Cell and Tissue Banking最新文献

Human heart valve homografts, usually donated after death, are banked worldwide to facilitate reconstructive cardiac surgery, which is a necessary procedure to repair both congenital and acquired cardiac defects. Donations of substances of human origin carry a risk of transmitting infection to recipients. As a result, several different precautions are taken to minimise this risk. Testing the tissue product for possible contamination, and carrying out decontamination of the tissue (often through the use of an antibiotic cocktail) are two of the procedures performed routinely in tissue establishments to minimize the risk of transplantation associated infections. This area of clinical practice does not have an established external quality assessment (EQA) Scheme. This report describes an initial pilot scheme of an EQA to investigate the microbiology testing of heart tissue banking, a collaboration between the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS) and UK National External Quality Assessment Service (UK NEQAS) for Microbiology. The results highlight the differences in practice between different tissue banks, further supporting the need for setting up an EQA on a regular basis and the need to produce a best practice method document to attempt harmonisation of the testing.

Chronic diabetic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, pose a significant health challenge due to their prolonged healing times and high recurrence rates. Conventional treatments are often inadequate, driving interest in advanced therapeutic approaches like biological scaffolds. Decellularized scaffolds, which replicate the extracellular matrix (ECM), have shown potential in promoting tissue regeneration and wound healing. This study evaluated the efficacy of decellularized bovine articular cartilage scaffolds in enhancing wound healing in a preclinical murine model of chronic diabetic wounds. Bovine articular cartilage was decellularized using a combination of chemical and physical processes. The scaffolds were characterized through H and E staining (to assess histomorphological characteristics), FTIR, and SEM analyses to confirm ECM preservation and effective decellularization. Twenty female diabetic BALB/c mice were divided into two groups: a control group (treated with Atrauman Ag® dressings) and an experimental group (treated with decellularized bovine articular cartilage scaffolds). This study examined the effects of decellularization on the structural and chemical properties of the cartilage scaffolds, as well as their impact on wound healing and closure rates in diabetic mice compared to the control group. Mice treated with the decellularized cartilage scaffolds demonstrated a significantly faster wound closure rate (100% closure by day 17) compared to the control group (75% closure by day 17, P < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed more organized epidermal regeneration, fibrin deposition, and granulation tissue formation in the scaffold-treated group. SEM and FTIR analyses confirmed the preservation and integrity of the ECM before and after the decellularization process. Decellularized bovine articular cartilage scaffolds significantly enhance wound healing in chronic diabetic wounds by promoting tissue regeneration and reducing inflammation. These findings suggest that such scaffolds represent a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds.

Burn injuries in children are a critical public health issue with significant mortality and morbidity. Allogeneic skin grafts, both cadaveric and freshly donated, have been utilized in pediatric burn care since many years, yet their efficacy and safety remain to be systematically assessed. This systematic review (PROSPERO number: CRD42024560654) analyzed studies from 01/2000 to 07/2024 sourced from PubMed. Inclusion criteria targeted RCTs and retrospective studies focused on the use of allogeneic skin grafts in pediatric burn patients. Extracted data were presented in a narrative synthesis and a comprehensive table. Established tools were used for risk of bias assessment. 13 studies were deemed suitable for analysis, with only two qualifying as RCTs. Allogeneic skin grafts have shown promise in managing pediatric burns, especially in resource-limited settings where autografts or skin substitutes are not available. Studies varied in their treatment approaches, with allogeneic grafts often used for more severe burns, suggesting that observed adverse effects may be due to injury severity rather than treatment type. The retrospective nature of the majority suggests a limited level of evidence. Moreover, the heterogeneity among study designs and patient populations makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. Allogeneic skin grafts represent a valuable treatment option in pediatric burn care. However, further well-designed RCTs are essential to establish a stronger evidence base for their use and to guide clinical decision-making. The current literature underscores the potential of allogeneic grafts but also the necessity for more nuanced research tailored to pediatric needs.

The orthopaedic surgeries were greatly aided by bone grafting with the use of nanomaterials which provide new strategies for bone regeneration, despite the significant drawbacks of traditional treatments. Hydroxyapatite is one of the bioactive ceramics that has gained substantial research attention due to its biocompatibility, bioactivity and osteointegration ability for the manufacturing of nano bone grafts. The organized complex and porous structures of the human bone tissue is a nanocomposite which consists of both organic and inorganic matrix including hydroxyapatite naturally. Conventional hydroxyapatite was known to provide good adhesion and proliferation of host cells but very low mechanical strength. Hence biomaterial made of hydroxyapatite with various polymers and cross linking agents were used to enhance the mechanical strength of the material. Out of 293 articles obtained from the literature search, only 90 articles met the inclusion criteria about bone regeneration using nano hydroxyapatite materials. The present review addresses the potential capping agents with plant extracts for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanomaterials with multi-functional applications include drug delivery for targeting the desired therapeutic effect for bone regeneration with osteoprotective ability and tumour therapy.

Allograft valves offer significant advantages in valve replacement; however, their limited availability from cadaveric or brain-dead donors presents a considerable challenge. This study aims to share our experience in harvesting and preserving Allograft valves from heart transplant recipients, addressing this shortage and streamlining the process. Allograft valves were harvested from patients who underwent heart transplants at our center from October 2007 to October 2022. After sampling of the allograft for quality control, allograft valves were cryopreserved and thawed before implantation. Allograft valves were used in 60 patients who had pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in or after repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Patient data were collected and statistically analyzed. The age of donors was 39.0 ± 186.0 years while the median age of recipients was 5.1 years (interquartile range, 1.5-12.1). After a median follow-up of 2.6 years (interquartile range, 1.0-6.9), the freedom from all-cause mortality was 94.0%, 89.5%, and 89.5% at 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. Adverse clinical outcomes, occurred in 24 patients (40.0%), while freedom is 64.9%, 53.4%, and 31.7% for 5, 10, and 15 years. Allograft valves bicuspidized (odds ratio, 75.085; 95% confidence interval, 10.100-558.202, P < 0.001) and early postoperative regurgitation (odds ratio, 9.946; 95% confidence interval, 1.034-95.706, P = 0.047) were considered independent risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes. Our study presents our approach to harvesting and preserving allograft valves from heart transplant recipients, demonstrating favorable short to mid-term outcomes when utilized in allograft valves for patients with or after repaired TOF. We recommend vigilant monitoring of early postoperative regurgitation, as it may signal a poor prognosis, and we strongly advise against bicuspidized the implanted allograft valves.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a bovine ex vivoex vivo model to simulate human donor corneal storage conditions and assess the feasibility of human eye surgeries in bovine eye bulbs.

Methods: Calf eye bulbs (n = 19) were obtained from local slaughterhouses. Ten corneas were excised, with five maintained in hypothermic storage (2-8 °C): corneal quality parameters, including endothelial cell (EC) density (ECD), EC mortality and morphology, corneal transparency, and central corneal thickness, were monitored up to 14 days of preservation. Five corneas were assigned to non-vital imaging techniques to investigate cell and nuclei morphology. Human donor corneas (n = 5) in hypothermic storage were assessed as a control group. Nine bovine eye bulbs were used to mimic human eye surgeries, including capsulorhexis and open-sky vitrectomy with inner limiting membrane (ILM) removal, to evaluate their feasibility in the bovine model.

Results: Calf corneal endothelia exhibited a regular mosaic of hexagonal-shaped cells with oval-shaped nuclei and occurrence of binucleated cells. Calf ECD and EC morphology remained stable during the storage, although EC mortality and CCT increased, and corneal transparency and VECD decreased over time. ECD, EC mortality, and CCT were significantly higher in calf than in human corneas, while corneal transparency was lower. ECD change and EC morphology were statistically comparable between the two species. In the whole eye bulb, the narrow horizontal pupil reduced posterior chamber visualization, necessitating an open-sky approach for vitrectomy and ILM removal. Capsulorhexis was performed following complete iridectomy.

Conclusions: The presented bovine model offers a reliable alternative to human donor tissues for preliminary studies on corneal preservation and ophthalmic surgical procedures.

Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) is primarily found in liquid form and plays a role in accelerating vascularization and aiding wound healing. To carry out a critical analysis of the therapeutic potential of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) in the postoperative management of these surgeries. The systematic review protocol for this study included start and end dates, research question, databases, PICO structure, search strategy, inclusion/exclusion criteria, types of studies, measures of effect, screening methods, data extraction/analysis and risk of bias assessment tools. Registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024537367), it guaranteed transparency and quality. Searches were carried out on the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Wiley Online Library and Web of Science databases. Results: The systematic search in the databases identified 532 studies. After removing duplicates with Rayyan© software, 480 documents remained, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. After evaluation following the review protocol, 5 studies were considered highly relevant and included in the systematic review. The results indicated not only uncomplicated healing and adequate osseointegration, but also a significant improvement in comfort parameters and post-operative recovery. It was observed that the application of I-PRF accelerated the healing process, reduced pain and edema, and improved soft and hard tissue regeneration.

Antibiotics released locally through a carrier is a commonly used technique to prevent infection in orthopaedic procedures. Antibiotic-impregnated bone chips are an interesting carrier in bone reconstructive surgery. Cefazolin is a potentially interesting antibiotic given its proven efficiency in preventing surgical site infection when administered systemically. Preliminary in vitro studies with fresh frozen or processed bone chips impregnated with cefazolin solution showed rapid complete release within a few hours, questioning its potential for local infection prophylaxis. On the other hand, commercially available bone chips impregnated after purification using supercritical CO₂ have been shown to be an efficient carrier for the antibiotics vancomycin or tobramycin. With this in vitro study we wanted to investigate whether this specific type of processing protocol would improve the release pattern of cefazolin. In addition we investigated the impact of the timing of impregnation during the different steps of the processing protocol on the release of cefazolin.

A biocompatible and readily available wound dressing for emergencies has been shown to be more cost-effective, while also reducing the risk of immune system-mediated reactions. In this project, we investigated the use of a fresh blood-derived matrix as a wound dressing, based on a 3D drug-loaded Plasma-rich Fibrin (PRF) scaffold, to support the transplantation of autologous stem cells for regenerating skin tissues lost due to burns. PRF scaffold was prepared from venous blood, and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated from the visceral fat tissue of rats. Following in vitro analysis, PRF gel and ADSCs were transplanted onto second-degree deep burn wounds on the backs of rats. Histopathological analysis and wound size measurements were conducted on days 5, 10, 15, and 21. The findings revealed that PRF gel, as a cyto-compatible scaffold with the potential for antibacterial drug release (sustained for up to 3 days, with up to 89.7% release), significantly enhanced the healing process in the treatment group. On day 15, a reduced wound size, mature skin cells, and well-organized, thicker collagen fibers were observed in the histopathology of the PRF-treated groups, which scored an average of (2.83  ±  0.04) out of 3 for overall histopathological parameters. The greatest wound contraction was seen in the scaffold-treated groups (5.32  ±   0.61 mm²), compared with the control group (7.96 ±  0.82 mm²) (p < 0.05). PRF scaffold and ADSCs have the potential to serve as an effective biological wound dressing for burn wounds, accelerating the healing process and offering an alternative to traditional skin grafting.

Recurrent nerve entrapment syndrome is a well-known complication in peripheral nerve surgery that often leads to multiple reoperations and increases the risk of unfavorable outcomes due to scarring. In our outpatient clinic, we found two patients with recurrent nerve entrapment syndrome with significant symptoms such as complete sensory loss and chronic pain who were willing to undergo re-exploration of their entrapped nerves and cover them with a human acellular dermal matrix (ADM) as a protective shield against recurrence. Both patients had complete recovery of the nerve entrapment syndrome with satisfactory clinical results. The use of a human ADM appears to be a promising tool for recurrent nerve entrapment surgery without adding morbidity to the procedure.