Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献_第4页

Characterization of POU2F3-expressing large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: A comprehensive analysis of morphology, immunohistochemistry, and genomic alterations 表达pou2f3的肺大细胞神经内分泌癌的特征：形态学、免疫组织化学和基因组改变的综合分析

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101113

Ryota Matsuoka , Kei Asayama , Tomoki Nakagawa , Yoshihiko Murata , Ayako Suzuki , Yutaka Suzuki , Naohiro Kobayashi , Yukio Sato , Nobuyuki Hizawa , Hiroyoshi Tsubochi , Shunsuke Endo , Koichi Hagiwara , Toshiro Niki , Noriyoshi Fukushima , Kentaro Inamura , Daisuke Matsubara

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the lung that is characterized by its heterogeneous morphology, diverse immunophenotypes, and complex genomic profiles. Among LCNECs, a subset expressing the transcription factor POU2F3 (LCNEC-P) has been suggested to share similarities with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)-P, a subtype of SCLC defined by POU2F3 expression. However, the specific characteristics of LCNEC-P have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to clarify the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and genetic characteristics of LCNEC-P.

Fifty-six LCNEC cases were analyzed, including 12 LCNEC-P and 44 LCNEC-non-P cases. Morphologically, LCNEC-P exhibited significantly lower cytomorphology scores, indicating a resemblance to SCLC. Immunohistochemically, LCNEC-P showed the lower expression of neuroendocrine markers (SYP, CHGA, and INSM1), but the higher expression of C-MYC than LCNEC-non-P. A strong mutually exclusive expression pattern was observed between POU2F3 and ASCL1/NEUROD1. Whole-genome sequencing of 20 cases revealed that LCNEC-P harbored RB1 mutations in 100 % of cases, which was significantly higher than in LCNEC-non-P (40 %). FGFR1 amplification was observed in 60 % of LCNEC-P cases, representing a higher prevalence than previously reported for LCNEC. In addition, LCNEC-P showed a distinct copy number alteration profile, including frequent 20q13 amplification, compared with LCNEC-non-P.

These results demonstrate that LCNEC-P represents a distinct subgroup of LCNEC that is characterized by a specific morphological, immunohistochemical, and genetic profile, closely resembling SCLC-P. This study provides insights into the biology of LCNEC-P and supports its classification as a unique entity within LCNEC.

大细胞神经内分泌癌（LCNEC）是一种肺神经内分泌癌（NEC），其特征是其异质形态、多种免疫表型和复杂的基因组图谱。在LCNECs中，一个表达转录因子POU2F3的亚群（lcnecc -P）被认为与小细胞肺癌(SCLC)-P有相似之处，小细胞肺癌是由POU2F3表达定义的SCLC亚型。然而，LCNEC-P的具体特性尚未完全阐明。因此，本研究的目的是阐明LCNEC-P的临床病理、免疫组织化学和遗传特征。分析56例LCNEC病例，其中LCNEC- p 12例，LCNEC-非p 44例。形态学上，LCNEC-P表现出明显较低的细胞形态学评分，表明与SCLC相似。免疫组化结果显示，LCNEC-P组神经内分泌标志物（SYP、CHGA、INSM1）的表达较LCNEC-non-P组低，而C-MYC的表达高于LCNEC-non-P组。POU2F3与ASCL1/NEUROD1之间存在强烈的互斥表达模式。对20例病例的全基因组测序显示，LCNEC-P 100%的病例携带RB1突变，显著高于LCNEC-non-P（40%）。在60%的LCNEC- p病例中观察到FGFR1扩增，这比先前报道的LCNEC的患病率更高。此外，与LCNEC-non-P相比，LCNEC-P表现出明显的拷贝数改变特征，包括频繁的20q13扩增。这些结果表明LCNEC- p代表了LCNEC的一个独特的亚群，其特征是具有特定的形态学，免疫组织化学和遗传谱，与SCLC-P非常相似。这项研究提供了对LCNEC- p生物学的见解，并支持其作为LCNEC内独特实体的分类。

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引用次数: 0

Chemotherapy-induced liver injury in Tibetan breast cancer patients: clinical features and risk factor analysis 藏族乳腺癌患者化疗性肝损伤的临床特点及危险因素分析

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101111

Quzhen Ciren , Zhen Se , Wangmu Sangdan , Puchi Suolang , Yulan Zhao , Yiqun Li , Yuchao Ma

Objective

To conduct the first analysis of the clinical characteristics and factors affecting drug-induced liver injury following neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in the Xizang region.

Methods

Overall, 246 patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated at the People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region from June 2016 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, among whom 71 patients received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Liver injury was defined as elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, or total bilirubin beyond the upper limit of normal from the initiation of chemotherapy to 3 months post-chemotherapy. The severity was assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. Cases with alternative etiologies, such as viral hepatitis reactivation, were excluded. Factors influencing drug-induced liver injury were analyzed. A univariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test, whereas a multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. The difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.05.

Results

The median age of all patients was 51 years (range, 28–71 years). Liver injury was observed in 37 cases (52.1%), and 89.2% of them had Grade I-II injury. Both univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that receiving concomitant anti-HER-2 targeted therapy (OR=6.290, 95%CI: 1.617-24.472, p=0.008) was a risk factor for chemotherapy-induced liver injury.

Conclusion

Receiving concurrent anti-HER-2 targeted therapy is a major risk factor for post-chemotherapy liver function injury for patients with breast cancer in the Xizang region, and the monitoring of liver function levels should be strengthened in such patients.

目的首次分析西藏地区乳腺癌新辅助和辅助化疗后药物性肝损伤的临床特点及影响因素。方法回顾性分析2016年6月至2023年8月西藏自治区人民医院诊治的246例乳腺癌患者，其中71例接受了新辅助或辅助化疗。肝损伤定义为从化疗开始至化疗后3个月，丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶或总胆红素水平超过正常上限。根据不良事件通用术语标准v5.0评估严重程度。其他病因的病例，如病毒性肝炎再激活，被排除在外。分析影响药物性肝损伤的因素。单因素分析采用卡方检验，多因素分析采用逻辑回归。p < 0.05认为差异有统计学意义。结果所有患者年龄中位数为51岁（28 ~ 71岁）。肝损伤37例（52.1%），其中I-II级损伤占89.2%。单因素和多因素分析均表明，同时接受抗her -2靶向治疗（OR=6.290, 95%CI: 1.617-24.472, p=0.008）是化疗所致肝损伤的危险因素。结论同时接受抗her -2靶向治疗是西藏地区乳腺癌患者化疗后肝功能损伤的主要危险因素，应加强对该类患者肝功能水平的监测。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of young women with luminal HER2-low and HER2-ultralow breast cancer 年轻女性腔内her2低和her2超低乳腺癌的临床特征和生存结局

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101112

Jesus Edgardo Hernandez-Hernandez , César Octavio Lara-Torres , Alejandro Aranda-Gutierrez , Víctor A. Domínguez-Porras , Bryan Moreno-Moran , Héctor Díaz-Pérez , Gabriela Sofía Gómez-Macías , Cynthia Villarreal-Garza , Alejandro Mohar

Background

Young women with breast cancer (YWBC) often present with aggressive, hormone receptor-positive tumors. However, the implications of HER2-low and HER2-ultralow expression in this group have not been well characterized despite their potential therapeutic relevance.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 157 Mexican women aged ≤ 40 years with a prior diagnosis of luminal, HER2-negative breast cancer. HER2 status was reassessed to characterize different levels of HER2 expression within HER2-negative disease, specifically HER2-null, HER2-low, and HER2-ultralow. Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes were compared across groups.

Results

Evaluation of HER2 expression levels identified that 21.0 % of tumors met criteria for HER2-low expression and 18.5 % for HER2-ultralow expression. HER2-low tumors were more prevalent in luminal B disease and were associated with higher Ki-67, lower PR, and increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, while there were no particularities in HER2-null and ultralow tumors. No significant differences were observed in disease-free or overall survival between HER2-null, HER2-low, and HER2-ultralow groups.

Conclusions

Approximately 40 % of young women with luminal HER2-negative breast cancers have HER2-low or ultralow disease. These findings highlight the importance of accurately assessing HER2 expression in YWBC to identify candidates for emerging HER2-targeted therapies such as trastuzumab deruxtecan.

背景年轻女性乳腺癌（YWBC）常表现为侵袭性、激素受体阳性肿瘤。然而，尽管her2 -低和her2 -超低表达在这一组中具有潜在的治疗意义，但它们的含义尚未得到很好的表征。方法：我们对157名年龄≤40岁、既往诊断为腔型her2阴性乳腺癌的墨西哥女性进行了回顾性研究。重新评估HER2状态，以表征HER2阴性疾病中不同水平的HER2表达，特别是HER2无、HER2低和HER2超低。比较各组的临床病理特征和生存结果。结果HER2表达水平评估表明，21.0%的肿瘤符合HER2低表达标准，18.5%的肿瘤符合HER2超低表达标准。her2 -低的肿瘤在管腔B疾病中更为普遍，并且与较高的Ki-67、较低的PR和肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞增加相关，而her2 -零和超低的肿瘤没有特异性。HER2-null组、HER2-low组和her2 -超低组的无病生存率或总生存率无显著差异。结论：大约40%的腔内her2阴性乳腺癌年轻女性患有her2低或超低的疾病。这些发现强调了准确评估YWBC中HER2表达的重要性，以确定新兴HER2靶向治疗的候选药物，如曲妥珠单抗德鲁西替康。

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引用次数: 0

Circular RNAs as emerging regulators of mitochondrial function and disease 环状rna作为线粒体功能和疾病的新兴调节因子

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101165

Mehrzad Esmaeili Niasan , Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of covalently closed, non-coding RNAs that have emerged as regulators of gene expression and cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence shows that circRNAs are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, and stress responses. Dysregulation of circRNAs has been linked to a wide range of mitochondrial-associated diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. This review summarizes current knowledge on mitochondrial-related circRNAs, their biogenesis, molecular mechanisms, and pathophysiological roles, with a focus on their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

环状rna （circRNAs）是一类共价封闭的非编码rna，已成为基因表达和细胞稳态的调节因子。越来越多的证据表明，circRNAs参与线粒体功能、能量代谢和应激反应的调节。环状rna的失调与广泛的线粒体相关疾病有关，包括神经退行性疾病、代谢综合征、心血管疾病和癌症。本文综述了线粒体相关环状rna的生物发生、分子机制和病理生理作用，重点介绍了它们作为诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the potential of USP8 as a therapeutic target for overcoming c-Met-mediated resistance in breast cancer: A review 揭示USP8作为克服c- met介导的乳腺癌耐药治疗靶点的潜力：综述

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101089

Doris Nnenna Amuji , Suleiman Zakari , Ayomikun Joshua Pirisola , Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana , Emeka E.J. Iweala

Therapeutic resistance remains a serious challenge in breast cancer, and abnormal c-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-Met) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation contributes to therapeutic resistance in many. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 8 (USP8) has emerged as a modulator of RTK stability through deubiquitination and endosomal trafficking, and preclinical studies show that inhibition of USP8 speeds up ubiquitin-dependent degradation of RTKs, including c-Met and EGFR, suppresses PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling, and reverses resistance phenotypes. In this review, we summarize mechanistic evidence for USP8 regulation of c-Met and related RTKs, explore preclinical studies that assess inhibition of USP8 as a strategy to sensitize RTK-driven tumors, and highlight translational limitations such as drug selectivity, toxicity, dosing, pharmacodynamics biomarkers, and patient selection that must be addressed prior to a clinical trial in breast cancer. While the therapeutic targeting of USP8 is promising, direct validation in breast cancer models and the development of robust pharmacodynamic markers and inhibitors that are clinically graded remain crucial next phase.

乳腺癌的治疗耐药仍然是一个严重的挑战，异常的c-间充质上皮过渡因子（c-Met）受体酪氨酸激酶（RTK）激活有助于许多乳腺癌的治疗耐药。泛素特异性肽酶8 （USP8）通过去泛素化和内体运输成为RTK稳定性的调节剂，临床前研究表明，抑制USP8可加速泛素依赖性RTK（包括c-Met和EGFR）的降解，抑制PI3K/Akt和MAPK信号，并逆转耐药表型。在这篇综述中，我们总结了USP8调节c-Met和相关rtk的机制证据，探索了评估USP8抑制作为rtk驱动肿瘤致敏策略的临床前研究，并强调了在乳腺癌临床试验之前必须解决的药物选择性、毒性、剂量、药理学生物标志物和患者选择等翻译局限性。虽然USP8的治疗靶点很有希望，但在乳腺癌模型中的直接验证以及临床分级的强大药效学标志物和抑制剂的开发仍然是下一阶段的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy evaluation of the 2017 protocol by the China Net Childhood Lymphoma in treating early T cell precursors-lymphoblastic lymphoma in pediatric patients 中国儿童淋巴瘤网2017年方案治疗儿童早期T细胞前体淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤的疗效评价

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101084

Huang Zhizhuo , Jin Ling , Liu Wei , Sun Lirong , Zhang Baoxi , Zhuang Shuquan , Yuan Xiaojun , Jia Yueping , Zhang Yonghong

To analyze the clinical features of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ETP-ALL/LBL) in pediatric patients and to summarize the efficacy evaluation of the 2017 protocol by the China Net Childhood Lymphoma (CNCL) Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 2017-LBL for ETP-LBL. Methods Clinical data of 19 children with ETP-LBL admitted to CNCL from May 2017 to August 2023 were retrospectively collected. Results The median age of onset was 10 years (4.5–13 years), including 16 males (84.2 %). All patients were in stage IV and were treated with high-risk chemotherapy regimen. 11 of them (57.9 %) underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The proportion of leukemia stage in the HSCT group was significantly higher than that in the chemotherapy group (72.7 % vs. 25.0 %), and the central nervous system (CNS) status was CNS2/3 in the HSCT group (100 % vs. 50 %).The 3-year overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) were (93.8 ± 0.61) % and (88.2 ± 0.78) %, respectively. Conclusion Over 50 % of pediatric ETP-LBL patients received HSCT, with their long-term survival rates comparable to the chemotherapy group.

分析儿科患者早期t细胞前体急性淋巴细胞白血病/淋巴瘤（ETP-ALL/LBL）的临床特征，总结中国儿童淋巴瘤网（CNCL）非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL） 2017-LBL 2017方案对ETP-LBL的疗效评价。方法回顾性收集2017年5月至2023年8月收治的19例ETP-LBL患儿的临床资料。结果中位发病年龄为10岁（4.5 ~ 13岁），其中男性16例（84.2%）。所有患者均为IV期，接受高危化疗方案。11例（57.9%）行造血干细胞移植（HSCT）。HSCT组白血病分期比例明显高于化疗组（72.7% vs. 25.0%），中枢神经系统（CNS）状态为CNS2/3 （100% vs. 50%）。3年总生存率（OS）和无事件生存率（EFS）分别为（93.8±0.61）%和（88.2±0.78）%。结论：超过50%的儿科ETP-LBL患者接受了HSCT，其长期生存率与化疗组相当。

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引用次数: 0

A predictive nomogram for cancer-specific survival in elderly patients with ductal carcinoma in situ after lumpectomy: A SEER-based retrospective study 乳房肿瘤切除术后老年导管原位癌患者癌症特异性生存率的预测图：一项基于seer的回顾性研究

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101129

Hui Hongxia , Luo Honglei , Ren Yi , Liu Hua , Song Yaqi

Purpose

To develop and validate a prognostic nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) in elderly patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) following breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

Methods

Data from the SEER database (2000–2019) were used, comprising 40,502 eligible patients who were randomly assigned to training and validation cohorts. Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray competing risks regression models were employed. A nomogram was constructed and evaluated using time-dependent C-index, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. Risk stratification and subgroup analyses were conducted.

Results

Multivariable analysis identified older age (≥80 years; HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.53–2.24), hormone receptor negativity (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04–1.69), and omission of radiotherapy (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.11–1.61) as independent predictors of worse CSS. The nomogram demonstrated moderate discriminative ability, with time-dependent C-indices of 0.606 (training) and 0.659 (validation). Calibration and decision curve analysis demonstrated favorable clinical utility. Subgroup analyses indicated a significant CSS benefit from radiotherapy among hormone receptor-negative patients across all age groups (70–79: HR 0.349, p < 0.001; ≥80: HR 0.375, p = 0.045).

Conclusions

We developed and validated a nomogram that integrates age, hormone receptor status, and radiotherapy use to predict CSS in older patients with DCIS following breast-conserving surgery. This tool could aid in identifying a high-risk patients, particularly those with hormone receptor-negative disease, who may derive significant survival benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy.

目的建立并验证一种预测保乳手术（BCS）后老年导管原位癌（DCIS）患者肿瘤特异性生存（CSS）的预后nomogram。方法使用来自SEER数据库（2000-2019）的数据，包括40,502名符合条件的患者，他们被随机分配到培训和验证队列。采用Cox比例风险和Fine-Gray竞争风险回归模型。采用随时间变化的c -指数、校准曲线和决策曲线分析，构建并评价了nomogram。进行风险分层和亚组分析。结果多变量分析发现，年龄较大（≥80岁；HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.53-2.24）、激素受体阴性（HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.69）和未接受放疗（HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.11-1.61）是恶化CSS的独立预测因素。模态图具有中等的判别能力，c -指数随时间的变化分别为0.606（训练）和0.659（验证）。校正和决策曲线分析显示良好的临床应用价值。亚组分析显示，所有年龄组激素受体阴性患者放疗后CSS获益显著（70-79:HR 0.349, p < 0.001;≥80:HR 0.375, p = 0.045）。结论：我们开发并验证了一种结合年龄、激素受体状态和放疗使用的nomogram方法，用于预测老年DCIS患者保乳手术后的CSS。该工具可以帮助识别高风险患者，特别是那些激素受体阴性疾病的患者，他们可能从辅助放疗中获得显着的生存益处。

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引用次数: 0

Securinine bolsters anti-tumor immunity by promoting CD8⁺ T cell activation Securinine通过促进CD8 + T细胞活化增强抗肿瘤免疫

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101120

Liangchen Gui , Wenting Song , Haowei Luo , Shuang Zhou , Ye Zhou , Liyuan Zhang , Yunhui Li , Qinlan Wang , Jin Hou

Securinine (SEC) is a natural alkaloid isolated from Flueggea suffruticosa, which can suppress tumor growth of some types. T cells play a critical role in anti-tumor function. However, whether SEC mediates T cell-mediated anti-tumor effects remains unknown. Here, we found that SEC treatment suppressed tumor growth and improved survival in tumor-bearing mice in vivo. SEC promotes the percentage of IFN-γ⁺CD8⁺ T cell and TNF-α⁺CD8⁺ T cell in tumor microenvironments. SEC promoted T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in B16F10-OVA and OT-I co-culture systems. The anti-tumor function of SEC was abrogated after depleting CD8⁺ T cells in tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistically, SEC promoted T cell receptor (TCR) activation, increased IL-2 and IFN-γ production, and enhanced mitochondrial metabolism in CD8⁺ T cells. Additionally, SEC combination with anti-PD-1 suppressed tumor growth and improved survival in tumor-bearing mice. Thus, SEC enhances anti-tumor immunity by promoting CD8⁺ T cell activation, suggesting its potential role in tumor immunotherapy.

Securinine （SEC）是一种从Flueggea suffruticosa中分离得到的天然生物碱，具有抑制某些类型肿瘤生长的作用。T细胞在抗肿瘤功能中起关键作用。然而，SEC是否介导T细胞介导的抗肿瘤作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们发现SEC治疗抑制了荷瘤小鼠体内的肿瘤生长并提高了生存率。SEC促进肿瘤微环境中IFN-γ+CD8+ T细胞和TNF-α+CD8+ T细胞的百分比。SEC在B16F10-OVA和OT-I共培养系统中促进T细胞介导的细胞毒性。在荷瘤小鼠体内消耗CD8+ T细胞后，SEC的抗肿瘤功能完全丧失。在机制上，SEC促进了T细胞受体（TCR）的激活，增加了IL-2和IFN-γ的产生，并增强了CD8+ T细胞的线粒体代谢。此外，SEC联合抗pd -1可抑制荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤生长，提高其存活率。因此，SEC通过促进CD8+ T细胞活化来增强抗肿瘤免疫，提示其在肿瘤免疫治疗中的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0

A GPC1-Targeting multifunctional nanoplatform combining paclitaxel-mediated chemotherapy and chlorin e6-assisted sonodynamic therapy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment 一个靶向gpc1的多功能纳米平台联合紫杉醇介导的化疗和氯e6辅助声动力治疗胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101139

Bo Ren , Han-mei Li , Ju-ying Zhang , Jiawei Wang , You Yang , Li-tao Ye , Jinhong Yu , Jian Xu , Gang Quan , Jingdong Li , Wong Charng Choon

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) constitutes one of the most malignant tumours with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. This study designed a targeting nanoplatform, GCP@NBs, combining paclitaxel (PTX)-mediated chemotherapy and chlorin e6 (Ce6)-assisted sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for PDAC. In vitro targeting ability was validated via glypican-1 antibodies (GPC1-Abs) on the surface. Phase transition of perfluoropentane (PFP) facilitated the ultrasound (US) imaging and the controlled drug release. Live/Dead Cell Dual-fluorescence Staining and flow cytometry were performed to corroborate cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was confirmed by ROS Content Detection Kit. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) Assay Kit was leveraged to verify the depolarization of MMP, and western blot was performed to reveal the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis. Additionally, biosafety of GCP@NBs in the absence of US irradiation was validated. Consequently, GCP@NBs exhibited optimal particle size of 378.4 ± 10.54 nm and surface charge of -22.63 ± 0.32 mV, showing excellent stability and drug loading capacity (47.35 ± 0.21% for Ce6 and 64.80 ± 0.19% for PTX). GCP@NBs showed good biosafety and US imaging capability, exhibited specific targeting ability and cellular uptake, demonstrated efficient drug release and US-responsive ROS generation, and achieved excellent anti-cancer effects at low concentration. JC-1 staining showed the obvious MMP depolarization, and Western blot illustrated the increased expression of caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio during the cell apoptosis process. This study highlights the potential of GCP@NBs as novel and highly effective nanoplatforms for treatment of PDAC.

胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）是最恶性的肿瘤之一，治疗方案有限，预后差。本研究设计了靶向纳米平台GCP@NBs，结合紫杉醇（PTX）介导的化疗和氯e6 （Ce6）辅助声动力治疗（SDT）治疗PDAC。通过表面glypican-1抗体（GPC1-Abs）验证其体外靶向能力。全氟戊烷（PFP）的相变有利于超声成像和药物控释。活/死细胞双荧光染色和流式细胞术证实细胞凋亡。同时，通过活性氧含量检测试剂盒（ROS Content Detection Kit）确认活性氧（ROS）的生成。利用线粒体膜电位（MMP） Assay Kit验证MMP的去极化，western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白的表达。此外，在没有美国辐照的情况下，验证了GCP@NBs的生物安全性。因此，GCP@NBs的最佳粒径为378.4±10.54 nm，表面电荷为-22.63±0.32 mV，具有良好的稳定性和载药量（Ce6为47.35±0.21%，PTX为64.80±0.19%）。GCP@NBs具有良好的生物安全性和US成像能力，具有特异性靶向能力和细胞摄取能力，具有高效的药物释放和US反应性ROS生成，在低浓度下具有优异的抗癌效果。JC-1染色显示明显的MMP去极化，Western blot显示caspase-3和Bax/Bcl-2比值在细胞凋亡过程中表达升高。这项研究强调了GCP@NBs作为治疗PDAC的新型高效纳米平台的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

From pixels to prognosis: A QUADAS-2–Guided systematic review and meta-analysis of deep learning segmentation for DLBCL in PET and PET/CT 从像素点到预后：一项quadas -2引导的深度学习分割在PET和PET/CT中DLBCL的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.4 Q3 Medicine

Cancer treatment and research communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2026.101144

Sajad Keshavarz , Elham Saeedzadeh , Hossein Arabi , Dariush Sardari , Elnaz Jenabi-Haghparast , Habibollah Dadgar

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the performance and methodological quality of deep learning models for automated segmentation of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) on PET/CT imaging. A comprehensive literature search identified 15 eligible studies that were published up to July 2025. Of these, 11 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis, while 4 were assessed qualitatively. Using a random-effects model, the pooled mean DSC was 0.809 (95% CI: 0.791–0.827), indicating strong overall segmentation performance. The reported DSC values across the individual studies ranged from 0.65 to 0.886. Single-center studies generally showed slightly higher median DSC values (≈0.82) than multi-center studies (≈0.78), although pooled subgroup analyses revealed comparable averages (0.77 vs. 0.73). Methodological quality, assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool, showed that most studies (approximately 67–73%) were at low risk of bias, with the remainder classified as moderate or unclear. Despite the variability in algorithms, study designs, and datasets, DL-based methods have consistently achieved reliable segmentation accuracy. Overall, DL models demonstrated promising potential for automated DLBCL segmentation in PET/CT imaging. Nevertheless, future studies should focus on larger and more diverse cohorts, improved reporting standards, and transparent handling of methodological limitations to enhance generalizability and clinical applicability.

本系统综述和荟萃分析评估了PET/CT图像上弥漫性大b细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）自动分割的深度学习模型的性能和方法学质量。综合文献检索确定了截至2025年7月发表的15项符合条件的研究。其中11项研究纳入定量综合，4项研究进行定性评价。使用随机效应模型，合并平均DSC为0.809 (95% CI: 0.791-0.827)，表明整体分割性能较好。报告的各个研究的DSC值从0.65到0.886不等。单中心研究的DSC中值（≈0.82）通常略高于多中心研究（≈0.78），尽管合并亚组分析显示了可比较的平均值（0.77比0.73）。使用QUADAS-2工具评估的方法学质量显示，大多数研究（约67-73%）为低偏倚风险，其余研究归类为中度或不明确。尽管算法、研究设计和数据集存在差异，但基于dl的方法始终能够实现可靠的分割精度。总体而言，DL模型在PET/CT成像中显示了自动DLBCL分割的潜力。然而，未来的研究应该集中在更大和更多样化的队列上，改进报告标准，透明地处理方法局限性，以提高普遍性和临床适用性。

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