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A review on heterocyclic moieties and their applications 杂环基及其应用研究进展
Pub Date : 2016-04-20 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0009
S. Sabir, Mansour Ibrahim Alhazza, A. A. Ibrahim
Abstract Several described in literature crosslinking methods to obtain heterocyclic moieties were discussed in this review. Selected important properties of polyamides and their synthesis reactions were briefly presented. The heterocyclic moieties displayed a wide range of applications in medicine and industry. New heterocyclic derivatives obtained by linking heterocyclic moiety to amic acids and imides found diverse applications: as surfactants, antimicrobial agents, or corrosion inhibitors. The present article describes the state-of-the art synthesis methods of the heterocyclic compounds and their application.
摘要本文综述了文献中介绍的几种制备杂环基团的交联方法。简要介绍了聚酰胺的一些重要性质及其合成反应。杂环基团在医药和工业上有着广泛的应用。通过将杂环部分连接到胺酸和亚胺而得到的新的杂环衍生物发现了不同的应用:表面活性剂、抗菌剂或腐蚀抑制剂。本文介绍了杂环化合物的最新合成方法及其应用。
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引用次数: 13
Catalytic synthesis of 2-methyl-1,4- naphthoquinone in 1%Au/HPS presence 1%Au/HPS催化合成2-甲基-1,4-萘醌
Pub Date : 2016-02-03 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0008
E. Shimanskaya, E. Sulman, V. Doluda
Abstract In this paper, theoxidation process of 2 -methylnaphthalene to vitamin K3, using a gold catalyst systems will be discussed. This catalysis process is based on the hypercrosslinked polystyrene, synthesized by the impregnation with solutions of precursors − HAuCl4·2H2O and Ph3PAuCl. The use of gold catalyst system, which has been synthesized using Ph3PAuCl, allows to obtain the main product − 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone − with 72% yield.
摘要本文讨论了在金催化剂体系下,2 -甲基萘氧化制维生素K3的过程。该催化过程是在高交联聚苯乙烯的基础上,用前驱体- HAuCl4·2H2O和Ph3PAuCl溶液浸渍合成的。采用以Ph3PAuCl为原料合成的金催化剂体系,得到主产物- 2-甲基-1,4-萘醌-,产率为72%。
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引用次数: 4
Characterization of vanadia catalysts on structured micro-fibrous glass supports for selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide 结构微纤维玻璃载体上硫化氢选择性氧化钒催化剂的表征
Pub Date : 2016-02-02 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0007
T. Larina, S. Cherepanova, N. Rudina, B. Kolesov, A. Zagoruiko
Abstract This work is focused on the characterization of a novel vanadium pentoxide catalysts on a glass-fiber support. The catalyst support consists of a non-porous glass-fiber fabric covered with an additional external surface layer of porous secondary support of SiO2. The vanadia active component is synthesized from vanadyl oxalate precursor by means of an impulse surface thermo-synthesis method. Such catalysts demonstrate high activity and appropriate selectivity in the reaction of H2S oxidation by oxygen into sulfur in the practically important temperature range below 200°C. According to the characterization data, the freshly prepared vanadia catalyst partially consists of mostly the amorphous and badly ordered vanadia with some part of the wellcrystallized V2O5 phase. Under the reaction conditions the main part of vanadia in the catalyst remains in the amorphous V2O5 form, while the less part becomes reduces into of VO2 and other vanadium oxides (such as VO, V2O3 V3O7 and V4O9). Most probably, the crystallized V2O5 in course of reaction is responsible for the deep oxidation of hydrogen sulphide into SO2, while the lower vanadium oxides promote the selective H2S oxidation into elemental sulfur.
摘要本文研究了一种新型玻璃纤维载体上的五氧化二钒催化剂的表征。催化剂载体由非多孔玻璃纤维织物组成,其上覆盖有额外的多孔SiO2次级载体的外表层。以草酸钒基前驱体为原料,采用脉冲表面热合成法合成了钒活性组分。在200℃以下的重要温度范围内,该催化剂在H2S被氧氧化成硫的反应中表现出较高的活性和适当的选择性。根据表征数据,新制备的钒催化剂部分主要由无定形和无序的钒和部分良好结晶的V2O5相组成。在此反应条件下,催化剂中的钒主要以无定形的V2O5形态存在,少部分则还原为VO2和其他钒氧化物(如VO、V2O3 V3O7和V4O9)。最有可能的是,反应过程中结晶的V2O5负责将硫化氢深度氧化为SO2,而低钒氧化物则促进H2S选择性氧化为单质硫。
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引用次数: 9
NMR and EPR trapping of the active species in the ethylene polymerization and trimerization catalyst systems 乙烯聚合和三聚化催化剂体系中活性物质的NMR和EPR捕获
Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2016-0004
I. Soshnikov, N. V. Semikolenova, A. A. Antonov, K. Bryliakov, V. A. Zakharov, E. P. Talsi
Abstract In this work, previously undetected intermediates of several practically promising catalyst systems for ethylene polymerization and trimerization are discussed. In particular, the activation of ethylene polymerization catalysts (1) LNiCl2 (L = 2,4,6-trimethyl- (N-5,6,7-trihydroquinolin-8-ylidene)phenylamine) with AlEt2Cl and AlMe2Cl, (2) activation of bis(imino)pyridine vanadium(III) chloride L1VIIICl3 (L1 = 2,6-(ArN=CMe)2C5H3N, Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3; 2,6-Me2C6H3; 2,4,6-Me3C6H2; 3,5- F2C6H3) with AlMe3/[Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)]4¯ and MAO, and (3) selective ethylene trimerization catalyst (FI)TiCl3 (FI = phenoxyimine ligand with an additional aryl-OCH3 donor) with MAO have been assessed by NMR and EPR spectroscopy. The nature of ion-pair intermediates – the closest precursors of the propagating species – has been established, and the major catalyst deactivation pathways are discussed.
在这项工作中,以前未检测到的几个实际有前途的催化体系的乙烯聚合和三聚体的中间体进行了讨论。特别是对乙烯聚合催化剂的活化(1)LNiCl2 (L = 2,4,6-三甲基-(n- 5,6,7-三氢喹啉-8-乙基)苯胺)与AlEt2Cl和AlMe2Cl,(2)活化双(亚胺)吡啶氯化钒l1viii icl3 (L1 = 2,6-(ArN=CMe)2C5H3N, Ar = 2,6- ipr2c6h3;2、6-Me2C6H3;2、4、6-Me3C6H2;离子对中间体-繁殖物种最接近的前体-的性质已经确定,并讨论了主要的催化剂失活途径。
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引用次数: 0
Mixed spinel-type Ni-Co-Mn oxides: synthesis, structure and catalytic properties 尖晶石型Ni-Co-Mn混合氧化物的合成、结构及催化性能
Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2016-0005
E. Sadovskaya, D. D. Frolov, V. Goncharov, A. A. Fedorova, I. Morozov, A. Klyushin, A. Vinogradov, E. Smal, V. Sadykov
Abstract Mixed spinel-type oxides Co1.8Mn1.2O4, Ni0.33Co1.33Mn1.33O4 and Ni0.6Co1.2Mn1.2O4 prepared by thermal decomposition of nitrates have been studied in ethanol steam reforming reaction. Ni0.6Co1.2Mn1.2O4 demonstrated the highest activity among the oxides tested. Specificity of the cation distribution in the samples and their oxygen mobility have been studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and oxygen isotope heteroexchange, respectively. Doping of mixed cobalt-manganese spinel with Ni results in Mn redistribution between 3+ and 4+ oxidation states, thus increasing oxygen diffusion coefficient and the catalytic activity.
摘要研究了硝酸盐热分解制备的尖晶石型混合氧化物Co1.8Mn1.2O4、Ni0.33Co1.33Mn1.33O4和Ni0.6Co1.2Mn1.2O4在乙醇蒸汽重整反应中的作用。其中ni0.6 co1.2 mn1.2 2o4活性最高。分别用x射线吸收光谱和氧同位素异质交换研究了样品中阳离子分布的特异性和氧迁移率。混合钴锰尖晶石与Ni的掺杂使Mn在3+和4+氧化态之间重新分布,从而提高了氧扩散系数和催化活性。
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引用次数: 4
New Catalytic Systems for Hydrofining and Dearomatization Processes of Oil Fractions 石油馏分加氢精制和脱芳过程的新催化体系
Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2016-0003
M. P. Yunusov, Sh.B. Djalаlova, Kh.A. Nasullaev, Sh.T. Gulyamov, N. F. Isaeva, E. Mirzaeva
Abstract Various aspects of application of nonconventional support components (fulfilled alumina adsorbent and kaolin clay) and; their influence on a proportion of catalytic active and inert phases as a part of multilayered catalytic systems are reviewed. Operating experience of some elaborated catalysts for hydrocarbon oils hydrofining in the industrial reactor G-24 is also discussed.
摘要:应用各方面的非常规支撑构件(满氧化铝吸附剂和高岭土);综述了它们对多层催化体系中活性相和惰性相比例的影响。讨论了几种精制催化剂在G-24工业反应器中加氢精制烃类油的操作经验。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of temperature on ethanol conversion over the surface of Zr-modified zeolite ZSM-5 温度对zr改性沸石ZSM-5表面乙醇转化的影响
Pub Date : 2016-01-20 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0006
Kuzmina Raisa Ivanovna, Pilipenko Anton Yurievich
Abstract In this paper, we have shown modification of high-silicon zeolite ZSM-5 by zirconium, and the results of ethanol conversion on this catalyst. Effect of process parameters on the selectivity of ethanol dehydration products was analyzed. In addition, a mechanism of aromatic hydrocarbons formation including reactions of dehydrogenation, dehydrocyclization and alkylation of intermediates was discussed. It was found that with increasing temperature a selectivity decreased for reactions of isomerization and increased selectivity for aromatic products and products of cracking reactions. The data also confirms that hexene-1 is an intermediate in the conversion process of ethanol and the catalyst system with 1% Zr-ZSM-5 has a bi-functionality. Catalytic properties of the system in the conversion of hydrocarbons are determined by the presence on their surface of both Broensted and Lewis acid sites.
摘要本文研究了锆对高硅沸石ZSM-5的改性,以及在该催化剂上乙醇转化的结果。分析了工艺参数对乙醇脱水产物选择性的影响。讨论了芳烃的形成机理,包括中间体的脱氢、脱氢环化和烷基化反应。随着温度的升高,异构化反应的选择性降低,芳香产物和裂化反应的选择性增加。实验数据还证实了己烯-1是乙醇转化过程中的中间体,1% Zr-ZSM-5的催化剂体系具有双官能团。该体系在烃类转化中的催化性能取决于其表面是否存在布朗斯特酸和路易斯酸位点。
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引用次数: 4
Methane decomposition over Fe supported catalysts for hydrogen and nano carbon yield 铁负载催化剂上甲烷分解的氢和纳米碳产率
Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0005
A. Fakeeha, A. Ibrahim, M. Naeem, W. Khan, A. Abasaeed, Raja Alotaibi, A. Al‐Fatesh
Abstract Production of hydrogen, being an environmentally friendly energy source, has gained a lot of attention in the recent years. In this article, iron-based catalysts, with different active metal loadings, supported over magnesia and titania are investigated for hydrogen production via catalytic decomposition of methane. The catalytic activity and stability results revealed that magnesia supported catalysts performed better than titania supported catalysts. Hydrogen reduction temperature of 500°C was obtained suitable for catalyst activation. For magnesia supported catalysts, only higher loadings i.e., 30% and 40% Fe-Mg catalysts showed reasonable activity, while all titania supported catalysts presented less activity as well as deactivation. Among all the catalysts, 30% Fe/MgO catalyst displayed better activity. The formation of carbon nanofibers was evidenced from morphological analysis. FESEM and TEM images showed the generation of nonuniform carbon nanofibers with broader diameter. The catalysts were characterized using different techniques such as BET, H2-TPR, O2-TPO, XRD, TGA, FESEM and TEM.
摘要氢气作为一种环保能源,近年来受到了广泛的关注。在本文中,研究了不同活性金属负载的铁基催化剂在氧化镁和二氧化钛上的负载,用于甲烷催化分解制氢。结果表明,氧化镁负载型催化剂的催化活性和稳定性优于二氧化钛负载型催化剂。得到了适宜催化剂活化的500℃氢还原温度。对于负载氧化镁的催化剂,只有较高的负载量,即30%和40%的Fe-Mg催化剂表现出合理的活性,而所有负载二氧化钛的催化剂都表现出较低的活性和失活。其中,30% Fe/MgO催化剂表现出较好的活性。形态分析证实了碳纳米纤维的形成。FESEM和TEM图像显示,制备出了直径更宽、不均匀的纳米碳纤维。采用BET、H2-TPR、O2-TPO、XRD、TGA、FESEM和TEM等技术对催化剂进行了表征。
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引用次数: 12
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes: Importance of Chemical Composition and Morphology 固体氧化物燃料电池阴极:化学成分和形态的重要性
Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0004
V. Sadykov, V. S. Muzykantov, N. Yeremeev, V. Pelipenko, E. Sadovskaya, A. Bobin, Yulia Fedorova, D. Amanbaeva, A. Smirnova
Abstract The main aspects of the cathode materials morphology for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT SOFC) are considered in this paper. The approaches for estimation of their basic properties, e.g. oxygen mobility and surface reactivity, are described and the results of different techniques (e.g. weight and conductivity relaxation, oxygen isotope exchange) application for studies of powders and dense ceramic materials are compared. The Ruddlesden-Popper type phases (e.g. Pr2NiO4) provide enhanced oxygen mobility due to cooperative mechanism of oxygen interstitial migration. For perovskites, the oxygen mobility is increased by doping, which generates oxygen vacancies or decreases metal-oxygen bond strength. Nonadditive increasing of the oxygen diffusion coefficients found that for perovskite-fluorite nanocomposites, it can be explained by the fast oxygen migration along perovskitefluorite interfaces. Functionally graded nanocomposite cathodes provide the highest power density, the lowest area specific polarization resistance, and the best stability to degradation caused by the surface layer carbonization/ hydroxylation, thus being the most promising for thin film IT SOFC design.
摘要本文对中温固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)正极材料形貌的主要方面进行了研究。描述了估计其基本性质的方法,例如氧迁移率和表面反应性,并比较了不同技术(例如重量和电导率弛豫,氧同位素交换)在粉末和致密陶瓷材料研究中的应用结果。Ruddlesden-Popper型相(如Pr2NiO4)由于氧间质迁移的协同机制而增强了氧迁移率。对于钙钛矿来说,掺杂会增加氧的迁移率,从而产生氧空位或降低金属-氧键的强度。氧扩散系数的非加性增加发现,对于钙钛矿-萤石纳米复合材料,氧沿钙钛矿-萤石界面的快速迁移可以解释。功能梯度纳米复合阴极具有最高的功率密度、最低的面积比极化电阻和对表层碳化/羟基化降解的最佳稳定性,因此在薄膜IT SOFC设计中最有前景。
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引用次数: 16
Synthesis and Study of Ni-Mo-Co Catalysts for Hydroprocessing of Oil Fractions 油馏分加氢反应Ni-Mo-Co催化剂的合成与研究
Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1515/cse-2015-0003
M. P. Yunusov, Sh.M. Saidaxmedov, Sh.B. Djalаlova, Kh.A. Nasullaev, Sh.T. Gulyamov, N. F. Isaeva, E. Mirzaeva
Abstract The problems of synthesis of Ni-Mo, Ni-Mo Co and Co-Mo oxide catalysts for hydrodesulfurization and hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons in the composition of kerosene, diesel and oil fractions are discussed. The influence of spent adsorbent and kaolin as the additives on the physical-chemical and catalytic properties of bimetallic and trimetallic catalysts is established.
摘要讨论了煤油、柴油和石油馏分中芳烃加氢、脱硫、加氢用Ni-Mo、Ni-Mo Co和Co- mo氧化物催化剂的合成问题。研究了废吸附剂和高岭土作为添加剂对双金属和三金属催化剂的理化性能和催化性能的影响。
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引用次数: 1
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Catalysis for Sustainable Energy
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