Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"The effect of postoperative chemotherapy on blood glucose and prognosis in patients with advanced ovarian cancer","authors":"Ting Du,&nbsp;Xueli Zha,&nbsp;Yawen Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Recent studies have shown that chemotherapy can cause abnormal glucose metabolism in cancer patients; however, little is known about the association of blood glucose (BG) with chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of chemotherapy on glucose metabolism in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and its effect on patient prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed blood glucose and other clinical data from 100 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO III/IV) before and after chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to calculate OS Overall Survival) survival curves for patients in the BG-High and BG-Low groups, and logarithmic rank statistics (Mantel-Cox) to assess associations between clinical outcomes and related indicators of patients<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 100 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) included in this study, 49 patients (49 %) had stage III disease, and 51 had stage IV disease according to FIGO classification. In total, 65 patients (65 %) achieved R0 surgical resection, while 35 patients (35 %) achieved R1, after complete surgical resection or satisfactory cytoreductive surgery followed by paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy every three weeks for a total of six cycles. According to blood glucose (BG) levels after chemotherapy, patients were divided into two groups: blood glucose ≥ 6.1mmol/L (BG High) and blood glucose &lt; 6.1mmol/L (BG Low). Thirty-two patients (BG High) had elevated fasting blood glucose levels after chemotherapy. Of these, six patients were definitively diagnosed with diabetes, fasting BG ≥7.0 mmol/L, and 26 patients had impaired fasting blood glucose, fasting BG 6.1–6.9 mmol/L; this difference was statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the mean 5-year OS (probability of survival from diagnosis to 5 years post-treatment) of 100 patients with OC in this study were 33 months. The mean OS of patients in the BG-LOW group was 37 months compared to 28 months in the BG-High group; this difference was statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt;0.01). The Cox regression model indicated that post-chemotherapy blood glucose levels exerted an independent effect on OS in OC patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.4; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.0–5.7; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). In addition, FIGO staging and surgical R0 resection also exerted independent effects on patient survival.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with advanced ovarian cancer experience hyperglycemia during adjuvant chemotherapy. Furthermore, an increase in blood glucose after chemotherapy is associated with a poor prognosis. Our findings identified potential chemotherapy risks and highlighted the importance of preventing hyperglycemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trop-2 expression as a biomarker of response to sacituzumab govitecan in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: A pilot study","authors":"Alexis LeVee,&nbsp;Megan Wong,&nbsp;Nora Ruel,&nbsp;Daniel Schmolze,&nbsp;Min Han,&nbsp;Joanne Mortimer,&nbsp;Christina Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an anti-Trop-2 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) approved for use in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). This study explores whether Trop-2 expression serves as a biomarker of excellent response versus non-response to sacituzumab govitecan (SG) in HER2-negative MBC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Trop-2 expression was determined from patients with HER2-negative MBC categorized as non-responders and excellent responders to SG. Excellent response was defined by a complete or partial response and a progression-free survival (PFS) greater than the median of the cohort. Non-response was defined by progressive disease within 3 months. Trop-2 expression was determined based on percentage of cells staining and a histochemical score (H-score).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 15 patients with HER2-negative MBC (8 non-responders/7 excellent responders), the median Trop-2 expression rate was 100 % in both groups (<em>p</em>=0.3). H-score was also similar between the groups, with a median H-score of 270 (range 25–300) in non-responders and 280 (range 120–290) in responders (<em>p</em>=1.0). Lower Trop-2 percent expression was associated with shorter PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.014; 95 % CI, 0–0.52; <em>p</em>=0.018), although Trop-2 expression by H-score was not predictive of PFS (HR: 0.994; 95 % CI, 0.987–1.002; <em>p</em>=0.12). One non-responder had an H-score of 25, which may represent a complete lack of Trop-2 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In this study, Trop-2 expression did not predict excellent response versus non-response to SG in patients with HER2-negative MBC. Low Trop-2 expression, as determined by percentage staining, was predictive of shorter PFS, although the same association was not observed using the H-score. A complete lack of Trop-2 expression may predict SG ineffective, which requires further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100954"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second-line therapy adjustment for advanced pancreatic cancer using circulating tumor cells: Preliminary results","authors":"Joachim Drevs ,&nbsp;Mandeep Singh Malhotra ,&nbsp;Huseyin Sahinbas ,&nbsp;Aggelos Iliopoulos ,&nbsp;George Beis ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Apostolou ,&nbsp;Ioannis Papasotiriou","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The determination of the optimal second-line (2L) chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) is still unanswered. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in proposing 2L treatments for APC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed CTCs from 17 patients (experimental group) with APC, for whom first-line treatment was ineffective. Based on chemosensitivity/viability assays on several chemotherapeutic drugs, which were performed on CTCs isolated from patients, a 2L treatment was proposed for each patient. Median survival (MS) was used as the primary endpoint to compare the survival curve of the experimental group with the reconstructed survival curves of two 2L best supportive care (2L-BSC) groups with 23 and 18 patients, respectively. Moreover, using a meta-analysis of 2L-BSC summary statistics (medians) published in various papers, a pooled weighted MS was estimated and compared with one estimated for the experimental group. Finally, the statistical significance of the difference between the experimental and the two 2L-BSC groups was examined by applying statistical tests, like LR and RMST.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The MS for the treatment group (7 months) was found to be greater than the MS of the two 2L-BSC groups (2.29 and 2.4 months, respectively). This result was supported since the weighted MS was found at 2.70 months. The results were found statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The preliminary results indicate that 2L treatment based on CTCs’ response <em>in vitro</em> prolongs MS of APC patients compared with 2L-BSC-treated ones, potentially leading to the development of more effective 2L APC therapy plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100956"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing T cell infiltration in glioblastoma: a review article on challenges and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Mohammad Amin Habibi ,&nbsp;Negar Nejati ,&nbsp;Majed Bahri Najafi ,&nbsp;Alireza Khodadadiyan ,&nbsp;Mohsen Dashti ,&nbsp;Parsa Lorestani ,&nbsp;Zahra Karimizadeh ,&nbsp;Mahsa Ahmadpour ,&nbsp;Amirali Kalantari ,&nbsp;Armita Jokar-Derisi ,&nbsp;Faezeh Maghsood ,&nbsp;Behrouz Robat-Jazi ,&nbsp;Elaheh Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Sajjad Ahmadpour ,&nbsp;Soheil Tavakolpour","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review focuses on enhancing T-cell infiltration in glioblastoma (GBM) while overcoming its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Key strategies include targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to reduce immunosuppression and repolarizing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from an M2 (immunosuppressive) phenotype to an M1 (proinflammatory) phenotype to increase T-cell function. Administering chemokines can help attract more effector T cells to the tumor site. Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with other treatments can further increase T cell activity. To make immunotherapy more effective in GBM, it is also essential to address the immunosuppressive signals in the TME, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in breast cancer in Indonesia from 2017 to 2020: A national-level analysis by age and disease severity","authors":"Sudewi Mukaromah Khoirunnisa ,&nbsp;Didik Setiawan ,&nbsp;Maarten J. Postma ,&nbsp;Lisa A. de Jong","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and the second most common cancer among Asian women, including in Indonesia. Its increasing burden necessitates a comprehensive assessment of epidemiological trends and economic impact. This study examines age- and severity-specific patterns of breast cancer incidence, DALYs, healthcare utilization, and economic burden in Indonesia from 2017 to 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study was conducted using 2017–2020 National Health Insurance Sample Data (NHISD) from Indonesia’s Health and Social Security Agency (BPJS Kesehatan). Breast cancer cases were identified using ICD-10 code C50. Incidence, DALYs, healthcare resource use, and economic burden were calculated annually by age and disease severity. Data were processed using R software version 4.2.3.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Incidence, mortality, and DALYs increased with age, particularly from age 35, peaking at 55–59 years, with DALYs highest among patients aged 45–60. Mortality and DALY peaks were observed in 2020 for ages 35–39 and 55–59. The economic burden rose significantly for women aged 50–54, from US$6 million in 2017 to US$13 million in 2019. Patients aged 35–39 incurred the highest annual per-patient costs (US$1410–US$1770). Outpatient costs dominated (US$17 million–US$23 million), with the most severe cases incurring per-patient costs of US$1150–US$1670.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite a slight decline in incidence and relatively stable mortality, DALYs peaked in 2020, highlighting an increasing burden of disease. These trends underscore the need for targeted healthcare resource allocation and mitigation strategies, particularly for those aged 35–39, 45–60, and outpatient services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Furmonertinib rechallenge for first-line third-generation EGFR TKI-resistant EGFR-mutant NSCLC: A retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study","authors":"Jiaqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Maolin Liu ,&nbsp;Siqing Liu,&nbsp;Dilimulati Abulizi,&nbsp;Xi Chen,&nbsp;Xue Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Overcoming resistance of first-line third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remained a challenge. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of furmonertinib rechallenge and chemotherapy in this setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>NSCLC patients receiving furmonertinib or chemotherapy after progression on first-line third-generation EGFR TKIs were included. Characteristics were used for propensity score matching through a multivariable logistic regression model. Objective response rates (ORR) and disease control rates (DCR) were compared using chi-squared test between the two groups in unmatched patients and McNemar test in matched patients. Kaplan-Meier curves of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were plotted. Hazard ratios (HR) for PFS were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Totally 97 patients were included (31 in the furmonertinib group and 66 in the chemotherapy group), and 28 pairs were matched. Most characteristics were well-balanced. In unmatched patients, ORR and DCR were similar in the two groups (both <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Median PFS were 8.6 and 8.5 months (HR 1.02 [95% CI 0.60–1.74]; <em>P</em> = 0.948). Median OS were not reached and 32.0 months. In matched patients, ORR and DCR were also comparable (both <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Median PFS for furmonertinib was numerically longer than that for chemotherapy (8.6 months vs 5.7 months; HR 0.67 [95% CI 0.35–1.28]; <em>P</em> = 0.223). Median OS were not reached. Furmonertinib also had superior safety profiles compared with chemotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Furmonertinib showed similar effectiveness and better safety compared with chemotherapy in NSCLC patients resistant to first-line third-generation EGFR TKIs. After matching, furmonertinib demonstrated numerically longer PFS than chemotherapy. Randomized controlled trials are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bibliometric analysis on KRAS, a targeted marker for blockbuster clinical drugs","authors":"Zongzhen Guo ,&nbsp;Shiqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanfei Sun ,&nbsp;Yanyan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to provide an overview of research hotspots and trends in KRAS, a key star gene which has been paid special attention to in the field of cancer. Publications on KRAS were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer 1.6.16 and R package “bibliometrix” were used for bibliometric analyses. A total of 23,758 publications were identified, including 19,325 original articles and 2913 reviews. A sharp increase of the publications number was found since the year 2016 by time trend analysis. The top 3 countries/regions with the highest number of publications were the United States, China and Europe. Most active organizations were from Europe and the USA. Keywords co­occurrence analysis showed four clusters of KRAS, including the role and molecular mechanism of KRAS in the process of cancer development, especially pancreatic cancer, studies on the characteristics and clinical value of KRAS in colorectal cancer, the role characteristics of KRAS in the occurrence of lung cancer and its clinical applications and research progress of clinical trials targeted KRAS. This study systematically elucidates emerging insights into the critical gene KRAS, providing a contemporary perspective on KRAS-driven oncogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study protocol of an open-label prospective phase II study of Durvalumab plus Carboplatin and Etoposide in advanced large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (LOGIK2401: NECTAR study)","authors":"Hidenobu Ishii ,&nbsp;Koichi Azuma ,&nbsp;Fumiaki Kiyomi ,&nbsp;Kohei Yoshimine ,&nbsp;Kazuki Uchida ,&nbsp;Kazunori Tobino ,&nbsp;Tadaaki Yamada ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Iwasa ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kanemura ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Sumi ,&nbsp;Eiji Iwama ,&nbsp;Masataka Mori ,&nbsp;Masaru Takenaka ,&nbsp;Yuki Takeyasu ,&nbsp;Takayasu Kurata ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Misono ,&nbsp;Kentaro Tanaka ,&nbsp;Isamu Okamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung is a rare histologic type and is placed in the neuroendocrine tumor category along with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) at the latest histologic classification. Combination therapy with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors is the standard of care for both non-small cell lung cancer and SCLC. However, the efficacy of immunochemotherapy for LCNEC has not yet been established.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and analysis</h3><div>This prospective, multicenter, single-arm study will evaluate the efficacy of durvalumab plus carboplatin and etoposide in patients with advanced or relapsed LCNEC. Thirty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients will receive durvalumab intravenously combined with up to four cycles of carboplatin and etoposide, followed by durvalumab maintenance treatment. The primary endpoint is the objective response rate, and the key secondary endpoints are the duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of immunochemotherapy in patients with advanced or relapsed LCNEC. The results are expected to contribute to establishing the treatment strategy for LCNEC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive review on outcomes from Phase 3 clinical trials of drugs in multiple myeloma","authors":"Sandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Vivek Uttam ,&nbsp;Shafiul Haque ,&nbsp;Hardeep Singh Tuli ,&nbsp;Pallavi Mishra ,&nbsp;Aklank Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy characterized by clinical heterogeneity, high relapse rates, and eventual drug resistance despite advances in therapy. Over the past two decades, phase 3 clinical trials have redefined MM management by integrating novel agents, monoclonal antibodies, and cellular therapies into frontline and relapsed/refractory settings. CD38-targeting antibodies, particularly daratumumab- and isatuximab-based regimens, have demonstrated superior depth of response, prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), and improved overall survival (OS) across transplant-eligible, transplant-ineligible, and relapsed populations. Proteasome inhibitor (PI) and immunomodulatory drug (IMiD)-based triplets and quadruplets, such as bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd), carfilzomib, daratumumab, and dexamethasone (KdD), and pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Pd) combinations, have further enhanced treatment efficacy, while maintenance strategies primarily lenalidomide-based remain central to sustaining remission, with ongoing trials evaluating MRD-guided approaches. The emergence of B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies, exemplified by idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel, has transformed outcomes in heavily pretreated, triple-class refractory patients, providing durable responses and quality of life benefits. Despite these advances, therapeutic decisions must consider patient frailty, cytogenetic risk, and prior treatment exposure. Future directions emphasize optimizing sequencing strategies, integrating bispecific antibodies, and validating MRD as a biomarker for treatment cessation. This review consolidates evidence from recent phase 3 trials to provide clinicians with an updated framework for personalized, risk-adapted management of MM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145647405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAMs-derived IL-1β inducing DDX21 enhances CRC proliferation and metastasis via JAK2/STAT3 pathway","authors":"Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Tiantian Zhen ,&nbsp;Shujin He ,&nbsp;Yuting Wang,&nbsp;Lin Chen,&nbsp;Yongyu Chen,&nbsp;Huijuan Shi,&nbsp;Anjia Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major components of tumor microenvironment that frequently associated with proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Our recent study found that DDX21 promotes CRC metastasis via phase separation. However, whether the relationship between DDX21 and tumor microenvironment in CRC remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>RT-qPCR, migration and invasion assay, immunohistochemistry staining and evaluation, multiple bioinformatics analyses, Western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),tumor sphere-formation assay and colony formation assay, Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay, and in vivo experiments were performed to study the biological role of TAMs in CRC progression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this study, we found that CRC-conditioned macrophages enhanced DDX21 expression and tumor proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. Mechanistically, TAMs-derived IL-1β activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and then p-STAT3⁷⁰⁵ enhanced DDX21 protein stability by binding to DDX21. Surprisingly, DDX21 also increased ZEB1 expression, which in turn led to the production of CCL8 that promoted macrophage recruitment. Moreover, inhibition of CCL8 or IL-1β reduced macrophage migration and CRC metastasis, respectively. In vivo, TAMs enhanced the growth and metastasis of CRC and IL-1β knockdown impaired TAMs-induced CRC tumorigenesis. Clinically, IL-1β and CD206 expression in TAMs was significantly associated with malignant characteristics and prognosis of CRC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our data indicates that TAMs-derived IL-1β enhances CRC stemness, migration and invasion by regulating the JAK2/STAT3/DDX21 and ZEB1, which in turn leads to the production of CCL8 that promotes macrophage recruitment. Targeting TAMs secreting factor-IL-1β might be an important candidate factor for immunotherapy in CRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145399629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}