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Management of Financial Technology and Its Impact on the Banking Services: Palestine 金融技术管理及其对银行服务的影响:巴勒斯坦
Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v9n2p9
I. Dalbah
This paper seeks to investigate the impact Financial Technology would have on the financial service banking industry in Palestine, The results show that the financial institutions need to adapt to the digital trends as early as possible, understanding the unmet needs of a digital customer in a better way. The growing expectation from financial institutions is to shift from product-based models to customer-based models, equipping themselves to offer real-time, easy to use, personalized products and services to the digital customers through customer’s preferred channel, Financial Technology is greatly innovating and enhancing the efficiency of the financial service industry thereby contributing to economic development. In Palestine, The researcher recommend the use of specialists in the field of electronic sites design in particular, because the site attractiveness needs experience sufficient experience in this area to support its attractiveness for customers, and to benefit from the experiences of the developed countries in the field of software technology control and protection of customer information, in order to strengthen current Software applied to those banks.
本文旨在调查金融技术对巴勒斯坦金融服务银行业的影响,结果表明,金融机构需要尽早适应数字化趋势,更好地了解数字化客户未满足的需求。金融机构越来越期望从以产品为基础的模式转向以客户为基础的模式,通过客户偏好的渠道为数字化客户提供实时、易用、个性化的产品和服务,金融科技正在极大地创新和提高金融服务业的效率,从而为经济发展做出贡献。在巴勒斯坦,研究人员特别建议使用电子网站设计领域的专家,因为网站吸引力需要在这一领域有足够的经验来支持其对客户的吸引力,并受益于发达国家在软件技术控制和保护客户信息领域的经验,以加强目前应用于这些银行的软件。
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引用次数: 1
Accounting Function as Management Performance Tool in Organizations 会计作为组织管理绩效工具的功能
Pub Date : 2020-06-20 DOI: 10.32861/bmer.66.67.74
John Nkeobuna Nnah Ugoani
Accounting function aims at providing accurate and sufficient accounting information to facilitate proper financial reporting and management performance. Accounting information is usually in the form of periodic or annual financial statements which are products of costing, financial and management accounting prepared for the benefit of a number of external interest groups. Accounting has its roots in the stewardship approach and as a management performance tool to guide the agent and the principal over the exact status of the going concern. Accounting function also involves financial statement analysis, interpreting the accounts by computing and evaluating ratios which relate pairs of financial information or items with one another. This analysis of ratios can be cross-sectional comparing the results of one company with another or trend. In doing so close attention is usually paid to profitability ratio to help keep pace with effective management performance. The exploratory research design was adopted for the study and result showed positive correlation between accounting function and management performance. The study was not exhaustive, therefore, further study should examine the relationship between audit failure and business failure as a matter of finding a solution to the problem. It was recommended that management should always carefully study audit reports to enhance decision making and management performance.
会计职能的目的是提供准确和充分的会计信息,以促进适当的财务报告和管理绩效。会计信息通常以定期或年度财务报表的形式出现,这些报表是为一些外部利益集团的利益而编制的成本核算、财务和管理会计的产物。会计植根于管理方法,并作为一种管理绩效工具,指导代理人和委托人了解持续经营的确切状况。会计职能还包括财务报表分析,通过计算和评估将成对的财务信息或项目相互关联的比率来解释账户。这种比率分析可以是横向比较一家公司与另一家公司的结果或趋势。在这样做时,通常密切关注利润率,以帮助跟上有效的管理绩效。本研究采用探索性研究设计,结果显示会计职能与管理绩效正相关。这项研究并非详尽无遗,因此,进一步的研究应审查审计失败与业务失败之间的关系,以便找到解决问题的办法。建议管理部门应始终仔细研究审计报告,以提高决策和管理业绩。
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引用次数: 0
A Multilevel Research on the Factors Influencing Employee Loyalty Under the New Employer Economics 新雇主经济学下员工忠诚影响因素的多层次研究
Pub Date : 2020-06-15 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v9n2p1
Xin Zhong, Youdao Zhang, Sheng Li, Yue Liu
Existing research shows that scholars try to achieve the goal of employee loyalty through human resource management practices at the organization level. However, the new employer economics proposes a tendency from “employer-centered” to “employee-centered”. Through a multi-level research method, this paper used 40 teams and found that employer brands had a significantly positive effect on employee loyalty. Basic psychological needs played a mediating role between employer brand and employee loyalty, but the team identification didn’t mediate the relationship between employer brand and employee loyalty. At last, the moderating role of servant leadership between employer brand and employee loyalty was not proved.
现有研究表明,学者们试图通过组织层面的人力资源管理实践来实现员工忠诚的目标。然而,新雇主经济学提出了“以雇主为中心”向“以雇员为中心”的趋势。通过多层次的研究方法,本文使用了40个团队,发现雇主品牌对员工忠诚度有显著的正向影响。基本心理需求在雇主品牌与员工忠诚之间起中介作用,而团队认同在雇主品牌与员工忠诚之间不起中介作用。最后,服务型领导在雇主品牌与员工忠诚之间的调节作用未被证明。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Institutional Factors in Marketing of Agricultural Products by Cooperative Farmers 制度因素对合作农户农产品营销的影响
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v9n1p43
Adaobi J. Obiadi, F. Nwankwo, U. R. Ezeokafor, G. E. Ekwere
This study was carried out to examine the effect of institutional factors in marketing of agricultural products by cooperative farmers in Anambra State of Nigeria. Four specific objective The study focused on four specific objectives which were to; examine the socio-economic characteristicsof the cooperative farmers and its effect on market participation; determine the quantum and value of agricultural produce that had been marketed; identify the extent to which agricultural market participation of the framer is influenced by institutional factors such as market information, organizational support, use of grades and standards, and legal environment; and make recommendations based on the findings. Three hypotheses were also tested.  Descriptive survey design was used for the study where seven hundred and ten (710) was used as sample size. Findings revealed that market disposition of the member was not related to duration of membership which implied that cooperative experience do not have substantial influence on marketing decisions. Farmers affirmed institutional factors such as influence of tradition and cultural practices; legal environment relating to laws governing sale of agricultural products, land tenure system, organizational supports from the government, availability of market information; and use of grades and standards in agricultural marketing significantly influenced their marketing decisions. It was further revealed that institutional factors have no influence on market participation of the cooperative farmers. In conclusion institutional factors have significant influence on marketing decisions while socio-economic characteristics of members have no significant influence on market participation by the cooperative farmers. Based on the findings, it was further recommended that government should always create an enabling environment to encourage farmers to continue to participate in agricultural markets. They can do this by re-examining laws and regulation that appear to impact negatively on farm production and agricultural marketing. This may include abrogation of the land tenure Act that has over the years, hindered access to agricultural farmlands by individual farmers among others.
本研究旨在探讨制度因素对尼日利亚阿南布拉州合作农民农产品营销的影响。研究集中在四个具体目标,这四个目标是;考察合作农民的社会经济特征及其对市场参与的影响;确定已上市农产品的数量和价值;确定制定者的农业市场参与在多大程度上受到制度因素的影响,如市场信息、组织支持、等级和标准的使用以及法律环境;并根据调查结果提出建议。三个假设也被验证。本研究采用描述性调查设计,样本量为710人。研究发现,成员的市场配置与成员的持续时间无关,这意味着合作经验对营销决策没有实质性影响。农民肯定了传统和文化习俗的影响等制度因素;农产品销售法律相关的法律环境、土地权属制度、政府的组织支持、市场信息的可获得性;在农业营销中,等级和标准的使用显著影响了他们的营销决策。进一步揭示了制度因素对合作农民的市场参与没有影响。综上所述,制度因素对合作农户的营销决策有显著影响,而成员的社会经济特征对合作农户的市场参与没有显著影响。根据调查结果,进一步建议政府应始终创造一个有利的环境,鼓励农民继续参与农业市场。他们可以通过重新审查似乎对农业生产和农业营销产生负面影响的法律法规来做到这一点。这可能包括废除《土地保有法》,该法案多年来一直阻碍个体农民等获得农业用地。
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引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurship through Agriculture In Nigeria 尼日利亚的农业创业
Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.5430/BMR.V9N1P35
C. Ajekwe, Adzor Ibiamke
Poverty is one of the supreme challenges in Nigeria. This paper explores entrepreneurship in agriculture as a strategy for a drastic reduction in unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. Agriculture creates employment opportunities to 70% -75% of the Nigerian working population and contributes about 20.9% of Nigeria’s total gross domestic product. Yet, young educated and ambitious Nigerians do not show much interest in agriculture. Currently, Nigerian farmers are elderly, toiling away with outdated techniques and tools. Not only are these old farmers unlikely to use latest technologies that guarantee rewards in agriculture and afford a modern lifestyle. The youth believe that career in agriculture would “condemn” them to a “backwards”, “dirty” lifestyle associated with the elderly “uneducated” farmers currently performing physical arduous backbreaking farm work. Meanwhile, the educated and ambitious youth struggle almost hopelessly to find employment in the few highly esteemed sectors, such as the civil service, banking, engineering, medicine and law. This paper persuades youths to take up a career in the agricultural sector through entrepreneurship activities; the paper tells stories of successful educated young entrepreneurs in agriculture. Some young successful educated and ambitious agri-preneurs are identified and their stories are told. These agri-preneurs are potential role models (i.e., people whose achievements in agricultural entrepreneurship the youths can emulate/imitate). The paper advises youths to start small with simple straightforward projects capable of producing cash rewards in the short-term and to look out for the several government and UN grants opportunities that encourage agropreneurship. Before launching their enterprises, aspiring agri-preneurs are counselled to avail themselves of training and apprentice opportunities from successful agri-preneurs.
贫困是尼日利亚面临的最大挑战之一。本文探讨了农业创业作为尼日利亚大幅减少失业和贫困的战略。农业为尼日利亚70% -75%的劳动人口创造了就业机会,约占尼日利亚国内生产总值的20.9%。然而,受过良好教育、雄心勃勃的尼日利亚年轻人对农业并没有多大兴趣。目前,尼日利亚农民年事已高,使用过时的技术和工具辛苦劳作。这些老农民不仅不可能使用保证农业回报和负担得起现代生活方式的最新技术。年轻人认为,从事农业工作将使他们“陷入”一种“落后”、“肮脏”的生活方式,这种生活方式与目前从事繁重体力劳动的“未受过教育”的老年农民联系在一起。与此同时,受过良好教育、雄心勃勃的年轻人几乎无望地在公务员、银行、工程、医药和法律等少数受人尊敬的行业找到工作。本文通过创业活动说服青年在农业部门从事职业;这篇论文讲述了农业领域受过良好教育的成功青年企业家的故事。一些受过良好教育和雄心勃勃的年轻农业企业家得到了确认,并讲述了他们的故事。这些农业企业家是潜在的榜样(即年轻人可以模仿他们在农业创业方面的成就)。该报告建议年轻人从能够在短期内产生现金回报的简单直接的小项目开始,并寻求政府和联合国提供的一些鼓励农业创业的赠款机会。在创办企业之前,有抱负的农业企业家被建议利用成功的农业企业家提供的培训和学徒机会。
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引用次数: 2
Host Community Attitude Toward Trade-off Between Tourism Development and Environmental Conservation: A Case Study of Palau 东道国社区对旅游发展与环境保护权衡的态度:以帕劳为例
Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.5430/BMR.V9N1P21
Po-Yen Lee, Lin Qi, Peng Li
Palau is home to one of the purest marine ecosystems in the Pacific Ocean; however, since 2015, Palau has suffered an economic decline due to the negative environmental effects of over- tourism. The island country is at the crossroads of stagnation and recovery. The community attitude towards the trade-off between tourism development and environmental conservation are critical for forging a tourism strategy. This research attempts to identify the attitudes, values and beliefs of the community and proposes an appropriate plan within the current tourism scenario. The method of in-depth interviews and secondary data analysis were applied using NVivo software. The results showed that there are different viewpoints between the residents and the government, but there is one aspect that everyone agrees on: the need to develop tourism strategy that runs parallel to environmental conservation by upgrading Palau’s tourism to provide a high-end product. This would ideally result in finding a balance between the needs of the host community and sustainable tourism in a win-win scenario.
帕劳拥有太平洋最纯净的海洋生态系统之一;然而,自2015年以来,由于过度旅游对环境的负面影响,帕劳遭受了经济衰退。这个岛国正处于停滞和复苏的十字路口。社区对旅游发展和环境保护之间权衡的态度对于制定旅游战略至关重要。本研究试图确定社区的态度、价值观和信仰,并在当前的旅游情景中提出适当的计划。采用NVivo软件进行深度访谈和二次资料分析。结果显示,居民和政府之间有不同的观点,但有一个方面是每个人都同意的:需要通过升级帕劳的旅游业来提供高端产品,从而制定与环境保护并行的旅游战略。理想情况下,这将导致在东道社区的需求和可持续旅游业之间找到平衡,实现双赢。
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引用次数: 0
Exploration of Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Faculty Members in Private Higher Education 民办高等教育教师组织承诺与工作满意度研究
Pub Date : 2020-03-04 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v9n1p9
Sabah M. Al-Najjar, M. Jawad
The principal objective of this research is to explore organizational commitment and its effect on job satisfaction styles in a sample of teaching staff working at Alturath University college within the Private Higher Education (PHE) at Baghdad, Iraq. The research sample included 37 faculty members working at different departments. The authors developed a questionnaire with (5-points) Likert scale, and used it as the main instrument to collect data from the sample studied. The questionnaire was subjected to a Cronbach alpha test to verify its internal validity. The statistical package SPSS v.10 was used to analyze and present the data obtained through the questionnaire. The data were also used to test the research hypothesis. According to the responses of the sample members, the statistical tests assisted the research hypothesis which states that there is a significant relationship and effect between organizational commitment and job satisfaction. In addition, the analysis revealed that there is a strong level of organizational commitment among the sample studied. The results obtained by this research can direct the administrations of the college in planning job loads, and in improving organizational commitment. Although this research is limited to one private colleges, but its results add a great value since it provide several lessons that private education can benefit from. This work could, also, be considered as an attempt to increase our knowledge about the educational system in general, and on the PHE in specific.
本研究的主要目的是探讨组织承诺及其对工作满意度风格的影响,在伊拉克巴格达私立高等教育(PHE)的Alturath大学学院教学人员的样本。研究样本包括在不同院系工作的37名教员。作者开发了一份(5分)李克特量表的调查问卷,并将其作为收集研究样本数据的主要工具。问卷经Cronbach alpha检验以验证其内部效度。使用SPSS v.10统计软件包对问卷调查所得数据进行分析和呈现。这些数据也被用来检验研究假设。根据样本成员的反应,统计检验支持了研究假设,即组织承诺与工作满意度之间存在显著的关系和影响。此外,分析显示,在研究样本中存在很强的组织承诺水平。研究结果可以指导高校管理人员规划工作负荷,提高组织承诺。虽然本研究仅限于一所私立大学,但其研究结果提供了一些可供私立教育借鉴的经验教训,具有很大的价值。这项工作也可以被认为是一种尝试,以增加我们对一般教育系统的了解,特别是对公共卫生部门的了解。
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引用次数: 1
The Birth of Strategic Actors: From Primary to Secondary Temporality 战略行为人的诞生:从主要时代性到次要时代性
Pub Date : 2020-02-18 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v9n1p1
Elke Weik
This paper analyses the emergence of European universities as strategic actors from a temporal perspective. I argue, in line with the literature, that European universities have moved from being institutions to being organisations and, more precisely, organisational actors. I depart from the literature in arguing that this change also has a considerable temporal dimension that has up to now been neglected. The temporal dimension consists in a move from primary temporality, i.e., the making of time, to secondary temporality, i.e., the using of time. In making this argument the paper also responds to calls in the literature to take time more seriously for it shows how temporality constitutes strategic actors, rather than how already established strategic actors use time as a resource.
本文从时间的角度分析了欧洲大学作为战略行为体的出现。我认为,与文献一致,欧洲大学已经从机构转变为组织,更准确地说,是组织行动者。我与文献不同,认为这种变化也有相当大的时间维度,但迄今为止一直被忽视。时间维度包括从主要的时间性,即时间的制造,到次要的时间性,即时间的使用。在提出这一论点时,本文也回应了文献中的呼吁,即更认真地对待时间,因为它展示了时间性是如何构成战略行为者的,而不是已经建立的战略行为者如何将时间作为一种资源。
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) Capacity Building and Cassava Farmers Productivity in Anambra State 阿南布拉州农业发展方案(ADP)能力建设和木薯种植者生产力
Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v8n4p43
J Obiadi Adaobi, O. N. Frank, R. Uche
This study was necessitated as a result of the low productivity of cassava farmers in Anambra State. The study set out to examine the effect of Agricultural Development Program (ADP) capacity building on cassava farmers’ productivity in Anambra State. The work was anchored on Cobb-Douglas production model. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of this study comprised of all the ADP cassava farmers and non-ADP cassava farmers in Otuocha and Onitsha Agricultural Zone. With membership strength of three hundred and sixty (360) ADP Cassava farmers and one hundred and sixty (160) non-ADP cassava farmers, making up a total of five hundred and twenty (520) respondents. Structured and unstructured questionnaires were used for data collection and the analysis was done with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance. From the analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the output of ADPCFs and non ADPCFs in Anambra State (F =13.209 and p-value < .05). Based on the findings, the study concluded that belonging to ADP was responsible for the differences in output observed in the study. Sequel to this, it was recommended that cassava farmers in the state that are yet to key into ADP needs to do so in order to learn from the various level of capacity development programs organized by the body.
由于阿南布拉州木薯农民的生产力很低,因此有必要进行这项研究。该研究旨在检查农业发展计划(ADP)能力建设对阿南布拉州木薯农民生产力的影响。这项工作以柯布-道格拉斯生产模式为基础。本研究采用描述性调查研究设计。本研究的人群包括Otuocha和Onitsha农业区所有ADP木薯农民和非ADP木薯农民。会员人数为360名ADP木薯农民和160名非ADP木薯农民,共520名受访者。数据收集采用结构化和非结构化问卷,分析采用5%显著性水平的方差分析(ANOVA)。从分析中可以看出,阿南布拉州adpcf和非adpcf的产量存在显著差异(F =13.209, p值< 0.05)。基于这些发现,研究得出结论,属于ADP是研究中观察到的输出差异的原因。在此之后,建议该邦尚未进入ADP的木薯农民需要这样做,以便从该机构组织的各级能力发展计划中学习。
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引用次数: 0
New Means of Workplace Surveillance Model: From the Gaze of the Supervisor to the Digitalization of Employee Performance 工作场所监控模式的新手段:从管理者的目光到员工绩效的数字化
Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.5430/bmr.v8n4p54
Hanen Khanchel
Based on a data collection using the puzzle method. This method allowed us, first, to collect new types of data on Tunisian workers, in order to better quantify and analyse their activities. As a result, this study shows the consequences of the excessive use of employee behaviour monitoring tools and control devices established in Tunisian companies after the events of 14 January 2011. Indeed, it has been found that the system of control and monitoring of employee behaviors can feed the sources of stress and burn-out. Finally, some recommendations were proposed to address these issues.
基于一个数据收集使用拼图的方法。首先,这种方法使我们能够收集有关突尼斯工人的新型数据,以便更好地量化和分析他们的活动。因此,本研究显示了2011年1月14日事件后突尼斯公司过度使用员工行为监测工具和控制设备的后果。事实上,人们已经发现,控制和监控员工行为的系统可能会助长压力和倦怠的来源。最后,针对这些问题提出了一些建议。
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引用次数: 1
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