Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013946
J. Joy, S. Alarifi, E. Alsuhaibani, C. Nair
This study aims to investigate whether asiaticoside, a triterpene glycoside, can afford protection to DNA from alterations induced by gamma radiation under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions. In vitro studies were done on plasmid pBR322 DNA, ex vivo studies were done on cellular DNA of human peripheral blood leukocytes, and in vivo investigations were conducted on cellular DNA of spleen and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to whole-body gamma radiation. The supercoiled form of the plasmid pBR322 DNA upon exposure to the radiation was converted into relaxed open circular form due to induction of strand breaks. Presence of asiaticoside along with the DNA during irradiation prevented the relaxation of the supercoiled form to the open circular form. When human peripheral blood leukocytes were exposed to gamma radiation, the cellular DNA suffered strand breaks as evidenced by the increased comet parameters in an alkaline comet assay. Asiaticoside, when present along with blood during irradiation ex vivo, prevented the strand breaks and the comet parameters were closer to that of the controls. Whole-body exposure of mice to gamma radiation resulted in a significant increase in comet parameters of DNA of bone marrow and spleen cells of mice as a result of radiation-induced strand breaks in DNA. Administration of asiaticoside prior to whole-body radiation exposure of the mice prevented this increase in radiation-induced increase in comet parameters, which could be the result of protection to DNA under in vivo conditions of radiation exposure. Thus, it can be concluded from the results that asiaticoside can offer protection to DNA from radiation-induced alterations under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions.
{"title":"Protection of DNA From Ionizing Radiation-Induced Lesions by Asiaticoside.","authors":"J. Joy, S. Alarifi, E. Alsuhaibani, C. Nair","doi":"10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013946","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate whether asiaticoside, a triterpene glycoside, can afford protection to DNA from alterations induced by gamma radiation under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions. In vitro studies were done on plasmid pBR322 DNA, ex vivo studies were done on cellular DNA of human peripheral blood leukocytes, and in vivo investigations were conducted on cellular DNA of spleen and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to whole-body gamma radiation. The supercoiled form of the plasmid pBR322 DNA upon exposure to the radiation was converted into relaxed open circular form due to induction of strand breaks. Presence of asiaticoside along with the DNA during irradiation prevented the relaxation of the supercoiled form to the open circular form. When human peripheral blood leukocytes were exposed to gamma radiation, the cellular DNA suffered strand breaks as evidenced by the increased comet parameters in an alkaline comet assay. Asiaticoside, when present along with blood during irradiation ex vivo, prevented the strand breaks and the comet parameters were closer to that of the controls. Whole-body exposure of mice to gamma radiation resulted in a significant increase in comet parameters of DNA of bone marrow and spleen cells of mice as a result of radiation-induced strand breaks in DNA. Administration of asiaticoside prior to whole-body radiation exposure of the mice prevented this increase in radiation-induced increase in comet parameters, which could be the result of protection to DNA under in vivo conditions of radiation exposure. Thus, it can be concluded from the results that asiaticoside can offer protection to DNA from radiation-induced alterations under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"39 1","pages":"353-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82070852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015011903
Priyanka Sharma, P. Goyal
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of green tea catechin (7500 µg/kg/animal/day) against cadmium-induced testicular dysfunctions and oxidative stress in the testes of mice. For this purpose, Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups: group I, negative control; group II, catechin-treated control; group III, cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-treated control; group IV, experimental group I; group V, experimental group II; and group VI, experimental group III. Animals from all of these groups were necropsied at various post-treatment intervals between 12 hours and 30 days for various biochemical alterations in the testes. CdCl2 intoxication resulted in a significant decline in testicular total proteins, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase, whereas acid phosphatase and lipid peroxidation exhibited a noticeable augmentation as compared to negative control. Catechin treatment effectively protected CdCl2-induced alterations in all such parameters throughout the experiment. Catechin was effective in reducing the CdCl2-induced augmentation of phase I (P450 and CYPB5) as well as phase II (DT-diaphorase and glutathione-S-transferase) enzymes in testes. Furthermore, CdCl2 intoxication was found to attenuate the antioxidant potential of testes, which was however augmented when supplemented with green tea extract. Compared to CdCl2-treated control mice, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and catalase levels were significantly decreased in testes. Indeed, green tea catechin significantly increased testicular antioxidant enzymatic activities compared to those given CdCl2 alone. In conclusion, the use of green tea extract appeared to be beneficial to a great extent in inhibiting and restoring the testicular injuries induced by CdCl2 intoxication in mammals.
本研究旨在评价绿茶儿茶素(7500µg/kg/动物/天)对镉诱导的小鼠睾丸功能障碍和氧化应激的影响。为此，将瑞士白化病小鼠分为6组:1组为阴性对照;II组，儿茶素处理对照组;III组，氯化镉(CdCl2)处理对照;第四组，实验一组;V组，实验II组;第六组为实验第三组。所有这些组的动物在治疗后12小时至30天的不同时间间隔内进行尸检，以观察睾丸的各种生化变化。CdCl2中毒导致睾丸总蛋白、胆固醇和碱性磷酸酶显著下降，而与阴性对照相比，酸性磷酸酶和脂质过氧化反应明显增加。在整个实验过程中，儿茶素处理有效地保护了cdcl2诱导的所有这些参数的改变。儿茶素能有效降低cdcl2诱导的睾丸I期(P450和CYPB5)和II期(DT-diaphorase和谷胱甘肽- s -转移酶)酶的升高。此外，CdCl2中毒会减弱睾丸的抗氧化能力，而绿茶提取物则会增强睾丸的抗氧化能力。与cdcl2处理的对照组小鼠相比，睾丸超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽和过氧化氢酶水平显著降低。事实上，绿茶儿茶素与单独服用CdCl2的小鼠相比，显著提高了睾丸抗氧化酶的活性。综上所述，绿茶提取物在很大程度上有利于抑制和恢复哺乳动物CdCl2中毒引起的睾丸损伤。
{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Green Tea Catechin Against Cadmium Chloride-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Mice.","authors":"Priyanka Sharma, P. Goyal","doi":"10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015011903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015011903","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of green tea catechin (7500 µg/kg/animal/day) against cadmium-induced testicular dysfunctions and oxidative stress in the testes of mice. For this purpose, Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups: group I, negative control; group II, catechin-treated control; group III, cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-treated control; group IV, experimental group I; group V, experimental group II; and group VI, experimental group III. Animals from all of these groups were necropsied at various post-treatment intervals between 12 hours and 30 days for various biochemical alterations in the testes. CdCl2 intoxication resulted in a significant decline in testicular total proteins, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase, whereas acid phosphatase and lipid peroxidation exhibited a noticeable augmentation as compared to negative control. Catechin treatment effectively protected CdCl2-induced alterations in all such parameters throughout the experiment. Catechin was effective in reducing the CdCl2-induced augmentation of phase I (P450 and CYPB5) as well as phase II (DT-diaphorase and glutathione-S-transferase) enzymes in testes. Furthermore, CdCl2 intoxication was found to attenuate the antioxidant potential of testes, which was however augmented when supplemented with green tea extract. Compared to CdCl2-treated control mice, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and catalase levels were significantly decreased in testes. Indeed, green tea catechin significantly increased testicular antioxidant enzymatic activities compared to those given CdCl2 alone. In conclusion, the use of green tea extract appeared to be beneficial to a great extent in inhibiting and restoring the testicular injuries induced by CdCl2 intoxication in mammals.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"11 1","pages":"335-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85445504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013806
Shruti Gade, N. Gandhi
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) is a key transcription factor responsible for imparting adaptability to the cancer cells growing in tumors. HIF induces the modulation of glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, and prosurvival signaling. Therefore, HIF is one of the attractive targets to treat solid tumors. Results presented in this study indicate that Baicalein (BA) inhibits HIF stabilization and also reduces its transcription activity in MCF-7 cells in vitro. Furthermore, BA was found to have antiproliferative ability as determined by the MTT assay and clonogenic survival. BA also induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells at the concentration of 50 µM. We also report the radiosensitization of MCF-7 cells when they are treated with BA, resulting in higher γ-radiation-induced DNA damage. BA is extensively used in Chinese medicine and is known to be nontoxic at pharmacological doses. Our studies indicate that BA is one of the attractive natural compounds suitable for further evaluation as an adjuvant therapy.
{"title":"Baicalein Inhibits MCF-7 Cell Proliferation In Vitro, Induces Radiosensitivity, and Inhibits Hypoxia Inducible Factor.","authors":"Shruti Gade, N. Gandhi","doi":"10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013806","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) is a key transcription factor responsible for imparting adaptability to the cancer cells growing in tumors. HIF induces the modulation of glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, and prosurvival signaling. Therefore, HIF is one of the attractive targets to treat solid tumors. Results presented in this study indicate that Baicalein (BA) inhibits HIF stabilization and also reduces its transcription activity in MCF-7 cells in vitro. Furthermore, BA was found to have antiproliferative ability as determined by the MTT assay and clonogenic survival. BA also induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells at the concentration of 50 µM. We also report the radiosensitization of MCF-7 cells when they are treated with BA, resulting in higher γ-radiation-induced DNA damage. BA is extensively used in Chinese medicine and is known to be nontoxic at pharmacological doses. Our studies indicate that BA is one of the attractive natural compounds suitable for further evaluation as an adjuvant therapy.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"11 1","pages":"299-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82226300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013397
A. Ghio, E. Pavlisko, V. Roggli
We tested the postulate that iron homeostasis is altered among patients diagnosed to have asbestosis. Lung tissue from six individuals diagnosed to have had asbestosis at autopsy was stained for iron, ferritin, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Slides from six individuals having pneumonectomy for lung cancer were employed as controls. Lung tissue from those patients with asbestosis demonstrated stainable iron, whereas control lung tissue did not. Staining for this metal was observed predominantly in airway and alveolar macrophages. Expression of the iron-related proteins ferritin, DMT1, and FPN1 was elevated in lung tissue from the six asbestosis patients relative to controls. This increased expression of iron-transport and iron-storage proteins was evident in both airway and alveolar epithelial cells. Asbestos bodies were abundant in lung tissue from patients diagnosed to have had asbestosis. While staining for iron, ferruginous bodies did not demonstrate uptake of antibodies for ferritin, DMT1, and FPN1. We conclude that iron homeostasis is altered in lung disease among those diagnosed to have asbestosis with an accumulation of the metal and a modified expression of iron-related proteins being evident.
{"title":"Iron and Iron-Related Proteins in Asbestosis.","authors":"A. Ghio, E. Pavlisko, V. Roggli","doi":"10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013397","url":null,"abstract":"We tested the postulate that iron homeostasis is altered among patients diagnosed to have asbestosis. Lung tissue from six individuals diagnosed to have had asbestosis at autopsy was stained for iron, ferritin, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Slides from six individuals having pneumonectomy for lung cancer were employed as controls. Lung tissue from those patients with asbestosis demonstrated stainable iron, whereas control lung tissue did not. Staining for this metal was observed predominantly in airway and alveolar macrophages. Expression of the iron-related proteins ferritin, DMT1, and FPN1 was elevated in lung tissue from the six asbestosis patients relative to controls. This increased expression of iron-transport and iron-storage proteins was evident in both airway and alveolar epithelial cells. Asbestos bodies were abundant in lung tissue from patients diagnosed to have had asbestosis. While staining for iron, ferruginous bodies did not demonstrate uptake of antibodies for ferritin, DMT1, and FPN1. We conclude that iron homeostasis is altered in lung disease among those diagnosed to have asbestosis with an accumulation of the metal and a modified expression of iron-related proteins being evident.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"277-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90301928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013049
B. Gopu, R. Dileep, Matukumalli Usha Rani, C.S.V. Satish Kumar, Matham Vijay Kumar, A. Gopala Reddy
Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. The present study is to evaluate the effect of flunixin and curcumin in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Animals were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of 12 animals: normal control group, acetic acid group, curcumin-treated group, and flunixin-treated group. Induction of colitis by intracolonic administration of 4% acetic acid produced severe macroscopic inflammation in the colon, 14 days after acetic acid administration as assessed by the colonic damage score. Microscopically, colonic tissues showed ulceration, edema, and inflammatory cells infiltration. Biochemical studies revealed increased serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), colonic alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Oxidative stress was indicated by elevated lipid peroxide formation and depleted reduced glutathione concentrations in colonic tissues. After induction of colitis, treatment with curcumin (50 mg/kg daily, p.o.) and flunixin (2.5 mg/kg daily, s.c.) decreased serum LDH, ALP, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, as well as colonic MPO and lipid peroxide levels, whereas increased colonic prostaglandin E2 and IL-10 concentrations were observed. Moreover, effective doses of curcumin and flunixin were effective in restoring the histopathological changes induced by acetic acid administration. The findings of the present study provide evidence that flunixin may be beneficial in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
{"title":"Protective Role of Curcumin and Flunixin Against Acetic Acid-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Modulating Inflammatory Mediators and Cytokine Profile in Rats.","authors":"B. Gopu, R. Dileep, Matukumalli Usha Rani, C.S.V. Satish Kumar, Matham Vijay Kumar, A. Gopala Reddy","doi":"10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.2015013049","url":null,"abstract":"Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. The present study is to evaluate the effect of flunixin and curcumin in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Animals were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of 12 animals: normal control group, acetic acid group, curcumin-treated group, and flunixin-treated group. Induction of colitis by intracolonic administration of 4% acetic acid produced severe macroscopic inflammation in the colon, 14 days after acetic acid administration as assessed by the colonic damage score. Microscopically, colonic tissues showed ulceration, edema, and inflammatory cells infiltration. Biochemical studies revealed increased serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), colonic alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Oxidative stress was indicated by elevated lipid peroxide formation and depleted reduced glutathione concentrations in colonic tissues. After induction of colitis, treatment with curcumin (50 mg/kg daily, p.o.) and flunixin (2.5 mg/kg daily, s.c.) decreased serum LDH, ALP, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, as well as colonic MPO and lipid peroxide levels, whereas increased colonic prostaglandin E2 and IL-10 concentrations were observed. Moreover, effective doses of curcumin and flunixin were effective in restoring the histopathological changes induced by acetic acid administration. The findings of the present study provide evidence that flunixin may be beneficial in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"92 1","pages":"309-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86030740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-01DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6349(08)71376-4
F. Saleh, W. Reno, G. Ibrahim, A. Behbehani, H. Dashti, S. Asfar
{"title":"The first pilot study on characteristics and practice patterns of Kuwaiti breast cancer patients.","authors":"F. Saleh, W. Reno, G. Ibrahim, A. Behbehani, H. Dashti, S. Asfar","doi":"10.1016/S1359-6349(08)71376-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6349(08)71376-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"61-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90309824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-07-03DOI: 10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.V22.I2.80
P. Herring, J. Ingels, L. Carbone, K. D. Barrow, D. Osborn, D. Dietzen, L. Pifer
{"title":"Lack of efficacy of the combination of pamidronate and vitamin D on regression of prostate cancer in the Dunning rat model.","authors":"P. Herring, J. Ingels, L. Carbone, K. D. Barrow, D. Osborn, D. Dietzen, L. Pifer","doi":"10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.V22.I2.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVIRONPATHOLTOXICOLONCOL.V22.I2.80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"34 1","pages":"vii-viii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82974969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.50
S. Ray, N. Chattopadhyay, A. Mitra, M. Siddiqi, A. Chatterjee
Curcumin (diferuloyl methane), the major pigment from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., has been widely studied for its tumor-inhibiting properties. Recent studies indicate that curcumin can modify cell receptor binding, it also affects intracellular signalling reactions. Curcumin-treated B16F10 melanoma cells formed eight-fold fewer lung metastases in C57BL6 mice. In the cell adhesion assays, curcumin-treated cells showed a dose-dependent reduction in their binding to four extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The binding to fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen IV decreased by over 50% in 24 hours, and by 100% after 48 hours of curcumin treatment, it persisted at this level even after 15 days of cultivating cells in curcumin-free medium. Curcumin-treated cells showed a marked reduction in the expression of alpha5beta1 and alpha(v)beta3 integrin receptors. In addition, curcumin treatment inhibited pp125 focal adhesion kinase (FAK), tyrosine phosphorylation of a 120 kD protein, and collagenase activity. Curcumin enhances the expression of antimetastatic proteins, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, nonmetastatic gene 23 (Nm23), and E-cadherin. In this article we report on the effect of curcumin on the expression of integrin, TIMP-2, Nm23, E-cadherin, adhesion, and metalloproteinase activity.
{"title":"Curcumin exhibits antimetastatic properties by modulating integrin receptors, collagenase activity, and expression of Nm23 and E-cadherin.","authors":"S. Ray, N. Chattopadhyay, A. Mitra, M. Siddiqi, A. Chatterjee","doi":"10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.50","url":null,"abstract":"Curcumin (diferuloyl methane), the major pigment from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., has been widely studied for its tumor-inhibiting properties. Recent studies indicate that curcumin can modify cell receptor binding, it also affects intracellular signalling reactions. Curcumin-treated B16F10 melanoma cells formed eight-fold fewer lung metastases in C57BL6 mice. In the cell adhesion assays, curcumin-treated cells showed a dose-dependent reduction in their binding to four extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The binding to fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen IV decreased by over 50% in 24 hours, and by 100% after 48 hours of curcumin treatment, it persisted at this level even after 15 days of cultivating cells in curcumin-free medium. Curcumin-treated cells showed a marked reduction in the expression of alpha5beta1 and alpha(v)beta3 integrin receptors. In addition, curcumin treatment inhibited pp125 focal adhesion kinase (FAK), tyrosine phosphorylation of a 120 kD protein, and collagenase activity. Curcumin enhances the expression of antimetastatic proteins, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, nonmetastatic gene 23 (Nm23), and E-cadherin. In this article we report on the effect of curcumin on the expression of integrin, TIMP-2, Nm23, E-cadherin, adhesion, and metalloproteinase activity.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"1 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86499897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.70
S. Kaur, Saroj Arora, S. Kaur, Subodh Kumar
In the course of our search for novel polyphenolic antimutagenic agents from medicinal plants, we examined water, acetone, and chloroform extracts of Terminalia bellerica for their antimutagenic potency using the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay. Acetone extract exhibited variable inhibitory activity of 65.6%, and 69.7% with 4-O-nitrophenylenediamine (NPD) and sodium azide, respectively (as direct-acting mutagens), and 81.4% with 2-aminofluorene (2AF) (an S9-dependent mutagen), in the preincubation mode of experimentation. Inhibition with chloroform and water extracts was rather insignificant. Studies are well underway to isolate and identify the active polyphenolic compounds from acetone extract, which could be used as effective chemopreventive agents in the future.
在我们从药用植物中寻找新的多酚类抗诱变剂的过程中，我们使用Ames沙门氏菌/微粒体试验检测了Terminalia bellerica的水、丙酮和氯仿提取物的抗诱变效力。在实验的预孵育模式下，丙酮提取物对4- o -硝基苯二胺(NPD)和叠氮化钠的抑制活性分别为65.6%和69.7%，对2-氨基芴(2AF) (s9依赖性诱变剂)的抑制活性为81.4%。氯仿和水提取物的抑制作用不明显。从丙酮提取物中分离和鉴定活性多酚类化合物的研究正在进行中，这些活性多酚类化合物有望在未来成为有效的化学预防剂。
{"title":"Bioassay-guided isolation of antimutagenic factors from fruits of Terminalia bellerica.","authors":"S. Kaur, Saroj Arora, S. Kaur, Subodh Kumar","doi":"10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.70","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of our search for novel polyphenolic antimutagenic agents from medicinal plants, we examined water, acetone, and chloroform extracts of Terminalia bellerica for their antimutagenic potency using the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay. Acetone extract exhibited variable inhibitory activity of 65.6%, and 69.7% with 4-O-nitrophenylenediamine (NPD) and sodium azide, respectively (as direct-acting mutagens), and 81.4% with 2-aminofluorene (2AF) (an S9-dependent mutagen), in the preincubation mode of experimentation. Inhibition with chloroform and water extracts was rather insignificant. Studies are well underway to isolate and identify the active polyphenolic compounds from acetone extract, which could be used as effective chemopreventive agents in the future.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"32 1","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88873023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.60
K. Kaur, Husheem Michael, Saroj Arora, P. Härkönen, Subodh Kumar
We investigated the effect of water and acetone extract of Juglans regia L. to evaluate its antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities. The antimutagenic study using TA98 and TA100 tester strains of Salmonella revealed the water and acetone extracts to be more effective than the benzene and chloroform extracts in inhibiting the revertants induced by 2-aminoflourene (2AF) in TA100 tester strains. The most effective extracts in the Ames assay were further evaluated using the Lucifer luciferase assay and in time course studies for antiproliferative activities using the Hoechst staining to observe apoptotic cell deaths. The acetone extract showed a correlation of antimutagenic activities in the Ames assay with its antiproliferative effect in different cell lines, while the water extract exerted its effect distinctly in each cell line. Further studies are still needed to evaluate the cytotoxicity in experiments carried out in vivo.
{"title":"Studies on correlation of antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities of Juglans regia L.","authors":"K. Kaur, Husheem Michael, Saroj Arora, P. Härkönen, Subodh Kumar","doi":"10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/JENVPATHTOXONCOL.V22.I1.60","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the effect of water and acetone extract of Juglans regia L. to evaluate its antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities. The antimutagenic study using TA98 and TA100 tester strains of Salmonella revealed the water and acetone extracts to be more effective than the benzene and chloroform extracts in inhibiting the revertants induced by 2-aminoflourene (2AF) in TA100 tester strains. The most effective extracts in the Ames assay were further evaluated using the Lucifer luciferase assay and in time course studies for antiproliferative activities using the Hoechst staining to observe apoptotic cell deaths. The acetone extract showed a correlation of antimutagenic activities in the Ames assay with its antiproliferative effect in different cell lines, while the water extract exerted its effect distinctly in each cell line. Further studies are still needed to evaluate the cytotoxicity in experiments carried out in vivo.","PeriodicalId":94332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer","volume":"96 1","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85646801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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