Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献_第2页

Favourable long-term outcomes in selected HER2-Positive early breast cancer patients without pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab: A pre–T-DM1 era cohort study 新辅助化疗和曲妥珠单抗后无病理完全缓解的her2阳性早期乳腺癌患者的长期预后良好：一项t - dm1时代前的队列研究

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101078

Ludovic Doucet , Camille Moreau-Bachelard , Laurent Mathiot , Olivier Kerdraon , Marie Robert , Julie Quintin , François Bocquet , Morgan Zenatri , Mario Campone , Jean-Sébastien Frenel

Background

Adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is the standard treatment for HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) patients who do not achieve a pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Given the heterogeneity within this population, we analyzed long-term outcomes in non-pCR HER2-positive EBC patients who received adjuvant trastuzumab prior to the availability of the KATHERINE trial results

Methods

This single-center cohort study included all HER2-positive EBC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our hospital between 2006 and 2017. Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox regression models were employed to assess long-term invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

This study included 103 patients, of which 67.0 % had a residual tumor size of ypT1, and 57.3 % had no residual tumor in the lymph nodes. The median follow-up was 9.3 years. At 3, 5, and 7 years, the iDFS rates were 78.3 %, 72.2 %, and 69.7 %, and the overall survival rates were 90.2 %, 83.3 %, and 79.8 %, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified ypT<2, ypN0, and estrogen receptor positivity as independent predictors of improved iDFS. Among patients with ypT<2, ypN0, and estrogen receptor-positive disease (34 out of 72 with estrogen receptor positivity), iDFS rates were notably high: 97 % (95 % CI: 91.3–100) at 3 years, and 90.9 % (95 % CI: 81.6–100) at both 5 and 7 years.

Conclusion

Patients without a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus trastuzumab represent a heterogeneous group. Those with ypT<2, ypN0, and ER-positive residual disease may still achieve excellent iDFS and OS despite absence of adjuvant T-DM1.

背景：辅助曲妥珠单抗emtansine （T-DM1）是新辅助化疗（NAC）后未达到病理完全缓解（pCR）的her2阳性早期乳腺癌（EBC）患者的标准治疗。考虑到该人群的异质性，我们分析了KATHERINE试验之前接受辅助曲妥珠单抗治疗的非pcr her2阳性EBC患者的长期结局。方法：这项单中心队列研究纳入了2006年至2017年在我院接受新辅助化疗的所有her2阳性EBC患者。采用Kaplan-Meier和多变量Cox回归模型评估长期侵袭性无病生存期（iDFS）和总生存期（OS）。结果：本研究纳入103例患者，67.0%肿瘤残留大小为ypT1, 57.3%淋巴结未见肿瘤残留。中位随访时间为9.3年。在3、5和7年时，iDFS率分别为78.3%、72.2%和69.7%，总生存率分别为90.2%、83.3%和79.8%。结论：新辅助化疗联合曲妥珠单抗后无病理完全缓解的患者是一个异质性群体。有ypT的人

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引用次数: 0

Understanding Patient and Oncologist Preferences in the Management of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma 了解患者和肿瘤学家在转移性肾细胞癌治疗中的偏好。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101067

Omid Yazdanpanah , Aditya Mahadevan , David J. Benjamin , Elham Vosoughi , Ali Raad , Madina Popal , Piyanuch Kongtim , Nataliya Mar , Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty

Introduction

Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has expanded with development of combination therapies containing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) agents or dual ICI agents. However, patient preferences may not necessarily be incorporated into management decisions. We aimed to understand patient preferences in the management of mRCC and compare it with oncologists’ perspectives.

Methods

A single-arm, prospective study surveyed patients with mRCC utilizing a questionnaire containing descriptions of 5 treatment options in simple language. Patients rated their preference for each option on a scale from 1 (least preferred) to 10 (most preferred). The same questionnaire plus basic de-identified patients' characteristics were provided to 2 academic oncologists and 1 community oncologist.

Results

A total of 54 patients were surveyed. The most preferred patient treatment option was TKI with mean score of 7.9 while the least popular was early phase clinical trials (CTs) with a mean score of 5.9 (p < 0.01). Patient’s employment status, speaking language, and denovo metastatic disease were the variables found to be associated with likelihood of picking a particular treatment option. Among oncologists, the most selected treatment options were enrollment in early and late phase CTs with mean scores of 7.61 and 7.52 respectively and single-agent TKI was least preferred with a mean score of 5.69 (p < 0.01). Age and performance status influenced oncologist therapy choices based on the multivariable analysis.

Conclusions

This study unveils differences between patients and oncologists’ treatment preferences for mRCC and underscores the importance of individualized discussion with each patient to evaluate his or her therapeutic objectives.

随着酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）与免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）药物或双重ICI药物的联合治疗的发展，转移性肾细胞癌（mRCC）的治疗已经扩大。然而，患者的偏好可能不一定会纳入管理决策。我们旨在了解患者对mRCC管理的偏好，并将其与肿瘤学家的观点进行比较。方法：一项单臂前瞻性研究对mRCC患者进行了问卷调查，问卷用简单的语言描述了5种治疗方案。患者对每种选择的偏好从1（最不喜欢）到10（最喜欢）进行评分。2名学术肿瘤学家和1名社区肿瘤学家提供了相同的问卷和基本的未识别患者特征。结果：共调查54例患者。患者最喜欢的治疗方案是TKI，平均评分为7.9分，而最不受欢迎的是早期临床试验（CTs），平均评分为5.9分（p < 0.01）。患者的就业状况、说话语言和复发转移性疾病是与选择特定治疗方案的可能性相关的变量。在肿瘤学家中，最受欢迎的治疗方案是早期和晚期ct的纳入，平均评分分别为7.61和7.52，最不受欢迎的是单药TKI，平均评分为5.69 （p < 0.01）。基于多变量分析，年龄和体能状况影响肿瘤医生的治疗选择。结论：本研究揭示了患者和肿瘤学家对mRCC治疗偏好的差异，并强调了与每位患者进行个性化讨论以评估其治疗目标的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Pro-apoptotic effects of metformin and cisplatin in non-small cell Lung Cancer: Modulation of apoptosis-related genes and LncRNAs 二甲双胍和顺铂在非小细胞肺癌中的促凋亡作用：凋亡相关基因和lncrna的调节。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101069

Nazanin Sadeghi , Fatemeh Soleimanifar , Elmira Attar , Hamed Haddad Kashani , Romina Ghayoumi , Seyed-Alireza Etesami

Background

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While cisplatin is a cornerstone of chemotherapy, metformin (Glucophage) has shown anti-cancer potential. This study investigated the effects of cisplatin and metformin (Glucophage) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, focusing on their combined impact on apoptosis-related genes and lncRNAs.

Methods

The A549 (NSCLC) and MRC5 (normal fibroblast) cell lines were treated with cisplatin, metformin (Glucophage), or a combination thereof. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, and apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry. Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, PVT1, and MEG3 was analyzed by qRT-PCR.

Results

Both cisplatin and metformin (Glucophage) individually reduced A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Combination Index (CI) analysis revealed an additive interaction (CI = 0.935) between the two agents. This combination was associated with an upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax and lncRNA MEG3, and a downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and oncogenic lncRNA PVT1.

Conclusion

The combination of cisplatin and metformin (Glucophage) exerts an additive cytotoxic effect and induces apoptosis in NSCLC cells in vitro. This effect is associated with a favorable modulation of key apoptosis-regulating genes and lncRNAs. These findings provide a strong rationale for further mechanistic and preclinical investigation of this combination therapy for lung cancer.

背景：肺癌是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。顺铂是化疗的基础，二甲双胍（Glucophage）已显示出抗癌潜力。本研究探讨顺铂和二甲双胍（Glucophage）对非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）细胞的影响，重点关注它们对凋亡相关基因和lncrna的联合影响。方法：A549 （NSCLC）和MRC5（正常成纤维细胞）细胞系用顺铂、二甲双胍（Glucophage）或其联合治疗。MTT法检测细胞活力，流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。采用qRT-PCR分析Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase 3、PVT1、MEG3的表达。结果：顺铂和二甲双胍（Glucophage）分别以剂量依赖的方式降低A549细胞活力。联合指数（CI）分析显示两剂之间存在加性相互作用（CI = 0.935）。这种组合与促凋亡的Bax和lncRNA MEG3的上调以及抗凋亡的Bcl-2和致癌的lncRNA PVT1的下调有关。结论：顺铂联合二甲双胍（Glucophage）对体外非小细胞肺癌细胞具有加性细胞毒作用，可诱导细胞凋亡。这种作用与关键凋亡调节基因和lncrna的有利调节有关。这些发现为进一步研究这种联合治疗肺癌的机制和临床前研究提供了强有力的依据。

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引用次数: 0

Yield of repeat gastric biopsies and Helicobacter pylori serological assessment in Lynch syndrome Lynch综合征重复胃活检产率及幽门螺杆菌血清学评估。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101081

Jessica Vadaketh , Jake Konigsberg , Omar Elghawy , Kevin Dinh , Linda Zhu , Julia Youngman , Michaela Dungan , Marya Pulaski , Jessica M. Long , Kole H. Buckley , Bryson W. Katona

Background

Upper gastrointestinal surveillance in Lynch syndrome (LS) remains an ongoing debate; some guidelines recommend upper endoscopy with non-targeted biopsies of the gastric antrum/body to detect Helicobacter pylori (HP) and/or gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). However, whether non-targeted gastric biopsies should be repeated on successive upper endoscopies remains uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to determine the yield of repeat non-targeted gastric antrum/body biopsies and assess the HP seropositivity of a LS cohort.

Methods

Clinical and pathology data were collected retrospectively from LS carriers who underwent upper endoscopy with non-targeted gastric biopsies. Plasma samples from a LS biobank were tested for HP IgG positivity.

Results

Amongst 683 LS carriers, there were 291 (43 %) with 1+, 145 (21 %) with 2+, and 45 (7 %) with 3+ upper endoscopies with non-targeted gastric antrum and body biopsies performed. The overall prevalence of GIM on those endoscopies was 8 % and the rate of HP was 3 %. Of individuals without GIM detected on the initial upper endoscopy, 4 % had GIM identified on their second, and 2 % had GIM identified on a third or greater upper endoscopy after having two prior upper endoscopies without GIM identified. There was no additional HP identified on subsequent endoscopies. Plasma HP IgG positivity amongst 257 LS carriers was 14 %.

Conclusions

Amongst a LS cohort undergoing serial upper endoscopies, repeat gastric antrum/body biopsies yielded new cases of GIM, providing support for consideration of non-targeted gastric biopsies on all upper endoscopies performed in LS. Additionally, although endoscopic HP detection rates are low, HP exposure in LS is more common.

背景：Lynch综合征（LS）的上胃肠道监测仍然是一个持续的争论；一些指南建议采用胃窦/胃体非靶向活检的上内镜检查来检测幽门螺杆菌（HP）和/或胃肠道化生（GIM）。然而，非靶向胃活检是否应该在连续的上胃镜检查中重复仍然不确定。因此，我们的目的是确定重复非靶向胃窦/身体活检的产量，并评估LS队列的HP血清阳性。方法：回顾性收集LS患者的临床和病理资料，这些患者接受了上胃镜检查和非靶向胃活检。对LS生物库的血浆样本进行HP IgG阳性检测。结果：683例LS携带者中，1+ 291例（43%），2+ 145例（21%），3+上胃镜检查45例（7%），非靶向胃窦和身体活检。在这些内窥镜检查中，GIM的总体患病率为8%，HP的患病率为3%。在首次上肢内窥镜检查未发现GIM的个体中，4%的人在第二次内窥镜检查中发现了GIM， 2%的人在两次未发现GIM的上肢内窥镜检查后在第三次或更多次内窥镜检查中发现了GIM。在随后的内窥镜检查中没有发现额外的HP。257例LS携带者血浆HP IgG阳性率为14%。结论：在接受一系列上胃镜检查的LS队列中，重复胃窦/体活检产生了新的GIM病例，这为考虑在LS患者进行的所有上胃镜检查中进行非靶向胃活检提供了支持。此外，尽管内窥镜HP检出率很低，但LS中HP暴露更为常见。

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引用次数: 0

Routine brain MRI in suspected lung cancer: clinical justification and diagnostic yield 疑似肺癌的常规脑MRI：临床依据和诊断率。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101083

Camilla Hviid , Christian B Laursen , Pia Iben Pietersen , Anne Lerberg Nielsen , Lotte Holm Land , Anja Gouliaev , Arman Arshad , Uffe Bodtger , Amanda Dandanell Jull

Background

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Brain metastases are common and associated with poor prognosis. While MRI is highly sensitive for detecting brain metastases, the clinical value of routinely adding up-front MRI to PET/CT during initial staging remains debated. This study focuses on suspected lung cancer patients, integrating workflow data (MRI waiting time, MDT availability) to evaluate up-front brain MRI and its impact on clinical decision-making.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 183 patients with suspected lung cancer referred for up-front brain MRI at Odense University Hospital between March-August 2021. All patients underwent pre-diagnostic PET/CT, and brain MRI was performed in cases with suspected stage II-IV disease (TNM 8th edition).

Results

Brain metastases were detected by MRI in 21/183 patients (11.5%), predominantly from primary lung cancer (n = 19, 90.4%). Among patients with confirmed lung cancer (n = 134), the prevalence was 14.2% (19/134), corresponding to a number needed to scan (NNS) of 7.1; across the full cohort, the NNS was 8.7. MRI led to upstaging to stage IV disease in 3/134 lung cancer patients (2.2%), resulting in a NNS of 44.7. PET/CT had a positive predictive value of 57.1% and a negative predictive value of 90.3%, indicating limited reliability detecting brain metastases.

Conclusion

Routine up-front brain MRI identified brain metastases in a small but clinically relevant subset of patients, primarily those with signs of dissemination on initial PET/CT. A risk-stratified approach targeting high-risk groups may reduce MRI use without compromising detection, improving staging efficiency and resource allocation.

背景：肺癌是世界范围内癌症相关死亡的主要原因。脑转移瘤很常见，且预后较差。虽然MRI对检测脑转移非常敏感，但在初始阶段常规增加PET/CT的临床价值仍存在争议。本研究以疑似肺癌患者为研究对象，整合工作流程数据（MRI等待时间、MDT可用性）评估脑MRI预检及其对临床决策的影响。方法：这项回顾性队列研究纳入了2021年3月至8月期间在欧登塞大学医院接受预先脑MRI检查的183例疑似肺癌患者。所有患者均行诊断前PET/CT检查，疑似II-IV期患者行脑MRI检查（TNM第8版）。结果：MRI检查发现脑转移21/183例（11.5%），主要来自原发性肺癌（n = 19, 90.4%）。在确诊肺癌患者（n = 134）中，患病率为14.2%(19/134)，对应于需要扫描的数字（NNS）为7.1；在整个队列中，NNS为8.7。3/134例肺癌患者（2.2%）MRI导致疾病提前至IV期，NNS为44.7。PET/CT阳性预测值为57.1%，阴性预测值为90.3%，提示检测脑转移的可靠性有限。结论：常规脑MRI在一小部分但临床相关的患者中发现了脑转移，主要是那些在初始PET/CT上有播散迹象的患者。针对高危人群的风险分层方法可以在不影响检测的情况下减少MRI的使用，提高分期效率和资源分配。

{"title":"Routine brain MRI in suspected lung cancer: clinical justification and diagnostic yield","authors":"Camilla Hviid , Christian B Laursen , Pia Iben Pietersen , Anne Lerberg Nielsen , Lotte Holm Land , Anja Gouliaev , Arman Arshad , Uffe Bodtger , Amanda Dandanell Jull","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Brain metastases are common and associated with poor prognosis. While MRI is highly sensitive for detecting brain metastases, the clinical value of routinely adding up-front MRI to PET/CT during initial staging remains debated. This study focuses on suspected lung cancer patients, integrating workflow data (MRI waiting time, MDT availability) to evaluate up-front brain MRI and its impact on clinical decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included 183 patients with suspected lung cancer referred for up-front brain MRI at Odense University Hospital between March-August 2021. All patients underwent pre-diagnostic PET/CT, and brain MRI was performed in cases with suspected stage II-IV disease (TNM 8th edition).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Brain metastases were detected by MRI in 21/183 patients (11.5%), predominantly from primary lung cancer (<em>n</em> = 19, 90.4%). Among patients with confirmed lung cancer (<em>n</em> = 134), the prevalence was 14.2% (19/134), corresponding to a number needed to scan (NNS) of 7.1; across the full cohort, the NNS was 8.7. MRI led to upstaging to stage IV disease in 3/134 lung cancer patients (2.2%), resulting in a NNS of 44.7. PET/CT had a positive predictive value of 57.1% and a negative predictive value of 90.3%, indicating limited reliability detecting brain metastases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Routine up-front brain MRI identified brain metastases in a small but clinically relevant subset of patients, primarily those with signs of dissemination on initial PET/CT. A risk-stratified approach targeting high-risk groups may reduce MRI use without compromising detection, improving staging efficiency and resource allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Somatic gene mutations and their association with treatment outcomes among Indo-Asian Lung Cancer patients 印度-亚洲肺癌患者的体细胞基因突变及其与治疗结果的关系

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101039

Safeena Kulsum , Anuja Pradhan , Pragnya Coca , Shaesta Naseem Zaidi , Nisheena Raghavan , Pradeep Narayan

Background

Insight on genetic mutation has essentially helped clinicians in determining treatment outcomes in lung cancer (LC) due to precision and personalized approach. This study evaluates the mutation trends, treatment responses, prognosis and overall survival (OS) 6 months to 2-years of Indo-Asian LC patients at our tertiary care centre.

Methodology

A retrospective study was conducted on LC patients diagnosed between May 2023 and December 2024 at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center. Data were collected on patient demographics, genetic mutation profiles (EGFR, ALK, ROS1, P53, KRAS), treatment modalities, and treatment outcomes. Survival was estimated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.

Results

Among 132 patients who underwent molecular testing, the most frequent alterations were EGFR (23.2 %), P53 (17.7 %), KRAS (8.4 %), ALK (5.4 %), and ROS1 (4.4 %). Most patients (86.7 %) presented with advanced disease. Targeted therapies were received by 45 patients; gefitinib was the most common agent. Median overall survival was 16 months in NSCLC, compared to 8-months in SCLC. EGFR mutations trended toward improved prognosis, whereas KRAS mutations were associated with poorer responses.

Conclusion

This retrospective study highlights the molecular heterogeneity among lung cancer patients with EGFR and P53 being most frequent. While targeted therapies improved outcomes in mutation-positive patients, KRAS mutations correlated with resistance. Broader access to molecular testing and targeted treatments is essential for optimizing care in resource-limited settings.

背景：由于精确和个性化的方法，对基因突变的了解基本上帮助临床医生确定肺癌（LC）的治疗结果。本研究评估了我们三级护理中心的印亚裔LC患者的突变趋势、治疗反应、预后和6个月至2年的总生存期（OS）。方法：对2023年5月至2024年12月在Mazumdar Shaw医疗中心诊断的LC患者进行回顾性研究。收集了患者人口统计学、基因突变谱（EGFR、ALK、ROS1、P53、KRAS）、治疗方式和治疗结果的数据。使用Kaplan-Meier分析估计生存率。结果：在132例接受分子检测的患者中，最常见的改变是EGFR（23.2%）、P53（17.7%）、KRAS（8.4%）、ALK（5.4%）和ROS1（4.4%）。大多数患者（86.7%）表现为疾病晚期。45例患者接受靶向治疗；吉非替尼是最常见的药物。NSCLC的中位总生存期为16个月，而SCLC的中位总生存期为8个月。EGFR突变倾向于改善预后，而KRAS突变与较差的预后相关。结论：本回顾性研究强调肺癌患者的分子异质性以EGFR和P53最为常见。虽然靶向治疗改善了突变阳性患者的预后，但KRAS突变与耐药性相关。在资源有限的环境中，更广泛地获得分子检测和靶向治疗对于优化护理至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101093

Ian Osoro , Shribhavana Jawahar , Akila Murugan , Haritha Muthukumaran , Seetharaman Shanmuganathan , M G Rajanandh

Background and aim

Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in cancer treatment due to several reasons, including high doses of drugs and multiple medications. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of DRPs and to evaluate the types, causes and risk factors of DRPs in pediatric, adult and geriatric cancer patients.

Methods

Studies investigating DRPs in paediatric, adult, and geriatric cancer patients were searched in electronic bibliographical databases. The protocol has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022352133). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used to perform quality assessments of the extracted data.

Results

A total of 4211 unique titles were identified; with 35 meeting the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of DRPs in paediatric, adult, and geriatric cancer patients were reported between 2.6% - 88%. Variations in age group, cancer types and different DDI screening tools are key factors in the heterogeneity observed. The most common DRPs included drug-drug interactions (DDI) (4–96%), adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (13 – 87.3%), the need for additional drug therapy (50%), and potentially inappropriate medications (50%). Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide, Tramadol and proton pump inhibitors were common drugs and drug classes causing DRPs. The most common factors associated with DRPs were the presence of comorbidity, age, polypharmacy, and poor renal function.

Conclusion

Among the various DRPs, DDIs and ADRs were the most common with cancer treatment in paediatric, adult, and geriatric patients. Healthcare providers should carefully monitor patients receiving cancer treatment and manage DRPs as they arise for better patient care.

背景与目的：药物相关问题（DRPs）在癌症治疗中很常见，原因包括高剂量药物和多种药物治疗。本研究旨在评估儿童、成人和老年癌症患者中DRPs的患病率，并评估DRPs的类型、原因和危险因素。方法：在电子文献数据库中检索有关儿童、成人和老年癌症患者DRPs的研究。该协议已在PROSPERO注册（CRD42022352133）。乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）工具被用来对提取的数据进行质量评估。结果：共鉴定出4211个独特题名；符合入选标准的有35个。据报道，DRPs在儿童、成人和老年癌症患者中的患病率在2.6% - 88%之间。年龄组、癌症类型和不同DDI筛查工具的差异是观察到异质性的关键因素。最常见的drp包括药物-药物相互作用（DDI）（4-96%）、药物不良反应（adr）（13 - 87.3%）、需要额外药物治疗（50%）和可能不适当的药物治疗（50%）。阿霉素、环磷酰胺、曲马多和质子泵抑制剂是引起DRPs的常见药物和药物类别。与DRPs相关的最常见因素是合并症、年龄、多种药物和肾功能不佳。结论：在各种drp中，ddi和adr在儿童、成人和老年患者的癌症治疗中最为常见。医疗保健提供者应仔细监测接受癌症治疗的患者，并在出现drp时对其进行管理，以便更好地治疗患者。

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引用次数: 0

Hematologic malignancies and an overview of emerging therapies for hematologic malignancies: a systematic review 恶性血液病和恶性血液病新疗法的概述：系统回顾

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101074

Kazem Ghaffari , Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad , Masoud Etedali , Shaban Alizadeh , Ali Ghasemi

Hematologic malignancies remain a major therapeutic challenge due to disease heterogeneity, treatment resistance, and significant toxicity associated with conventional therapies. In recent years, rapid advances in molecular oncology and immunotherapy have led to the development of multiple emerging therapeutic strategies. This review synthesizes evidence on novel approaches, including targeted therapies such as BTK inhibitors (e.g., ibrutinib), BCL-2 inhibitors (e.g., venetoclax), FLT3 and JAK inhibitors, and next-generation monoclonal and bispecific antibodies that enhance immune-mediated cytotoxicity. In addition, gene- and cell-based modalities—including CAR T-cell therapy and CRISPR-mediated gene correction—have demonstrated promising efficacy, particularly in relapsed or refractory leukemia and lymphoma. Despite these advances, significant limitations remain, including treatment-related toxicities, mechanisms of resistance, high relapse rates after CAR-T therapy, and substantial financial and accessibility barriers. Gaps in predictive biomarkers, optimal sequencing of therapies, and long-term safety also limit widespread implementation. Precision medicine approaches, driven by molecular diagnostics and genomic profiling, continue to refine individualized treatment strategies and hold potential to overcome current challenges. Overall, this review provides an updated and comprehensive evaluation of emerging therapeutic modalities in hematologic malignancies and outlines key areas where further research is critically needed.

由于疾病异质性、治疗耐药性和与常规治疗相关的显著毒性，血液恶性肿瘤仍然是一个主要的治疗挑战。近年来，分子肿瘤学和免疫治疗的快速发展导致了多种新兴治疗策略的发展。本综述综合了新方法的证据，包括靶向治疗，如BTK抑制剂（如伊鲁替尼），BCL-2抑制剂（如venetoclax）， FLT3和JAK抑制剂，以及增强免疫介导的细胞毒性的下一代单克隆和双特异性抗体。此外，基于基因和细胞的治疗方式——包括CAR - t细胞治疗和crispr介导的基因校正——已经证明了有希望的疗效，特别是在复发或难治性白血病和淋巴瘤中。尽管取得了这些进展，但仍存在显著的局限性，包括治疗相关的毒性、耐药机制、CAR-T治疗后的高复发率，以及大量的经济和可及性障碍。在预测性生物标志物、最佳治疗序列和长期安全性方面的差距也限制了广泛实施。在分子诊断和基因组分析的推动下，精准医学方法继续完善个体化治疗策略，并具有克服当前挑战的潜力。总的来说，这篇综述提供了最新的和全面的评价新出现的治疗方式在血液系统恶性肿瘤和概述关键领域，其中需要进一步的研究是至关重要的。

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引用次数: 0

Research progress on the regulation of microRNAs by traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma 中药调控microrna在肝癌防治中的研究进展。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101072

Yanran Wu , Yu Deng , Yuhan Wang , Jinxiao Li , Guangtao Pan

This review systematically summarizes the research progress on the regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide, the efficacy of current therapeutic strategies for HCC remains limited due to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance, necessitating the exploration of novel treatment approaches. TCM, with its multi-target regulatory advantages, has demonstrated unique potential in influencing HCC progression by modulating miRNA expression, thereby affecting tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. This review provides an in-depth discussion of the biological pathways involved in TCM-mediated miRNA regulation, including transmembrane transport, targeted modulation, and bio-carrier-mediated delivery mechanisms. The dual role of miRNAs in HCC as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes is extensively analyzed. Moreover, we highlight the key mechanisms by which TCM modulates miRNA expression, such as epigenetic regulation, signal transduction pathway intervention, and anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects, ultimately influencing HCC progression. Additionally, the clinical significance of serum miRNAs in HCC diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and correlation with pathological characteristics is discussed. Finally, we explore the challenges and future directions in HBV-associated HCC treatment via miRNA modulation, providing new insights into HCC prevention and therapeutic strategies.

本文系统综述了中医药调控microrna （miRNAs）在预防和治疗肝细胞癌（HCC）中的研究进展。作为世界范围内最常见和最致命的恶性肿瘤之一，由于肿瘤的异质性和耐药性，目前的治疗策略对HCC的疗效仍然有限，需要探索新的治疗方法。中药具有多靶点调控优势，通过调节miRNA表达影响HCC进展，从而影响肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭，显示出独特的潜力。这篇综述深入讨论了中药介导的miRNA调控的生物学途径，包括跨膜转运、靶向调节和生物载体介导的递送机制。mirna在HCC中作为肿瘤抑制因子或致癌基因的双重作用被广泛分析。此外，我们强调了中药调节miRNA表达的关键机制，如表观遗传调控、信号转导通路干预、抗炎和免疫调节作用，最终影响HCC的进展。此外，还讨论了血清mirna在HCC诊断、预后评估以及与病理特征的相关性中的临床意义。最后，我们探讨了通过miRNA调控hbv相关HCC治疗的挑战和未来方向，为HCC的预防和治疗策略提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Trends in breast cancer incidence, age at diagnosis, and stage in Saudi Arabia, 2002–2022: a population-based study 2002-2022年沙特阿拉伯乳腺癌发病率、诊断年龄和分期趋势：一项基于人群的研究

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101077

Bader Alshamsan

Background

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women worldwide. Long-term national data from Saudi Arabia are limited; this study analyzed 21 years of registry data to describe incidence patterns and trends.

Methods

Data from the nationwide Saudi Cancer Registry (2002–2022), which ensures comprehensive coverage and high data quality, were analyzed. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR), histology, and stage were extracted and summarized descriptively. Temporal trends were assessed using the Joinpoint Regression Program to estimate annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95 % confidence intervals.

Results

A total of 37,516 female and 639 male breast cancer cases were reported from 2002 to 2022. The ASR increased from 12.6 to 49.7 per 100,000 (AAPC 5.6 %, 95 % CI: 4.5–6.7, p < 0.0001). Incidence rose steadily with a sharp surge in 2020–2022, briefly interrupted by a COVID-19-related dip. Median age at diagnosis increased from 46 to 52 years (p = 0.003). The steepest increase occurred among women aged 70–74 (APC 8.3 %). Breast cancer increased from 21.1 % to >30 % of female cancers since 2015, while it remained rare in men (<1 %). Stage distribution shifted toward earlier detection, with localized disease rising from 26 % to 52 %.

Conclusion

Breast cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia has increased at one of the fastest rates worldwide (AAPC 5.6 % vs. 0.5–1 % in high-income countries). The increase is accompanied by stage migration and an upward shift in median age at diagnosis. With the sharpest increases in older women and rising life expectancy, prioritizing expanded mammogram screening coverage and breast-care service capacity is essential for future planning.

背景：乳腺癌是世界范围内女性的主要癌症。来自沙特阿拉伯的长期国家数据有限；本研究分析了21年的登记数据来描述发病率模式和趋势。方法：分析来自沙特全国癌症登记处（2002-2022）的数据，以确保全面覆盖和高数据质量。提取年龄标准化发病率（ASR）、组织学和分期并进行描述性总结。使用Joinpoint回归程序评估时间趋势，以95%的置信区间估计年变化百分比（APC）和平均年变化百分比（AAPC）。结果：2002 - 2022年共报告女性乳腺癌37516例，男性乳腺癌639例。ASR从12.6 / 100,000增加到49.7 / 100,000 （AAPC 5.6%, 95% CI: 4.5-6.7, p < 0.0001）。发病率稳步上升，在2020-2022年期间急剧上升，短暂中断了与covid -19相关的下降。诊断时的中位年龄从46岁增加到52岁（p = 0.003）。70-74岁女性的增幅最大（APC为8.3%）。自2015年以来，乳腺癌在女性癌症中的发病率从21.1%上升到bb30 %，而在男性中仍然很少见(结论：沙特阿拉伯的乳腺癌发病率是世界上增长最快的国家之一（AAPC 5.6%，高收入国家为0.5- 1%）。增加伴随着阶段迁移和诊断时中位年龄的上升。随着老年妇女人数的急剧增加和预期寿命的延长，优先考虑扩大乳房x光检查覆盖面和乳房护理服务能力对未来规划至关重要。

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引用次数: 0