The first biomimetic and concise racemic total syntheses of renifolin F and antiarone K, accomplished in 8 and 7 linear steps, respectively, are presented in this article. Our synthetic approach commences with substituted aldehydes to produce prenylated aldol products followed by ene-type intramolecular cyclization affording a five-member core ring. This key step mediated by InCl3·4H2O is a novel procedure first utilized in prenylated systems which directly culminates mainly into tertiary alcohols.
本文首次介绍了雷尼福林 F 和安替卡隆 K 的仿生简易外消旋全合成方法,分别只需 8 个和 7 个线性步骤即可完成。我们的合成方法从取代醛开始,生成预炔化的醛醇产物,然后进行烯型分子内环化,得到一个五元核心环。由 InCl3-4H2O 介导的这一关键步骤是首次在预炔化体系中使用的新程序,它主要直接生成叔醇。
{"title":"Biomimetic total syntheses of renifolin F and antiarone K†","authors":"Jarish Ahamad , Faiz Ahmed Khan","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00651h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00651h","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The first biomimetic and concise racemic total syntheses of renifolin F and antiarone K, accomplished in 8 and 7 linear steps, respectively, are presented in this article. Our synthetic approach commences with substituted aldehydes to produce prenylated aldol products followed by ene-type intramolecular cyclization affording a five-member core ring. This key step mediated by InCl<sub>3</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O is a novel procedure first utilized in prenylated systems which directly culminates mainly into tertiary alcohols.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selvaraj Elavarasan , Jeyaraj Preety , M. Kesavan , Ravi B. Patel , Baburaj Baskar
Herein, a novel transition-metal-free thiol-based donor–acceptor organophotocatalyst-assisted, singlet-oxygen-mediated tandem oxidative cyclization for the synthesis of substituted oxazoles in moderate-to-good yields is described. The developed method demonstrates applicability for the synthesis of various substituted quinoxalines in good-to-excellent yields. The metal-free methodology shows a practical route for the synthesis of oxazole and quinoxaline derivatives, which are privileged moieties prevalent in various biologically active compounds and natural products. To the best of our knowledge, both the thiol photocatalyst and synthesis of oxazoles by visible-light irradiation are reported for the first time.
{"title":"Activation of enamine by photoexcited organocatalyst assisted singlet oxygen: synthesis of oxazoles and quinoxalines†","authors":"Selvaraj Elavarasan , Jeyaraj Preety , M. Kesavan , Ravi B. Patel , Baburaj Baskar","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00609g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00609g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, a novel transition-metal-free thiol-based donor–acceptor organophotocatalyst-assisted, singlet-oxygen-mediated tandem oxidative cyclization for the synthesis of substituted oxazoles in moderate-to-good yields is described. The developed method demonstrates applicability for the synthesis of various substituted quinoxalines in good-to-excellent yields. The metal-free methodology shows a practical route for the synthesis of oxazole and quinoxaline derivatives, which are privileged moieties prevalent in various biologically active compounds and natural products. To the best of our knowledge, both the thiol photocatalyst and synthesis of oxazoles by visible-light irradiation are reported for the first time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zai-Gang Han , Kaifeng He , Yi Zheng , Linghui Qian
Among the fastest-growing bio-pharmaceuticals, therapeutic antibodies have achieved unprecedented success in treating various diseases. Though powerful, issues such as inefficacy or acquired resistance are waiting to be addressed to benefit more patients with improved therapeutic outcomes. In addition to in vivo distribution, the cellular spatiotemporal information including the antibody–antigen interaction and subsequent internalization is found to be important for the therapeutic effects. To better understand the cellular fate of therapeutic antibodies, especially the cellular internalization process, we employed a pH-sensitive linker to attach a red-emissive AIEgen onto the antibody. The resulting antibody conjugate will undergo AIEgen release to liberate brilliant fluorescence inside acidic endo/lysosomes, allowing wash-free visualization of the internalization process and facilitating the evaluation of antibody–drug efficacy.
{"title":"Visualizing the cellular internalization of therapeutic antibodies via pH-sensitive release of AIEgen†","authors":"Zai-Gang Han , Kaifeng He , Yi Zheng , Linghui Qian","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00512k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00512k","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among the fastest-growing bio-pharmaceuticals, therapeutic antibodies have achieved unprecedented success in treating various diseases. Though powerful, issues such as inefficacy or acquired resistance are waiting to be addressed to benefit more patients with improved therapeutic outcomes. In addition to <em>in vivo</em> distribution, the cellular spatiotemporal information including the antibody–antigen interaction and subsequent internalization is found to be important for the therapeutic effects. To better understand the cellular fate of therapeutic antibodies, especially the cellular internalization process, we employed a pH-sensitive linker to attach a red-emissive AIEgen onto the antibody. The resulting antibody conjugate will undergo AIEgen release to liberate brilliant fluorescence inside acidic endo/lysosomes, allowing wash-free visualization of the internalization process and facilitating the evaluation of antibody–drug efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A photoredox/copper-catalyzed 1,4-difunctionalization of 1,3-enynes with readily available difluoroalkylating reagents and TMSCN was developed. This reaction proceeded at mild conditions, affording the corresponding difluoroalkylated allenes in good yields with high functional-group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity.
{"title":"Photoredox/copper-catalyzed gem-difluoroalkylation-cyanation of 1,3-enynes†","authors":"Yachen Wang , Shuai Liu , Yangen Huang","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00602j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00602j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A photoredox/copper-catalyzed 1,4-difunctionalization of 1,3-enynes with readily available difluoroalkylating reagents and TMSCN was developed. This reaction proceeded at mild conditions, affording the corresponding difluoroalkylated allenes in good yields with high functional-group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanja Djokić , Goran Benedeković , Jelena Kesić , Marko V. Rodić , Mirjana Popsavin , Velimir Popsavin , Jovana Francuz
The first total synthesis and absolute configuration assignment of asperilactone B (I) have been accomplished. Additionally, a revision of the absolute stereochemistry of asperilactone C has been done. The first total synthesis of the opposite enantiomer of asperilactone B (ent-I) has also been achieved, as well as that of C-7 epimers of both asperilactones B (8) and C (9).
首次完成了阿斯佩里内酯 B (I) 的全合成和绝对构型分配。此外,还对阿斯佩里内酯 C 的绝对立体化学进行了修订。此外,还首次合成了阿斯佩里内酯 B 的对映体(ent-I),以及阿斯佩里内酯 B (8) 和 C (9) 的 C-7 外比体。
{"title":"First total synthesis of asperilactone B. Revision of absolute stereochemistry of asperilactones B and C†","authors":"Sanja Djokić , Goran Benedeković , Jelena Kesić , Marko V. Rodić , Mirjana Popsavin , Velimir Popsavin , Jovana Francuz","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00583j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00583j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The first total synthesis and absolute configuration assignment of asperilactone B (<strong>I</strong>) have been accomplished. Additionally, a revision of the absolute stereochemistry of asperilactone C has been done. The first total synthesis of the opposite enantiomer of asperilactone B (<em>ent</em>-<strong>I</strong>) has also been achieved, as well as that of C-7 epimers of both asperilactones B (<strong>8</strong>) and C (<strong>9</strong>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aditi Arora , Sumit Kumar , Sandeep Kumar , Amita Dua , Brajendra K. Singh
A straightforward and efficient methodology has been employed for the synthesis of a diverse set of base-modified fluorescent nucleoside conjugates via Cu(i)-catalysed cycloaddition reaction of 5-ethynyl-2′,3′,5′-tri-O-acetyluridine/3′,5′-di-O-acetyl-2′-deoxyuridine with 4-(azidomethyl)-N9-(4′-aryl)-9,10-dihydro-2H,8H-chromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazin-2-ones in tBuOH to afford the desired 1,2,3-triazoles in 92–95% yields. Treatment with NaOMe/MeOH resulted in the final deprotected nucleoside analogues. The synthesized 1,2,3-triazoles demonstrated a significant emission spectrum, featuring two robust bands in the region from 350–500 nm (with excitation at 300 nm) in fluorescence studies. Photophysical investigations revealed a dual-emissive band with high fluorescence intensity, excellent Stokes shift (140–164 nm) and superior quantum yields (0.068–0.350). Furthermore, the electronic structures of the synthesized triazoles have been further verified by DFT studies. Structural characterization of all synthesized compounds was carried out using various analytical techniques, including IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 1H–1H COSY, 1H–13C HETCOR experiments, and HRMS measurements. The dual-emissive nature of these nucleosides would be a significant contribution to nucleoside chemistry as there are limited literature reports on the same.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and photophysical studies of dual-emissive base-modified fluorescent nucleosides†‡","authors":"Aditi Arora , Sumit Kumar , Sandeep Kumar , Amita Dua , Brajendra K. Singh","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00749b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00749b","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A straightforward and efficient methodology has been employed for the synthesis of a diverse set of base-modified fluorescent nucleoside conjugates <em>via</em> Cu(<span>i</span>)-catalysed cycloaddition reaction of 5-ethynyl-2′,3′,5′-tri-<em>O</em>-acetyluridine/3′,5′-di-<em>O</em>-acetyl-2′-deoxyuridine with 4-(azidomethyl)-<em>N</em><sup>9</sup>-(4′-aryl)-9,10-dihydro-2<em>H</em>,8<em>H</em>-chromeno[8,7-<em>e</em>][1,3]oxazin-2-ones in <sup>t</sup>BuOH to afford the desired 1,2,3-triazoles in 92–95% yields. Treatment with NaOMe/MeOH resulted in the final deprotected nucleoside analogues. The synthesized 1,2,3-triazoles demonstrated a significant emission spectrum, featuring two robust bands in the region from 350–500 nm (with excitation at 300 nm) in fluorescence studies. Photophysical investigations revealed a dual-emissive band with high fluorescence intensity, excellent Stokes shift (140–164 nm) and superior quantum yields (0.068–0.350). Furthermore, the electronic structures of the synthesized triazoles have been further verified by DFT studies. Structural characterization of all synthesized compounds was carried out using various analytical techniques, including IR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR, <sup>1</sup>H–<sup>1</sup>H COSY, <sup>1</sup>H–<sup>13</sup>C HETCOR experiments, and HRMS measurements. The dual-emissive nature of these nucleosides would be a significant contribution to nucleoside chemistry as there are limited literature reports on the same.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengjie Huang , Tao Yang , Jingyang Jia , Songsen Fu , Bang Hong , Fan Wu , Feng Ni
We report herein a synthesis of allylic phosphoramidates from alkenes by selenium-catalyzed allylic C–H derivatization. This method features mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and high functional group tolerance, enabling late-stage modification of a number of complex substrates. In addition, this protocol was applied to modify caryophyllene and produced a photoaffinity probe capable of proteomic target labeling in live HeLa cells.
我们在此报告了一种通过硒催化烯丙基 C-H 衍生化,从烯合成烯丙基磷酰胺酸盐的方法。该方法具有条件温和、底物范围广、官能团耐受性高等特点,可对多种复杂底物进行后期修饰。此外,该方法还被应用于修饰加里叶烯,并产生了一种能够在活体 HeLa 细胞中进行蛋白质组目标标记的光亲和探针。
{"title":"Selenium-catalyzed allylic C–H phosphoramidation of alkenes†","authors":"Chengjie Huang , Tao Yang , Jingyang Jia , Songsen Fu , Bang Hong , Fan Wu , Feng Ni","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00638k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00638k","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report herein a synthesis of allylic phosphoramidates from alkenes by selenium-catalyzed allylic C–H derivatization. This method features mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and high functional group tolerance, enabling late-stage modification of a number of complex substrates. In addition, this protocol was applied to modify caryophyllene and produced a photoaffinity probe capable of proteomic target labeling in live HeLa cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development of biocompatible nanomaterials with mitochondria-targeting and multimodal therapeutic activities is important for cancer treatment. Herein, we designed and synthesized a multifunctional pyrrole-based nanomaterial with photothermal effects and mitochondria-targeting properties from polypyrrole and the pro-apoptotic peptide KLA. Different from traditional strategies for the preparation of PPy nanoparticles, we innovatively used the KLA peptide as the template and CuCl2 as the catalyst to trigger the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole for PPy-KLA-Cu nanoparticle formation. Besides, due to the presence of mixed-valence Cu(i)/Cu(ii) states, PPy-KLA-Cu nanoparticles also exhibited multienzyme-like activities, such as peroxidase, ascorbate oxidase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which can be exploited to elevate the intracellular ROS level and simultaneously consume GSH in cancer cells. More importantly, the heat generated by PPy-KLA-Cu nanoparticles from NIR irradiation could enhance the nanozymatic activities for ROS elevation and increase the KLA-induced anticancer activity via mitochondrial dysfunction, realizing multimodal treatment of cancer cells with improved therapeutic efficacy.
{"title":"Synthesis of a catalytic nanomaterial from polypyrrole and a pro-apoptotic peptide to target mitochondria for multimodal cancer therapy†","authors":"Cong Wang , Xin Tian , Xinming Li","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00600c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00600c","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Development of biocompatible nanomaterials with mitochondria-targeting and multimodal therapeutic activities is important for cancer treatment. Herein, we designed and synthesized a multifunctional pyrrole-based nanomaterial with photothermal effects and mitochondria-targeting properties from polypyrrole and the pro-apoptotic peptide KLA. Different from traditional strategies for the preparation of PPy nanoparticles, we innovatively used the KLA peptide as the template and CuCl<sub>2</sub> as the catalyst to trigger the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole for PPy-KLA-Cu nanoparticle formation. Besides, due to the presence of mixed-valence Cu(<span>i</span>)/Cu(<span>ii</span>) states, PPy-KLA-Cu nanoparticles also exhibited multienzyme-like activities, such as peroxidase, ascorbate oxidase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which can be exploited to elevate the intracellular ROS level and simultaneously consume GSH in cancer cells. More importantly, the heat generated by PPy-KLA-Cu nanoparticles from NIR irradiation could enhance the nanozymatic activities for ROS elevation and increase the KLA-induced anticancer activity <em>via</em> mitochondrial dysfunction, realizing multimodal treatment of cancer cells with improved therapeutic efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Er-Bin Wang , Qingtian Fan , Xuelian Lu , Bing Sun , Fang-Lin Zhang
Visible light-induced aza-6π electrocyclization was developed for the synthesis of aza-arenes from nitroarenes with diverse aldehydes. This protocol allows the reduction of nitroarenes by B2nep2 and subsequent 6π-electrocyclization of the in situ formed imine under visible light. An array of 6- and multi-substituted phenanthridines were constructed in moderate to good yields under purple LEDs at room temperature. A wide scope of substrates with diverse functional groups were well tolerated. In addition, the synthetic utility of this methodology was further demonstrated in the late-stage functionalization of celecoxib.
{"title":"Visible light-induced reductive aza-6π electrocyclization access to phenanthridines†","authors":"Er-Bin Wang , Qingtian Fan , Xuelian Lu , Bing Sun , Fang-Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00656a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00656a","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Visible light-induced aza-6π electrocyclization was developed for the synthesis of aza-arenes from nitroarenes with diverse aldehydes. This protocol allows the reduction of nitroarenes by B<sub>2</sub>nep<sub>2</sub> and subsequent 6π-electrocyclization of the <em>in situ</em> formed imine under visible light. An array of 6- and multi-substituted phenanthridines were constructed in moderate to good yields under purple LEDs at room temperature. A wide scope of substrates with diverse functional groups were well tolerated. In addition, the synthetic utility of this methodology was further demonstrated in the late-stage functionalization of celecoxib.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milanpreet Kaur , Julian C. Cooper , Jeffrey F. Van Humbeck
Benzylic C–H bonds can be converted into numerous functional groups, often by mechanisms that involve hydrogen atom transfer as the key bond breaking step. The abstracting species is most often an electrophilic radical, which makes these reactions best suited to electron-rich C–H bonds to achieve appropriate polarity matching. Thus, electron deficient systems such as pyridine and pyrimidine are relatively unreactive, and therefore underrepresented in substrate scopes. In this report, we describe a new method for heterobenzylic hydroxylation—essentially an unknown reaction in the case of pyrimidines—that makes use of an iodine(iii) reagent to afford very high selectivity towards electron-deficient azaheterocycles in substrates with more than one reactive position and prevents over-oxidation to carbonyl products. The identification of key reaction byproducts supports a mechanism that involves radical coupling in the bond forming step.
{"title":"Site-selective benzylic C–H hydroxylation in electron-deficient azaheterocycles†","authors":"Milanpreet Kaur , Julian C. Cooper , Jeffrey F. Van Humbeck","doi":"10.1039/d4ob00268g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4ob00268g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Benzylic C–H bonds can be converted into numerous functional groups, often by mechanisms that involve hydrogen atom transfer as the key bond breaking step. The abstracting species is most often an electrophilic radical, which makes these reactions best suited to electron-rich C–H bonds to achieve appropriate polarity matching. Thus, electron deficient systems such as pyridine and pyrimidine are relatively unreactive, and therefore underrepresented in substrate scopes. In this report, we describe a new method for heterobenzylic hydroxylation—essentially an unknown reaction in the case of pyrimidines—that makes use of an iodine(<span>iii</span>) reagent to afford very high selectivity towards electron-deficient azaheterocycles in substrates with more than one reactive position and prevents over-oxidation to carbonyl products. The identification of key reaction byproducts supports a mechanism that involves radical coupling in the bond forming step.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}