Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-IA19
M. Johansson
Lung cancer kills over 1.6 million people every year, making it the chief cause of cancer death worldwide. The US National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated in 2011 that screening with computed tomography (CT) scans could reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% and total mortality by 7%. As a result, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended LDCT-screening for lung cancer in ever-smokers aged 55-80 years who have smoked 30 pack-years with no more than 15 years since quitting. However, the NLST study also highlighted several important negative aspects of CT screening in terms of morbidity associated with over-diagnosis, treatment of benign nodules, and financial costs. The study also indicated important differences in the benefit of screening in different participant groups as defined by their underlying risk of lung cancer, highlighting the urgent need to improve and implement risk prediction models when identifying those individuals that are at high risk and most likely to benefit from lung cancer screening. Concurrently, multiple research groups, including ours, have explored the hypothesis that circulating biomarkers can capture information on risk that cannot be provided with questionnaires. In particular, we have evaluated the potential of improving upon the USPSTF lung cancer screening criteria using a small panel of selected tumour-related proteins, data on which will be presented during the conference. Citation Format: Mattias Johansson. Can biomarkers be used to improve risk prediction models on lung cancer? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr IA19.
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A09
Ghanim Alhilal, L. Redford, Á. Alonso, Sira Moreno, M. Arends, A. Oniscu, Ottilia O'Brien, S. Needham, J. Burn, M. Jackson, M. Santibanez-Koref
3-5% of CRCs show microsatellite instability (MSI) caused by germline defects in mismatch repair genes (MMR) predisposing to Lynch syndrome. In addition, 12% of sporadic CRCs show MSI. Currently, MSI is tested using a fragment analysis based assay not suitable for high throughput testing with suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. Knowledge of microsatellite instability affects prognosis (MSI is a positive prognostic factor in stage II CRC), risk stratification (for the affected and at risk relatives in Lynch syndrome), prediction of lymph node involvement (lymph node metastasis is unlikely in stage I MSI positive CRC) and treatment of CRCs (MMR deficient tumours showed observable benefit from PD-1 blocking agent pembrolizumab). For all these important benefits, MSI testing is now recommended for all newly diagnosed CRCs. As a result, development of a high throughput approach is desirable. We have developed and validated a high throughput sequence based MSI assay. In this study, we tested 17 short (7-12bp) mononucleotide markers (previously identified by our team via an in silico analyses of whole genome sequencing data). These 17 markers were able to discriminate between MSI-high (MSI-H) and microsatellite stable (MSS) cases. To define the optimal parameters to discriminate between MSI-H and MSS samples, we tested these 17 markers across a panel of 141 CRC samples. This allowed us to define a scoring scheme for the 17 markers using allelic imbalance based on a linked SNP (called weighted scoring scheme), which achieved 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity. This scoring scheme was then validated using an independent cohort of 70 CRCs without knowing their MSI status. The assay achieved a 100% sensitivity and specificity. We provide here a high throughput tool to detect microsatellite instability that is less costly, uses short mononucleotide markers (eliminating the need to test matched normal tissue) and is validated on formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples (similar to routine samples). The ability to test the microsatellite instability status in all the newly diagnosed CRC cases would have a great clinical impact on prognosis, risk stratification and treatment of CRCs. Citation Format: Ghanim Alhilal, Lisa Redford, Angel Alonso, Sira Moreno, Mark Arends, Anca Oniscu, Ottilia O9Brien, Stephanie Needham, John Burn, Michael Jackson, Mauro Santibanez-Koref. A next generation sequencing based microsatellite instability assay suitable for routine risk stratification in colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr A09.
3-5%的crc表现出微卫星不稳定性(MSI),这是由错配修复基因(MMR)的种系缺陷引起的,易患Lynch综合征。此外,12%的散发性crc表现为MSI。目前,MSI是使用基于片段分析的检测方法进行检测的,该方法不适合高通量检测,灵敏度和特异性都不理想。对微卫星不稳定性的了解影响预后(MSI是II期CRC的积极预后因素)、风险分层(对于Lynch综合征的受影响和有风险的亲属)、淋巴结累及的预测(I期MSI阳性CRC不太可能发生淋巴结转移)和CRC的治疗(MMR缺陷肿瘤从PD-1阻断剂派姆单抗中获得了明显的益处)。鉴于所有这些重要的益处,MSI检测现在被推荐用于所有新诊断的crc。因此,需要开发一种高吞吐量的方法。我们已经开发并验证了一种基于高通量序列的MSI检测方法。在这项研究中,我们测试了17个短(7-12bp)单核苷酸标记(之前由我们的团队通过全基因组测序数据的计算机分析确定)。这17个标记能够区分msi高(MSI-H)和微卫星稳定(MSS)病例。为了确定区分MSI-H和MSS样本的最佳参数,我们在141个CRC样本中测试了这17种标记物。这使我们能够定义基于连锁SNP的等位基因不平衡的17个标记的评分方案(称为加权评分方案),该方案达到96%的灵敏度和100%的特异性。然后在不知道其MSI状态的情况下,使用70个crc的独立队列验证该评分方案。该试验达到100%的灵敏度和特异性。我们提供了一种高通量工具来检测微卫星不稳定性,该工具成本较低,使用短单核苷酸标记(无需测试匹配的正常组织),并在福尔马林固定石蜡包埋(FFPE)样品(类似于常规样品)上进行验证。能否在所有新诊断的CRC病例中检测微卫星不稳定状态,将对CRC的预后、风险分层和治疗产生重大的临床影响。引文格式:Ghanim Alhilal, Lisa Redford, Angel Alonso, sierra Moreno, Mark Arends, Anca Oniscu, Ottilia O9Brien, Stephanie Needham, John Burn, Michael Jackson, Mauro Santibanez-Koref。适用于结直肠癌常规风险分层的新一代基于测序的微卫星不稳定性测定。[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr A09。
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A25
M. Cote, Wei Chen, J. Ruterbusch, E. Abdulfatah, V. Pardeshi, Asra N. Shaik, M. Ghanim, M. F. Daaboul, D. Visscher, S. Bandyopadhyay, R. Ali-Fehmi
Introduction: Atypical hyperplasia (also known as proliferative disease with atypia), while categorized as a benign finding, has been consistently associated with an increased risk of subsequent breast cancer that persists for decades after initial diagnosis. There are various other lesions that are classified as benign breast disease (BBD) that are routinely identified by pathologists that may also increase risk and be of use to inform breast cancer risk models. We sought to identify which BBD lesions were associated with increased risk of breast cancer in an African American (AA) cohort. Methods: Benign breast biopsies from 3,895 AA women diagnosed with BBD between 1997 and 2010 in metropolitan Detroit were reviewed for 12 benign features including columnar alterations, ductal ectasia, ductal hyperplasia, fibrosis, apocrine metaplasia, lobular hyperplasia, calcifications, cysts, intraductal papilloma, radial scar, sclerosing adenosis, and fibroadenomas. Women were followed for subsequent breast cancer using the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System, part of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. Associations between BBD features and subsequent breast cancer were examined using chi-square tests. Features that had a significant chi-square test result were also combined into scores describing the overall number of BBD features identified, termed busy breast score. Multivariable log-binomial regression with backward selection based on BIC criteria was performed to assess risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals of breast cancer on 12 candidate features. Multivariable log-binomial regression was performed for busy breast score as well. All regression models were adjusted for age at biopsy and overall impression for presence of proliferative disease with or without atypia using non-proliferative disease as the reference. Models were checked for multicollinearity using a variable inflation factor (VIF). Results: Of the 3,895 AA women in the BBD cohort, 210 developed a subsequent breast cancer. The median age at biopsy among those without a subsequent cancer (controls) was 47 years of age, while cases were 53 years of age (p-value Conclusions: Columnar alterations confer increased risk of breast cancer beyond the risks associated with atypical hyperplasia, as does the presence of multiple types of BBD lesions in a single biopsy. These estimates may help improve the current risk assessment models for African American women and highlight the need for additional research regarding the utility of closer surveillance and potentially chemoprevention for reduction of breast cancer in these women. Citation Format: Michele L. Cote, Wei Chen, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Visakha Pardeshi, Asra N. Shaik, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Daniel W. Visscher, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Rouba Ali-Fehmi. Benign breast disease and subsequent breast cancer risk: The Detroit cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AA
简介:非典型增生(也称为非典型性增生性疾病),虽然被归类为良性发现,但一直与最初诊断后持续数十年的后续乳腺癌风险增加相关。还有各种其他病变被归类为良性乳腺疾病(BBD),病理学家通常会发现这些病变也可能增加风险,并用于建立乳腺癌风险模型。我们试图在非裔美国人(AA)队列中确定哪些BBD病变与乳腺癌风险增加相关。方法:回顾性分析1997 - 2010年底特律市区3895例确诊为BBD的AA女性乳腺良性活检的12种良性特征,包括柱状改变、导管扩张、导管增生、纤维化、大汗腺化生、小叶增生、钙化、囊肿、导管内乳头状瘤、放射状瘢痕、硬化性腺病和纤维腺瘤。使用大都会底特律癌症监测系统(监测、流行病学和最终结果(SEER)癌症登记处的一部分)对妇女进行后续乳腺癌随访。采用卡方检验检验BBD特征与随后的乳腺癌之间的关系。具有显著卡方检验结果的特征也被合并成描述已确定的BBD特征总数的分数,称为忙碌乳房评分。采用基于BIC标准的多变量对数二项回归和反向选择来评估乳腺癌在12个候选特征上的风险比和95%置信区间。对忙碌乳房评分进行多变量对数二项回归。所有回归模型都以活检时的年龄和有无非典型性增殖性疾病的总体印象为参照进行调整。使用可变膨胀因子(VIF)检查模型是否多重共线性。结果:在3895名AA女性中,210人随后发展为乳腺癌。活检中无后续癌症(对照组)的中位年龄为47岁,而病例为53岁(p值结论:柱状改变增加了乳腺癌的风险,超出了与非典型增生相关的风险,就像单次活检中存在多种类型的BBD病变一样。这些估计可能有助于改善非洲裔美国妇女目前的风险评估模型,并强调需要进一步研究更密切的监测和潜在的化学预防的效用,以减少这些妇女的乳腺癌。引文格式:Michele L. Cote, Wei Chen, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Visakha Pardeshi, Asra N. Shaik, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Daniel W. Visscher, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Rouba Ali-Fehmi。良性乳腺疾病和随后的乳腺癌风险:底特律队列[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr A25。
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-PR09
Konrad H. Stopsack, T. Gerke, L. Mucci, Jennifer R. Rider
Background: We recently discovered that mRNA expression of SQLE, coding for squalene monooxygenase, the second rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, is associated with lethality after prostate cancer diagnosis. Here, we investigate how expression of SQLE and other key regulators of cholesterol homeostasis, identified by prior mechanistic studies, aid risk prediction for lethal prostate cancer. Methods: The Health Professionals Follow-up Study and the Physicians9 Health Study prostate cancer tissue cohorts collected tissue from prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate at cancer diagnosis. Whole-transcriptome profiling was performed. The outcome of interest was lethal cancer defined as prostate cancer mortality or development of metastases in contrast to non-lethal cancer without evidence of metastases after at least eight years of follow up. Discrimination for prostate lethal cancer was assessed by comparing c-statistics using bootstrap resampling. Results: Combining both cohorts, 112 men had lethal prostate cancer; 290 men had non-lethal cancer. A prognostic model for lethal cancer including Gleason grade, pathologic stage, age, and year of diagnosis had a high c = 0.885; adding body mass index, smoking status, family history of prostate cancer, and diabetes diagnosis increased c to 0.889. A model containing only SQLE (linear) achieved c = 0.663. Adding SQLE to the fully adjusted model increased c to 0.903 (p = 0.027). None of the other cholesterol regulators ABCA1, ACAT1, LDLR, and SCARB1 improved discrimination. Conclusions: SQLE performs well as a single biomarker of prostate cancer lethality after primary therapy, in contrast to other markers of intratumoral cholesterol regulation. Improvements in prognostication are minimal when SQLE is added to a model that contains a centrally re-reviewed Gleason grade. Most importantly, SQLE may be an actionable, predictive biomarker of benefit from statin therapy, which addresses the cholesterol synthesis pathway regulated by SQLE. Citation Format: Konrad H. Stopsack, Travis A. Gerke, Lorelei A. Mucci, Jennifer R. Rider. Prostate cancer prognostication based on an actionable metabolic pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr PR09.
背景:我们最近发现,编码角鲨烯单加氧酶(胆固醇合成的第二限速酶)的SQLE mRNA表达与前列腺癌诊断后的致死率有关。在这里,我们研究了SQLE和其他关键的胆固醇稳态调节因子的表达,通过先前的机制研究确定,如何帮助预测致死性前列腺癌的风险。方法:卫生专业人员随访研究和内科医生健康研究前列腺癌组织队列收集前列腺切除术或经尿道前列腺切除术后诊断为癌症的组织。进行全转录组分析。研究的结果是致命性癌症,定义为前列腺癌死亡率或转移的发展,与至少8年随访后无转移证据的非致命性癌症相比。通过自举重采样比较c统计量来评估前列腺致死癌的鉴别。结果:合并两个队列,有112名男性患有致死性前列腺癌;290名男性患有非致命性癌症。包括Gleason分级、病理分期、年龄和诊断年份在内的致死性肿瘤预后模型c = 0.885;加上身体质量指数、吸烟状况、前列腺癌家族史和糖尿病诊断,c增加到0.889。一个只包含SQLE(线性)的模型得到了c = 0.663。在完全调整模型中加入SQLE使c增加到0.903 (p = 0.027)。其他胆固醇调节因子ABCA1、ACAT1、LDLR和SCARB1均未改善鉴别。结论:与其他肿瘤内胆固醇调节标志物相比,SQLE作为原发性治疗后前列腺癌致死率的单一生物标志物表现良好。当SQLE被添加到包含中央重新审查的Gleason分级的模型中时,预测的改善是最小的。最重要的是,SQLE可能是一种可操作的、可预测的他汀类药物治疗获益的生物标志物,它解决了由SQLE调节的胆固醇合成途径。引用格式:Konrad H. Stopsack, Travis A. Gerke, Lorelei A. Mucci, Jennifer R. Rider。基于可操作代谢途径的前列腺癌预后。[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;癌症流行病学生物标志物pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr PR09。
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-PR13
L. Sakoda, L. Habel, K. Thai, C. Quesenberry
Early detection strategies for lung cancer may be improved by using valid risk prediction models to identify persons at highest risk for the disease. However, external validation of lung cancer risk prediction models has been limited. We sought to externally validate the PLCOM2012 model, which predicts the probability of lung cancer within six years on the basis of age, race, education, body mass index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, personal history of cancer, family history of lung cancer, and smoking status, quantity, duration, and quit years, in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (RPGEH) cohort. To increase comparability to the populations of smokers used to initially develop and validate the PLCOM2012 model, we restricted our analysis to the 28,757 ever smokers ages 55 to 74 with no history of lung cancer, no history of other non-melanoma skin cancers in the prior five years, and complete data on all model predictors. For each person, the predicted probability of lung cancer risk was estimated with data ascertained from the RPGEH survey on all predictors except quit years, which was ascertained from electronic health records. Using KPNC Cancer Registry data, we identified 672 diagnosed with lung cancer within six years post-survey. Both calibration and discrimination were examined to assess model performance. Calibration was assessed by determining the mean absolute difference in observed and predicted probabilities of lung cancer for each decile of predicted risk. Discrimination was assessed by estimating the area under curve (AUC). The absolute difference in observed and predicted probabilities of lung cancer risk was generally small: Citation Format: Lori C. Sakoda, Laurel A. Habel, Khanh K. Thai, Charles P. Quesenberry, Jr. External validation of a risk prediction model for lung cancer among smokers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr PR13.
通过使用有效的风险预测模型来识别疾病风险最高的人,可以改进肺癌的早期检测策略。然而,肺癌风险预测模型的外部验证一直有限。在Kaiser Permanente北加州(KPNC)基因、环境与健康研究项目(RPGEH)队列中,我们试图对PLCOM2012模型进行外部验证,该模型基于年龄、种族、教育程度、体重指数、慢性阻塞性肺病、个人癌症史、肺癌家族史、吸烟状况、数量、持续时间和戒烟年限预测六年内肺癌的概率。为了增加与用于最初开发和验证PLCOM2012模型的吸烟者人群的可比性,我们将分析限制在28,757名年龄在55至74岁之间的吸烟者,他们没有肺癌史,在过去五年内没有其他非黑色素瘤皮肤癌史,并完成所有模型预测因子的数据。对于每个人,肺癌风险的预测概率是用RPGEH调查中确定的数据来估计的,除了戒烟年限,戒烟年限是从电子健康记录中确定的。使用KPNC癌症登记处的数据,我们在调查后的六年内确定了672名被诊断为肺癌的患者。对模型的校准和判别进行了检验,以评估模型的性能。通过确定预测风险的每十分位数中观察到的肺癌概率和预测的肺癌概率的平均绝对差来评估校准。通过估计曲线下面积(AUC)来评估鉴别性。观察到的肺癌风险概率和预测的肺癌风险概率的绝对差异通常很小:引文格式:Lori C. Sakoda, Laurel a . Habel, Khanh K. Thai, Charles P. Quesenberry, Jr.吸烟者肺癌风险预测模型的外部验证。[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr PR13。
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-PR15
Minkyo Song, Jae-Jeong Yang, H. Sung, S. Kong, H. Lee, Hyung-Ho Kim, S. Kim, Han-Kwang Yang, N. Sawada, S. Tsugane, M. Inoue, D. Kang
Background: Despite the rapid decline of the incidence and mortality over the past few decades, gastric cancer still remains to be the third leading cause of cancer death and the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Furthermore, the absolute number of gastric cancer cases is increasing globally due to the aging of the world population. With available methods to detect and treat precancerous and early stage lesions, development of a prediction model to estimate the probability of developing gastric cancer for various age intervals and risk profiles have important public health implications. Methods: Candidate predictors were selected combining expert opinion and literature search. Using a case-control study with 4,603 Korean subjects, a logistic regression model was used for estimating relative risks, separately for men and women. The discriminatory ability of the models was assessed by receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (AUC). Absolute risk parameters were then calculated combined with the relative risk estimates with baseline age-specific cancer hazard rates from Korean Cancer Registry data. The developed models were validated using an independent prospective cohort data, a Japanese population-based cohort study, which includes 40,173 subjects, by calculating the ratio of expected number (E) over observed number (O) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The models for both men and women included low education, past medical history of diabetes mellitus, no regular use of nonsteroidal inflammatory drugs intake, smoking, no regular exercising, and consumption of high salted food, less fruit, less nonstarchy vegetables, and less nonfermented soy food. The AUC for the relative risk model was 0.73 (95% CI 0.71-0.75) for men and 0.76 (95% CI 0.74-0.79) for women. The overall E/O ratio was 1.05 (95% CI 0.98-1.12) in men, and 0.93 (95% CI 0.83-1.04) in women in the external validation population. Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study to estimate the absolute risk of gastric cancer in Korean population. The mathematical models developed in the present study will help predict the occurrence of gastric cancer for an individual considering combined risk factors which will help at a personalized level by enabling early detection and preventive efforts. A further development of a model incorporating biomarkers can provide strategies to select individuals at high risk, for screening for gastric cancer. This abstract is also being presented as PosterB11. Citation Format: Minkyo Song, Jae Jeong Yang, Hyuna Sung, Seong-Ho Kong, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Hyung-Ho Kim, Sang Gyun Kim, Han-Kwang Yang, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang. Projecting individualized absolute risk of developing gastric cancer in Koreans. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Bio
背景:尽管在过去的几十年里,胃癌的发病率和死亡率迅速下降,但它仍然是世界上第三大癌症死亡原因和第五大常见癌症。此外,由于世界人口老龄化,胃癌病例的绝对数量在全球范围内不断增加。随着现有方法的发现和治疗癌前病变和早期病变,开发预测模型来估计不同年龄间隔和风险概况的胃癌发生概率具有重要的公共卫生意义。方法:结合专家意见和文献检索筛选出候选预测因子。采用一项包含4603名韩国受试者的病例对照研究,使用逻辑回归模型分别估计男性和女性的相对风险。用接收算子曲线下特征面积(AUC)评价模型的判别能力。然后计算绝对风险参数,结合相对风险估计和韩国癌症登记处数据中的基线年龄特异性癌症危险率。通过计算期望数(E)与观察数(O)的比值和95%置信区间(CI),使用独立的前瞻性队列数据(日本基于人群的队列研究,包括40,173名受试者)对所开发的模型进行了验证。结果:男性和女性的模型包括低教育程度、既往糖尿病病史、不经常使用非甾体类消炎药、吸烟、不经常运动、食用高盐食物、少吃水果、少吃非淀粉类蔬菜和少吃非发酵豆制品。男性相对风险模型的AUC为0.73 (95% CI 0.71-0.75),女性为0.76 (95% CI 0.74-0.79)。在外部验证人群中,男性的总E/O比为1.05 (95% CI 0.98-1.12),女性的总E/O比为0.93 (95% CI 0.83-1.04)。结论:据我们所知,这是第一项估计韩国人群胃癌绝对风险的研究。在本研究中建立的数学模型将有助于预测个人胃癌的发生,考虑综合危险因素,这将有助于在个性化水平上通过早期发现和预防工作。结合生物标志物的模型的进一步发展可以提供选择高风险个体的策略,用于筛查胃癌。此摘要也以PosterB11的形式呈现。引文格式:宋明教、杨宰正、成泫、孔成浩、李赫俊、金亨镐、金尚均、杨汉光、泽田尚惠、津根昭一郎、井上真美、姜大熙。预测韩国人患胃癌的个体化绝对风险。[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr PR15。
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A30
A. Chandak, P. Nayar, G. Kan, N. Gupta
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis among women in Nebraska. Early diagnosis of breast cancer provides opportunities for better prognosis and treatment options and thereby improves chances of survival. Nebraska is predominantly a rural state, and hence, in addition to problems of affordability of health care due to lack of insurance or under-insurance, the people of rural Nebraska face unique challenges with regards to the availability and accessibility of cancer screening services. The purpose of this study was to examine whether access to cancer screening services, in terms of three dimensions: affordability, availability and accessibility, predict the stage of diagnosis for women diagnosed with breast cancer in Nebraska. Methods: Data on breast cancer cases in Nebraska were obtained from the Nebraska Cancer Registry for the years 2008 to 2012. Proximity to the nearest screening center was calculated as the shortest distance between the population weighted centroid of each census tract in Nebraska and the nearest screening facility, using geocoded facility locations available from the United States Food and Drug Administration website. Spatial accessibility to primary care provider (PCP) was calculated using the two-step floating catchment area method using geocoded PCP locations, using data from the University of Nebraska Medical Center Health Professions Tracking Service annual survey database. Hierarchical logistic regression models adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, marital status, rurality of residence and county poverty level were examined to assess the association of type of insurance: Medicare, Medicaid, Other (including TRICARE, Military, Veterans Affairs Indian/Public Health Service) and Private, supply of screening centers, proximity to screening center and spatial accessibility to primary care physicians with the stage at diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast cancer stage at diagnosis was categorized as early (in-situ or localized stage) or late (regional or distant stage). Geocoding and proximity distance calculations were done using ArcGIS 10.3.2 and statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 14 software. Results: Among 4,975 women aged 40 years or older and diagnosed with breast cancer in Nebraska between 2008 and 2012, 72.3% were diagnosed at an early stage (in-situ or localized). The results from the hierarchical logistic regression found that women who were uninsured were less likely (Odds Ratio [O.R]: 0.42; 95% Confidence Interval [C.I]: 0.25-0.73) to be diagnosed early and those women who had Medicaid coverage were also less likely (O.R: 0.56; 95% C.I: 0.40-0.78) to be diagnosed early, as compared to women having private insurance. Further, married women were 1.3 times more likely (O.R: 1.25; 95% C.I: 1.10-1.44) to be diagnosed early, and white women were 1.4 times more likely (O.R: 1.36; 95% C.I: 1.04-1.77) to be diagnosed early. Conclusion: Affordability of cancer screening services plays an imp
{"title":"Abstract A30: Affordability of screening, race and marital status predict early detection of breast cancer: Analysis of cancer registry data","authors":"A. Chandak, P. Nayar, G. Kan, N. Gupta","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis among women in Nebraska. Early diagnosis of breast cancer provides opportunities for better prognosis and treatment options and thereby improves chances of survival. Nebraska is predominantly a rural state, and hence, in addition to problems of affordability of health care due to lack of insurance or under-insurance, the people of rural Nebraska face unique challenges with regards to the availability and accessibility of cancer screening services. The purpose of this study was to examine whether access to cancer screening services, in terms of three dimensions: affordability, availability and accessibility, predict the stage of diagnosis for women diagnosed with breast cancer in Nebraska. Methods: Data on breast cancer cases in Nebraska were obtained from the Nebraska Cancer Registry for the years 2008 to 2012. Proximity to the nearest screening center was calculated as the shortest distance between the population weighted centroid of each census tract in Nebraska and the nearest screening facility, using geocoded facility locations available from the United States Food and Drug Administration website. Spatial accessibility to primary care provider (PCP) was calculated using the two-step floating catchment area method using geocoded PCP locations, using data from the University of Nebraska Medical Center Health Professions Tracking Service annual survey database. Hierarchical logistic regression models adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, marital status, rurality of residence and county poverty level were examined to assess the association of type of insurance: Medicare, Medicaid, Other (including TRICARE, Military, Veterans Affairs Indian/Public Health Service) and Private, supply of screening centers, proximity to screening center and spatial accessibility to primary care physicians with the stage at diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast cancer stage at diagnosis was categorized as early (in-situ or localized stage) or late (regional or distant stage). Geocoding and proximity distance calculations were done using ArcGIS 10.3.2 and statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 14 software. Results: Among 4,975 women aged 40 years or older and diagnosed with breast cancer in Nebraska between 2008 and 2012, 72.3% were diagnosed at an early stage (in-situ or localized). The results from the hierarchical logistic regression found that women who were uninsured were less likely (Odds Ratio [O.R]: 0.42; 95% Confidence Interval [C.I]: 0.25-0.73) to be diagnosed early and those women who had Medicaid coverage were also less likely (O.R: 0.56; 95% C.I: 0.40-0.78) to be diagnosed early, as compared to women having private insurance. Further, married women were 1.3 times more likely (O.R: 1.25; 95% C.I: 1.10-1.44) to be diagnosed early, and white women were 1.4 times more likely (O.R: 1.36; 95% C.I: 1.04-1.77) to be diagnosed early. Conclusion: Affordability of cancer screening services plays an imp","PeriodicalId":9487,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81209815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A16
Asra N. Shaik, J. Ruterbusch, E. Abdulfatah, M. Ghanim, M. F. Daaboul, V. Pardeshi, R. Ali-Fehmi, D. Visscher, S. Bandyopadhyay, M. Cote
Introduction: The majority of the 1.6 million breast biopsies performed annually in the United States are benign; however, several breast cancer risk models consider a benign biopsy a factor that increases risk of subsequent breast cancer. Fibroadenomas (FA), benign tumors of epithelial and stromal tissue, occur frequently in premenopausal women and more frequently in African American (AA) women than European American (EA) women. A small increased risk of subsequent breast cancer due to FA has been reported in some studies of EA women. We sought to investigate whether the risk of this lesion differs for AA women. Methods: Benign breast biopsies from 3895 AA women diagnosed between 1997 and 2010 in metropolitan Detroit were reviewed for 12 benign features including FA, ductal ectasia, fibrosis, apocrine metaplasia, ductal hyperplasia, lobular hyperplasia, calcifications, cysts, intraductal papilloma, radial scar, sclerosing adenosis, and columnar alterations. These features were also used to categorize FA into simple and complex FA, where complex FA occurs when FA is accompanied by at least one of the following features: cysts, calcifications, apocrine metaplasia or intraductal papilloma. Women were followed for subsequent breast cancer using the Detroit Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. Associations between FA and other benign lesions were examined using chi-square tests. Risk of breast cancer was estimated by relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals calculated using logistic regression. All models were adjusted for age at biopsy and additionally adjusted for presence of proliferative disease with or without atypia. Results: Of the 3895 AA women, 46.5% presented with FA on biopsy. FA occurred more frequently in biopsies of younger women (p-value Conclusions: FA are negatively associated with other benign breast disease features. Risk of breast cancer may be reduced in women with FA compared to women with other types of benign lesions. These findings have important implications for modeling breast cancer risk particularly among AA women for whom FAs are common. Citation Format: Asra N. Shaik, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Visakha Pardeshi, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Daniel W. Visscher, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Michele L. Cote. Fibroadenomas on benign breast biopsy and subsequent breast cancer risk in an African American cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr A16.
简介:在美国每年进行的160万例乳腺活检中,大多数是良性的;然而,一些乳腺癌风险模型认为良性活检是增加后续乳腺癌风险的一个因素。纤维腺瘤(FA)是上皮组织和间质组织的良性肿瘤,常见于绝经前妇女,非裔美国妇女(AA)比欧裔美国妇女(EA)更常见。在一些对EA妇女的研究中报道了由于FA而导致的乳腺癌风险的小幅增加。我们试图调查AA女性患这种病变的风险是否不同。方法:回顾性分析1997 - 2010年在底特律市区诊断为AA的3895例乳腺良性活检,包括FA、导管扩张、纤维化、大汗腺化生、导管增生、小叶增生、钙化、囊肿、导管内乳头状瘤、径向瘢痕、硬化性腺病和柱状变等12种良性特征。这些特征也用于将FA分为简单FA和复杂FA,其中复杂FA发生时,FA至少伴有以下特征之一:囊肿,钙化,大汗腺化生或导管内乳头状瘤。使用底特律监测、流行病学和最终结果(SEER)癌症登记处对妇女进行后续乳腺癌随访。用卡方检验检验FA与其他良性病变之间的关系。乳腺癌风险通过相对风险比估计,95%置信区间使用逻辑回归计算。所有模型都根据活检时的年龄进行调整,并根据有无异型性增殖性疾病进行调整。结果:3895名AA女性中,46.5%的活检显示FA。FA在年轻女性活检中更常见(p值结论:FA与其他良性乳腺疾病特征呈负相关。与患有其他类型良性病变的女性相比,患FA的女性患乳腺癌的风险可能会降低。这些发现对建立乳腺癌风险模型具有重要意义,特别是在FAs常见的AA女性中。引文格式:Asra N. Shaik, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Visakha Pardeshi, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Daniel W. Visscher, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Michele L. Cote非裔美国人良性乳腺活检中的纤维腺瘤和随后的乳腺癌风险[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr A16。
{"title":"Abstract A16: Fibroadenomas on benign breast biopsy and subsequent breast cancer risk in an African American cohort","authors":"Asra N. Shaik, J. Ruterbusch, E. Abdulfatah, M. Ghanim, M. F. Daaboul, V. Pardeshi, R. Ali-Fehmi, D. Visscher, S. Bandyopadhyay, M. Cote","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-A16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The majority of the 1.6 million breast biopsies performed annually in the United States are benign; however, several breast cancer risk models consider a benign biopsy a factor that increases risk of subsequent breast cancer. Fibroadenomas (FA), benign tumors of epithelial and stromal tissue, occur frequently in premenopausal women and more frequently in African American (AA) women than European American (EA) women. A small increased risk of subsequent breast cancer due to FA has been reported in some studies of EA women. We sought to investigate whether the risk of this lesion differs for AA women. Methods: Benign breast biopsies from 3895 AA women diagnosed between 1997 and 2010 in metropolitan Detroit were reviewed for 12 benign features including FA, ductal ectasia, fibrosis, apocrine metaplasia, ductal hyperplasia, lobular hyperplasia, calcifications, cysts, intraductal papilloma, radial scar, sclerosing adenosis, and columnar alterations. These features were also used to categorize FA into simple and complex FA, where complex FA occurs when FA is accompanied by at least one of the following features: cysts, calcifications, apocrine metaplasia or intraductal papilloma. Women were followed for subsequent breast cancer using the Detroit Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. Associations between FA and other benign lesions were examined using chi-square tests. Risk of breast cancer was estimated by relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals calculated using logistic regression. All models were adjusted for age at biopsy and additionally adjusted for presence of proliferative disease with or without atypia. Results: Of the 3895 AA women, 46.5% presented with FA on biopsy. FA occurred more frequently in biopsies of younger women (p-value Conclusions: FA are negatively associated with other benign breast disease features. Risk of breast cancer may be reduced in women with FA compared to women with other types of benign lesions. These findings have important implications for modeling breast cancer risk particularly among AA women for whom FAs are common. Citation Format: Asra N. Shaik, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Visakha Pardeshi, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Daniel W. Visscher, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Michele L. Cote. Fibroadenomas on benign breast biopsy and subsequent breast cancer risk in an African American cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr A16.","PeriodicalId":9487,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82041902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-IA22
Erika A. Waters
Epidemiology identifies risk factors for cancer and other diseases based on the idea that conveying such information to healthcare providers, the general public, and policy makers will result in population-wide improvements in healthy behaviors and, consequently, population-wide improvements in health outcomes. These actions assume that the audience understands and uses the information to make health-related decisions. However, the language of epidemiology, which is steeped in probabilistic thinking, is not necessarily the language of the general public. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that the language of epidemiology is not particularly well-understood by policy makers or even, disconcertingly, by some healthcare providers. This presentation will accomplish three objectives. First, it will demonstrate how a user-friendly, Internet-based, personalized risk assessment tool that uses established principles of risk communication and is grounded in health behavior change theories can increase motivation to change behavior. It will accomplish this in the context of using Your Disease Risk to inform women about the association between physical activity and breast cancer risk. Second, it will illustrate the development of a novel personalized risk assessment tool that increases understanding of the link between lifestyle behaviors and overall health and wellness. Specifically, it translates cumulative incidence data about five diseases that cause significant morbidity and mortality (i.e., colon cancer, breast cancer (women), heart disease, diabetes, and stroke) into a tool that conveys personalized risk estimates in a comprehensible and useful way for laypeople from diverse socio-demographic backgrounds. The premise is that illustrating how a single behavior can affect the likelihood of developing several diseases could foster a more coherent and meaningful picture of the behavior9s importance in reducing health risks and could increase motivation to engage in the behavior. The behavioral context for this study is also physical activity. Third, this presentation discuss the limits of tools that convey only risk information and do not help users bridge the gap between wanting to change their behavior and having the knowledge, skills, and confidence to actually initiate and maintain such changes. Citation Format: Erika A. Waters. Using risk assessment tools to motivate behavior change. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.
流行病学确定癌症和其他疾病的风险因素,其依据是向医疗保健提供者、公众和政策制定者传达这些信息,将导致整个人口的健康行为得到改善,从而改善整个人口的健康结果。这些行动假定受众理解并使用这些信息来作出与健康有关的决定。然而,沉浸在概率思维中的流行病学语言并不一定是普通大众的语言。此外,越来越多的证据表明,决策者对流行病学的语言并不是特别了解,甚至有些医疗服务提供者也不太了解,这令人不安。这次演讲将实现三个目标。首先,它将展示一种用户友好的、基于互联网的、个性化的风险评估工具是如何使用既定的风险沟通原则并以健康行为改变理论为基础的,可以增加改变行为的动机。它将在使用“你的疾病风险”来告知妇女体育活动与乳腺癌风险之间的关系的背景下实现这一目标。其次,它将说明一种新的个性化风险评估工具的发展,这种工具可以增加对生活方式行为与整体健康和健康之间联系的理解。具体来说,它将五种导致重大发病率和死亡率的疾病(即结肠癌、乳腺癌(妇女)、心脏病、糖尿病和中风)的累积发病率数据转化为一种工具,以一种可理解和有用的方式向来自不同社会人口背景的外行人传达个性化的风险估计。前提是,说明单一行为如何影响几种疾病的可能性,可以促进对行为在降低健康风险方面的重要性的更连贯和有意义的描述,并可以增加参与这种行为的动机。这项研究的行为背景也是身体活动。第三,本演讲讨论了工具的局限性,这些工具只传达风险信息,而不能帮助用户弥合想要改变他们的行为与拥有知识、技能和信心之间的差距,以实际启动和维护这些变化。引用格式:Erika A. Waters。使用风险评估工具来激励行为改变。[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要/ Abstract
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Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-B12
O. Moran, Dina Nikitina, A. Gunasekara, M. Yaffe, K. Metcalfe, S. Narod, J. Kotsopoulos
Purpose: Mammographic density (MD) reflects the proportion of dense tissue in relation to non-dense tissue in the breast and is the strongest biological marker of breast cancer risk. MD is known to be higher among women with a family history compared to women in the general population. We have previously demonstrated that women with a strong family history of breast cancer but no BRCA mutation face an elevated lifetime risk of breast cancer estimated at 40% compared to 11% in the general population. Various lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and body mass index (BMI), have been shown to modify MD in the general population. It is of interest to determine if such an association exists among high-risk women. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between physical activity, BMI and MD in high-risk women. Methods: This study included 100 women enrolled in an on-going prospective study of high-risk women with a strong family history of breast cancer (two first-degree relatives with breast cancer under age 50 or three cases at any age) and no identified BRCA mutations in their families. Current physical activity levels and BMI were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Physical activity was defined as moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Two dichotomous variables were created to define high vs. low MVPA levels: 1) based on the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology guideline of 2.5 hours of MVPA per week and 2) the 75th percentile of MVPA in the sample (3.5 hours per week). A BMI of 25 or more was defined as high using the World Health Organization criteria of overweight. Mammograms were assigned a percentage of density (0 - 100%) using a computer-assisted method (Cumulus 6). Multivariate linear regression modelling was used to evaluate the relationships between both MVPA and BMI with MD while adjusting for age, menopausal status, and parity. BMI models also adjusted for MVPA (continuous) and MVPA models adjusted for BMI (continuous). Results: Among all women, those with a high BMI had significantly lower mean percent density compared to women with a low BMI (13% vs. 23%; P = 0.01). This association was stronger for premenopausal (27% vs. 37%; P = 0.06) vs. postmenopausal (12% vs. 20%; P = 0.10) women. Women who engaged in MVPA for 2.5 hours per week or more had significantly greater mean percent density compared to women who were less physically active (29% vs. 22%; P = 0.04). This relationship did not vary by menopausal status (P ≥ 0.15). Based on the 75th percentile of MVPA, women with high MVPA levels had significantly greater mean percent density compared to women with low MVPA levels (31% vs. 22%; P = 0.02). This relationship was significant for postmenopausal (26% vs. 13%; P = 0.04) but not premenopausal (31% vs. 25%; P = 0.27) women. Conclusion: In this cohort of high-risk women, high BMI was associated with lower MD that was suggestively stronger for premenopausal women. Although preliminary, these findings sugges
目的:乳腺密度(MD)反映乳腺中致密组织相对于非致密组织的比例,是乳腺癌风险最强的生物学标志物。众所周知,有家族病史的女性患MD的几率比一般人群中的女性高。我们之前已经证明,有强烈的乳腺癌家族史但没有BRCA突变的女性一生中患乳腺癌的风险估计为40%,而普通人群的这一风险为11%。各种生活方式因素,如体力活动和身体质量指数(BMI),已被证明可以改变普通人群的MD。确定这种关联是否存在于高危妇女中是有意义的。目的:探讨高危女性身体活动、BMI与MD的关系。方法:本研究纳入了100名女性,她们参加了一项正在进行的前瞻性研究,这些女性具有强烈的乳腺癌家族史(两名一级亲属患有50岁以下的乳腺癌或三例任何年龄的乳腺癌),她们的家庭中没有发现BRCA突变。目前的身体活动水平和身体质量指数是通过自我报告的问卷收集的。体力活动定义为中度至剧烈体力活动(MVPA)。创建了两个二分类变量来定义高与低MVPA水平:1)基于加拿大运动生理学协会每周2.5小时的MVPA指南,2)样本中第75百分位的MVPA(每周3.5小时)。根据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)的超重标准,BMI≥25被定义为超重。使用计算机辅助方法(Cumulus 6)为乳房x线照片分配密度百分比(0 - 100%)。在调整年龄、绝经状态和胎次的同时,使用多元线性回归模型评估MVPA和BMI与MD之间的关系。BMI模型也根据MVPA(连续)和MVPA模型根据BMI(连续)进行调整。结果:在所有女性中,BMI指数高的女性的平均百分比密度明显低于BMI指数低的女性(13%对23%;P = 0.01)。绝经前患者的相关性更强(27% vs 37%;P = 0.06) vs.绝经后(12% vs. 20%;P = 0.10)。每周从事MVPA 2.5小时或更长时间的女性与体力活动较少的女性相比,其平均百分比密度显著更高(29%对22%;P = 0.04)。这种关系没有因绝经状态而改变(P≥0.15)。根据MVPA的第75百分位,MVPA水平高的女性比MVPA水平低的女性有更大的平均百分比密度(31%比22%;P = 0.02)。这种关系在绝经后人群中更为显著(26% vs. 13%;P = 0.04),但绝经前(31% vs. 25%;P = 0.27)。结论:在这组高危妇女中,高BMI与低MD相关,绝经前妇女的低MD更明显。虽然是初步的,但这些发现提示了一种可能的机制,即生活方式因素可能影响高危女性的MD,并可能影响乳腺癌风险。需要更大样本量的进一步评估来阐明体力活动以及其他可改变因素与该女性队列中MD之间的关系。越来越多的证据支持将MD纳入乳腺癌风险预测模型,从而为患病风险增加的女性改善个体化治疗和预防策略。引文格式:Olivia M. Moran, Dina Nikitina, Anoma Gunasekara, Martin J. Yaffe, Kelly A. Metcalfe, Steven A. Narod, Joanne Kotsopoulos。BRCA突变阴性的高危女性,体力活动和体型对乳房x线摄影密度的影响[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要nr B12。
{"title":"Abstract B12: The effect of physical activity and body size on mammographic density in high-risk, BRCA mutation-negative women","authors":"O. Moran, Dina Nikitina, A. Gunasekara, M. Yaffe, K. Metcalfe, S. Narod, J. Kotsopoulos","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-B12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.CARISK16-B12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Mammographic density (MD) reflects the proportion of dense tissue in relation to non-dense tissue in the breast and is the strongest biological marker of breast cancer risk. MD is known to be higher among women with a family history compared to women in the general population. We have previously demonstrated that women with a strong family history of breast cancer but no BRCA mutation face an elevated lifetime risk of breast cancer estimated at 40% compared to 11% in the general population. Various lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and body mass index (BMI), have been shown to modify MD in the general population. It is of interest to determine if such an association exists among high-risk women. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between physical activity, BMI and MD in high-risk women. Methods: This study included 100 women enrolled in an on-going prospective study of high-risk women with a strong family history of breast cancer (two first-degree relatives with breast cancer under age 50 or three cases at any age) and no identified BRCA mutations in their families. Current physical activity levels and BMI were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Physical activity was defined as moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Two dichotomous variables were created to define high vs. low MVPA levels: 1) based on the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology guideline of 2.5 hours of MVPA per week and 2) the 75th percentile of MVPA in the sample (3.5 hours per week). A BMI of 25 or more was defined as high using the World Health Organization criteria of overweight. Mammograms were assigned a percentage of density (0 - 100%) using a computer-assisted method (Cumulus 6). Multivariate linear regression modelling was used to evaluate the relationships between both MVPA and BMI with MD while adjusting for age, menopausal status, and parity. BMI models also adjusted for MVPA (continuous) and MVPA models adjusted for BMI (continuous). Results: Among all women, those with a high BMI had significantly lower mean percent density compared to women with a low BMI (13% vs. 23%; P = 0.01). This association was stronger for premenopausal (27% vs. 37%; P = 0.06) vs. postmenopausal (12% vs. 20%; P = 0.10) women. Women who engaged in MVPA for 2.5 hours per week or more had significantly greater mean percent density compared to women who were less physically active (29% vs. 22%; P = 0.04). This relationship did not vary by menopausal status (P ≥ 0.15). Based on the 75th percentile of MVPA, women with high MVPA levels had significantly greater mean percent density compared to women with low MVPA levels (31% vs. 22%; P = 0.02). This relationship was significant for postmenopausal (26% vs. 13%; P = 0.04) but not premenopausal (31% vs. 25%; P = 0.27) women. Conclusion: In this cohort of high-risk women, high BMI was associated with lower MD that was suggestively stronger for premenopausal women. Although preliminary, these findings sugges","PeriodicalId":9487,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74702790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}