中性粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞和血小板的反应性变化。中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值升高和中性粒细胞计数升高与预后不良有关,这可能有助于对患者进行分流,但这需要在更大规模的研究中得到证实。
{"title":"A Review of Morphologic Findings in Peripheral Blood Smears of COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Pragya Virendrakumar Jain, Abhinav Grover, Laila Nomani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Peripheral smear examination is a simple and cost-effective test that is routinely performed while monitoring patients diagnosed with COVID-19. We sought to summarize the peripheral blood morphologic findings in patients with COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted using a standardized keyword search on Medline database (PubMed), med RXIV, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and SCOPUS for studies discussing peripheral blood smear or morphologic blood findings in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 studies were included in the review. Normocytic normochromic anemia was the most frequently encountered red blood cell finding. Neutrophilia was seen in most of the studies. A variety of morphological changes were observed in neutrophils, including pyknotic nuclei, variable shapes, toxic granules, and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Hyposegmented neutrophils, pseudo-Pegler Huet forms, and hypogranular forms were common findings reported by many studies. Lymphopenia was reported by most studies. Lymphocytes showed numerous morphological changes, including reactive forms, Downey forms, increased large granular lymphocytes, and plasmacytoid cells. The presence of giant platelets was seen frequently.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The peripheral blood in COVID-19 shows a spectrum of findings, mostly reactive changes in neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. Increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and higher neutrophil counts have been associated with poor prognosis, which potentially could help triage patients, but this needs to be confirmed in larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 Infection Outcomes and Testing Outreach Efforts Among People Living With HIV in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. COVID-19 威斯康星州密尔沃基艾滋病毒感染者的感染结果和检测推广工作。
Trevor Birkey, Joanna Woodbury, Sol Del Mar Aldrete

Introduction: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence and severity of COVID-19 co-infection in people living with HIV (PLWH) has been an area of investigative research. Clinic databases of PLWH provide opportunities to investigate outcomes of COVID-19 co-infection and efficacy of outreach efforts, which are integral to patient care during health crises.

Methods: All PLWH over 18 years of age who receive care at the Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin Adult Infectious Disease Clinic and who had a COVID-19 test performed during May 2020 through March 2021 were included for analysis. All patients received an individualized phone call with COVID-19 testing education and information. Automated data collection and manual chart review were used to acquire information on demographics, outreach efforts, COVID-19 testing results, and COVID-19 clinical course.

Results: Four hundred sixty-two COVID-19 tests completed on 793 PLWH were included, with 40 (8.7%) positive tests and 422 (91.3%) negative tests on a predominantly young, male, and virally suppressed cohort. Most patients had mild to moderate COVID-19 infection (20/27, 74.07%), with 1 patient requiring hospitalization and zero deaths. Three hundred fourteen (39.59%) patients accepted outreach for COVID-19 testing; 171 were tested in our health system, with 72 of those tests occurring within 2 weeks. Outreach efforts demonstrated a statistically significant increase in COVID-19 testing (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: In this largely young, male, virally suppressed cohort of PLWH, most COVID-19 co-infections were associated with mild to moderate disease severity, with 1 hospitalization and zero deaths. Individualized patient outreach efforts were associated with a significant increase in COVID-19 testing, most of which occurred after a single phone call. This outreach process could have utility in other public health arenas, though may be limited by larger patient populations.

导言:自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来,HIV 感染者(PLWH)中 COVID-19 合并感染的发生率和严重程度一直是调查研究的一个领域。艾滋病病毒感染者的门诊数据库为调查 COVID-19 合并感染的结果和外联工作的效果提供了机会,而外联工作是健康危机期间病人护理不可或缺的一部分:所有在 Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin 成人传染病诊所接受治疗且在 2020 年 5 月至 2021 年 3 月期间进行过 COVID-19 检测的 18 岁以上 PLWH 均纳入分析范围。所有患者都接到了一个个性化电话,告知他们 COVID-19 检测的相关知识和信息。通过自动数据收集和人工病历审查,获得了有关人口统计学、外展工作、COVID-19 检测结果和 COVID-19 临床过程的信息:结果:共对 793 名 PLWH 进行了 462 次 COVID-19 检测,其中 40 人(8.7%)检测结果呈阳性,422 人(91.3%)检测结果呈阴性。大多数患者为轻度至中度 COVID-19 感染(20/27,74.07%),其中 1 名患者需要住院治疗,0 人死亡。314名患者(39.59%)接受了COVID-19检测外展服务;171名患者在我们的医疗系统接受了检测,其中72名患者在两周内接受了检测。通过外展工作,COVID-19 检测率在统计学上有了显著提高(P 结论):在这个主要由年轻男性组成的病毒抑制型 PLWH 群体中,大多数 COVID-19 合并感染与轻度至中度的疾病严重程度有关,其中 1 人住院,0 人死亡。个性化的患者外展工作与 COVID-19 检测的显著增加有关,其中大部分是在一个电话后发生的。这种推广过程在其他公共卫生领域也可能有用,不过可能会受到患者人数较多的限制。
{"title":"COVID-19 Infection Outcomes and Testing Outreach Efforts Among People Living With HIV in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.","authors":"Trevor Birkey, Joanna Woodbury, Sol Del Mar Aldrete","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence and severity of COVID-19 co-infection in people living with HIV (PLWH) has been an area of investigative research. Clinic databases of PLWH provide opportunities to investigate outcomes of COVID-19 co-infection and efficacy of outreach efforts, which are integral to patient care during health crises.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All PLWH over 18 years of age who receive care at the Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin Adult Infectious Disease Clinic and who had a COVID-19 test performed during May 2020 through March 2021 were included for analysis. All patients received an individualized phone call with COVID-19 testing education and information. Automated data collection and manual chart review were used to acquire information on demographics, outreach efforts, COVID-19 testing results, and COVID-19 clinical course.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four hundred sixty-two COVID-19 tests completed on 793 PLWH were included, with 40 (8.7%) positive tests and 422 (91.3%) negative tests on a predominantly young, male, and virally suppressed cohort. Most patients had mild to moderate COVID-19 infection (20/27, 74.07%), with 1 patient requiring hospitalization and zero deaths. Three hundred fourteen (39.59%) patients accepted outreach for COVID-19 testing; 171 were tested in our health system, with 72 of those tests occurring within 2 weeks. Outreach efforts demonstrated a statistically significant increase in COVID-19 testing (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this largely young, male, virally suppressed cohort of PLWH, most COVID-19 co-infections were associated with mild to moderate disease severity, with 1 hospitalization and zero deaths. Individualized patient outreach efforts were associated with a significant increase in COVID-19 testing, most of which occurred after a single phone call. This outreach process could have utility in other public health arenas, though may be limited by larger patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High but Inequitable COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Rehabilitation Patients. 康复患者对 COVID-19 疫苗的接种率很高,但并不公平。
Alyssa Warden, Jonathan Liang, Kaitlyn J Vanias, Scott Hetzel, Mary S Hayney, Jennifer M Weiss, Freddy Caldera, Kristin Caldera

Introduction: There is a paucity of studies evaluating vaccine uptake in adults with neurological and musculoskeletal medical conditions. We sought to evaluate the rates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in patients seen in an outpatient rehabilitation clinic.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single center study of adults seen at an outpatient rehabilitation clinic from December 1, 2020, through June 30, 2021, with an active Wisconsin Immunization Registry record. The primary outcome was completion of a COVID-19 primary vaccine series.

Results: Of 1362 patients, 83.3% completed a COVID-19 vaccination series. Younger patients had increased odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series (mean [SD] 46.7 [14.7] vs 54.3 [15.8]; OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04; P < 0.001). Those who identified as non-White (1.88; 95% CI, 1.16-3.04; P = 0.010) or current smoker (1.85, 95% CI, 1.85-2.79; P = 0.004) had increased odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series. Those who resided in rural ZIP codes (1.81; 95% CI, 1.35-2.43; P < 0.001), had not received a 2019-2020 influenza vaccine (5.13; 95% CI, 3.79-6.96; P < 0.001), or had lower comorbidity scores (2.95; 95% CI, 1.98-4.41; P < 0.001) had higher odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series.

Conclusions: There was a high rate of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among patients seen in a rehabilitation clinic, though racial, ethnic, and geographic differences did exist. Further studies are needed to determine why these disparities exist and investigate interventions to increase vaccine uptake in these populations.

导言:评估神经和肌肉骨骼疾病成人疫苗接种情况的研究很少。我们试图评估康复门诊患者的 COVID-19 疫苗接种率:我们对 2020 年 12 月 1 日至 2021 年 6 月 30 日期间在门诊康复诊所就诊且有有效威斯康星州免疫登记记录的成人进行了一项回顾性单中心研究。研究的主要结果是完成 COVID-19 主要疫苗系列接种:结果:1362 名患者中,83.3% 完成了 COVID-19 疫苗接种系列。年轻患者未完成 COVID-19 疫苗接种系列的几率增加(平均值 [SD] 46.7 [14.7] vs 54.3 [15.8];OR 1.03;95% CI,1.02-1.04;P P P P P 结论:在康复诊所就诊的患者中,COVID-19 疫苗的接种率很高,但也存在种族、民族和地域差异。需要进一步研究确定这些差异存在的原因,并调查干预措施以提高这些人群的疫苗接种率。
{"title":"High but Inequitable COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Rehabilitation Patients.","authors":"Alyssa Warden, Jonathan Liang, Kaitlyn J Vanias, Scott Hetzel, Mary S Hayney, Jennifer M Weiss, Freddy Caldera, Kristin Caldera","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a paucity of studies evaluating vaccine uptake in adults with neurological and musculoskeletal medical conditions. We sought to evaluate the rates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in patients seen in an outpatient rehabilitation clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, single center study of adults seen at an outpatient rehabilitation clinic from December 1, 2020, through June 30, 2021, with an active Wisconsin Immunization Registry record. The primary outcome was completion of a COVID-19 primary vaccine series.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1362 patients, 83.3% completed a COVID-19 vaccination series. Younger patients had increased odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series (mean [SD] 46.7 [14.7] vs 54.3 [15.8]; OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Those who identified as non-White (1.88; 95% CI, 1.16-3.04; P = 0.010) or current smoker (1.85, 95% CI, 1.85-2.79; P = 0.004) had increased odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series. Those who resided in rural ZIP codes (1.81; 95% CI, 1.35-2.43; <i>P</i> < 0.001), had not received a 2019-2020 influenza vaccine (5.13; 95% CI, 3.79-6.96; <i>P</i> < 0.001), or had lower comorbidity scores (2.95; 95% CI, 1.98-4.41; <i>P</i> < 0.001) had higher odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a high rate of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among patients seen in a rehabilitation clinic, though racial, ethnic, and geographic differences did exist. Further studies are needed to determine why these disparities exist and investigate interventions to increase vaccine uptake in these populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruptions (RIME) in COVID-19. COVID-19 中的反应性传染性粘膜爆发 (RIME)。
Rabeea Farhan, Shaharyar Salim, Asif Surani

Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruptions (RIME) is a relatively novel terminology describing postinfectious mucocutaneous eruptions that usually affect 2 or more mucosal sites. To our knowledge, we describe the first case of RIME secondary to COVID-19 infection in an elderly 64-year-old immunocompetent male patient. This contrasts with previous case reports that have identified cases of RIME post-COVID-19 infection among the pediatric population and young adults. Our patient had characteristic mucosal involvement and required hospitalization and treatment with systemic steroids. This report also reviews the clinical features, treatment modalities, and outcome of RIME secondary to COVID-19 infection in other published case reports. We emphasize the need for further prospective studies to better elucidate the use of steroids in the management of RIME.

反应性感染性粘膜糜烂(RIME)是一个相对新颖的术语,描述感染后粘膜糜烂,通常影响两个或多个粘膜部位。据我们所知,我们描述了首例继发于 COVID-19 感染的 RIME 病例,患者是一名 64 岁的免疫功能正常的老年男性患者。这与之前的病例报告形成了鲜明对比,之前的病例报告发现,COVID-19 感染后继发 RIME 的病例多见于儿童和年轻人。我们的患者有特征性粘膜受累,需要住院并接受全身类固醇治疗。本报告还回顾了其他已发表病例报告中继发于 COVID-19 感染的 RIME 的临床特征、治疗方式和结果。我们强调需要进一步开展前瞻性研究,以更好地阐明类固醇在 RIME 治疗中的应用。
{"title":"Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruptions (RIME) in COVID-19.","authors":"Rabeea Farhan, Shaharyar Salim, Asif Surani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruptions (RIME) is a relatively novel terminology describing postinfectious mucocutaneous eruptions that usually affect 2 or more mucosal sites. To our knowledge, we describe the first case of RIME secondary to COVID-19 infection in an elderly 64-year-old immunocompetent male patient. This contrasts with previous case reports that have identified cases of RIME post-COVID-19 infection among the pediatric population and young adults. Our patient had characteristic mucosal involvement and required hospitalization and treatment with systemic steroids. This report also reviews the clinical features, treatment modalities, and outcome of RIME secondary to COVID-19 infection in other published case reports. We emphasize the need for further prospective studies to better elucidate the use of steroids in the management of RIME.</p>","PeriodicalId":94268,"journal":{"name":"WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1