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Adsorptive Desulfurization of Crude Oil with Expanded Perlite 膨胀珍珠岩对原油吸附脱硫的研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1206761
A. Özkan, V. Özkan
Crude oil; is a fossil energy source that has become possible to be used by refining processes and has a critical importance for the welfare, economic development, and quality of life of the society. As a result of the use of fossil fuels, carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur oxide (SOx), and other greenhouse gases are released and these gases are expressed as the main cause of global climate change. For this reason, scientists are making an intense effort to minimize the harmful effects of SOx gases released as a result of combustion reactions in crude oil. In this presented study; the sulfur content of crude oil has been tried to be reduced by an adsorptive desulfurization technique by using expanded perlite, which is a volcanic rock type and expands as a result of heating and takes on a porous structure. For this purpose, 50 mL samples of crude oil were treated separately with 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g of expanded perlite and then exposed to an adsorptive desulfurization process by mixing with a magnetic stirrer at 400 rpm for an hour at room temperature. Then, it was separated from the adsorbent with the help of a centrifuge and the amount of sulfur was determined by the LECO 628S device according to ASTM D 1552-03 method. As a result of the study, it was determined that the amount of sulfur in crude oil decreased by 10.82 %. The study's findings showed that the expanded crude perlite had a good capacity for sulfide loading, was renewably good, and had a stable structure for removing sulfur compounds.
原油;是一种化石能源,可以通过精炼过程加以利用,对社会福利、经济发展和生活质量具有至关重要的意义。由于化石燃料的使用,二氧化碳(CO2)、硫氧化物(SOx)和其他温室气体被释放出来,这些气体被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。因此,科学家们正在努力将原油燃烧反应释放的硫氧化物气体的有害影响降到最低。在本研究中;利用膨胀珍珠岩的吸附脱硫技术,试图降低原油中的硫含量。膨胀珍珠岩是一种火山岩类型,由于加热而膨胀,呈多孔结构。为此,分别用2、4、6、8和10 g膨胀珍珠岩处理50 mL原油样品,然后在室温下用磁力搅拌器以400转/分的速度搅拌1小时,进行吸附脱硫过程。然后,利用离心机将其从吸附剂中分离出来,用LECO 628S装置按照ASTM D 1552-03方法测定硫的量。研究结果表明,原油中硫含量降低了10.82%。研究结果表明,膨胀后的原油珍珠岩具有良好的载硫能力,可再生性好,具有稳定的脱硫结构。
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引用次数: 0
The Relation Between Symptoms of Premenstrual Term of Nurses Who Work in Kars and Predisposition to Somatization 卡尔斯护士经前期症状与躯体化倾向的关系
Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1072432
Ayşe Gül Geli̇r, S. Eliş Yıldız
This research is conducted to determine the relation between symptoms of premenstrual term of nurses who work in Kars and predisposition to somatization. This is a cross-sectional research. The population of this research are consisted of 108 nurses who work in Kars Kafkas University Training and Research Hospital in the process of the study. Any sample from population is not selected however 87 nurses who are proper for study criterias and present at the time of research participated voluntarily. During data collection Survey, premenstrual syndrome scale and somatization scale are used by researcher. Descriptive statistics (average, standard deviation, minimum, maximum), frequencies for categorical variables (score, percentage), t test, Mann Whitney U, Pearson Corelation, Kruskal-Wallis test are used while data evaluation. The level of Premenstrual Syndrom of the participants 124,80±42,969. Somatization level is 14,49±5,471. It is found 49% positive way relation between Somatization and Premenstrual Syndrom as a result of corelation analysis applied. As a result of research it is determined that there is a signicifant relation between Premenstrual Syndrom and Somatization. It is detected that women who has Premenstrual Syndrom are negatively affected in daily and working life.
本研究旨在探讨在卡尔斯工作的护士经前期症状与躯体化倾向的关系。这是一项横断面研究。本研究的研究对象为在研究过程中在卡尔斯卡夫卡大学培训与研究医院工作的108名护士。本研究没有从人群中抽取样本,而是选取了87名符合研究标准且在研究时在场的护士自愿参与。在数据收集调查中,研究者使用经前综合征量表和躯体化量表。数据评价采用描述性统计(平均值、标准差、最小值、最大值)、分类变量频率(分数、百分比)、t检验、Mann Whitney U检验、Pearson相关检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验。经前综合征水平124,80±42,969。躯体化水平为14,49±5,471。通过相关分析,躯体化与经前综合征之间存在49%的正相关关系。研究结果表明经前综合征与躯体化之间存在显著的关系。经前期综合征患者在日常生活和工作中受到负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Intermolecular Interactions of Nicotinamide Liganded Complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) 4-Formilbenzoates by Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and Investigation of Interaction Energies. 用Hirshfeld表面分析法测定Co(II)、Cu(II)、Ni(II)和Zn(II) 4-甲酰基苯甲酸酯烟酰胺配体的分子间相互作用及相互作用能
Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1205712
Mustafa Sertçelik
CrystalExplorer program is a program that has been used frequently in the field of theoretical chemistry in recent years and its popularity has increased. First of all, Hirshfeld surface analysis of molecules can be done in this program. Thanks to Hirshfeld surface analysis, intermolecular interactions and their contributions to the crystal surface can be determined. In this study, Hirshfeld surface analyzes and energy frameworks of nicotinamide complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) 4-formylbenzoate were investigated. Dnorm index, shape index, curvature index and 2D fingerprint graphs were examined for all complexes. In addition, the intermolecular interaction energies of the complexes were calculated using the CE-B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) and CEHF/3-21G energy models. As a result of all these, it was seen that the most important interaction in the four isostructured complexes was H...H interactions. According to Hirshfeld surface analysis and energy frameworks, O-H...O and N-H...O hydrogen bonds and π•••π stacking and C−H••π interaction energies are seen as the most important interaction types in the crystal structure.
CrystalExplorer程序是近年来在理论化学领域被频繁使用的一个程序,其普及程度越来越高。首先,分子的赫希菲尔德表面分析可以在这个程序中完成。由于Hirshfeld表面分析,分子间相互作用及其对晶体表面的贡献可以确定。本文研究了Co(II)、Cu(II)、Ni(II)和Zn(II) 4-苯甲酸甲酯烟酰胺配合物的Hirshfeld表面分析和能量框架。检测了所有复合物的Dnorm指数、形状指数、曲率指数和二维指纹图谱。此外,利用CE-B3LYP/6-31G (d,p)和CEHF/3-21G能量模型计算了配合物的分子间相互作用能。结果表明,四种同构配合物中最重要的相互作用是H…H相互作用。根据Hirshfeld表面分析和能量框架,O-H…O和N-H…O氢键、π•••π堆叠和C - H••π相互作用能被认为是晶体结构中最重要的相互作用类型。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of HNP and pKa Values of Some 3-Alkyl(Aryl)-4-phthalimido-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one Compounds by Semi-Neutralization Method 半中和法测定部分3-烷基(芳基)-4-邻苯二胺-4,5-二氢- 1h -1,2,4-三唑-5-酮化合物的HNP和pKa值
Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1200631
H. Yüksek, S. Manap, G. Özdemir
In this study, the effects of solvents and molecular structure upon acidity, five 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-phthalimido-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (3-7) were potentiometrically titrated with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) in four different anhydrous solvents (isopropyl alcohol, acetonitrile, tert-butyl alcohol and N,N-dimethylformamide) and HNP and corresponding pKa values were determined by half-neutralization method for all cases.
在本研究中,溶剂和分子结构对酸度的影响,用四丁基氢氧化铵(TBAH)在四种不同的无水溶剂(异丙醇、乙腈、叔丁醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)中滴定了5个3-烷基(芳基)-4-邻苯二甲酸-4,5-二氢- 1h -1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(3-7),并采用半中和法测定了HNP和相应的pKa值。
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引用次数: 0
Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Adli Vaka ve Adli Ebelik Konusunda Bilgi ve Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1084609
Sibel Öztürk, Safiye AĞAPINAR ŞAHİN
Bu araştırma, ebelik öğrencilerinin adli vakalara yaklaşımı ile adli ebelik hakkındaki bilgi ve görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu araştırma Atatürk Üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi ebelik bölümü 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencileri ile tanımlayıcı-karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmada örnekleme yöntemine gidilmemiş, evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılarak toplam 173 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada öğrencilere 18 yaş altı genital muayene yapma teklifi ile karşılaştığında 3. Sınıf öğrencilerin %31.2’si yapmayacağını, %18.2’si bu durum karşısında ne yapacağını bilmediğini, %4.3 yapacağını, %10.8’i de kişinin onayının olup olmadığını soracağını belirtmiştir. 4.sınıf öğrencilerin bu durum karşısındaki tutumunu incelediğimizde ise öğrencilerin %21.3’ünün yapmayacağını, %16.3’ü bilmediğini belirtmiştir. Ebelik 3. sınıf öğrencilerinin adli ebelik alanında çalışmak isteme durumu sorulduğunda %58.1’i bu alanda çalışmak istediğini belirtmiştir. Çalışmak isteme nedeni olarak öğrencilerin %54.5’i bu alanın ilgisini çektiğini belirtmiş. 4. Sınıf öğrencilere baktığımızda ise öğrencilerin %45 bu alanda çalışmak istediğini ve çalışmak isteyen öğrenciler arasında %47.4’ü de bu alanın ilgisini çektiğini belirtmiştir. Ebelik öğrencilerin adli vaka ve bu vakalar ile karşılaştıklarında nasıl davranacaklarını bilmedikleri belirlenmiştir.
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引用次数: 0
Biological properties of a newly isolated bacteriophage (NL1) that infects Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain 感染大肠杆菌O157:H7菌株的新分离噬菌体(NL1)的生物学特性
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1112953
N. Mutlu, E. Koç, Ö. Özden
Escherichia coli O157: H7 strain was used as the standard strain for bacteriophages isolated from polluted environmental foci and animal waste-contaminated waters, and some of the enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strains previously isolated from sporadic cases were used to determine the host diversity of phages. The physiological properties of bacteriophages specific to Escherichia coli O157:H7, designated Escherichiaphage NL1, were studied. After the isolation step, bacteriophages were purified and their titer was increased. Cross-antigenic properties of the hosts were investigated with Escherichia phage NL1 phage. One-step growth curve parameters such as adsorption time of phages, latent period, burst size, multiplicity of infection value (MOI) were determined. Results showed that bacteriophage NL1 completely lysed the E.coli O157:H7 (RSKK 09007) and E.coli O:164 RSKK 324. In the study, the effects of phage NL1 only on E.coli O157:H7 were investigated. The calculated highest titer was determined as Optimal multiplycity of infection (2.16x108). It was determined that the latent period lasted for 20 minutes and the phage was reached the burst size at approximately 90 minutes.
以O157: H7大肠埃希菌作为污染环境疫源地和动物粪便污染水体中噬菌体分离的标准菌株,并利用以往从散发病例中分离的部分肠侵入性大肠埃希菌菌株测定噬菌体宿主多样性。对大肠杆菌O157:H7噬菌体(Escherichiaphage NL1)的生理特性进行了研究。分离步骤完成后,对噬菌体进行纯化,提高其滴度。用埃希氏噬菌体NL1研究宿主的交叉抗原特性。测定噬菌体吸附时间、潜伏期、爆发大小、多重感染值(MOI)等一步生长曲线参数。结果表明,噬菌体NL1完全裂解大肠杆菌O157:H7 (rskk09007)和大肠杆菌O:164 (rskk324)。本研究仅研究了噬菌体NL1对大肠杆菌O157:H7的作用。计算出的最高滴度为最佳感染倍数(2.16 × 108)。测定潜伏期为20分钟,噬菌体在90分钟左右达到爆发大小。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Graft Harvesting Operations from Anterior and Posterior Iliac Donor Sites by Finite Element Analysis 用有限元分析评价髂前后供区移植手术
Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.1003613
A. T. Şensoy, I. H. Korkmaz, Fatih Medetalibeyoglu, I. Kaymaz
When the graft donor areas are evaluated in terms of bone reserve and functional aspects, it can be said that the iliac site has outstanding properties. However, complications of graft harvesting operations performed from various iliac donor sites have been reported by many researchers. Numerous studies have been carried out in the literature to reduce these complications, and to increase the success of the operation. However, biomechanical comparison of anterior and posterior iliac graft harvesting operations is one of the gaps in the literature. This study aims to assess both biomechanical behavior and bone graft reserve comparison of the two surgical operation alternatives. According to the FEA results of the study, posterior iliac graft harvesting provides 264% more trabecular bone reserve than anterior operation. However, this rate is 132% for cortical bone. When the models are compared, anterior osteotomy model has a 8.6% higher von Mises strain compared to the posterior osteotomy model. Results of the present study has shown that the region with the highest stress value in the cortical bone is the sacroiliac joint for both models. While posterior graft harvesting operation offers advantages in terms of morbidity rate, joint fracture risk and graft reserve, anterior operation can be preferred in terms of operational ease and the sacroiliac joint stability. However, since results obtained may be affected by the factors such as the amount of graft harvested, the patient's bone quality, anatomical differences, age and gender, it has been evaluated that the success of the operation may be enhanced by carrying out a patient-specific approach for modeling and analysis steps.
当从骨储备和功能方面评估移植物供体区域时,可以说髂骨部位具有突出的特性。然而,许多研究人员已经报道了从不同的髂供体部位进行移植手术的并发症。文献中已经进行了大量的研究来减少这些并发症,并增加手术的成功率。然而,前髂和后髂移植手术的生物力学比较是文献中的空白之一。本研究旨在评估两种手术方案的生物力学行为和骨移植储备的比较。根据本研究的有限元分析结果,髂后路移植比前路手术提供了264%的骨小梁储备。然而,皮质骨的这一比例为132%。模型比较,前路截骨模型的von Mises应变比后路截骨模型高8.6%。本研究结果表明,在两种模型中,皮质骨中应力值最高的区域是骶髂关节。后路植骨收获术在发病率、关节骨折风险和植骨储备等方面具有优势,但在操作简便和骶髂关节稳定性方面,前路植骨收获术更可取。然而,由于获得的结果可能会受到诸如移植物收获量、患者骨质量、解剖差异、年龄和性别等因素的影响,因此评估认为,通过实施针对患者的建模和分析步骤,可以提高手术的成功率。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation the Effect of Boric Acid effect on Antioxidant System, HDL Levels and PON Activity on Rats Feding to the High-Fat Diet 硼酸对高脂日粮大鼠抗氧化系统、高密度脂蛋白水平及PON活性的影响
Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.994111
Destan Kalacay, O. Atakisi
Recent studies have revealed that boron compounds can be effective in the treatment of obesity, which is known to be one of the most dangerous and complex health problems of this age. In this study, the therapeutic effect of boron molecules in the diet on obesity was investigated. For this purpose, the effects of boron compounds on Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels and paraoxanase (PON) activity were investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet. The study material was 40 Sprague Dawley rats 4-5 months old with a mean live weight of 226.95 ± 5.75 g. Animals were divided into 4 groups as Group I (normal diet), Group II (High fat), Group III (High fat + Boric Acid) and Group IV (Boric Acid). Six weeks after the experiment, blood samples were taken from the animals and TAS, TOS, HDL levels and PON activity were measured from the samples. In addition, the live weight changes of the animals were recorded. At the end of the study, we found that boric acid given in addition to drinking water did not significantly change TAS level and PON activity, but increased TOS and HDL levels. In addition, the weight average of the group treated with boric acid decreased. As a result, boric acid did not have an effect on the antioxidant system, but it caused an increase in HDL level and a decrease in PON activity. In addition, boric acid can be effective in lowering body weight.
最近的研究表明,硼化合物可以有效治疗肥胖,肥胖是这个年龄段最危险和最复杂的健康问题之一。本研究探讨了饮食中硼分子对肥胖的治疗作用。为此,研究了硼化合物对高脂日粮小鼠总抗氧化状态(TAS)、总氧化状态(TOS)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平和对氧化酶(PON)活性的影响。选用4-5月龄平均活重226.95±5.75 g的Sprague Dawley大鼠40只。实验动物分为4组:ⅰ组(正常饲粮)、ⅱ组(高脂肪)、ⅲ组(高脂肪+硼酸)和ⅳ组(硼酸)。实验6周后,取动物血样,测定TAS、TOS、HDL水平和PON活性。同时记录各组动物的活重变化。在研究结束时,我们发现在饮水之外给予硼酸对TAS水平和PON活性没有明显影响,但增加了TOS和HDL水平。此外,硼酸处理组的平均体重下降。结果表明,硼酸对抗氧化系统没有影响,但引起HDL水平升高和PON活性降低。此外,硼酸可以有效地降低体重。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of the effects of sodium phenylpyruvate on pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) and mammary adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) on cell lines 苯丙酮酸钠对肺腺癌(A549)和乳腺腺癌(MDA-MB-231)细胞系影响的研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.979147
A. Doğan, A. Doğan
Kanser tedavisinde son yıllarda başarı oranını artıran ilaç ve yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Ancak toksisitesi düşük ve yüksek derecede etkili bir ilaç üretilememiştir. Bu araştırma akciğer (A549) ve meme kanseri (MDA-MB-231) hücre hatlarında sodyum fenilpirüvatın antitümöral etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada distile suyla sodyum fenilpirüvatın değişik yoğunluklarda çözeltileri hazırlandı. Bu çözeltilerden içerisinde 1x103 adet kanser hücresi bulunan mikropleyt kuyucuklarına sırasıyla kontrol, 0.0375 mM, 0.075 mM, 0.15 mM, 0.3 mM, 0.6 mM, 1.2 mM ve 2.4 mM’lik konsantrasyonlarından 100 mikrolitre hacimlerde ilave edildi. Aynı doz sağlıklı hücrelere de uygulandı. Her kuyucuğa 24, 48 ve 72. saatlerde CVDK-8 Cell Viability Test kitinden (Eco-Tech) 10’ar µL eklendi ve 1 saat sonra mikropleytlerin 450 nm dalga boyunda verdikleri absorbansları spektrofotometrede ölçülerek hücrelerin yoğunlukları belirlendi. Kontrol ve deney gruplarından elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiki yönden değerlendirildi. Deney gruplarda kontrole göre kanser hücre sayılarının azaldığı, hücre katlanma sayılarının ise arttığı tespit edildi. Kontrole göre en fazla azalma Akciğer Karsinom hücre hattında 2,4 mM dozda 24. saatte, Meme Adenokarsinom hücre hattında 2,4 mM dozda 72. saatte ve Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) hattında 1,2 mM dozda 48. saatte olduğu tespit edildi. Sodyum fenilpirüvatın akciğer ve meme kanseri hücreleri üzerine in vitro şartlarda antitümöral etki gösterdiği sonucuna varıldı.
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引用次数: 0
Fen Bilimleri Dersi 5. Sınıf “Işığın Yayılması” Ünitesine Yönelik Başarı Testi Geliştirme Çalışması
Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.48138/cjo.644364
Serkan Sevim, I. Uysal, Emine Demi̇rci̇
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引用次数: 1
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Caucasian Journal of Science
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